MOTION
Level Middle Students
By Subhash Jain

WHAT IS MOTION?
 In physics, motion is a change in position of an object with
respect to time and its reference point. Motion is typically
described in terms of displacement, direction, velocity,
acceleration, and time.
• Start and end position?
• Movement relative to what?
• How far did it go? And in what direction did it go?
B A20 m 15 m 10 m 5 m 0
20 sec 15 sec 10 sec 5 sec 0 sec

WHAT IS SPEED?
Speed is the distance an object travels in a
certain amount of time.
To calculate speed, you use the following
formula:
Total Distance covered (d)
Speed (v) = -----------------------------------
Total Time taken (t)
eg. Suppose the horse ran 20 m in 20 sec. What is the speed of horse?
20 – 0 = 20 m
Speed (v) = -------------------- = 1 m/sec
20 – 0 = 20 sec

GRAPH THE FOLLOWING DATA
 00
 05
 10
 15
 20
 00
 05
 10
 15
 20
Distance in meter
Time in second
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 5 10 15 20 25
Distanceinmeter
Time in second

VELOCITY
Velocity is the speed of an object, but the direction is also included. It is
calculated the same as speed, but you must include a direction in your
answer.
Example: the bass boat is moving 100 km / h toward the north.
North
 Indicate which of the following are velocities:
a. 125 cm/sec
b. 30 km/h northwest
c. 350m/sec north
d. 520 km/h