Imperialism In Rwanda Genocide

Imperialism In Rwanda Genocide
Located in East–Africa and capital is Kigali
The size of Rwanda is 10,169 square miles
Official Languages– Kinyarwanda, French, and English
The current population is 11 million
Known as the "Land of a Thousand Hills"
Ethnicity Groups– Hutu(85%), Tutsi(14%), Twa(1%)
Ruled by Germany and later Belgium
Rwanda was ruled by Germany but after WW1, Belgium started to rule.
The Belgians preferred the Tutsi Minority and used them to help govern Rwanda.
Tutsis were given privileges which the Hutu Majority was excluded from.
This caused hatred from the Hutu to the Tutsi.
In the 1950's, some educated Tutsi began to question colonial rule.
Due to that, Belgians started to favour the Hutu majority.
In the Early 1960's Belgium arranged for the Hutu to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During this period of time, 10,000 people were murdered each day and more than 6 men, women and children were murdered every minute every day.
This kept going for about 3 months.
There are 300,000 to 400,000 survivors of the Rwandan genocide.
The Rwandan Patriotic front, the Tutsi rebel group after some time took power of Rwanda.It kept power for the past 15 years. In 1994, Gen. Paul
Kagame led the invasion, and was elected for president in 2003.
Rwanda was left with a crisis amongst the children and people, leaving them with horrible memories. A lot of children have been orphaned too.
Due to the mass rape that occurred,Rwanda is facing an AIDS/HIV outbreak.
Kagame defeated Hutu extremist forces and ended the Rwandan genocide in 1994. He is currently the sixth president of Rwanda.
After RPF victory, they established a partnered government with Pasteur Bizimungu(Hutu) and Paul Kagame(Tutsi). Bizimungu as president and
Kagame as vice president.
A new constitution was adopted in 2003 got rid of the reference to ethnicity. It was followed by Kagame's election which was Rwanda's first
legislative election. Kagame has 10 year term of being

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Rwandan Genocide And Ethnic Conflict
I.Introduction
On April 6 1994, following the death of president Juvenal Habyarimana, the state of Rwanda was hurled into chaos as genocides took the lives of
800,000 people . Began by the Hutu political elite and its military support, their main targets were the Tutsi, and Hutu moderates. Many have claimed
"ethnic hatred" as the reason of the Rwanda Genocide and while an ethnic split existed in Rwanda during the conflict, the causes for the genocide are
numerous and complicated. In examining the Rwanda Genocide as an ethnic conflict it is crucial that ethnicity be inspected as it affected and was
affected by economic, political and social elements. The problem for explaining the brutality in Rwanda as an ethnic conflict is that as the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
II.Ethnicity in Conflict
Although some ethnic identities were founded on "inherent biological, cultural, or racial traits" dividing lines have mostly changed. On the contrary,
the characteristics of ethnic groups are enormously personal and have undertaken a "presumed identity" . As much as ethnicity is distinguished by a
mutual identity inside a specific group, it is concurrently explained by its differences with other groups. While constituents of an ethnic group take part
in an identity founded on a mutual characteristic or opinion, their ethnic attributes (such as language, race, religion) are normally not all the same, and
if they are, these characteristics independently are not distinct to that group. The difference in the amalgamation of characteristics that shapes an
"ethnic identity" signifies that a person normally shares mutuality with more than one ethnic group. Moreover, what are the fixed dividing lines that
determine an ethnic group when its constituents have mutual characteristics with one other, but as well with other groups? "The ethnic label subsumes
a number of simultaneous characteristics which no doubt cluster statistically, but which are not absolutely interdependent and connected" .
As the discussion on ethnic conflict proceeds to grow, it has possibly grown more and more onerous to establish a

The Rwandan Genocide Of 1994 Effect The Hutu And Tutsi
Plan of Investigation
This investigation will seek to answer the question "How Did the Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Effect the Hutu and Tutsi?" I chose this question
because last year I read the book Left to Tell and I wanted to know more about the two different types of groups, the Hutus and the Tutsis. This was
and still is an important topic because many died that day just for belonging to a specific group. This topic shows how much our world has changed
since 1994. In order to answer my historical investigation question, I have structured my analysis section using the following method. First, I will
answer how the two groups are different? And how these differences began the Rwandan Genocide? Next, I will talk about a survivor and her
experience, then, the survival rate of Hutus and Tutsis. There are two main sources this paper will cover, first, a website called the United Human
Rights Council, then, a book called Left to Tell.
Summary of Evidence
Tutsis, were taller, lighter–skinned, and had narrower noses. While Hutus were shorter, darker–skinned, and had broad–noses. They were almost the
same but Tutsis had superiority. The "Skull measurements showing larger brain size, greater height, and lighter skin tones all reaffirmed the Tutsis'
superiority over the Hutus" (History). By late March 1994, "Hutu Power" leaders were determined to murder Tutsis and Hutus who opposed President
Habyarimana, in enormous amounts, mainly to destroy the peace agreement. They were ready to

Ethnic And Ethnic Conflict In The Rwanda's Genocide
Rwanda is a small landlocked East African country with a rich cultural background and tightly knit community it was a small country primarily
surviving as an agricultural economy, with one of the highest population densities in Africa. Rwanda had previously gained independence from
Belgium on July first, 1962, but as tensions rose between the majority population the Hutu, and the minority population the Tutsi, violence broke out
leading to the beginning of a full fledged genocide that began on April 6, 1994, and would take between 500,000 to 1 million lives of the Rwandan
people.
The sociological perspective that lead to the beginning of this genocide is extremely unique, as most ethnic conflict and violence in history has
occurred due to a conflict within two ethnic groups beliefs and cultures, yet in the case of the Tutsi and Hutu, they had very similar racial and cultural
traits. It was rather a division of socio–economic status between the pastoralists being the Tutsi, and the agriculturists representing the Hutu. Even
more, this difference between the Tutsi and Hutu is a open class system, as a Hutu could become a Tutsi if they acquired cattle and vice versa. This
class mobility and lack of ethnic and cultural conflict makes this situation so unique given its sociological perspective. Ethnic identity became so
powerful in the Rwandan culture because "Under Belgian rule, the difference in status between the Hutu and Tutsi became socially fixed, the entire

Causes Of The Rwandan Genocide In Rwanda
Rwanda is made of 3 ethnic groups which are the Hutu (85% of population), the Tutsi (14%) and the Twa (1%). During colonisation the minority Tutsi
were typically considered the elite because they had much lighter skin compared to the Hutu this created division between the Rwandan populations
because they ruled the country during colonisation. When Rwanda gained independence in 1962, the Hutus thought that the Tutsi people were to blame
for the increasing social and economic problems that the country was facing and they were angry at the Tutsi. This was one of the long term causes of
the Rwandan genocide.
Furthermore, in August 1993, General Habyarimana (a Hutu) signed an agreement at Arusha, Tanzania, that was about including the Rwandan Patriotic
Front, which would mean that the government would have both Hutu and Tutsi representatives leading the country. This made the Hutu very angry as
they felt that the Tutsi did not deserve to be in power and so they tried to prevent the RPF from joining the government. Then in 1994, General
Juvenal Habyarimana was elected as the president of Rwanda, in the same year his plane was shot while flying above Kigali airport in Rwanda and
there were no survivors. When the news about the presidents' death were announced to the public, the Hutu suspected that his plane was shot by the
Tutsi. Source 2 is proof of this hatred that the Hutu had against the Tutsi, because the eye witness speaks about o they came to attack her family
because she

Hutu In Rwanda
Geographical Location
The Hutu, which is also called the Bahutu, is a Bantu ethnic group. The Hutu are inhabitants of the African Great Lakes arena of Africa. The Hutu
primarily reside in Rwanda, Burundi, and eastern part of Democratic Republic of the Congo. Approximately 84% of Rwandans are Hutu and 85% of
Burundians are Hutu (Gwin, 2014). The remainder of the population is the Tutsi and the Twa. The Hutu has the greatest population of all four of the
central ethnic groups located in Rwanda and Burundi. At a whopping 13.9 million people, the Hutu remains the largest social group in Rwanda,
Burundi, east of the Democratic of the Congo, and Tanzania (Gwin, 2014). According to Encyclopedia Britannica, the Hutu move abroad to the Great
Lake region all the way from West Africa during the Bantu expansion. The Bantu expansion was a milieunum where people migrated across Africa.
This consisted of the dispersion of language and knowledge amongst neighboring communities. Rwanda and Burundi, where the Hutu reside, are very
mountainous countries in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's over twenty years later, and these people still have reoccurring issues. Rwanda and Burundi still has ethnic tension in relation with Tutsi minority
and the majority Hutus. Also in today's society, Rwanda strives to rebuild its economy by their coffee and tea production as its primary exports. They
continue to push efforts to reduce inequality and poverty (Global Communities, 2017).
The Hutu people are marginalized. Luckily, group programs such as Global Communities: Partners for Good, are working with Hutu communities in
efforts to provide support to unsafe households and improving livelihoods through cooperative development, agricultural training, nutrition education,
access to financial services and literacy (Global Communities,

Propaganda Propaganda
For decades genocide has been a problem all over the world. The killings are made by groups of individuals organized generally as militias,
communal police, the army and death squads. It is imported to figure out what factors motivate people to participate in this horrid group violence. It is
hard to imagine that something can persuade massive groups of people to murder innocent humans. History displays the recurring use of mass media
being used to provoke this violence. Overall, mass media has been used as propaganda.
Propaganda is defined as "information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of
view." This can be used as any form of mass media such as television, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was very entertaining and seemed somewhat innocent at the time. Then they began to talk poorly on the Tutsi. They called them cockroaches. In a
recording I listened to of the Radio– Television Libre des Mille Collines they said things as awful as "they look like animals, they are animals. The
Tutsi cockroaches are bloodthirsty murderers. They dissect their victims, extracting their vital organs, heart liver and stomach." Some more quotes
from this recording follow: "They are man eating cockroaches." "The Tutsi cockroaches are ferocious beasts." "They may smile and wink, but they
will take your children away." This radio station used fear to convince Hutu extremists that the Tutsi were bad people. "We can't let them attack our
country. I'm asking everybody to stand up and fight using everything you have. We must take sticks, clubs and machetes, and stop them from
destroying our country." After the President's plane was shot down, the radio station went into full force. It was a sign to start telling people to kill.
They began to direct people to kill by saying "The cockroaches' cruelty is irreversible. The only remedy is total extermination. Kill them all. Totally
wipe them out." A killer during thegenocide named ELie Mizinge states "The death of our president was the signal for the final chaos. But as with a
harvest, the seed was planted before."

The Beginning of the Rwandan Genocide
The first know people to live in the region near Rwanda were the Twa, other wise know as Pygmies. However, between 700 and 1000 BC, Hutu people
from the Congo River basin migrated to the area. Although the Hutu had been well functioning since their arrival, in the 15th century, the Tutsi tribe
arrived from Northern Africa. The Tutsi were more powerful and conquered the Hutu, creating an intricate feudal system. The Tutsi became the ruling,
landowning class and the Hutu became peasants and surfs, while any remaining Twa were the lowest in the social pyramid. Through the end of the
19th century, the region consisting much of modern–day Rwanda was ruled by a single Tutsi king– the mwami. Similar to the Medieval feudal system,
the King controlled other Tusti lords and vassals, who then controlled the Hutu working class. By the middle of the 19th century, the kingdom was at
its pinnacle, financially well and equipped with a modernly armed military, thanks to trade with eastern Africans.
In the mid–1800s european settlers began to appear in the 1880s German explorers and colonizers arrived. With German colonization becoming a
threat, the mwami finally agreed to German protectorate rule without contest or opposition, knowing he would face defeat if he did. As of 1890, the
former Tutsi controlled region was now officially part of German East Africa. However, it wasn't until the early 20th century in 1907 that German
administration actually began to take affect in the area. A few

Who Is Germany Impcolonize Rwanda?
Rwanda is a small country located in east–central Africa. It is also known as "The land of a Thousand Hills" because of its landscape. The capital
Kigali is located in the centre of the country. Since 1924 Belgium became the administering authority of Rwanda, but in 1962 the country was declared
independent. The people in Rwanda were divided in two major groups: the Tutsi and the Hutu. Although the Tutsi's were in the minority they belonged
to the upper class. When the Belgians left Rwanda they then decided to give more power to the Hutu. On April 6, 1994 the presidential plane was shot
down and from this day on a 100–day terror of the Hutu against the Tutsi begun in which nearly a million people were killed (White, 2014). These
events are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Belgians saw this coming because there were lots of highly educated Tutsi's who wanted independence. The Belgian government wanted to
avoid a war of independence and because of this they abruptly switched their support from Tutsi to Hutu. Now the Hutu's were admitted to functions
and organizations that previously were in hold of the Tutsi's. The Hutu's hatred of the Tutsi was gigantic because all these years the Hutu's lived like
inferior people to the Tutsi. The Hutu lived with the idea that they were less worth than a Tutsi and God had created them to labour under the
leadership of the Tutsi (Prunier, 2001). In November 1959 a rumour was spread which assumed that a Hutu politician was murdered by the Tutsi's.
This was the beginning of a massacre, in a short time 300 Tutsi were killed (White, 2014). As a result of this a lot of Tutsi flew to surrounding
countries since they were not safe in their own country anymore, they were hunted by the

Hutsi Groups In Rwanda
The country of Rwanda is a small, land–locked country in Eastern Africa. By the early 1990s, Rwanda's population of 7 million people was composed
of three ethnic groups. Approximately 85% was Hutu, 14% was Tutsi, and the remaining 1% was Twa (United Nations, 2015). Animosity between the
Hutu and Tutsi groups had grown substantially since the European colonialization period in the 1800s. During the colonialization period, European
colonists considered the slimmer, taller, lighter–skinned Tutsis to be superior to the shorter, stockier, darker–skinned Hutus (Putterbaugh, 2010). As the
Tutsis were more like the Europeans, they were treated better than the Hutus. The Tutsis were given positions of power as the existingHutu kings and
chiefs were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although the culprits of the crime are still currently unknown, Hutu extremists blamed the leaders of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a Tutsi group.
Within an hour of the crash, the Hutu extremists began their systematic massacre of hundreds of Tutsis and moderate Hutus (History.com, 2009).
Roadblocks were set up throughout the country to prevent the Tutsis from escaping. Hate radio stations, like the Radio–TГ©lГ©vision Libre des Mille
Collines, broadcasted Hutu Power and anti–Tutsi propaganda throughout the country (George, 2004). Hutu extremists carried lists of the names of
Rwandans thought to be RPF sympathizers. Anyone who was thought to be opponents of the Hutu extremists was tortured and killed, whether they
were Tutsi or Hutu (Longman, 2005). Roughly 800,000 people were murdered in a time span of only 100 days. Statistically speaking, that's 5.5 deaths
per minutes, therefore making the rate of killing during the Rwandan genocide higher than the rate of killing during the Holocaust (Barnett, 2002).
Despite the international community's claim to prevent genocides from happening ever again, after the horrors of the Holocaust, they only turned a
blind eye to the hate–fueled crimes occurring in Rwanda. Therefore, the death of the hundreds of thousands of Rwandan civilians is as much

Inhumanity In Rwanda Genocide
The Belgians' act of inhumanity through the discrimination of the Hutu is the main reason that the Rwandan genocide took place. In the article titled,
Rwanda Genocide of 1994, the author begins by introducing the background of Rwanda: "The three groups, Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa lived together for
centuries. Belgium ruled Rwanda in the 19th century and granted the Tutsi social power over the Hutu." ("Rwanda Genocide"). For instance, the Belgian
colonizers threw the Hutu into agriculturist and other primary jobs which did not earn them enough to support themselves. Tutsis were given complete
control over the government. This cruel classification of the Hutus directly relates to the different acts of inhumanity present before the genocide even
started.

Describe The Differences Between The Tutti And The Hutu
In each of these stories (some truer than others) there is a common conflict needing to be resolved. Two sides where there was once a community. A
genocide, a mass murder, and a children's show teaching the value of equality. People all across the world have fought and died for equality, the same
being said for the opposing side.
In Hotel Rwanda there are two sides to the community. TheTutsi and the Hutu, a division made by Belgian colonizers. Apparently the lighter and taller
Rwandans were treated better in the duration of the Belgians visit, these were the Tutsi. But after leaving, this conflict continued on for the rest 20th
century and well into the 21st. But to some, the division is pointless, given that they were and will always will

What Caused The Rwanda Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide: 100 Days of Mass Slaughter
"Seldom in history has a once–dominant group suffered so terrible a reversal of fortune as the Tutsi of Rwanda"– Robin Hallet. The event that Robin
Hallet is referring to is the Rwandan Genocide, the "genocidal mass slaughter" of the Tutsi (the minority group in Rwanda) and a few Hutu (the
dominant group in Rwanda) by "members of the Hutu majority," which resulted in at least 1 million Rwandan deaths. The Rwandan Genocide was
indirectly caused by European colonists; severely damaged relations between the two ethnic groups, almost irreparably; and had a destructive effect on
the survivors of the genocide.
"The true cause of the Rwandan Genocide was the negative influence of the European colonists on the relationship of the Hutus and Tutsis." European
colonists greatly aggravated relations between the Tutsi and the Hutu and indirectly caused the Rwandan Genocide. When the Tutsi people first came to
Rwanda, they "impressed their power" upon the Hutu. And by the 15th century, the Tutsi had absolute rule over the Hutu, despite making up less than
15 percent of the population. They continued to successfully rule for centuries. Although the relationship between the Tutsi and the Hutu was strained,
they were relatively "civil" towards each other until the late 19th century. This is about the time that the European colonial powers came in and
worsened problems between the Hutu and the Tutsi. German colonists, who first arrived in

The Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay
"There aren't just bad people that commit genocide; we are all capable of it. It's our evolutionary history" (James Lovelock). According to the
Oxford dictionary, genocide is defined as "the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group."
Although it may be hard to believe, genocides have occurred all over the world and all throughout time. There have been well documented genocides
such as the Holocaust. Additionally, there have also been genocides that have barely received any media attention at all. One such example is the
Rwandan genocide. The Rwandan genocide occurred in 1994 and was perpetrated by the Hutu ethnic group against the Tutsi ethnic group. Genocides
have taken the lives of millions of people around the world. One of the key factors that allows an atrocious act such as genocide to even occur is
obedience. Without obedience, genocide cannot take place. People must be obedient to be willing to kill millions of innocent people. For example,
Adolf Hitler, the Chancellor of Nazi Germany, could not have murdered six million Jewish people without the support of his armies. Without the
obedience of his constituents the Jewish prisoners would not have been murdered. Similarly, the Rwandan genocide was only possible because
numerous Hutu civilians obeyed Hutu extremists when they were told to kill their Tutsi neighbors. Obedience is studied in many experiments and
essays. Two prominent examples, Solomon Asch, a

The Rwandan Genocide of 1994
In April of 1994 a terrible event took place, one where approximately one–million people were brutally murdered on the basis of their ethnicity or if
they opposed the regime. (Uvin, 2003). This terrible event occurred in Rwanda, and it is known as the Rwandan Genocide. Genocide can be
described as a one sided mass killing in which the state or other authority intends to destroy a group, as that group and membership in it are identified
by the perpetrator. (Hintjens, 1999) This is exactly what took place in Rwanda in 1994. In Rwanda the population was mostly Hutu (84%) and had two
minorities, Tutsi (15%) and Twa (1%). (Hoex, 2010) The perpetrators of the genocide were the Hutu majority and the victims were the Tutsi. In order to
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the scholars said "invention of tradition," is basically saying that these roles in the society at the time of the genocide had been constructed and
it was not something that was primordial. Generation after generation this concept of the ethnic difference between the Hutu and Tutsi was more
accepted and held to be true. The belief of this being true does not make it true, but just gives power who benefit from this belief. During the
colonial period these distinctions became more important. When colonists came to Rwanda they imposed their racial hierarchal system. They said
that the Tutsi were not even native Africans and came from a different land and that is why they had the right to rule over the Hutu majority. This
was also necessary to the Belgians because it gave them a sense of order, where there were once about twelve clans in the area where they
colonized. This way they did not have to learn the culture and make it simpler to rule because there were only two ethnic groups to manage. The
Belgians imposed this story of the right to rule and how the two groups of people were different. This also led to the differences in the occupations
that the groups were allowed to hold. The Tutsi were delegated the job of ruling, cattle, and military. In order to create this difference that was not
really there before, they need a method to divide the people. They did so by the amount of cattle that the man had. If the man had more than ten heads of

Tutu And Tutsi Research Paper
Alain Destexhe states "These colonists considered the Tutsi to be superior to the Hutu. They believed that the Tutsi had 'superior martial skill and
intelligence' and 'that the Tutsi at the central court possessed a different physiology from that of the Hutu; and that only Tutsi were pastoralists."
(Destexhe, 38). The colonisers took the myth to "the school–rooms of Rwanda using European–educated teachers. Following the schools, there were
mainly Tutsi elite. Tutsi had opportunities to become doctors, teachers, while the Hutus worked in lower administrative jobs, were shopkeepers,
farmers, or traders. In 1957, Nzioka explains "the majority Hutu for the first time politically challenged the Tutsi oligarchy and published a manifesto
demanding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hutu and Tutsi spoke the same language and practiced similar religions. They also intermarried. "The identity card "ethnicity" of future generations
was determined patrilineally; all persons were designated as having the "ethnicity" of their fathers, regardless of the "ethnicity" of their mothers."
(Magnarella, 2002). These practices were carried on until its abolition by the 1994 post–genocide government. Paul Magnarella observes "had the
unfortunate consequence of firmly attaching a sub–national identity to all Rwandans and thereby rigidly dividing them into categories, which, for many
people, carried a negative history of dominance–subordination, superiority, inferiority, and exploitation–suffering." (Magnarella, 2002). Hutu and Tutsi
lived together relatively peacefully following in the 19th century. However, Magnarella states "time when their total population was comparatively low
(probably less than two million, versus over seven million in 1993) and land supply for both Hutu farmers and Tutsi cattle grazers was ample. With
rapid population growth in the twentieth century, the situation changed. Rwanda was faced with a critical food–people–land imbalance." Things
continued to change and it suddenly became a competition for both Hutu and Tutsi. Fearon and Laitin argues "the notion that identities are socially
constructed is indisputable in social psychology and political science studies. It is the most basic criteria for

Research Paper On Rwanda
The Country of Rwanda
In the depths of Central Africa lies the country of Rwanda, where its geography is exotic and diverse from one area to the next. It has a chaotic
history, which led to one of the biggest genocides ever. Its political system for the last few years has been identical to the one in America. Its economy
is going strong, with an abundance of money being earned from their different types of exports. Along withRwanda's rich and extravagant culture filled
with things from African ideas, while also being influenced by its colonist country Belgium and even America.
Rwanda is located in the middle of Africa, with a large number of physical features throughout the area. The part of Central Africa that Rwanda is in
resides about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The forest region has chimpanzees, golden and vervet monkeys, and three species of bush baby. It also contains the golden cat, duiker, and giant
forest hogs. The forests also have over 100 species of butterfly, and about 670 different species of birds! The Savanna and Wetlands also have many
species of birds. But these areas also contain buffalo, zebras, giraffes, hippos, elephants, warthogs, the rare giant pangolin (an anteater), and the Cape
Eland, which is the largest species of antelope. Another characteristic of Rwanda is that it has some volcanoes in its mountain ranges. Some of the
mountains in the Virunga Mountain Range either used to be active volcanoes, or still are. Six of the volcanoes out of nine are still

Violations of Human Rights Essay
Violations of Human Rights: Beyond the Gates
The film, Beyond the Gates, shows audiences the horror that took place during the Rwandan genocide. Shot in the same area as the actual genocide
took place, the film tells the story of the Hutu extremist attempt at destroying the countries minority group known as the Tutsi. Many human rights
violations were shown in this movie, shedding light on the real issue of how the international community failed to intervene during this time of crisis
and prevent the deaths of thousands of people. A few examples of human rights violations during this movie will be discussed in order to create
awareness about the many human rights that were violated during the actual Rwandan genocide. Beyond the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A few specific examples from the film show in action these human rights being violated during the genocide in Rwanda. In the film Beyond the Gates,
there are many scenes in which the audience hears or sees the Tutsi people of Kigali being killed or tortured. In one of these scenes Joe is being
told by a Tutsi woman seeking refuge at the school what she witnessed while hiding from the Hutu. Marie is translating for Joe so can understand
what is being said to him since he only speaks English. The woman tells Marie and Joe that she was hiding behind a house because she saw there
were gangs of militia in the street checking identity cards and that she was very scared because she is Tutsi. She saw another Tutsi woman and her
baby who were stopped by the militia. The Hutu men took off this woman's clothes and kicked her in the stomach. One of them then took her baby by
the feet and swung it at a tree, hitting its head. They kept swinging until the baby was dead. Article 2 of The UN Convention on the Prevention and
Punishment of the Crime of Genocide describes genocide as acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or
religious group. Under this list of types of genocide are killing members of the

The Causes And Consequences Of The Rwandan Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide, in which nearly one million individuals are estimated to have been murdered, took place over the course of one–hundred
days, from April 1994 to July 1994 (United Nations, n.d.). After Rwanda obtained independence from Belguim in 1961, a Hutu–dominated government
was formed in which Tutsis (the minority ethnic group) were viewed as lesser than Hutus (Walker, 2017). Years of systematic ethnic discrimination
against Tutsis allowed for the notion that Tutsis are inherently lesser than Hutus to be ingrained in Rwandan society. The genocide was further sparked
by the death of Rwandan president Juvenal Habyarimana, as Hutu extremists called for the mass–killing of Tutsis and individuals with Tutsi
connections (British Broadcasting ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Acceptance is "conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure" (Myers, 2013). The Rwandan civilians came to
believe that the right course of action to take was to participate in the systematic murder of Tutsis. The radio broadcasters, besides providing
justifications for the killing of Tutsis by Hutus, congratulated the civilians who had participated in the murders of Tutsis ("Rwanda radio transcripts,"
n.d.). Furthermore, the radio broadcasters labeled Tutsis as "cockroaches", which dehumanized Tutsis and thus made the rape and murder of Tutsis
appear to be less inhumane (End Genocide, n.d.). Dehumanizing Tutsis played a role in Hutu civilians obeying orders from government–supported
radio stations to kill Tutsis. In addition, as "brutality becomes standard procedure within an institution, it takes on an added legitimacy" (Sabini &
Silver, 1982). The systematic murders and rapes appeared as more legitimate because the government–backed Hutu extremist groups formulated lists of
Tutsis and Tutsi–affiliates to be targeted and sought out these individuals for murder (End Genocide, n.d.). The job of the Rwandan militants was to
simply murder Tutsis and Tutsi–supporters. Within Rwanda, civilians were expected and encouraged by the government to kill any and all Tutsis and

What Were The Causes Of The Rwanda Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide obviously started in Rwanda, and was between the Hutu and the Tutsi. The Hutu had controlled the government for quite
some time, and the Tutsi were trying to take it back now. This conflict had been going since 1990 in the form of a civil war, then in 1994 after the
Rwandan president was shot down in his plane, the government started killing all who opposed them, and therefore, the genocide started. While the
country was very poor at the time, there was not much they could do in the sense of self defense. It started in April and ended in May of the same year,
it was a 100 day "war" that killed close to 500,000 Rwandan people. The Hutu and Tutsi were basically all the same people, except for the fact that the
two ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The Rwandan Genocide." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 08 May 2017
"Rwanda Genocide: 100 Days of Slaughter." BBC News. BBC, 07 Apr. 2014. Web. 08 May 2017.
"Rwanda: How the Genocide Happened." BBC News. BBC, 17 May 2011. Web. 08 May 2017.
"Rwanda Genocide: The Art of Remembering and Forgetting." National Geographic. National Geographic Society, 02 May 2017. Web. 08 May

The Genocide Of The Holocaust
For as long as human history has existed, genocide as existed along with it. Even though the term itself was not coined until the 1940s by Raphael
Lemkin in response to the Holocaust, the act of genocide has been occurring for millennia. In 146 BCE the first recorded act of genocide occurred with
the Roman destruction of Carthage According to the Genocide Convention, genocide is defined as "the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national,
ethnical, racial or religious group". Genocide happens for a multitude of reasons and is often a combination of circumstance that leads to its occurrence.
The Rwandan genocide in the 1990s is a prime example of genocide and while it can be explained using several sociological theories, it most closely
correlates with Marxism and Conflict Theories.
Rwanda is divided into main two ethnic groups: the Hutu and the Tutsi, with the overwhelming majority being Hutu. Ethnic tensions in Rwanda date
back in the late 1800s when The Berlin Conference assigned the territory to Germany. European colonists who traveled to Rwanda displayed typical
scientific racism tendencies of the time. Convinced the Tutsi had migrated to Rwanda from Ethiopia and were therefore more Caucasian than the Hutu,
they enforced notions that the Tutsi were racially superior to the Hutu and racialized the two groups. This led to the Hutu becoming a pariah group in
Rwanda. Strong prejudice and discriminatory patterns began to emerge ad Tutsi supremacy continued into the

The Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide
It is almost too easy to think of the Rwandan Genocide as something out of a fictional horror film, in that it almost doesn't seem possible such atrocities
could have actually occurred. Only at the cinema could murdering and dismembering the bodies of perfectly innocent citizens, many of them children,
be imaginable. The story of the Rwandan Genocide is one of a great divide between the Hutu and Tutsi people. However, there was no real reason for
this division to come to fruition. They didn't have religious disagreements, as in the Armenian Genocide, nor were they born into an environment with
extreme ethnic tensions. European colonialism in the Rwandan region ultimately created the "ethnic" divide between the Hutu and and Tutsi groups ...
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However, in Rwanda, the colonialists did not directly incite a genocide, but instead left the nation in an extremely divided state, that lead to the
genocide. This difference is caused by the fact that they were settled in different ways (PappГ©, 2008). North America was settled through settler
colonialism, in which the settlers took over the government entirely and became the dominant population. Rwanda was settled through elite
colonialism, so that only political elites from Belgium and Germany lived in the region, and left the prior governmental institutions in place. As a result,
there was less conflict between the native population and the colonialists, because they were so hands off. Prior to the onset of the genocide, the Hutus
and Tutsis lived relatively in harmony. Although some historians would like to simplify their original exchanges as merely peaceful and democratic,
this is not the case. It is important instead to note that Hutus and Tutsis have endured an extremely unequal relationship from the beginning. The Hutu
are generally thought of as the primary settlers in this region and the Tutsi and a foreign group that would later come to establish themselves. In
actuality, the Twa, a people that is still around today, were the first to inhabit this area, but were quickly outnumbered dominated by the Hutu, with
whom they traded goods. Over ten thousand

Hotel Rwanda Essay
In 1994, in the center of 20th century Rwanda and under the Belgian rule, one of the most devastating, polarizing, and reshaping events in history
occurred. It is called the Rwandan genocide. This event was the cause of the Tutsi rivals, the Hutu, killing over 1 million innocent lives of Tutsi
people. The predicament was substantial enough to be made into a movie in order to spread the word out on what actually happened during the
genocide. "Hotel Rwanda", the film, focused mostly on one man and his family and how they helped over 1,200 Tutsi people during the incident, but it
also focused on the overall politics of the event and even how it started. One conversation in the film, in particular, included a journalist and Rwandan at
the hotel ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the beginning, before the Belgians took the power, the Tutsi andHutu were relatively uninvolved with each other. They weren't pleasant with each
other, but they also weren't brutal with each other. Tutsi people had different features than Hutu and also said that their origins are from Ethiopia, so
there was always a shimmer of tension throughout the two groups to begin with. The big tension however started when Belgian began their rule in
1916 and began classifying the people by giving them ethnicity identity cards. This officially formed the racial and ethnic tension between the two
groups because now they knew that they were set to be against each other. Unprofessionally, the Belgians chose a favorite group, the Tutsis, which
they openly and boastfully accepted. The Tutsis were in good care by the Belgians and were offered great jobs and a high income for over twenty
years. Obviously, the Hutu were upset about the Tutsis getting to live large while they struggled to stay financially stable. This eventually lead, in
1959, to over 20,000 deaths of Tutsi people. That's when everything physically changed between the Tutsis and Hutus. Then to make matters even
worse, the Belgians resigned from their rule causing the Hutu to rise to the power and brutally punish the Tutsi

The Republic Of Rwand A Nation Of Middle East Africa
The Republic of Rwanda is a sovereign nation in Middle East Africa that is filled with a rich history that dates back to the 19th century. Kingship in
Rwanda started well before Germany's colonization in 1897. The indigenous state was governed through a central monarchy, and relied heavily on the
kings' predecessors of one of the three royal dynasties and spiritual protection from havoc and misfortune. The king, also, ruled alongside the "Queen
Mother", who served an important role in carrying out executive orders. The kings' descendants were referred to as Tutsi; and people of non–royal
descent were called Hutu. Rwandan rulers carried out multiple military conquests throughout middle–east Africa that overpowered different kingdoms
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
German, Belgian, and French colonialists along with Christian missionaries orchestrated and perpetrated both the Rwandan Genocide in 1994 and the
Rwandan Revolution of 1959. The church was thriving and working alongside the state, promoting "tribalism" and ethnic distinction. The Hamitic
hypothesis was the states and church's ideology about Rwanda's history at the time, but many people until this day blame the church for not offering
moral and spiritual support. Christian missionaries, especially the Roman Catholic Church, were the brain and hands of the colonial state. The church
was involved politically, socially, and economically and situated themselves deep within the backbone of the country. It was not until 1900 when the
first mission arrived and settled in Rwanda. The mission was established by the Society of Our Lady of Africa, commonly known as the White Fathers.
Monsignor Lavigerie, the founder of the order, "promoted the idea that to implant Christianity successfully in a society, missionaries should focus their
efforts at conversion first and foremost on political authorities. If chiefs and kings could be convinced to adopt Christianity, Lavigerie argued, their
subjects would naturally follow" (Longman 7). Although this may be true, Yuhi Musinga, refused to be baptized a Roman Catholic. A delegation of
White Fathers along with

Pre Colonial Rwanda Essay
There is a division on the historical development of pre–colonial Rwanda. One side of the divide indicates an "ethnic" diversity based partially on
occupational status – a patron/client relationship and also the ancestral lineage of Hutu and Tutsi. The other side of the divide indicates that "until
written descriptions by the first European travelers, people identified themselves according to clan rather than ethnic affiliation, and that the description
of so called ethnic groups was laid down by those travelers" (SellstrГ¶m, Wohlgemuth, & Millwood, 1996).
As in many other areas in Africa, in the absence of written source material, archaeological remains etc., reliable historical data from before the
mid–19th century are a scarce commodity. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tutsi were described as distinct in terms of origin, economic activities, social status and physical appearance, although sharing the language, religion
and settlement with Hutu according to von GГ¶tzen (1895) and Kandt (1921). This description of Rwandese "ethnic groups" – partly based on
indigenous mythology – was upheld and diffused by outsiders, colonial agents, ethnographers, anthropologists, historians etc. and came to represent the
generalized Western view of the Rwandese people. It seems, however, that the people themselves identified each other rather according to clan
affiliation. In a number of studies, David Newbury has shown that while the terms "Hutu" and "Tutsi" existed in pre–colonial times, they did not have
the same significance as in the recent era, and the meaning of an "ethnic" identity varied from place to place and over time. There was no single
universal definition of ethnic identity valid for all regions at one time (D. Newbury, 1979, 1980; C. Newbury,

Rwanda Genocide Research Paper
The genocide started with the assassination of the Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira, when the
their plane was shot down on April 6, 1994. The current President of Rwanda, Paul Kagame, was suspected to have influenced this assassination
because he was the leader of a rebel Tutsi group and Habyarimana was a Hutu. Due to his death the Hutu rebel groups, such as the Democratic Forces
for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), arose because they had felt threatened by their past violent history. The Hutu and the Tutsi lived within the
precolonial Kingdom of Burundi in 1972 which was ruled by the Tutsi. The government became increasingly dangerous for the Hutu people, "In 1929,
the Belgians decided to merge

Genocide: The Hutus And The Hutu Militia In Rwanda
The year is 1994, and Paul Rusesabagina, the manager of HГґtel des Les Milles Collines and a Hutu, lives a happy and successful life with his Tutsi
wife and three kids. During the conflict against the Hutu militia in Rwanda, Paul struggle to house over one thousand Tutsi and Hutu refugees from
being slaughtered by the Hutu militia. The two primary causes of genocide as portrayed in the movie are the RTML radio station and the UN lack of
support.
Hutus and Tutsis have an ethnic tension that is everlasting. The ethnic tension between the two ethnic groups began when the British turned over the
power to the minority, the Tutsis. The Tutsis is thought of as being superior because of their head size and their height. After years of repression, the

Rwanda Genocide Compared to Blood Done Sign My Name
From April to July of 1994 terror struck Rwanda as Hutu members of the nation brutally maimed, raped, and killed around 800,000 Tutsi members,
along with partial Hutu members. Leading up to the genocide, there was tension between both ethnicities. Over the decades, people of the Hutu
ethnicity took power of the country, in fact, Major General Juvenal Habyarimana, a moderate Hutu, took office for over ten years (History.com Staff,
2009). Correspondingly, in years leading up to the Rwanda genocide, in another country called America, the ethnic group of Africa Americans was
being harshly discriminated against. In the 1900s, slavery was no longer legal in the states; however, a few decades before the Rwanda genocide,
Oxford, North Carolina ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They then began to beat and kick him continuously. Marrow was still alive, but barely. He died later at the hospital. After the murder of Marrow,
people were outraged. They were mad that the Teel family had not been arrested and people were going to make sure they said something about it.
African Americans, and some whites took to the streets, they burned buildings and vandalized possessions. Nobody said anything to them; the mayor
watched as they destroyed the town, they just let them go. African Americans were outraged. The only reason the Teel's hadn't gone to jail was
because they weren't black. At this point, nobody was scared to fight back and express their opinions. Even smaller children were doing what they
saw the older blacks doing. For example, when Tim and Jeff were walking home one day from school, Jeff thought it'd be fun to throw something
some black kids standing across the street. After throwing it, the black children retaliated. They threw objects back, and then chased Tim and Jeff most
of the way home. Rwanda genocide victims tried to take refuge in places that they thought were places that they could go for safety. Places like
schools, hospitals and churches. Hutu followed them, where they were then just as brutally murdered as any other Tutsi member. Nobody was safe.
Hutu who didn't believe in the genocide were also brutally murdered, the idea was to have a race of just Hutu (Rosenberg, 2014). One of the most
gruesome events that happened

The Conflict Between The Hutu And Tutsi Tribes In Rwanda
Rivalries between neighboring areas have historically led to violent altercations. This is especially the case in Rwanda, between the Hutu and Tutsi
tribes that founded the nation. Their relationship was not like that at first– the tensions seemed to increase when European powers intervened with the
tribes. When Rwanda became independent, the malicious competition continued because the tribes had become accustomed to it and adopted it on
their own. It is so implanted in their culture that even the leaders have been promoting the separation. The biggest challenge facing present Rwanda is
trying to unite the people as a whole and forget about the hateful rivalry between the founding Hutu and Tutsi tribes. Their once feudal division has
evolved into a destructive competition over ethnic superiority as the nation gained power and eventually became independent.
Originally, the relationship between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes was not hostile– it was a contractual agreement based on skill. The Hutus, who had
settled in Rwanda first, were mainly involved in small scale agriculture. The Tutsis were more advanced socially and politically and took over control
once they migrated to the area. Tutsi people were cattle herders and soon developed a client–patron like arrangement with the Hutus, called Ubhuahke.
In this agreement, Hutus provided personal services and allegiance in exchange for Tutsis providing them cattle, land, and protection (Rwanda, UPenn).
Although they were the minority

The Hutu And The Tutsi: Two Racial Groups In Rwanda
The Hutu and the Tutsi are two different racial groups in Rwanda. The group that owned most of the cattle in Rwanda was called the Tutsi and
everyone else was the Hutu. Now if an individual wanted to become a Tutsi they just had to marry into this group or acquire cattle.
First the Belgians gave the Tutsi who were only 10 percent of the population all the leadership roles in the government. This upset the Hutus since they
were 90 percent of the population in Rwanda. Eventually the Belgians switched their ideas and gave the Hutus the leadership roles in the new
government that the Belgians constituted. The two groups had animosity for decades because of this issue. In August of 1993, there was a "UN Peace
keeping mission in the heart

Eight Stages Of Genocide By Gregory Stanton
They had found what they were looking for, scientific proof that would justify a clear distinction between East African people, a distinction that would
claim the lives of millions of innocent people. A separation that should 've been trivial and meaningless instead lead to superiority complexes and an
ever–growing bitterness in the heart of the Hutu people. East Africa became a powder keg that finally exploded as Burundi divulged into a civil war.
Genocide happens under three circumstances, war, decolonization, and national security; By using Gregory Stanton 's Eight Stages of Genocide it
becomes very apparent to us that the Tutsis not only systematically murdered the Hutu people but hid behind the cover of war to do it. Conflict in the ...
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It is because of Hutu aggression that caused the Tutsi to hit back harder and begin their elimination of the Hutu people. America couldn 't deal with
Burundi because it was still fighting in Vietnam, a war in which they were losing and one where the American people wanted out. We couldn 't direct
resources to Africa because they were need in Vietnam. Besides external conflict America was suffering internally as the Watergate scandal began to
come to light. The American people were fighting at home against the government and overseas against communism, they didn 't have the time to deal
with a small African country. Finally, other big players like China and the USSR were unwilling to help Burundi because there was no real benefit to it.
Burundi had set itself up to become a capitalistic society so there was no real future between them and large communist countries. The growing tension
in Burundi became overshadowed by more pressing matters and because of that Station 's Eight Stages of Genocide went by unnoticed, starting with
classification.
Burundi 's idea of classification was not new, it has been rooted in their history and making its reappearance because of fear. Burundi 's idea of "us vs.
them" began with colonization as Europeans had proven the Tutsi to be superior to the Hutu; "the scientists found what they had believed all along.
Tutsi had a 'nobler ', more 'naturally ' aristocratic dimensions than the 'coarse ' and 'bestial ' Hutus."

Movie Analysis : Hotel Rwanda
The based on a true story trademark of the film Hotel Rwanda has implications for genocidal memory, post genocidal peace and reconciliation, and the
promotion of heroism amid the udder chaos that engulfed the country. The film ultimately illustrates an oversimplified, ideologically driven version of
the 1994 massacre. It emphasizes the role of a Hollywood hero, rather than the deeply rooted and complex factors at the center of the violence, leading
to popular opinion of the Hutu population as barbaric and uncivilized and the Tutsi as innocent liberators. The film is historically accurate with respect
to its representation of the physical similarities between both populations, as well as its depiction of the Hutu and Tutsi living in harmony prior to the
assassination of the Rwandan president. Despite these accuracies, Hotel Rwanda fails to capture the true matrix of economic, political and historical
mechanisms capable of motivating acts of violence of this stature. Furthermore, the film utterly discounts the role played by Belgian imperialism in
transforming the societal makeup of Rwanda. Instead the film maintains a violent aesthetic, emphasizing the brutality of the conflict in order to appeal
to a wider audience.
There is no doubt that Hotel Rwanda has contributed to the global awareness of the three–month massacre that killed roughly one million people . At
the same time, the film is lacking with regards to the accuracy of details about Rwandan history. This lack

Essay On Rwanda Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide Genocide is the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. The Hutu
extremists did not like the Tutsi because of the last few years under oppressive Tutsi rule; they believed many of the Tutsi citizens supported the rebel
group Rwandan Patriotic Front. From April to July 1994, over 800,000 Tutsi and thousands ofHutu moderates were killed all within a period of 100
days during the Rwandan Genocide.
During the 1990's the Tutsi and Hutu were already in a bad place after recently being under oppressive Tutsis rule. The Hutu extremist blamed all
their country's social and economic problems on the Tutsi people. A civil war was caused after a group of Rwandan exiles formed the Rwandan
Patriotic Front: a Tutsi–dominated rebel group, and had attacked Rwanda from their home base in Uganda. The invasion caused tension levels between
the two sides to skyrocket
On April 6th, 1994 President Juvenal Habyarimana's plane was shot down, killing everyone on board after flying back from delivering speeches in
neighboring countries. Despite the negotiations to keep peace, President Juvenal Habyarimana's death sparked a wide spread of violence. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
High political leaders who could challenge the Hutu were killed off almost immediately, and anyone suspected of being a Tutsi or having ties to a
Tutsi was killed. Tutsi were killed in their own homes and as they tried to escape the country. Whole Tutsi families were killed all at the same time.
Women were beaten and brutally raped. More than 67% of the women raped during the genocide were infected with HIV and

The Genocide In The Film Ghosts Of Rwanda
In the movie Ghosts of Rwanda the Tutsi who are the weak in the society. They are always hunted by Hutu extremists. The reason is that the Hutu
want to control of Rwanda. In this movie we can be seen how the Hutus are the shadow of the evil and Tutsi are always the victim of them. One of
reasons why the Hutu hunt the Tutsi is basically for ideologies. This making a country under the rule of the Hutu extremists .Therefore the Tutsis do not
have any choice that is be part of the Hutu and kill others or wait for their deaths.
I disagree that the racism is a factor of this genocide. The authorities of the international community are not interest to help people in Rwanda. The
reason behind of this is the governments do not have any political interest

Hutu and Reed Burundi Essay
Mithra Derakshan
25 October 2010
Professor Reed
Burundi
Burundi is a resource–poor country in Eastern Africa, bordered by Rwanda, The Republic of Congo, and Tanzania. The country is about the size of
Maryland, and has a population of about 9,511,000 people (CIA World Factbook).Burundi is known for having one of the highest population densities
in all of Africa. It is a country with a drawn out history plagued with war, conquest, and detrimental ethnic conflicts. It has a moderate tropical climate,
with two wet seasons and two dry seasons, yet it is lacking in industrial and political force to overcome its deficiencies. Though the citizens face
extreme poverty, a tainted past, and a recently ended civil war, they remain optimistic for... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though Burundi's largest industry is agriculture,, accounting for 65% of the GDP. It's biggest resource industry is coffee, and other agriculture
includes bananas, sweet potatoes, hides, tea, sorghum and maize. According to the World Food Programme, about 56% of children under five years of
age suffer from chronic malnutrition, which makes the country dependent on aid from foreign countries. (Wikipedia) Though civil unrest has stunted
Burundi's growth, the land is full of local tradition and culture. Drumming plays an important role in their heritage. Along with drumming comes dance,
which can be seen during family celebrations and get–togethers. A typical meal at these gatherings would be one consisting of sweet potatoes, corn, and
peas. Meat is rarely eaten due its' high expense, yet impeke (beer) is generally part of a daily meal for most Burundians(Every Culture). Sports like
football, basketball, and track and field are loved by the Burundians and played daily. Burundians are extremely religious and the country consists of a
prominence of three different religions: Christianity, Islam, and indigenous beliefs. Christianity is the largest religion, and the biggest holiday is
Christmas. It is believed that most of the Hutu are generally Christian, and that most of the Tutsi are Muslim, which is why they tend to be so hateful
towards one another. In 2009 the government passed law in which criminalized homosexuality. Any person found guilty of

Tension In Rwanda Genocide
World History II Colonial Legacies Research Paper
In 1994, a brutal battle of discrimination and hatred erupted. In the central African country of Rwanda, a long brewing tension broke out in a battle
between the Tutsi and Hutu. Lasting approximately 100 days, the conflict forever changed the lives of 40% of the Rwandan population. About 800,000
Tutsi were killed and many refugees fled the country ( "Rwandan Genocide"). It was a grueling fight, based on land and power, that all started with a
lopsided hierarchy created by the Belgians that loomed over the heads of the Rwandan people. Belgium's colonization of Rwanda, served as a catalyst to
the genocide between the Tutsi and Hutu by creating the unjust differences and unequal rights between ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This included higher class advantages to the Tusi in "government administration, as well as the greater employment and educational opportunities than
Hutu" people (Straus) Their civil balance was starting to become undone. Over the years, the negative effects of the Belgian rule started to multiply.
Their leaders conducted a system throughout the country that supplied the Rwandan people with identity cards. The Belgians made it so ethnicity was
the defining feature of their Rwanda existence and stereotyping began to take over the identities of the people. This scheme of separation hit the
everyone that lived in this country; the Tutsi, the Hutu and a group called the Twa which only took up 1% of the population. ("Genocide in Rwanda."
United). It was the "straw that broke the camel's back", because it kicked off the distinct separation and difference between the people who once lived
peacefully together. By defining and segregating the population into distinct groups through ID cards, there differences became more noticeable, while
there similarities were

What Caused The Rwanda Genocide
On April 7th, 1994, one of the worst crimes against humanity was unleashed in Rwanda and in the following hundred days, almost one million Tutsi
and moderate Hutus were heinously slaughtered. Scott Strauss, a professor at the University of Wisconsin, describes the horrors that occurred,
revealing that "Over three months, government forces with militia and civilian assistance massacred at least 800,000 people in one of the worst human
rights violations of the 1900's" (Strauss 5). During the genocide, the majority of the Tutsi population were killed by the hands of the Hutus. Sadly, the
Western world stood by, ignoring the atrocities being inflicted on defenseless people. TheRwandan genocide was an unimaginable event that took place
in a third ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In October 1993, the United Nations deployed a peacekeeping force, called United Nations Assistance Mission (UNAMIR), to Rwanda for the purpose
of monitoring the cease–fire accord between the RFP and the Rwandan government. The UNAMIR consisted of 2,500 soldiers from 23 countries,
with Canadian General Romeo Dallaire as the Commanding Officer. In December 1993, Dallaire received a letter from a Hutu informant
revealing plans of mass murder of the Tutsis by the Hutus. Dallaire sent a cable to the United Nations warning of a potential genocide risk,
however, the cable was disregarded. On April 8th, 1994, two days after the genocide began, Dallaire sent a message to the UN characterizing the
killings as mass extermination. Again, his message was disregarded. After the death of 10 Belgium soldiers, 2230 UNAMIR troops were withdrawn,
leaving only 270 unarmed troops under the command of Dallaire and hundreds of thousand Tutsis at the mercy of the Interahamwe. Chris McGreal, a
senior writer for Guardian US and witness to the genocide, recalls Helena Nwitizina, a Rwandan survivor stating, "We knew the UN was abandoning
us. We cried for them not to leave. Some people even begged for the Belgians to kill them because a bullet would be better than a machete" (McGreal
2). The Tutsis knew the UN could help, yet the UN decided to abandon them. Fortunately, with the onset of the genocide, the RPF

Ethnic Corruption And Oppression Of Power In Rwanda
Because of ethnic oppression and inequality, authoritarian Rwandan Hutu rulers were able to easily consolidate their power through the less–privileged
Hutu majority. From 1962 to 1994, Hutu leaders were able to easily strengthen their control when unresolved ethnic tensions surged violently. Historic,
ongoing ethnical unfairness created aggression between the Hutu and Tutsis for decades. Since no resolution between groups occurred, ethnic hatred
increased with time. Rwanda's leaders were able to easily snatch power through an oppressive single–party system and an ever–growing majority. The
gradual and increasing build–up of ethnic animosity between groups further guaranteed the authoritarian rule. Through the circumstances and ethnic
divides in Rwanda, Hutu leaders subjugated political control. In Rwanda, the Tutsi are roughly one–fourth of the population. Historically, the Tutsi were
the upper–class minority in Rwanda, while the Hutu were generally the lower working class. Furthermore, according to Mahmood Mamdani (2002,
75), "to be a Tutsi was thus to be in power... or simply to be identified with power". Historical periods of oppression to the Hutu caused increasing
ethnic discord. After a long oppressive Tutsi reign, Hutu leaders took power and began to mistreat Tutsis in a revengeful manner. The persecution of
Tutsis started long–before the Rwandan genocide. In 1959, 20,000 Tutsis were killed, and from 1959–63, "repeated attacks force more than 200,000
Tutsis into exile"

Imperialism In Rwanda Genocide

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