This document provides an introduction to disaster concepts. It defines key terms like hazard, disaster, and risk. It explains that natural hazards can become disasters when they impact human life, property, or livelihoods. Disasters can have many effects on people such as physical or emotional harm. The document also notes underlying risk factors for disasters and differentiates between natural and man-made disasters. It provides examples of different types of disasters.

1. Introduction to
Disaster Concepts

2. Learning Competencies
• Explain the meaning of disaster;
• Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters;
• Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life;
• Explain how and when an event becomes a
disaster;

3. Name the place in the
Philippines that
considered the safest
part when the “Big One”
hits.

4. Trivia
Did you know that?!
Palawan is allegedly
the safest part in the
Philippines when ‘The
Big One’ earthquake
hits.

5. Trivia
Did you know that?!
Palawan has no fault
lines and will most likely
not be affected once
“The Big One” hits the
country.

6. Key terms
• Hazard – a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury
or other health impacts, property damage, loss of
livelihoods and services, social and economic
disruption, or environmental damage.
• Disaster – a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society involving widespread human,
material, economic, or environmental losses and
impacts which exceeds the ability of the affected
community or society to cope using its own resources.
• Risk – the possibility that something bad or unpleasant
will happen.

7. Activity 1: The Fish Bowl
Directions:
1. Write your name on 1/8 sheet of yellow paper.
2. Roll your paper and put it inside the first fish bowl.
3. On another 1/8 sheet of yellow paper, write your question
about disasters.
4. Roll your paper and put it inside the second fish bowl.
5. Your teacher will randomly pick from the first bowl the paper
bearing the name of your classmate who shall answer the
question that your teacher subsequently picks from the
second bowl.
6. The chosen student will be given a minute to answer the
question.

8. Activity 1: “Count Me In”
• Direction: Write five (5) disastrous
events in the Philippines in the
last five years that you could still
recall. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

9. Activity 1.1 Understanding Disaster
Atomic Bomb in Hiroshima, Japan
Earthquake in Pakistan

10. Instructions: Analyze the given
images and answer the given
questions below:
1. In two to three sentences,
describe the given images.
2. List down the disasters that you
can identify from the images.

12. Natural hazards are defined
as environmental phenomena that have
the potential to impact societies and the
human environment
A natural disaster is the highly harmful
impact on a society or community
following a natural hazard event

13. A hazard is a dangerous
phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition. It may cause
loss of life, injury or other health
impacts, property damage, loss of
livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or
environmental damage.

14. Meaning of Disaster
• Disaster is defined as a crisis situation causing
wide spread damage which far exceeds our ability
to recover. Thus, by definition, there cannot be a
perfect ideal system that prevents damage,
because then it would not be a disaster.
• Their possibility of occurrence, time, place, and
severity of the strike can be reasonably and in
some cases accurately predicted by technological
and scientific advances.

15. Types of Disasters
• The two types of disasters are natural
disasters and man-made disasters.
• Natural
disaster include earthquakes, floods,
landslides, etc. On the other hand,
• man-made disasters include war, bomb
blasts and chemical leaks.The disasters
often differ in quantity of damage caused
or in quality of the type of medical
consequences.

16. Types of Disasters
Atomic Bomb in Hiroshima, Japan
Earthquake in Pakistan

17. Underlying Risks Factors
• There are some underlying factors which increase
disaster, and which need to be addresses in order to
reduce overall risk. These include environmental
problems, such as declining ecosystems, social and
economic vulnerabilities, and climate change.
• Pillar 4 of the Hyogo Framework for Action which
states that disaster risks related to changing social,
economic, environmental conditions and land use, and
the impact of hazards associated with geological
events, weather, water, climate change, are addressed
in sector development planning and programmes as
well as in post-disaster situations.

18. Risk and Disaster Risk
Risk has various connotations within different
disciplines. In general, risk is defined as “the
combination of the probability of an event and
its negative consequences” (UNISDR, 2009). The
term risk is thus multidisciplinary and is used in
a variety of contexts. It is usually associated with
the degree to which humans cannot cope (lack
of capacity) with a situation (e.g. natural
hazard).

19. The term disaster risk refers to the
potential (not actual and realized) disaster
losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods,
assets, and services which could occur in a
community or society over some specified
future time period
Disaster risk is the product of the possible
damage caused by a hazard due to the
vulnerability within a community.

20. Effects of Disasters
• Danger of Death
• Physical Injury
• Emotional/ Mental problems
• Physical Health problems
• Damaged natural environment
• Economic environment issue
• Disruption/loss Built environment

21. Effects of Disasters on One’s Life
Danger of Death

22. From Natural Event to Disaster
• When determining whether a natural event will
be categorized as a disaster, emergency managers
and responders need to know who and what is at
risk. In tailoring response to specific populations,
people may want to ensure warnings go out in
multiple languages and translators are available
in shelters if an area has a large foreign language
speaking population. A natural vent only
becomes a disaster when it impacts human life,
property, or livelihood.

23. 1. how will you differentiate natural from man-
made disasters? Explain your answer in 2-3
sentences.
2. give a natural disaster you experienced within
your locality or you had heard from the news
recently. What makes it a natural disaster?
3. Give a man-made disaster you experienced
within your locality or you had heard from the news
recently.

24. Activity 1.5 Compare & Contrast
Disaster and Human Induced Hazard Direction: In
this activity, you need to make a Venn Diagram to
shoe the comparison between Disaster and Human
Induced Disaster.

25. References:
• http://www.aitonline.tv/post-
death_toll_rises_from_china_earthquake
• Bagolong, et al (2016). Disaster readiness and
Risk Reduction. Mutya Publishing, Inc.