This document discusses subnetting and IP addressing. It introduces subnet masks and how they are used to divide networks into subnets. Specific examples are provided on subnetting Class A, B, and C networks using subnet masks like /28, 255.255.255.192, and 255.255.240.0. The document also discusses calculating the number of subnets and valid hosts for different subnet masks. Multiple practice questions are provided at the end to help understand subnetting.

1. SUBNETTING
By Murakaru

2. Introduction

3. Benefits of Subnetting

4. Subnet Masks

5. Class Inter Domain Routing (CIDR)
192.168.1.0/28
• The /28 refers to the number of bits that are turned on.
• Remember:There are 32 bits in an IP Address, with 4 octets, hence
8 bits per octet.
• A class A address has a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0.This means that
all the bits in the first octe have been turned on.To achieve the
slash function, count the number of turned on Bits in the mask.
• The 255.0.0.0 is considered a /8 since only 8 bits are 1’s

7. Subnetting Class C

9. A subnet mask of 255.255.255.192,
a)Number of subnets
11
b)Number of valid hosts per subnet?
000000,

10. • What are the valid subnets?
• What’s the broadcast address of each subnet?

11. • What are the valid hosts in each subnet?
Valid hosts are the numbers between the subnets, omitting the all-
0s and all-1s. For example, if 64 is the subnet number and 127 is the
broadcast address, then 65–126 is the valid host range.Your valid
range is always the group of numbers between the subnet address
and the broadcast address.
• SIMPLE?Yeah!!!!!! Cool!!!!!!! QUIZTIME

14. Questions
1. We’ll subnet the network address 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.224
2. Let’s practice another one:
Let’s keep practicing:
Okay—just one more:

16. SUBNETTING CLASS B NETWORKS

17. • How many subnets? 2^x,Where X is the number if 1’s in the host part
• How many hosts?
• How many valid subnets?

18. Subnet 0.0 128.0
First host 0.1 128.1
Last host 127.254 255.254
Broadcast 127.255 255.255

19. Class B Subnetting Questions
Question 1

20. Question 2
172.16.0.0 = Network address
255.255.240.0 = Subnet mask
Class B Subnetting Questions

21. Question 3
Class B Subnetting Questions

22. Question 4
Class B Subnetting Questions

23. Class A subnetting

24. Example: Class A Subnetting
• Practice Example : 255.255.0.0 (/16)
Subnets?
Hosts?
Valid subnets?

25. Subnets 10.0.0.0 10.1.0.0 10.2.0.0 10.3.0.0
First Host 10.0.1.0 10.1.1.0 10.2.1.0 10.3.1.0
Last Host 10.0.255.254 10.1.255.254 10.2.255.254 10.3.255.254
Broadcast 10.0.255.255 10.1.255.255 10.2.255.255 10.3.255.255