1. Monday, September 27, 2010 Inkster High School Integrated Science: Mrs. Gall Hours 1 and 2

3. Which are examples of constant velocity? Gravity, a toy car on a ramp, a book still on a table, a hockey puck sliding across ice, a NASCAR pace car... constant velocity? acceleration? ACCELERATION OCCURS WHEN SPEED OR DIRECTION OF SPEED ARE CHANGING. IF POSITION CHANGES BUT NOT DIRECTION OR SPEED (RATE OF CHANGE) YOU’VE GOT CONSTANT VELOCITY... GRAVITY: acceleration (not constant velocity) toy car on ramp: not const. veloc. book- sitting still on table: CONSTANT VELOCITY HOCKEY PUCK: CONSTANT VELOCITY IF THERE IS NO FRICTION NASCAR PACE CAR: CONST. VELOC. UNLESS DIRECTION CHANGES

8. Standard: Motion of Objects is an introduction to the topic, which will be further developed in Standard: Forces and Motion. Rate indicates how fast something happens or how much something changes in a given period of time (elapsed time). Motion is described by the rates of speed, velocity, and acceleration. Speed is the rate at which an object is moving, or the total distance covered over a time interval. Given a specified time interval (e.g., one hour), the distance covered is proportional to the speed. If the amount of time is constant and speed increases, the distance traveled will increase. If time is constant, distance covered is proportional to rate. If time is constant and the rate increases, distances traveled will increase.

9. Standard: Motion of Objects is an intro Rate =how fast somethg happens = how much it chgs in a period of time (elapsed time ). Motion is descrb’d by the rates of speed, velocity , and acceleration. Speed = rate of object moving ... OR total distance / time interval. In a time interval (ex: one hour), distance covered is proportional (?) to speed. If amt of time is same & speed incr’s , the dist . travel’d will incr . If time is const., dist . is prop. (?) to rate . If time is const. & rate incr , dist ’s traveled will incr. for example...

12. Standard: Motion of Objects is an intro Rate =how fast somethg happens = how much it chgs in a period of time (elapsed time ). Motion is descrb’d by the rates of speed, velocity , and acceleration. Speed = rate of object moving ... OR total distance / time interval. In a time interval (ex: one hour), distance covered is proportional (?) to speed. If amt of time is same & speed incr’s , the dist . travel’d will incr . If time is const., dist . is prop. (?) to rate . If time is const. & rate incr , dist ’s traveled will incr. for example...

13. main ideas...

16. Velocity is the speed of an object in a given direction. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes (either a change in speed or a change in direction). The change in speed can be either an increase or a decrease (negative acceleration or deceleration). Speed and distance are scalar (a quantity that can be added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided like an ordinary number). Velocity and acceleration are considered vector quantities, because they take the direction of the motion into account in addition to magnitude. They cannot simply be treated as an ordinary number. Displacement (the true measure from the starting point to the ending point rather than the actual distance traveled) is also considered a vector quantity.

19. For example, if a person walks around a square city block and comes back to the starting point, the distance is 4 blocks and the displacement is 0. The use of the terms vector and scalar should be applied to distinguish between the vector quantities of displacement, velocity, and acceleration and the scalar quantities of distance and speed. Motion can be described by a change in position relative to a point of reference. The motion of an object can be described by its speed and the direction it is moving. The position and speed of an object can be measured and graphed as a function of time.

22. Motion can be classified as one-dimensional, two-dimensional, circular, or periodic. One-dimensional motion is movement of an object in a straight line. Two-dimensional motion is the movement of a projectile with both horizontal and vertical components. Circular motion is movement of an object a given distance around a single point. Rotation is the spinning of an object when it turns about its internal axis. Revolution is the motion of an object as it turns (circles) around an external axis. For example, the spinning of the Earth is rotation (takes 24 hours), while the Earth circling the Sun is revolution (takes 365.25 days). Periodic motion is back-and-forth movement of an object, such as a pendulum.

24. Force is a push or pull. Action force is the original force. Reaction force is the opposite and equal force. Gravitational force is dependent upon an object’s mass. Centripetal force combined with inertia causes objects to travel in a circular path.