Lecture focusses on social change through storytelling and behavioural nudges; Moral values are essential for the development of a good society; Education is vital for the same.

1. MORAL DEVELOPMENT
IN CHILDREN
Dr. Ankita Raj
ankitaraj3@gmail.com

2. CHILDREN LEARN FROM YOUR ACTIONS!

3. BASICS OF MORAL
Action
Punishment Reward

4. IMPORTANCE OF MORAL VALUES
Thoughts Words Beliefs Actions Results
Jeff Keller (2017). Attitude is Everything. Noida: HarperCollins

5. WHERE DO WE MAKE A DIFFERENCE
Experiences!

6. STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT BY KOHLBERG,
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
Level 1: Pre-conventional
1. I behave well just to avoid being punished.
2. Fights in school: No, you did wrong. I was right.
Level 2: Conventional
3. I behave well just to ensure that I am seen ‘good’ by others.
4. Judgements to maintain social order.
Level 3: Post-conventional
5. I did this for a greater good. This may be against the law.
6. Own set of moral guidelines.
Mostly
students may
fall into this
trap.

7. DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL VALUES
• Eg. Stealing medicine to save life. (Heinz
story)
• Negative v/s Positive words
• I don’t know v/s I will find out
• I am not hungry v/s I will eat later
• I am not tired v/s I feel fresh
• Stop talking v/s Talk later
• You v/s I
• Getting orders or options

8. STUDENTS OF SAME CLASS
ALL PEOPLE ARE EQUAL???
• Kid 1: Very weak
• Kid 2: Average
• Kid 3: Exceptionally good
NOTE:
If you give up, your children will give up!
Who needs you?

9. DIFFERENT CHILDREN, ONE COMMON OUTCOME
BEHAVIOUR

10. IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF LIFE
• Be nice
• Work hard
• Be honest
• Take responsibility for actions
• Be aware of time and space
• Show initiative
• Ask questions
• Importance of presentation
• Organised
• Be humble
• No shortcuts

11. CONNECT STORIES TO REAL LIFE
1. Spectacles- read and write. 2. Decimals- Hospital report and Patient.
3. Egg, carrot, coffee- performance. 4. Ant and the grasshopper- Hard
work
5. Hare and Tortoise- eating ice-cream v/s tiffin sharing.
6. King and comedian boy- Hobby, Laugh, Problem v/s solution

12. SOME TIPS FOR CARETAKERS 
• Be the person you want the kids to be.
• Explain your personal mission to students.
• Remove fear of school.
• Stay calm when things go wrong.
• Learn from your mistakes.
• Have fun in class. Kids will learn more from you.
• Accept the fact that everything you build may sooner or later fall apart.

13. SOME MORE TIPS FOR CARETAKERS
• Empathise before reacting.
• You are never finished!!!!! 
• Language:
‘Because I said so..” v/s Rule of thumb
• Deserts after main-course.
• Storytime after washing hands and eating
• Homework completion makes you responsible and independent.
• Child needs books just like a surgeon needs his tools. So, pack bags for school before
bedtime.

14. SOME MORE TIPS FOR CARETAKERS
• Personal growth. Eg. 18th birthday.
• Take care of yourself.
• Don’t try to save the world.
• If someone criticises you, consider source.
• Laugh with students. Laugh at yourself.
• Offer honest praises.
• Praise the effort and not end result.

15. SOME TIPS FOR TEACHERS
• Forget school politics.
• Response to failure teaches others dealing with systems, in future.
• Administrators too face performance pressure.
• In MCQs ask kids why they chose option B and not A,C and D.
• Make Alumini talk (wall of fame).
• Listen to the problem of students.
• Praising others puts you in a better place.
• Always ask, “Why are we doing this?”
• Accepting things will help respond better.
Rafe Esquith (2013). Real Talk for Real Teachers. New York: Penguin Books

16. SOME TIPS FOR TEACHERS
• Make alumini talk to your current class.
• Teach time management.
• If child never does homework then give them
‘barter system’ punishment. Eg. participation in activity.
• Teach plagiarism
Rafe Esquith (2013). Real Talk for Real Teachers. New York: Penguin Books

17. GAME
• Write five advantages and five disadvantages of:
• education
• going home
• going to school
• siblings
• neighbor etcetera

18. THANK YOU
