Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cleft Lip And Palate

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cleft Lip And Palate
PERCENTAGE OF CORRECT CONSONANTS (PCC) METRICS: EXTENSIONS AND
RELAIBLITY DATA IN NORMALS AND CLEFT LIP AND PALATE. Abstract Introduction Cleft
lip and palate is an abnormal opening or fissure in an anatomical structure. Cleft is a congenital
condition present at birth due to inherited condition .The causes for the cleft are both endogenous
and exogenous factors. It is also due to the disruption in embryological development. Cleft palate
occurs when the section of the roof of the mouth do not fuse during foetal development, leaving an
opening between the oral cavity and the nasal cavity. They can vary in length, width, depending on
the fusion of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
METHOD This study includes two groups who are native Kannada speakers, 1st group is of normal
population and 2nd group is of CLP population. These both groups consists of 2 sub categories
where the 1st category consists of 15 children of age range 5–9yrs and 2nd category consists of 5
younger adult of age range 15–25yrs. The CLP children who have participated in this study have
undergone speech therapy for 6 months and adults for 5 yrs of irregularity. This study includes two
different tasks: imitation and picture naming. The stimulus used is 50 random Kannada words and
pictures. The participants were instructed to repeat the word said by the professional and other task
is the participants have to name the displayed picture, responses are recorded in PRAAT software
using microphone. The microphone was placed at a fixed distance of 10cm from the mouth of the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Kite Runner Analysis
"I thought about Hassan's dream, the one about us swimming in the lake. There is no monster, he's
said, just water. Expect he'd been wrong about that. There was a monster in the lake... I was that
monster." When looking at this quote some may wonder who would be considered the monster; and
in this case Amir would be. The idea of him redeeming himself from being a monster is a recurring
theme in the story and the movie.
In the movie and book there are several similarities I could discuss. The one that really caught my
eye was when Hassan gets raped trying to protect Amir's kite. In the book there is evidence to
support this event happening; "I thought he might burst into tears ,but, to my relief he didn't, and I
pretended I hadn't heard the crack in his voice. Just like I pretended I hadn't seen the dark stain in
the seat of his pants. Or those tiny drops that fall from between his legs and stained the snow black."
This quote is located on chapter seven page sixty–one. The reason this quote helps support the event
is because it proves Hassan did get raped, and further up in the chapter it tells how Amir just stood
there hiding but was fully aware of the situation unfolding and didn't try to help, he simply acted as
though nothing happened. It is important this similarity is present in both the book and the movie
because it helps piece together the story line and also helps the reader get a visual understanding of
the emotions felt by each character. This similarity reflects a

Essay On Cleft Lip Palate
#6 Cleft/Lip Palate 1. Definition: A face and mouth malformation that affects the fetus's
development early on in pregnancy. Cleft lip is when the lip actually splits on both sides of the
upper lip, leaving a gap Cleft palate is when the palate of the opening of the mouth actually splits 2.
What are the causes/risk factors: The cause is typically unknown, yet most are believing it is linked
to genetic or environmental factors. Risk Factors:  Smoking  Diabetes  Use of certain
medications such as the use of anti–seizure medication (topiramate or valproic acid) in the first
trimester or methotrexate (cancer/arthritis/psoriasis treating drug)  Family with a past history of
birth defects  Asian, Latino, or Native American  Occurs ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Labs: Usually very visible and is often seen through an ultrasound Physical exam once baby is born
5. What are the treatments associated with the condition/complication & any precautions: Cleft lip
usually is treated with one to two surgeries by the time the baby is 3 months old Cleft palate usually
takes multiple surgeries by the time he/she is 18 years old A bone graft may also be done for a cleft
palate once the child reaches the age of 12 6. List 10 nursing interventions: Provide support for
parents, especially psychological support Provide information to parents on proper feeding
equipment and techniques Assess newborn and the severity of the defect Use special feeding
equipment if necessary (large nipples, soft nipples) Position on back or side lying Cleanse suture
line after feeding if surgery was performed Try and prevent from crying severely Provide frequent
and proper mouth care Maintain a protective device on lips Provide parents with information on
support groups or resources that will provide help and information for proper understanding as child

Personal Narrative: My Cleft Palate Surgery
Numerous events and people throughout my life have enlightened me, challenged me and prepared
me for my role in life. Some of these events are my cleft palate surgery and the recovery process,
along with the therapy for the cleft and the motivation from others in the assistance through those
rough times to push me to be better and able to speak to be be understood. The cleft palate is,
usually, a birth defect found at birth. Unfortunately, mine was found later in life, at the age of five.
Hardships in my life I have experienced are the passing of loved ones and the interchanging of
friends. Nevertheless, friends and family came through in the end by encouraging me through tough
times "Things do not happen. Things are made to happen." – John F. Kennedy.
My cleft palate came with its fair share ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Questions like, "How are you doing?" and "Where have you been?" I cannot quite remember the
specific time, but it was near the beginning of my first grade year at Graham Elementary. This is
when I began the speech therapy once again, I had been in the process of the therapy since I was
about five years old. What they had me do during the speech therapy sessions, which lasted for an
hour to an hour–and–a–half; was to, ultimately, try and speak so others would understand me. They
taught me how to say words, phrases, vowels, and other vocal aspects that I lacked in. It was like
learning to speak again, it was one of the toughest times of my life so far. Dealing with the feeling of
being different from everyone, like an outcast and being picked on for that fact, severely impacted
me in those times. In the end, it did not fully teach me to be comprehensive to others. The surgery
helped the process immensely. Eventually, I completed the therapy to be comprehensive to all.
"Hardships often prepare ordinary people for an extraordinary destiny..." – C.S.

Cleft Lip Research Paper
Cleft lip is when the lip forms between the fourth and the seventh week of the pregnancy. When the
baby is developing during pregnancy, the body tissue and the special cells from each side of the
head grows toward the center and joins together to make the face. The symptoms of cleft lip is a
split in the lip and roof of the mouth and it can sometimes affect both sides of the face. Sometimes a
cleft only occurs in the muscles of the soft palate, signs or symptoms are having trouble feeding the
child, swallowing with potential for liquids or foods to come out the nose maybe a problem also.
The causes of why a baby is born with cleft lip is because when the tissue in the baby's face and
mouth does not fuse the proper way. Sometimes the tissues

Cleft Palate Research
Cleft palates are birth defects. It is a malformation at the roof of the mouth or a split in the top lip.
The defect begins at the embryonic stages of an infant's life (Masih, Chacko, Thomas A. , Singh,
Thomas R. , & Abraham 2014). There are many theories of what factors into a child developing a
cleft palate. Some of those risks are: maternal alcohol consumption, drug abuse, smoking during
pregnancy, and aged paternal genes (Tettamanti L. , Avantaggiato A. , Nardone M. , Silvestre–Rangil
J. , Tagilabue A. 2017). Surgically, cleft palates are one of the most common facial abnormalities,
because they appear every thousand live births universally (Tungotyo, M. , Atwine, D. , Nanjebe D.
, Hodges A. , & Situma M. 2017; Tettamanti L. , Avantaggiato A. , Nardone M. , Silvestre–Rangil J.
, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2017). Unfortunately, there are many deficits associated with cleft palates: dental abnormalities,
distorted speech, cosmetic deformities, malnutrition, disorganized swallowing, and growth
difficulties (Tettamanti L. , Avantaggiato A. , Nardone M. , Silvestre–Rangil J. , Tagilabue A. 2017).
The first and most pressing consequence associated with cleft palates is malnutrition and feeding. A
study conducted by Tungotyo, M. , Atwine, D. , Nanjebe D. , Hodges A. , & Situma M. (2017),
discovered that 30 to 50% of children with cleft lips and cleft palates face malnutrition. These
children struggle with nurturing themselves, because their abnormality prevents them from
producing suction around the teat/nipple and collecting the milk. Malnutrition affects the infant's
ability to thrive and gain appropriate amounts of weight (Tettamanti L. , Avantaggiato A. , Nardone
M. , Silvestre–Rangil J. , Tagilabue A. 2017). In order to thwart malnutrition, there are many
intervening feeding approaches to help nurture infants with

Cleft Lip Or Palate Research Paper
Cleft and Right The vast majority of people seldom reflect on the possibility of birth defects or
malformations in their children. Most will rest easy knowing that their child is healthy and
developing normally in the womb because of modern medical advances. However, there is always a
risk. Despite the probability being small, there are always risks of complications. Cleft lip or palate
affects only 1 in 700 births throughout the entirety of the planet. Clefts are congenital and there are
environmental factors that contribute to the etiology of this rare malformation, most of which are
avoidable or correctable with proper, professional aid. There are many details as to what causes cleft
lips and palates that are undetermined. This paper will give insight on what is a cleft, the etiologies
of a cleft lip or palate and a detailed description of surgery/ treatment options as well as the role of a
speech–language pathologist in the life of a client with a cleft lip or palate. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What is a cleft? A cleft is a divide or a split; it can be halved down the middle or asymmetrical. The
term can be applied to describing leaves or wood, bit is also relevant in the medical world in
defining malformed lips or soft palates. Cleft lips and palates take home the gold for being "the most
common congenital orofacial anomaly." The malformation occurs during the early stages of
pregnancy due to the lack of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes (Shah, 2016). Using
the knowledge of the anatomy of articulation and resonation, the speech–language pathologist is
aware that the maxilla (maxillae when referring to the pair) constructs the

Face Deformity In Wonder By J. Palacio
I've never seen a person with a face deformity. In the book Wonder by RJ. Palacio a main character
named August Pullman was born with a face deformity. He also has a cleft palate that he was born
with. August has had many surgeries to make him look a bit more normal. August is just starting
public school, and he is facing some challenges. People picked on Auggie, talked about him behind
his back, and was scared to even touch Auggie. August knew this stuff was happening so he stood
up for himself. August would block out the people who picked on him and bullied him, he ignored
what people were going around saying about him, and proved to people that if he touched them that
they were going to be fine. When other characters in the book like Julian, Henry, and Miles saw
August, they would always pick on him. August always found out a way to ignore them. He knew
he wasn't gonna be friends with them so he made new friend and blocked out Julian. On the tour of
the school, Julan made a rude comment about Auggie's face and Jack stepped in and told Julian to
knock it off and leave him alone. Many students find different ways to to overcome the challenge of
being bullied. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Auggie knew people were whispering, pointing, laughing, and staring at him because he knew it was
happening. He overcame this challenge like a champion. He acted like everything was ok and didn't
know that those things were happening. This didn't just happen in school, it happened at the park, in
public, in restaurants. I feel bad for August because he is always getting talked about but he shows
to people that he is brave and doesn't care what you say or

Wonder By R. J. Palacio: An Analysis
The book Wonder by R. J. Palacio has won many awards since its publishing on February 14, 2012
by Alfred A. Knopf. It is a sweet, heartwarming story about a 10–year–old boy who is "an ordinary
kid with an extraordinary face" (back cover). August "Auggie" Pullman was born with an extremely
rare medical facial deformity. Because of his numerous surgeries, Auggie had always been home–
schooled by his mother, but this year, his parents decide to enroll him in Beecher Prep for fifth
grade. Being the new kid is bad enough, and he isn't sure if the other students will be able to get past
his looks and accept him for his personality. On the first day of school, Auggie isn't shocked to see
the looks people are giving him. He is used to people's

Cleft Lip
Introduction
Cleft lip is formed when a baby's nose and mouth do not form properly in the womb. These children
are born with deformations to the mouth and nose. There are four main types of cleft lip that involve
incomplete single and double clefts and also complete single and double clefts that cause
deformations completely into the child's nose. This can cause complications for the child to eat and
breathe properly, but a series of surgeries can fix this complication. The cleft lip is basically a split
in the lip of a baby that occurs on one side or both sides of the nostrils and if completely formed as a
cleft the splits will go all the way into a child's nose or nasal passage and cause damages to the roof
of the mouth (cleft palate). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In any case the molding does not work as properly as it should the cleft lip or palate may require
surgery, but will require drastically less surgeries that a baby that did not use the brace to help mold
the lips. For a child who has a cleft lip they prefer that the surgery is done between the age of 6
weeks and 1 year. For children who are born with a cleft palate they prefer that the surgery take
place between the ages of 6 months and 18 months. Due to children being very resilient and able to
heal quickly it is better that the surgeries get done before they are a lot older and have a lot more

Pediatric Plastic Surgery : Cleft Lips
Pediatric Plastic Surgery: Cleft Lips
Mary Elizabeth Barnes
English IV
25 September 2015
I plan on becoming a pediatric plastic surgeon after attending Southern Methodist University, and
medical school at UNiveristy of Texas at Austin. Cleft Lips are a huge problem among newborns no
matter where a doctor is in the world. They form in the wound and do not grow back together
naturally so the only way to fix it is surgery. Pediatric plastic surgeons can specialize in cleft lip
corrections helping many children along the way. A cleft lip, to be fixed, needs the lining of the
muscles in the lip to be surgically aligned. A cleft lip can form into a cleft palate extending all the
way to the roof of the mouth. There is one way to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So being able to help children born with cleft palates, deformities, and conjoinments is what I
essentially want to do. I plan to major in Biology or Biochemistry, and minor in business so I can
have my own practice one day. Then after undergrad, I want to go to University of Texas at Austin.
After all the school I have to take, I want to do a residency still at the University of Texas in Austin
to further my experience in the field. University of Texas has a very concise and fast track program
that I really think would benefit me and push me to the standard that I need to be at. Eventually, my
own practice is the goal and hopefully I can help children who NEED plastic surgery medically and
not just superficially; and that's why ten years from now society will appreciate plastic surgery in a
different way because of my contribution. I have shadowed something plastic surgery and getting
into that area of surgery would be exactly what I want to do.
Future Plan:
To get where I want to be, I have a multitude of classes that I will have to accomplish. At Southern
Methodist University, I will be enrolled in the Dedman College in biological sciences and it has
produced students who have moved on to Harvard Medical School. Moving on from Southern
Methodist University, University of Texas in Austin is where I plan to attend graduate medical
school. The UT at Austin Medical School has a partnership with Seton Healthcare which enables
with them to have specialized,

Cleft Palate Analysis
A cleft palate (CP) occurs during the embryonic stage of life and is a craniofacial malformation
(Masih et al., 2014). This oral malformation varies within babies as well as in severity. CP can range
from an opening at the back of the soft palate (the soft portion on the roof of the mouth), to a nearly
complete separation of the roof of the mouth (Masih et al., 2014). During the time of development
CP and cleft lip (CL) are results of the maxillary prominence not joining together with the
frontonasal properly (Mahboubi, Truong, & Pham, 2015). Reid et al. (2006) observed the feeding
difficulties in newborns with CP and CL, and found that in the babies up to 14 months of age, poor
feeding skills were a concern. A portion of the difficulties

Speech On Stuttering In School
As a child I suffered from severe stuttering. I came to America at the age of five therefore, English is
not my primary language. This made it difficult for me to learn English. I had the capacity to
develop abstract ideas and understood what was being told to me. I could not articulate what I
wanted to say. I didn't not have the ability to communicate with others around me. My stuttering was
so severe that it stunted my progress in learning English. The bullying I received in school caused
me to become mute for sometime. My perspective at that time was detrimentally negative. In my
mind if I am being bullied for the way I talk than why talk at all. My elementary school ended
putting me in ESOL and special needs classes. I did not apply myself in school at all and had a lot of
unpleasant behavioral incidents. People don't talk about this much, but I whole heartedly feel like
my school kept me in special needs classes because they receive funding for the amount of special
needs children they have. When I reached fourth grade my ESOL teacher looked at my FCAT scores
and fought for me to be put in a regular class. She motivated me to apply myself, which I did. They
eventually took me out of special needs, gave me more hours of ESOL and made me work with an
SLP. Overtime, my stuttering decreased tremendously. Now, when I get nervous my stuttering
comes through but not as much as before. In general the clip from A fish Called Wanda some what
shows an accurate depiction of how

The Importance Of Cleft Lip Repair In Children
If you were born with a cleft lip, then you may fear you will pass the gene that causes it onto your
child or even had an ultrasound that already detected that your child will be born with this condition.
First, realize that although researchers do suspect that a specific gene may be involved in cleft lip
development, not all parents with the condition do pass it on. However, if you already know your
child will be born with this condition or just want to be prepared if your child does inherit the
condition, read on to find out how cleft lip repair has advanced since you were a child and is now
easier and less traumatic than it was in the past.
Cleft Lip Repair in the 80s
If you went through cleft lip repair when you were a child and teenager, then you may remember it
being a long process involving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then, full reconstruction of all lip, nose, and face can be performed by a skilled kids plastic surgeon.
The great news is that for many children, this completely restores their appearance proper function
of their mouth, nose, and ears, and any additional tweaks to the lip and nose as your child grows are
often not needed, although every child

Overcoming Adversity
Overcoming adversity says a lot about a person. The adversity in life I have had to personally
overcome is a birth defect. I was born with a cleft lip which has caused me to have five procedures
from the ages of three months to sixteen years old. Not a day goes by where I'm not reminded of the
challenges I've had to overcome, because every time there is a mirror, I'm reminded by a scar upon
my face. As time has passed my attitude toward my misfortune has changed. When I was young, I
thought nothing about my scar. When I was introduced to new people at a young age and they began
to question my mark, I thought it just made me more unique. By the time I was a preeteen I became
more self–conscious about my face. With time and a sense of reality, I came to the conclusion that
we are all faced with adversity in life. The adversity that we must take on shapes us into the people
that we will one day become. If I had not been born with a cleft lip, I would most likely be less
appreciative for the fortunes in my life. I also would have less understanding in various situations.
My career choice has been chosen in hopes of helping children who have to go through obstacles at
a young age, dealing with speech and swallowing. Children with cleft lips and/or palates struggle
with the development of word pronunciation, and as a Speech Pathologist, I would get the
opportunity to help solve their problems. Another factor in my life I have learned from besides my
hardship, has been the

Essay about Scholarly Article Critique
Running head: SCHOLARLY ARTICLE CRITIQUE
Jennifer P. McCord
Scholarly Article Critique
Grand Canyon University
Scholarly Article Critique The problem as stated appeared to be of profound significance for
determining how to best benefit children with cleft type who have a learning disability in reading.
While this may be true, the study resonates that there are signs of inconclusiveness. To specifically
address shortcomings to the study, however, the stated problem was not clearly visible to an average
reader. The article required several readings to establish the direction the researchers were going
with the study. As well as, why the researchers felt this study needed to be done. Undoubtedly, it
was limited to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sample was generated from participants who volunteered. The participants represented males
and females ranging between the age of 8 and 13; 14 males and 10 females of each cleft type; and
matched them according to sex, age, IQ, and levels of reading ability. In order to be a participant,
the authors listed the following as criteria: the subject had to be reading at least one grade level
behind on the Wide Range Achievement Test, Average Full Scale IQ on the WISC, be within the
third to sixth grade in school, the evidence of cleft lip and palate or cleft palate only had to be
present with no other genetic syndromes or neurological anomalies which might be related to
intellectual or learning process, and no significant hearing loss at the time of testing. To review the
methodology in relation to the study, a substantially precise battery of neuropsychological tasks was
used to compile the data for this article. The list of neuropsychological tasks was inclusive of the
following assessments: * Reading Assessment – Standard Reading Inventory * WISC IQ – Full
scale, Verbal, Performance * Visual perception – Line Orientation, Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test
* Language Association – Word Fluency, Auditory Association, Picture Association * Auditory
Memory – Digits, Words, Sentences * Sentence Repetition * Digit Span: Forward and Backward *
Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test * Wide Range

Birth Defects Of Babies Are Serious Functional Or...
Birth defects in babies are serious functional or structural abnormalities that are present at birth in
3%("approximately 120,000"(Simeone 1104) ) of infants in the United States each year. There are
quite a few different types of defects that you may not even be able to see on the infant at first. It
could be something developmental that will only get worse as they get older. If you believe that
birth defects are only caused by women doing illegal drugs and drinking while pregnant, you're
wrong. It could be a complete genetic disorder that the baby has inherited or a chromosome problem
where the baby is missing even just a part or a whole chromosome and in some cases gains an extra.
Sometimes before the baby, is born you are able to do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It could be very mild and be solved with therapy, or there are some extreme cases that need surgery
as soon as the child is born. Spina Bifida is another common structural defect that is very serious
and it messes with spine. There is a three different types of spina bifida; the first type is
Myelomeningocele which is where the baby 's spine doesn't completely close. "With this condition,
a sac of fluid comes through an opening in the baby's back. Part of the spinal cord and nerves are in
this sac and are damaged. This type of spina bifida causes moderate to severe disabilities." (CDC)
The next type is meningocele this has some similarities to the first type with the sac but with this the
spine isn't in the sac, this type will only have some minor disabilities. The final type is Spina Bifida
Occulta which is the more mild out of the three. This is where there is only a small gap in the baby's
back with no sac. This is harder to find in infants usually is isn't even discovered until people are
young adults, not many disabilities are caused by this type. There is not only common structural
defects, but also developmental or functional defects. A well known type that affects the nervous
system is Down Syndrome. This is when people either have an extra piece on a chromosome or they
have a whole extra chromosome number 21. "It is the most common chromosomal cause of mild to
moderate intellectual disabilities. People

Cleft Lip And/Or Palate Case Study
and/or palate. Ottis Media can affect a child's ability to hear. Therefore, speech sound acquisition
can be difficult for children with cleft lip and/or palate. Eustachian tubes are typically needed in
children with cleft lip and/or palate to limit the number of ear infections and help drain the child's
ears (Chapman, Hardin–Jones, Halter, 2003). Swallowing Children with cleft lip and/or palate may
present with swallowing difficulties. Often if a child does not have the cleft palate diagnosis when
leaving the hospital, it will be brought to light by issues during feeding. Hanny et al., (2016) found
that children who are diagnosed with CP after leaving the hospital at birth are given the diagnosis
before they turned one year of age. The early

Cleft Lip/Palate
Cleft Lip/Palate
Definition:
According to MedicineNet, "cleft lip is an opening extending through the upper lip. It may be in the
midline, left, or right side of the lip. A cleft palate is an opening of the hard palate or the soft palate.
Similar to a cleft lip, a cleft palate may be midline or to either right of left side of the palate. A cleft
palate may extend from the upper jawbone to the rear of the throat. Since development of the lip and
palate occur at different times during gestation, an infant may have either a cleft lip or cleft palate or
clefting of both regions."
Causes:
Gender and ethnic background are risk factors
Other risk factors: exposure to certain substances, having diabetes, being obese
If the parents or other

Cleft Lip Pallet
Scientists have researched into the subject of CLP or cleft lip/ pallet. Their studies have shown that
in the United States of America, roughly 2,650 babies were born with cleft lip and roughly 4,440
babies were born with the cleft pallet with in the last year. 1/700 babies are affected by this
particular genetic disorder. (C. Murray) However, having this disorder does not make you more
likely to have another disorder. With numbers so high, that leaves the question of what is a cleft lip/
pallet. When a baby is developing, the face forms from either side of the head meeting together at
the center of the face. Cleft lip/ pallet happens when the two ends of facial tissue don't meet together
before the baby is born. This genetic disorder is very common but not fatal. (C. Murray) ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The opening can either be a very small slit or it can be very large. A cleft pallet is theoretically the
same idea just a little different. The cleft pallet happens when the tissue and muscle forming the roof
of the mouth doesn't fully touch before the baby is born leaving a hole or slit on the roof of the
mouth. (Facts about Cleft Lip...) In an article titled Facts about Cleft Lip/ Pallet it says, "Children
with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding
and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. They also might have hearing problems and
problems with their teeth" As you can see, the effects of cleft lip/ cleft pallet are not fatal but can
have a toll on the growth of the child and their

Congenital Birth Defect: Cleft Palate Essay examples
Cleft palate is a congenital birth defect. Treatment of cleft palate requires the interdisciplinary
efforts of a Cleft Palate/Craniofacial team, which includes speech–language pathologists and
dentists. Approximately fifty percent of individuals who suffer from cleft palate have been shown to
have disorders in speech and/or language, with the potential to benefit from treatment (LeDuc,
2008). Individuals with cleft palate may experience secondary disorders such as feeding and
suckling difficulties in infancy, facial deformities, hypernasality, and difficulty maintaining
sufficient intraoral pressure to properly produce pressure consonants. These problems can occur at
multiple stages as a child grows into adolescence and young ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The success of speech therapy intervention is dependent on successful surgical correction. The
authors note that postsurgical complications may include stiffness due to scar tissue decreasing the
flexibility of the velum, tethering of the velum, weakness of the velum, and shrinking of the velar
tissues. The authors also note the risk of malocclusion as the child grows and the palate continues to
grow and develop. Ibrahim, Kilpatrick, Reilly, and Vogel (2009) performed a comparative study of
the acoustic measures of hypernasality in the speech of school–aged children aged 2–14 years, some
with cleft lip/palate and others without cleft lip/palate. Ibrahim, Kilpatrick, Reilly, and Vogel (2009)
provided perceptual ratings of the hyper/hyponasality of vowel production in the children's speech.
Any child who was sick or had acquired an upper respiratory infection was excluded from the study,
as was any child with cleft lip/palate who also had any other disorders or comorbidities. The study
included a perceptual assessment in which two speech therapists were required to agree upon the
perception of the phonemes the child produced. Each child held and sustained two vowels, followed
by production of two CVC words without nasal phonemes. This process was repeated five times
with each child. The

Why Is Auggie Pullman A Good Role Model
In the marvelous book Wonder by R.J. Palacio the character August also known as Auggie Pullman
is a role model. The reasons why he is a role model is because he is smart, defended, and brave. Be
prepared to see why Auggie Pullman is a magnificent role model. The very first reason why Auggie
is a role model is because he's smart. For example, Auggie made it onto the high honor roll. He got
on the high honor roll because he is an A+ student. Another reason why Auggie is smart is because
when he was younger he got an astronaut helmet from Miranda (Via's friend). He wore the helmet
everyday to hide his face from people. Auggie Pullman is very smart and, because he is smart that is
one reason why he is a great role model. Auggie is a role model

Cleft Lip And Palate Essay
Cleft lip and/or palate are facial and oral malformations that develop during the 1st trimester in
pregnancy. There are three possible conditions that can occur alone or even as part of a genetic
condition or syndrome. These include cleft lip, cleft palate, and cleft lip with palate. The diagnosis
of this condition is sometimes extremely different for parents to hear and the implications of how
the parents react can sometimes negatively affect how the baby develops. The research behind this
article places the importance on the father's role of development and how they cope with diagnosis
since mother's are normally the focus. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of the timing
of diagnosis (prenatal vs. postnatal) of cleft lip and/or palate and how this corresponds with how
fathers emotionally attach themselves to their infants. Parents who receive this diagnosis might
influence their child's psychological functioning and this study discusses major similar themes that
emerge with each family. Identifying which timing of diagnosis is better for parents will allow for a
brighter future for a baby born with cleft. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I found it extremely interesting how one father reported his child was actually misdiagnosed as
having Trisomy 18 and the doctor recommended abortion. He luckily sought out a second opinion
and his child was correctly diagnosed. During the first few weeks of class we discussed team
approaches and things that were important to review with parents before they leave the hospital with
their baby. These things revolve around the specific themes this research article found in almost
every father who participated. An SLP could use this information to ensure a family–centered
approach is being used in therapy as well as giving the parents proper consultation with a
professional who deals with coping

Hard Palate
"The first trimester is one of the most important stages of pregnancy", according to Understanding
the Stages of Pregnancy. Along with the mother's body changes, the baby is also developing in the
womb. Although each stage of pregnancy is important, the first trimester is looked at closely. The
first trimester is considered to be from zero to twelve weeks. During this period the mouth is under–
going the developing stage. This will aide in determining if the baby will have difficulties within the
mouth region. "The soft and the hard palate are formed together by the primary and secondary
palates. These palates form a Y–shaped pattern at the roof of the mouth which continues to fuse."
(Bird and Robinson, 2015. P.87). One disturbance that may ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Within the fifth and the eighth weeks of prenatal development, the hard and the soft palate are
formed. If the palate is not yet formed, this is a cleft or/and palate. The signs of a child having a cleft
lip or/and palate is that the forehead can be overhanging. The lower jaw may take longer to develop.
When the child is born, there are many effects. The child has difficulties with eating, speaking, and
also breathing. With the excessive opening of the nostril, the child is more prone to frequent and
reoccurring ear infections. The nasal cavity is advised to be cleaned thoroughly and covered ever so
often. These ear infections can possibly cause hearing loss. When feeding the child, the cleft lip or
palate prevents effective suction. Small but frequent feedings maybe considered. This will help the
child get the nutrients and enough satisfaction. The child will also have difficulties with speech. This
may cause slurring of the words and incorrect pronunciation. Irregular positioning of the mouth,
malformed of the teeth structure and missing teeth can occur in the cleft lip or palate. Fluoride
treatments, frequent cleaning and good health will aide in bettering the teeth

Cleft Lip And Palate Research Paper
Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment Cleft lip and palate is an abnormal formation of the orofacial part
which causes an opening in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth. (1) Cleft lip and palate is a
birth defect, and it affects 1–2 of 1000 babies. (2) Furthermore, the process of treating a patient with
cleft lip and palate is essential to improve his/her physical and psychological health. Although
people know that cleft lip and palate is easily treated, it has four complex stages surgical treatment,
treat hearing problems, speech therapy, and dental treatment. As soon as cleft lip and palate baby
reaches 3–6 months old, a surgery for repairing the opening in the upper lip is a significant. (3) The
operation starts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, the connection between the muscles in the palate and the middle ear is not perfectly
strong, as result, the ear builds up fluids, and the child will have struggles with hearing. Generally,
doctors insert tiny plastic tubes to remove the excessive amount of fluid in the middle ear or by
using hearing aids. As a matter of fact, speech therapy is indispensable to rise patients' confident and
encourage them to connect with others. Speech and language therapist monitors child's language by
using various methods. For instance, having conversations with patients, pronouncing letters
assignments, and blowing balloons to reduce airflow through the child's mouth. The therapy will
continue until they are fully grown and capable to speak clearly. When patients are 6 years old,
dental and orthodontic treatment take a place. Dental treatment is necessary due to the lack of one or
two teeth in the upper row of his/her gum, and it is important to treat tooth decay. Likewise,
Orthodontic treatment helps to improve the appearance of teeth and straighten by using braces and
other dental

My Daughter has Taught Me Anything Is Possible Essay example
On March 14 of last year, my husband and I welcomed our beautiful little girl into the world. It was
not an ideal arrival, and we certainly were not prepared for the inevitable chain of events that would
occur. I remember the setting with such clarity and precision that it seems somehow unreal; a
figment of an overactive imagination. It was around 11:20PM and I had been in labor for 17 hours.
We were anxiously awaiting the moment we would finally get to meet our little girl. At 11:46PM,
the doctor told me to give one more big push. I was so exhausted but determined to do my best,
there was a reward at the end of this marathon. A nurse pushed my husband out of the way and
jumped on top of my stomach. It was such a dramatic event, it seemed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
I had a lump in my throat, my stomach was all in knots and I was fighting back the urge to scream
with rage. My husband and I knew our daughter would have a cleft lip from an ultrasound I had at
thirty two weeks pregnant, we did not know the extent of the birth defect. We also knew what an
imperforated anus was. His brother was born with a rare association, VATER's. It is an acronym for
a variety of birth defects. "V" for vertebrae, "A" for anal imperforation, "T" for trachea and "R" for
renal. We both assumed our daughter had this as well, even though statistics state it was less than a
one percent chance of being a genetic disease. His brother had twenty two surgeries before his
second birthday, so I knew we were in for a long road. I was so upset, I couldn't believe this was
happening to us, to my sweet new baby girl. I kept asking God, "Why her? Why would you subject
such a sweet innocent child to this? Isn't putting Josh (my husband's brother) through this enough?"
I knew I had to make a choice, I could be bitter or I could be strong for my daughter. I chose
strength and asked my husband to please meet the care flight team at OU Children's hospital. I
stayed up and prayed all night for my sweet angel. The next morning, I was discharged from
Norman Regional hospital. My doctor completely understood

August Pullman's Report
August Pullman, a 10 year old boy living in North River Heights In Manhattan, has had 27 surgeries
causing his face to look different from the rest. Throughout his whole life he has been homeschooled
by his mom, Isabel. His parents want him to experience what it's like to go to school and make
friends, so they secretly register him for Beecher Prep Middle School. August's sister, Via, who is
going into highschool encourages Auggie to go to school, but he doesn't want to. Before the first day
of school, they take August to the school for a tour. He is greeted by three kids, Jack, Julian, and
Charlotte. After taking the tour, August doesn't want to go, due to the fact that Julian kept
questioning him about his face. Auggie finally makes the decision ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On the first day at lunch Auggie sits at an empty table and a girl named Summer ends up joining
him. She says hi and they become friends instantly. On halloween Auggie was excited to where his
Boba Fett costume but changes his mind and wears his bloody scream costume. As he walks in the
school he doesn't feel mad at all because no one is staring at him. His face is covered with mask and
no one knows it is him. He walks into his homeroom and sees Jack talking with a couple of other
people. He gets close to hear what they are saying only to realize they are talking about him. He
hears Jack saying that Jack was only his friend because the principal said to be. Auggie runs out of
the room crying and goes straight home. The next day at the lunch table he tells Summer everything
and ignores Jack that day. August decided to take a couple days off of school so Summer gives Jack
a clue on why Auggie is ignoring him. After days of thinking it through Jack finally understands the
clue meaning and feels very bad. After Julian tries to convince Jack to ditch Auggie, Jack punches
him in the face. Many emails later, Auggie forgives Jack and Julian turns against

Cleft Lip Research Paper
Oral Clefts Leslie Adams West Coast University Abstract A lack of fusion from the nasal and
maxillary processes that form the upper lip is considered to a cleft lip (Damjanov, 2012). Cleft lip
can be from air pollution, nitrate intake from water, prenatal smoking, diabetes, and medications.
Trisomy 13 and 18, Van der Woude syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome and Median facial
dysplasia are common syndromes that cleft lip is associated with (Venkatesh 2009). An increase of
O3 can possibly cause birth defects, if women were exposed to much to O3 during the first and
second months of pregnancy (Hwang, 2008, p. 1415). An increase of nitrates from water may also
help cause a cleft lip (Brender, 2013). Cleft lip is considered to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This study was taken from an estimation of nitrate consumption, 3,300 cases had a defect while
1,121 were controlled cases without a defect (Brender, 2013, p. 1083). "Previous associations
observed between birth defects and nitrates in drinking water were often observed at levels below
the current allowable maximum contaminant level for nitrate set by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency" (Brender, 2013, 1083). Brender states, when nitrates are ingested twenty–five
percent of nitrates are secreted in saliva, which increases the risk in the first trimester with mothers
that are not in the control group for cleft lip (2013, p. 1083). "A significant linear trend was
observed for only cleft lip in relation to measure nitrates in drinking water among offspring of
women who reported drinking municipal water" (Brender , 2013, p. 1086). It is a high possibility
that the more nitrate intake women get the higher of a risk it is for a cleft lip to occur in the child
(Brender,

Lip Tie Research Paper
Upper lip tie is when the upper lip is fused to the upper gum to a degree that the upper lip is
prevented from flaring out or curling–a movement that is necessary for breast feeding. While it's
common for infants to exhibit some degree of upper lip tie without it affecting their ability to suckle,
there are many infants that suffer with more serious cases that prevent them from feeding all
together. As a top–rated children's dentist in Anchorage, AK, Alaska Dentistry for Kids specializes
in laser lip and tongue tie treatment that is an effective method to helping infants during their first
months of life. The laser lip and tongue tie treatment offered by Alaska Dentistry for Kids is a
straightforward procedure that will yield same–day results.

Helping Children with Cleft Lips or Cleft Paletes
Cleft lip and cleft palate are abnormal deformities that develop before the embryo is born from the
mother's womb. Cleft lip is considered a gap in the skin of the upper lip, and a cleft palate is an
opening in the roof of the mouth, which in certain occasions can also affect other areas of the face in
newborns. Such areas are the nose, ears, forehead and eyes. Clefts deformities can be identified
through prenatal ultrasounds on unborn babies. In those newborn infants they can be seen once baby
is born. A physical exam can diagnose the Orofacial malformations. According to present studies,
these Orofacial malformations are the second most common birth defect recorded in live births.
Cleft lips, with or without palate, are defects that are separated into groups such as, cleft lip, and
cleft lip with cleft palate, but are studied as an individual group since they commonly share similar
pathogenesis. According to Genisca, it was stated that these Orofacial malformations in newborns
are completely unrelated to other major birth malfunctions or any genetical disorders. These
malformations can attribute to different factors such as, race or gender of the babies, and mothers
age at the time of delivery. Genisca states that, "Previous work has consistently shown a lower birth
prevalence of Orofacial clefts among non–Hispanic Blacks, compared to non–Hispanic Whites.
(Genisca 2009, 1) Also, another important fact that was revealed in one study was an association
between Orofacial

Madison Avenue Helps The Needy By Brian Mullany Analysis
Madison Avenue Helps the Needy (Ch. 12) Brian Mullaney was very wealthy, had everything he
could've wanted, but he wanted to give his life purpose. He got involved with reconstructive surgery
for disfigured children. He realized how easy it was to fix a cleft lip and how it changed a person's
life, so he became a part of the Operation Smile charity which helped fix cleft lips around the world.
It was pretty much a waste of money to fly American doctors across the world for one week of
surgeries, so Mullaney got together with Charles Wang and started Smile Trian which helped pay
local doctors to do the simple surgery instead for much less. He did a lot of fundraising and research
on his own results, such as know the places that donated the most, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He opened Greyston Bakery that hired homeless people who wanted a job; any and everyone were
welcome. As long as they worked hard and well the could stay. He believed that for–profit
companies could have as much impact, if not more, as nonprofit. Ben and Jerry, cofounders of Ben
and Jerry's Ice Cream, wanted to join up with Greyston and have they try to become their supplier of
brownie wafers for ice cream bars. Glassman worked very hard to get the taste Ben and Jerry were
looking for an saw so much opportunity for people if he could do so, so he very gave up trying to
get the exact taste they needed. After a tip from his friend, he helped create the famous Chocolate
Fudge Brownie ice cream. He then started a foundation that operates 300 housing units for the
homeless and he has given 150 people jobs as well. Greyston has given people second chances in
life and opportunity and hope. Kreece Fuchs founded Better World Books and it helped people
struggling with money simply sell their books online for a fair

Symbolism In The Kite Runner
The Kite Runner is a historical fiction novel written in 2003 by author Khaled Hosseini. Set in
Kabul Afghanistan, we follow the footsteps of characters and the hardships and challenges they face.
Hosseini utilizes multiple symbols to shape the reader's reaction towards the teetering relationships
within the novel. Symbols such as a bear, pomegranate tree and a cleft help show the importance of
different relationships. Hosseini utilizes the symbol of a bear to convey the influence of father and
son relationships. Amir's father, Baba, is frequently mentioned in Afghan lore. It is said that Baba
had once wrestled a black bear in Baluchistan with his bare hands. In a dream Amir had, he "could
never tell Baba from the bear" which highlights the feelings Amir has towards his father. Baba
follows the qualities of a bear and comes off as aggressive and dangerous in Amir's perception. Baba
does not see Amir as his son. Amir fears his father and attempts to do everything in his power to win
Baba's love. This leads to Amir eavesdropping on a conversation Baba is having with Rahim Khan
about him. Amir overhears Baba say "if I didn't see the doctor pull him out of my wife with my own
eyes, I'd never believe he's my own son" which shows that Baba is disappointed in Amir. Amir is
scared of his father because Baba doesn't accept him for who he is. Baba influences Amir in a way
that makes him alter his behaviour to make Baba proud. The reader feels disappointed in the father
and son

Research Paper On Cleft Lip And Palate
Cleft Lip and Palate A cleft lip is a split in the upper lip, and this split can be on only one side of the
lip or on both sides. Cleft lips sometimes happen alone, while other times happen along with a cleft
palate. A cleft palate is a split in the hard and/or soft palate. These conditions are often not seen until
the baby is born. Because a split in the palate is not always detected right away, these babies will
have trouble with feedings and only then will the condition be seen. A cleft lip or palate alone is the
most common defect a baby is born with in this country. Surgeons repair the cleft lip/palate, and the
child may need to see a speech language pathologist if feeding help is needed or if their speech is
affected by the cleft. The reason this birth defect interests me is because I have a younger brother
who was born with a cleft lip. He is now fourteen years old and has had two surgeries as a baby plus
orthodontic care to help correct the problems caused by the cleft lip.
Dizziness and Vertigo ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A person who is experiencing dizziness usually feels unsteady, and nausea, vomiting, and heart rate
or blood pressure changes may accompany the condition. One type of dizziness is called vertigo,
and a person experiencing vertigo often feels that the room around him is spinning. I was especially
interested in reading about dizziness because although it doesn't happen to me often, it happens to
everyone at some point or

Cleft Lip And Palate
Senior Paper: Cleft Lip and Palate The power to change someone's life is right in our own hands.
There's needs for children that we can reach. Cleft lip and palate children need the support from the
community, family, friends, and from the medical professionals. The improvements for support is
crucial to a better future.
What I Knew The knowledge I had of this topic was minimal. My family was affected by the birth
defect, cleft lip/palate; my nephew, Sawyer, (6 months old), and my older sister (21 years old). I
knew the differences between their birth defects. Sawyer's had what is known as a bilateral cleft lip
and palate. Erica had a cleft lip, with no palate involved. Sawyer's had a much more severe birth
defect than Erica's. I was aware, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are some unsure conclusions behind the cause for cleft lip. The finding that doctors, and cleft
lip and palate teams have found are if the mom smoked or used drugs while pregnant (Johansson).
The hereditary theory of cleft lip and palate is the unsure thing about what could be one of the
causes. According to the journal article, "Parent's Experiences of Having a Child with Cleft Lip and
Palate", the causes, besides the mom smoking/using drugs, are stated to be unknown. On the other
end of the spectrum, there are the effects of having cleft lip or palate. The most common effect for
these babies are hearing loss and hardness of speech (Johansson). The effect of hearing loss and
hardness of speech requires the child to go through therapy and surgeries to help improve those
senses. Cleft babies usually have a hyper nasal tone to their voice because of impaired functioning
of their mouth and muscles (Johansson). The surgeries that are given to the cleft babies to help them,
are given to them when they are 3–4 months to in their young child years. The hours put into the
surgery and the age when they receive the surgery, all depends on how sever the cleft lip and/or
palate is. A problem that occurs all along before the surgery occurs is feeding. The suction that the
baby needs to feed is impaired and very difficult to figure out. Majority of the babies adapt to this
lifestyle and learn quickly, but unfortunately right when they figure it out, is usually when the
surgery comes. After the surgery, the suction they learned prior, is not the same and the learning
process to feed starts all over again. There is much optimism for the future of cleft lip and palate
babies. There's ways for the negative effects to be pushed aside and continue on with the support
and help you need. There is good in the future for all of these cleft

Cleft Palate
Cleft lip and/or cleft palate are group of conditions that include cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP) or
both (1). Cleft lip alone and combined cleft lip and palate defects are twice as common in males as
females, while cleft palate alone is more common in females (2). Cleft Lip and/or Palate conditions
are the most common facial birth defects which occur in all races, both sexes and all socioeconomic
groups and their distribution vary from country to country and they account for 65% of all head and
neck anomalies (3). They occur at a prevalence of approximately 0.9 per 1000 live birth;
nevertheless this prevalence is varying according to geographic location, ethnic group, and
socioeconomic conditions (3). In Sudan the prevalence was

A Brief Note On Cleft Lip And Cleft Palate
A cleft can be defined as a "split or separation". According to the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, approximately 2,650 babies are born each year in the United States with a cleft palate
and "it is estimated that 4,440 babies are born with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate (Facts
about Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate)." Cleft lip and palate are congenital birth defects which could lead
to problems with feeding, breathing, hearing, speaking and language development. Many of the
causes of cleft lip and palates are unknown, but there are various factors that may increase the
chance of having a child with a cleft palate with or without a cleft lip. There are various treatments
and services available to, potentially, help ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A more severe case of this unilateral cleft is called a complete unilateral cleft lip and the cleft is on
one side of the upper lip, extending up into the nose. Similarly, an incomplete bilateral cleft lip is
like the incomplete unilateral cleft lip, but the cleft is present on both sides of the upper lip and does
not extend into the nose. And lastly, the complete bilateral cleft lip is when there is a cleft on both
sides of the upper lip and this cleft extends into the nose (Cleft Lip and Palate). The tissues that form
the palate join together slightly later than the lips, between the sixth and ninth week of pregnancy. A
cleft palate occurs when the tissues that form the palate do not fully join together during pregnancy,
which either leaves an opening in part of the palate, or in some cases, the entire palate is left open
(Facts about Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate). An incomplete cleft palate is the name for a cleft that is in
the soft palate, while a complete cleft palate is the name for when "both the hard and soft palates are
affected and the mouth and nose cavities are exposed to each other." Lastly, the submucous cleft
palate involves a cleft in the hard and/or soft palate, but the cleft is covered by the mucous
membrane which lines the roof of the mouth (Cleft Lip and Palate). This submucous cleft palate
"often goes unnoticed at birth and may not be diagnosed until later when symptoms develop (Cleft
lip and

Compare And Contrast Cleft Lip And Palate
Every child born into the world is a new thought of God, an ever–fresh and radiant possibility (Kate
Douglas Wiggin). However those possibilities are limited when a child is born with a birth defect
such as a cleft palate. Cleft lip and cleft palate are a dangerous birth defect that presents difficulty
with breathing, and can cause death. The cleft lip and palate is when a part of the lip or roof of the
mouth doesn't form correctly. Cleft lip is an upper lip that is not properly formed. It affects the way
the teeth grow. The cleft palate is a gap that is in the roof of the palate. The palate affects the speech
and feeding of the baby. The tissues that make up the face combine with the tissues that make up the
lip, sometime the parent pass genes and cause it which is family history. Another cause is the ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cleft lip and palate is not new this has been going for years and years. This disease is most common
to Native Americans and African Americans. The cleft lip and palate cause many health problems
such as hearing, the forming of teeth, and speech problems. Fortunately the Seattle Children's
Hospital helps defeat cleft lip and palate. Researches are working hard to decrease the number of
children with cleft lip and palate. Doctors and scientist in Seattle Children's Craniofacial Center are
studying isolated cleft lip and palate and complex conditions that cause gaps in part of the face or
head and solutions to the cleft lip. This organization provides a speech pathologist to help children
with their speech after the surgery, because the palate muscles and causes problems with the
pronunciation with words. Children's Craniofacial Center also gives surgery repair. This

The Possible Causes of Cleft Lip and Palate
Cleft lip and/or palate is a condition where the tissue of the lip did not completely close during
embryotic formation that affects 1 in 700 people born. Though not immediately fatal, the disorder
can cause complications with consuming and speech that could lead to more serious problems. The
only way to fix the gap is to surgically go in and sew the two sides of the lip/palate together; this is a
comparable easier and faster solution than other solutions out there for different disorders. Many
people who get the surgery recover fine, have slight physical differences, and are able to succeed in
society like anyone else (condition does not hinder mental state or ability drastically). This condition
has many different phenotypes that fall in two categories, unilateral cleft and bilateral cleft (Dixon et
al., 2011). In a unilateral cleft, only one side of the palate or lip is affected (asymmetrical) while in a
bilateral cleft, both sides are affected usually in a symmetric pattern. Because of the large range of
phenotypes, it is very difficult to trace back to certain genes and factors and figure out how these
factors together influence the expression of the trait. Cleft lip and/or palate can be expressed by
itself, called non–syndromic, or with other conditions including Kabuki syndrome, called syndromic
(Dixon et al., 2011). Depending on the type of disorder, this condition is caused by different
chromosomes and mutations on these chromosomes. For example, if it is indeed

Cleft Palate Research Paper
A cleft lip is an opening or split in the upper lip that occurs when developing facial structures in an
unborn baby that doesn't close completely.
A baby with a cleft lip may also experience a cleft in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate).
Less commonly, a cleft occurs only in the muscles of the soft palate (submucuous palate), which are
at the back of the mouth and covered by the mouth's lining. This type of cleft often often goes
unnoticed at birth and may not be diagnosed until later when signs develop.
Usually, a split (cleft) in the lip or palate is immediately identifiable at birth. Cleft lip and cleft
palate appear as:
A split (cleft) in the lip and the roof of the mouth (palate) that can affect both or one sides of the
mouth.
A split in the lip ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nasal speaking voice
Chronic ear infections
Cleft lip and cleft palate occurs when tissues in the baby's face and mouth don't fuse properly.
Normally, the tissues that make up the lip and palate fuse together in the second and third months of
pregnancy. But in babies with cleft lip and cleft palate, the fusion never takes place or occurs only
part way, leaving an opening (cleft).
Most scientists believe clefts are due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There
appears to be a greater chance of clefting in a newborn id a sibling, parent or relatives has had the
problem.
Another potential cause may be related to a medication a mother may have taken during the
pregnancy. Some drugs may cause cleft lip and cleft palate. Among them: anti–
seizure/anticonvulsant drugs, acne drugs containing accutane, and methotrexate, a drug commonly
used for treating cancer, arthritis, and psoriasis.
Cleft lip and cleft palate may also occur as a result of exposure to viruses and chemicals while the
fetus is developing in the womb.
In other situations, cleft lip and cleft palate may be part of another

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Cleft Lip And Palate

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