nutraceuticles, edible flowers, flowers used as a medicine and different ornamental plants with medicinal importance, value addition of ornamental plants are mentioned

1. Greek Physician Hippocrates,
Known as father of Medicine.
(said several centuries ago)
“Let Food be Your Medicine”
The Philosophy behind is . . . . . . . . . .
“Focus on Prevention”

2. CREDIT SEMINAR
ON
APARNA.V
M.Sc I Yr (Horticulture),
Roll No. 5003
Recent Advances in
neutraceutical and value addition
in ornamental horticulture
Indian Agricultural Research Institute
New Delhi - 110 012

3. “Neutraceutical ”“Nutrition” & “Pharmaceutical” in 1989
Stephen DeFelice (M.D, Founder of FIM)
“ A food or part of food or nutrient, that provides health
benefits, including the prevention and treatment of a
disease.”
AAPS Pharma sci,2003
A Neutraceutical is a product isolated from foods but
sold in powders, pills and other medicinal forms not
generally associated with food and is demonstrated to
have physiological benefits or provide protection
against chronic diseases.
(Health Canada, 1998)

6. Insecticidal,
Nematicidal
components
Pharmaceuti
cals,
Neutraceutic
als
Essential oils
Flavors
Fragrances
Aromothera
py
Pigments
&
Natural dyes
Garlands , venis
Bouquits, flower
arrangements
Artificial
coloring
Aqua packing
3D window
packing
Special sleeve
for packing of
pot plants
Dry flowers ,Pot
purees

7. •Aromatic compounds of edible flowers of ornamental plants
•Nutritional and sensory importance : pollen, nectar, petals
& other parts
•Color of ornamentals relationship with human nutrition
•Antioxidant effect of edible flowers of ornamentals plants
Jiri et al.,2011
Edible flowers of ornamentals : Source of
Neutraceutical

8. Plant Medicinal Importance
Begonia
tuberhybrida
Antiphlogistic,antispasmodic,astringent,ophthalmic,poultice,stomachic
Agastache
foenicum
Cardiac ,diaphoretic ,pectoral ,poultice
Calendula
officinal's
Antiphlogistic,antiseptic,antipasmodic,aperient,diaphoric,homeopathy
Viola
wittrockiana
Skin ,phytotherapy
Chrysanthemum
sps
Expectorant, purgative,stomachic,veneral diseases
Syringa vulgaris Ant periodic ,febrifuge ,laxative, sedative
Tulipa sps Antidote,antipyretic,antimicrbial,cancer,depurative,expectorant,febrifuge,la
xative
Dianthus ,antipasmodic,cardiotanic,diaphoretitic,arthelmintic,dieuretic ,haemostatic
,ophthalmic
Hemarocallis Anydone,laxative,ophthalmic,antidote,antispasmodic,bloodpurifier,cancer,
diuretic
Tagetes sps Antimicrobial,,carminatve,digestive,opthalmic,diuretic ,digestive
,sedative,stomachic,febrifuge
Tropaelum majus Antimicrobial,antipyretic,cancer,depurative,expectorate,febrifuse,laxative

9. Improvement for high fat diet-induced hepatic
injuries and oxidative stress by flavonoid-
enriched extract from Nelumbo nucifera leaf
• Leaf extract of Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract
• High fat diet induction for causing hyperlipidemia,
hypercholesterolemia ,fatty liver in hamster
• Comparative study of NLE with lipid lowering drugs
silymarin and simvastatin
Ming-ching etal,2009
Significant effect on lipid per
oxidation

10. Equal effect of NLE like drugs on liver lipids
Effect of NLE Triglycerides &t total
cholesterol l content in plasma
H&E staining of liver tissuefor observing lipid vesicles
NLE leaf extract is effective against
cardio vascular diseases, steatosis,
Hepato carcinoma, kidney
disorders it is an effective anti
oxidant as well
Ming-ching etal,2009
Contd…..

11. Edible flowers of new crops with
potential health benefits
H.Friedman et al,2007
• Begonia
• The cultivars with an acceptable taste were selected
• Charecterization:Yield ,post harvest performance,anti-oxidant levels
Fig. Effect of cultivation under the
protected structures Comparison of
Begonia semperflorens with B.elatior
Fig. B.elatior cultivars of 2 colors
red & pink evaluated for each
storage treatments

12. H.Friedman et al,2007
• Begonia have good medicinal properties like
Antispasmodic, astringent, ophthalmic,
stomachic
• Yield of begonia elatior can be increased by long
day treatment
• Storage life of flowers can be increased and
anthocyanin levels can be protected by PET
packing
Flower stage
with storage
Anti-oxidant
activity(micro.
MTE /g
Anthocyanin(O.
D 520/gDW)
Acid content%
(citric acid
equivalent)
Open flowers B.S 11.1+_2.5 0.37+_.06 1.58+_.07
Open flowers A.S 11.2+_0.9 0.23+_.09 1.97+_.04
Closed Flowers B.S 21.1+_2 0.7+_.06 1.9+_.05
Closed flowers A.S 20.8+_1.7 0.35+_.02 108+_0.12

13. Sunita et al., 2010
Material Conc. Of
extract
(mg/ml)
Retention
time
(mins)
Peak
area
Yeild
(%w/w
)
% purity
(w/w)
Lutein extract
(with enzyme)
100 4.11 15130 9.6 35.3
Lutein
extract(without
enzyme)
100 4.13 89430 5.2 24.48
Ingredient –Dried petals
Solvent –Tetra hydro furan(50ml/5g)+ 20% Methanolic
KOH ,Enzymes- Cellulose ,Pectinase -0.05%w/v
Temp 40-50 ◦C

14. Production of luetin & purity is more in enzymatic extraction
Sunita et al., 2010

15.  Explant: leaf (Charleston)
 Temp. : 24 ± 1oC
 rpm: 80 (reciprocal shaker)
 Photoperiod: 14/10 h (light/dark)
 Major pigment: cyanidin 3-glucoside
 Max. anthocyanin yield: EM medium
+ 6% sucrose + UV-B + white light
 Balance between endo-and
exogenous auxin and cytokinin:
essential for callus formation
 AN accumulation: dependent on
light
Hennayake et al., 2006
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Suspension
Culture of Rosa hybrida

16. A. Effects of media components and sugar concentrations under
different light conditions on the anthocyanin biosynthesis in cell
cultures of rose.
B. Light-induced expression of putative anthocyanin biosynthesis
related genes (rhcDFR, rhcANS, and rhcUF3GT) in cultured cells after
one-week exposure to different light treatment.
A. B.
Contd…

17. Wines from flowers
E.g.: dandelion ,rose,hibiscus,cactus,coreopsis,
Honeysuckle, white or red clover
1.hotwater extraction
2.Direct heat extraction
3.fermentation extraction
Herbal Tea From Flowers:
From different parts of ornamentals-flower ,seeds ,leaves, roots etc
E.g.; Rose, Hibiscus ,Corchorus ,Calendula ,Tagetes, Nelumbo etc
Nelumbo Rose
Hibiscus

18. Stability of anthocyanin extracted from saffron petal in a
model beverage
• Ingredient: petals; Solvent mix : 95%ethanol+0.1N Hcl
• Filtration: Rotary vacuum evaporator
• Addition of sucrose in citrate buffer (pH2.8)
• Anthocyanin stability
at differential pH 1&4; Temperature:4◦c & 20◦c
Light: dark & light
Fig. Effect of time & storage conditions
on anthocyanin stability
• At pH 1 stability has
been found
•The colour density
decreased with course of
t ime in all samples, and
those stored at 4C were
more stable
Hemati ,2010

19. Nutritional and bioactive compounds in rose hips
Species Year Author Compound
R.canina 2004 Ercisli et al Vitamin-C
R.mosqueta 2000 Hornico et al Carotenoids
R.canina 2002 Hvattum Flavonoids & phenolic
compounds
R.pimpenellifolium 2001 Oszaminski et al Anthocyanin
R.canina 1999 Karakaya & Nehir Anti-mutagenic
R.canina 2003 Gurbuz et al Anti –ulsarogenic activity
Rose hips in yogurt manufacturing
Dry
matter
ash protein TA pH Sensory
analysis
Ferment time
Rose hip
yogurt
30.8 2.6 6.21 .82 5.4 6.5 3 hrs
control 28.68 .91 6.07 .8 5.36 5.1 3 hrs 55 mins
Product
Nybon et al,2005

20. Insecticides & Nematicides
Crop Principal
component
Effect
Marigold
Limonine
Repellent for flies and mosquitoes
chrysanthemum
Pyrethrum Knock down effect on Lepidoptera
insects
Nicotiana Nicotine Effective against soft bodied insects like
aphids ,thrips ,caterpillars
Periwinkle Rotenone type Caterpillars' ,beetles
Sabadilla lily Sabadilla Contact and stomach poison for
caterpillars ,leaf hoppers ,thrips ,bugs

21. Ekaterini et al., 2004
In vitro effect of marigold seed exudates on
plant parasitic nematodes
• Alpha-terthienyl is the main compound
with nemticidal property theophene(Hasn,1992)
• Seeds from Tagetes patula var.polynema, Tagetes
erecta cv crackerjack were taken
• Seed water extract subjected to HPLC
• For control; seeds of radish ,corn ,tomato infecting with
nematodes Heterodera schachti ,Meloidogyne hapla
,Pratylenchus penetrans
• Comparative study with water treatment was done.

22. Ekaterini et al., 2004
Effect of crackerjack, polynema seed extracts on nematodes effected seeds
Polynema is
effective than
crackerjack

23. Different fractions of extract of (A)crackerjack& (B)polynema effect on mortality
rate of Heterodera
Ekaterini et al., 2004
This shows that seeds
of marigold has
nematicidal property

24. H.Mibus et al ,2007
Testing of T1-plants for gene
inheritance, stability of gene
Testing of T0 for plants for
C2H4sensivity(2micro.lt/l)
Transgenic plant production-
T0
Agrobacterium mediated trans
formation
Etr-1,fbp1 promotor,nptII-35S
Genetically modified
flowering potted plants with
reduced C2H4 sensitivity
1. Plant-Campanula , Kalanchoe,
Odontotoglosssum
2. Transformation stage-Hypocotyl
3. Vase life
Orchids (average 12days)
Kalanchoe (more than 10 days)
Campanula(27 days)
Through etr -1 gene
transformation, effective
improvement in vase life can be
achieeved

25. Generation of blue-hued flowers by flavonoid
biosynthetic path way in rose through Genetic
Engineering
Katsumoto,2007
Explant: Embryo callus of rose, F3’5’ H:Viola
5AT:Torenia hybrida , DFR: Iris hollandrica petal C-DNA
Transformation: Agrobacterium mediated
Transformed plants of WKS-
77,WKS-82,WKS-100,WKS-
116,WKS-124,WKS-140 with
Pspb-130 plasmid

26. Percentage of delphinidin in the petals of
individual transgenic plants represented by the
hue value in degrees
Pspb 919 trans formed plants have more
delphinidin compared to others
Delphinidin
contents of
transgenic progeny
of LA/919-4-
10,Flowers of F1,F2
progeny
Katsumoto,2007

27. Evaluation Of Various Methods Of
Drying Flowers & Foliage
The dried plant material was evaluated in terms of various parameters,
viz., overall appearance, storage, time taken for drying and cost of
drying which were given different scores on a five point scale.
.
DRYING
FLOWER
Microwave
Oven
Embedded in
silica gel
Solar drying Press drying
Rose 4.30min
(III)
64hrs
(I)
6hrs
(IV)
120hrs
(II)
Carnation 6min
(IV)
72hrs
(I)
6hrs
(II)
132hrs
(III)
Helichrysum 3.30min
(III)
36hrs
(I)
6hrs
(IV)
72hrs
(II)
New methods of drying like freez ,vaccume driers
and micro oven drying gave quality products &it
saves time better than traditional methods

28. Essential oils
Major crops :Rose ,Chamomile ,clarysag
,jasmine,Lavendar ,tuberose ,marigold
Extraction methods:
Hydrodistillation,slolvent
extraction,enflurage,critical fluids,
enzyme aided methods
Aromatherapy :art and science of using
essential oils for health and wellbeing

29. •Pot pourri
•Petal embedded craft papers
•Bouquets ,Garlands, button holes
•Aqua packing,3D window packing
•Flower arrangements

30. Conclusion
There exist a huge potential in floriculture in
addition to fresh cut flowers and ornamental
plants using them /their components as
pharmaceuticals and neutraceuticals
Including
- production of essential oils
- food additives and beverages
- dry flowers and floral ornaments