Oi 361

Oi 361
Definitions Paper
What are creativity, innovation, and design, and how are these concepts important to meeting the
objectives of an organization? To understand these concepts they must first be defined. Webster's
dictionary (http://www.merriam–webster.com) defines creativity as the "Ability to produce
something new through imaginative skill, whether a new solution to a problem, a new method or
device, or a new artistic objects or form. The term generally refers to a richness of ideas and
originality of thinking. Psychological studies of highly creative people have shown that many have a
strong interest in apparent disorder, contradiction, and imbalance, which seem to be perceived as
challenges. Such individuals may possess an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New sciences have also contributed to technology, as in the theoretical preparation for the invention
of the steam engine. In the 20th century, innovations in semiconductor technology increased the
performance and decreased the cost of electronic materials and devices by a factor of a million, an
achievement unparalleled in the history of any technology."
I would define innovation as the ability to apply this creative thinking to an existing product,
solution or approach that improves the outcome of a solution to a problem or usefulness of a
product. Innovation is the ability to put creative thoughts to use in a way that is beneficial to a
person, product, object, problem or situation. .
Design is defined by Webster as "to create, fashion, execute, or construct according to plan; to
conceive and plan out in the mind; to have as a purpose; to devise for a specific function or end; to
conceive or execute a plan; or to draw, lay out, or prepare a design."
I would define design as taking these creative thoughts and ideas, or applying an innovative
concept, and putting them into a plan of action. Design is the point at which creativity and
innovation become a useful part of a solution. It is the ability to take creative thoughts and manifest
them into a tangible object or cohesive solution, and incorporate that into a plan of action to solve a
particular problem or take a product to market,
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Mini Project
EE2031 Circuit and Systems Design Lab
Mini–Project Report
Voice Disguiser
Presented by:
Friday Room 3 Group 7
Wang Ke (A0105276J)
Wu Jianxiao (A0099910W)
1.Introduction
1.1 Aim
During the 6 hands–on individual labs before this mini project, we have learnt the design and
implementation of filter and oscillator, together with applied characterization of different
components. The objective of Mini–Project was for students to demonstrate their innovative design
skills and implement knowledge learnt in lectures to real–life product design. Therefore, we aimed
to integrate what we learnt in individual labs into one single product, which is a Voice
Disguiser that can solve practical problems of witness protection.
1.2 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Figure 1: Project Flowchart
2.2 Microphone Unit
The microphone was implemented to allow the user to transmit speaker's voice as analog voice
signal from the audio socket. The analog voice signal captured by the microphone is then needed to
pass through an amplifier circuit. The amplitude of this voice signal can be amplified from
millivolts to volts so that the signal becomes easier to for us work with in following
implementations. As figure 2 shown, this amplifier circuit is built by firstly connecting the
microphone input through the positive input terminal of the LM358 chip. Secondly, a feedback loop
is built through the output and negative terminal. Then the analog voice signal captured by the
microphone is, therefore, amplified.
Figure 2: Schematic Of Microphone Unit
The resistance values of R4 and R3 is purposely chosen for an amplifier gain of 5.7. As shown in
Figure 3, a significant amplifying effect of the microphone voice signal can been seem afer passing

through the amplifier.
Figure 3: Waveform Of Voice Signal Before (Blue) And After (Yellow) Amplifier
Based on oscilloscope detection, the peak–to–peak value of microphone voice signal before
amplifier is 220mV, while the one after the amplifier is 1.28V. The actual amplifier gain is therefore
5.8 (1.28/0.22), which is very close to the designed value of 5.7.
2.3 Frequency Modification Unit
This

How The Design Process Operates When Dealing With Customers
Assignment brief – QCF BTEC Assignment 1 front sheet Qualification Unit number and title BTEC
Ext Diploma in Electrical & Electronic Engineering Unit 08: Engineering Design Learner name
Assessor name Westley Broughton Andrew Molyneux Date issued Hand in deadline Submitted on
17/09/2015 Assignment title Investigate how the design process operates when dealing with
customers (1) In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the
following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. Criteria reference To
achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: Task no. Evidence P1
Describe the operation of the design process in an engineering company P2 ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Scenario You are a design engineer and have been asked to work on a new project for a customer
who has bought from your company on previous occasions. A good relationship exists between the
two parties and the starting point for the new product is an overview and rough outline sent in to
you by the customer. They ask that you look at their proposal and work it up into a PDS that can be
discussed and evaluated at a meeting to be held fairly soon. If they are happy with the PDS, the next
step will be to ask you to prepare some design proposals. The customer who you will be working for
manufactures and supplies equipment to schools and colleges and has sent in the following
overview of what they want. Task 1 – Describe the operation of the design process in an engineering
company (P1) All engineering companies are different in the procedure they use when designing a
new product. However, some basic steps should always apply to ensure a successful outcome.
Describe the various stages of the design process which may take place within an engineering
organisation including those listed below. As a minimum your assignment should describe the points
listed below: Design idea/concept – This the is when

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Multilip Flops
III.REGISTERS WITH MULTI BIT FLIP FLOPS
The section describes that multi bit flip flops operation and how they will form. Fig 2 shows single
bit storage flip flop of D type in which it contains master latch and slave latch. So it needs clk and
clk' signals. Figure 2 : Single bit storage flip flop
The multi bit flip flop is forms by suitable merging of single bit storage flip flops. The multi bit flip
flops are uses same clock signal. So number individual clock signals reduces and clock power
consumption reduces.
Figure 3. The four single–bit flip–flops are merged into a multi–bit filp flop
Fig 3 shows that a four bit multi bit flip flop ,by merging single bit four flip flops . From fig. the
four bit multi bit flip flop uses same clock signal, hence single clock signal uses instead of four
clock signals. MBFFs may offers some of the advantages is as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Figure 4 shows the flow graph of our proposed work. Our proposed work is roughly divided into
three parts. Mergable flip flops identification, creating a combination table; and Merge flip–flops. In
first stage, we have to identify the flip–flops which are supposed to be combined. In second stage, a
combination table can be formed, library is created it contains all combinations of merged multi bit
flip flops. In third step, all suitable merged flip flops are merged with help of library
3.1 Identification of mergable flip flops
The mergable flip flops are share the common clock buffer and capable of decreasing the power
consumption. The single bit flip flops and multi bit flip flops are having same clock, set and reset
conditions. For a example a 2–bit multi bit flip flop formation it needs two single bit storage are
required. The single bit flip flops are first identified as which are nearer to each other then only
merging is possible. So identification of mergable flip flops are important and distance we have to
consider.
3.2 Library (Group of

My Experience At Woodruff Corporation
Introduction: As I near the 1st anniversary of my career at Woodruff Corporation, I find myself
reflecting on my experiences and accomplishments throughout this first year. What impact have I
had in the company? What have I learned and how have I developed my skills? Will it endure and
lead to better, more efficient, and profitable business practices? Prior to working at this company, I
had never before worked in manufacturing, much less the containers, packages, and materials
handling industry. I had not yet professionally designed for the manufacturing either. Woodruff was
giving me an amazing opportunity to apply my education, learn real–world applications, and I was
earnest to prove myself. During my final interview, noting my excitement, my boss–to–be made me
aware that he is in the midst of projects to improve the business, that the prevailing company culture
is resistant to change, and that it has been an uphill battle trying to sway the company culture
towards continuous improvement. He believes I have that mindset and wants me to promote it
throughout the business. I learned then, and reaffirmed over my time there that it must be done with
both patience and persistence. After hiring me, he asked me to a meeting in his office. The company
currently had few materials for the purpose of training designers new to the industry. He also asked
that as I learn the ins and outs of designing for the industry that I document what I have learned for
the purpose of

Samsung Strategy
What is / meaning of Strategy
The word Strategy is stand for "A plan to come out of difficulties". Strategy in business is a careful
plan for achieving a particular goal over a long period of time. This is also considered as skill of
making out plans to achieve a goal. Strategies are concerned with the scope of a business, what and
where they produce. Many people have defined and explained the strategy use different ways.
"The determination of the basic long term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and adoption of
courses of action and allocation of resources necessary for those goals"
(Chandler, 1962)
"Every business organization, any sub–unit of organization, and even every individual have a clearly
defined set of purposes or goals which ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Samsung set aside around US$ 126 million for its design initiatives till 2000. After that Samsung
sent 17 designers to the Art Center College of Design to broaden their ideas about design. Its
determination to excel in design inspired the government of South Korea to announce the beginning
of a "Design Era" in the country, in an effort to encourage businesses to recognize the importance of
design and use it as a competitive advantage. Design plays a significant role to add big value to the
Samsung. Earlier most electronics products were expensive and not within the reach of everyone.
Also purchase decisions were based on price, features, and quality, over time, products like TVs,
cameras & mobile became cheap price and within the reach of a people. Quality was no longer a
differentiator, and most brands offered similar products of pricing and features. Most of consumer
electronics companies were those accepted the importance of design, example Sony assume design
is the only thing that differentiates one product from the other in the marketplace because most of
products of our competitors will have same price, performance and features. Good design allowed
Samsung to command a price premium, For example, its mobile phones had the highest average unit
sale price (US$ 215) in 2002 in their category. It was believed that the company was able to achieve
the goal because its mobile phones featured a combination of technology and good design. It's
trying to connect with its customers by introducing products with appealing designs. In 2006 Q1 &
Q2, Samsung was the number one company in terms of worldwide TV sales. Samsung chairman
transform his company from Electronics Company into an innovator by using innovative

Live Electronics Essay
1.1 Research Goal The object of the proposed research is to build an authoring system for
performance of live electronics which will simplify the compositional workflow, easy the
performance and ensure the preservation. The main idea is to extend Common Western Music
Notation(CWMN) to the field of algorithmic thinking as a method for creating an abstract and
cohesive representation of the underlying logic and instrumental parts for the live–electronics genre.
Along with this new notation, it is necessary to develop an authoring/performance technology
environment which will enable us to represent and execute the logical layer of the piece and
composing a series of live–electronic pieces as a means for exploring, developing and evaluating ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, the introduction of any new notational mechanisms must be designed as an organic whole
about the traditional interpretation of signs and symbols regarding music semiotics. However, it is
important to note here, that the scope of this goal is constrained to the semantics domain, as in broad
sense the re–interpretation of a musical score as a logical–descriptor is radical in nature. The choose
of CWMN as main descriptor of music related events is justified for the fact that CWMN is still in
wide sue among the composer community, Kurt Stone wrote regarding this fact [Stone, 1980]. In
spite of the new notational signs generated since early 1950s, a major part of our era's music,
whether "serious" or not, has been, still is, and probably will continue to be written either entirely by
means of traditional notation or with a mixture of old and new signs and procedures. A second
important aspect relates to a practical performance aspect. In Western Music, staff notation plays an
active role in the pursuit of communicating a complex musical idea created by the composer during
the live performance. All relevant performance information is carefully detailed in the score parts,
so the score plays two roles in the communication system, a passive role

Personal Statement: Tim Nisonger
My name is Tim Nisonger. I am 30 years old and have lived in Coloma MI for about 4 years. I live
with my wife Shannon and my 4 month old son, Ezra. I work about 15 minutes away, in Benton
Harbor MI at Whirlpool. My current role is Senior Technician in Engineering for Kitchenaid small
appliances.
My higher education experience prior to University of the People was a long road. I started taking
classes in the electronics program at a local community college while still attending high school as a
senior. After high school, I completed my A.A.S. in electronics a couple years later. I have always
worked a full time job while going to school and continue to do so. I started studying Business
Administration and couldn't stay passionate.

A Comparative Analysis Of MESFET
4.1 Comparative analysis of GaAs MESFET parameters 4.1.1 Comparative analysis of V–I
characteristic of MESFET for A1, A2 & A3 device.
Fig 16: Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET for A1 Device Fig 17: Comparative
analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET for A2 Device
Fig 18: Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET for A3 Device
4.2.2 Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET at different Gate width W and VGS
Fig 19: Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET at different W & VGS = 0.0V
Fig 20: Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET at different W & VGS = –0.2V Fig
21: Comparative analysis of V–I characteristics of MESFET at different W & VGS = –0.4V
4.2 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Design of required device model i.e of NAND gate is initialized with the help of pencil and paper.
Above designed paper model is implanted in LTSPICE IV through various tools present in editor
toolbar like components, label net, ground, draw wires, resistors, drag & move. Fig 22: Circuit
design for simulation of GaAs MESFET as NAND gate
Physical input parameters are fed in this model.
Now, circuit simulation is performed with the help of Run tool present in editor

Apple Inc. : An American Corporation That Designs And...
Background Apple Inc. Apple Inc. is an American Corporation that designs and manufactures
computer hardware, software and other consumer electronics. Apple was established on April 1st in
1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne. Apple Inc. what 's more, it's completely
possessed auxiliary's outlines, produces and markets versatile correspondence and media gadgets,
PCs, and compact advanced music players, and offers an assortment of related programming,
administrations, peripherals, organizing arrangements, and outsider computerized substance and
applications. The Company offers its items worldwide through its retail locations, online stores, and
direct deals compel, and through outsider cell organize transporters, wholesalers, retailers, and
esteem included affiliates. What 's more, the Company offers an assortment of outsider iPhone,
iPad, Mac and iPod good items, including application programming, printers, stockpiling gadgets,
speakers, earphones, and different embellishments and peripherals, through it's on the web and retail
locations. The Company offers to purchasers, little and moderate sized organizations, and training,
venture and government clients. The Company 's financial year is the 52 or 53–week time frame that
finishes on the last Saturday of September. Unless generally expressed, all data exhibited in this
Form 10–K depends on the Company 's monetary date–book. The Company is a California
enterprise built up in 1977. Samsung Electronics Co.

Applying for Graduate Studies in Engineering
I am currently working as a Physical Design Engineer at "Qualcomm India Private Limited",
Bangalore, India and I hold a bachelor's degree in Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering from
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India. I want to pursue graduate studies
because it provides me the right platform for research. I envision a career involved mainly with
research because it welcomes new ideas, gives me more opportunities to explore my areas of
interest and put forward new theories and implement them on my own. I feel that formulating and
developing ideas is actually always more interesting than merely using them.
Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering at JNTU–Hyderabad laid the right platform for me in
gaining knowledge in the domain of electronics and its related fields. My interest in circuit design
was sparked by the course Electronic Devices & Circuits where I first learned the principles of
circuit analysis. I learned from fundamental concepts to the advanced design and analysis methods
of VLSI integrated circuits and their diverse applications, during my junior and senior years,
through courses like Linear & Digital Integrated Circuits, DSP, VLSI design and their associated
course projects. I was deeply impressed by how semiconductors and VLSI have brought forth a
reign in electronics industry with their immensely wide applications.
As an undergraduate student I had a strong reputation in the university. I ranked third in my
department. My

Statement Of Purpose Of Electronic Engineering
Statement of Purpose
"Dr.Einstein, aren't these same questions as last year's [Physics] final exam?" a student asked Albert
Einstein. "Yes, But the answers are different", he answered.
It was an introductory class on physical chemistry and our chemistry teacher was teaching us the
allotropes of carbon. At the end of the class, he asked us, "What do you think makes a small piece of
diamond more precious than tons of charcoal, although they are made up of same carbon atoms? Is
it its appearance? No. It's the pressure that the carbon endured for thousands of years to become a
diamond". "A diamond is just a piece of charcoal that handled the pressure well", he quoted. "No
pressure, No diamond. Pressure shapes a diamond, in the same way, persistence in challenging
situation shapes a man"– I still ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My undergraduate courses are highly diversified favoring interdisciplinary research. Equipped with
fundamental training in courses like Engineering physics, Mathematics and Chemistry along with
Basic Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electrical Electronic and Magnetic materials, Electrical
technology, Applied electronics and Instrumentation and Control engineering courses magnified my
knowledge and understanding of various electrical and electronic devices and materials and various
other aspects of science and technology. At the same time courses like composites and polymers,
ceramic materials, emerging materials and automotive materials and Material characterization gave
me insight on physics of materials. Eventhough I have gained fruitful knowledge on various classes
of materials, I am most enthralled by Electronic materials and devices because it combines element
of physics, Materials Science and Electronics. I feel emboldened and wish to expand my knowledge
by pursuing research in the same

Samsung Electronics: Success by Design
BSTR/228
IBS Center for Management Research
This case was written by Sachin Govind, under the direction of S.S.George, IBS Center for
Management Research. It was compiled from published sources, and is intended to be used as a
basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a
management situation.
2006, IBS Center for Management Research. All rights reserved.
To order copies, call +91–08417–236667/68 or write to IBS Center for Management Research
(ICMR), IFHE Campus, Donthanapally,
Sankarapally Road, Hyderabad 501 504, Andhra Pradesh, India or email: info@icmrindia.org
www.icmrindia.org BSTR/228
"An ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The SAIT R&D center helped the Group enter other technology–intensive industries in later years.
Byung passed away on November 19, 1987, after having managed the Group for almost fifty years.
After Byung‟s death, his son Kun–Hee Lee (Lee) became chairman of the Group. In 1988, on the
50th anniversary of the Group‟s founding, Lee announced the "Second Foundation" of the company,
with the aim of directing the Group toward becoming a modern world–class corporation.
The 1990s saw a series of technological innovations at Samsung. The company developed the
world‟s first 16M DRAM9 in 1990, a 10.4 inch TFT–LCD10 panel in 1992, the world‟s first 64M
DRAM in 1992, an ultra–light 100g mobile phone, a digital video recorder (DVD–R), the world‟s
first 8mm VCR in 1993, and the world‟s first 4X (four power) zoom camera in 1994. In 1995, it
developed real–time MPEG–III technology and a 22–inch TFT–LCD panel. In 1996, it developed a
1 GB DRAM and in 1999, a 1 Gigabit flash memory prototype and a 24–inch TFT–LCD panel.
Samsung‟s technological innovations continued in the 2000s as well.
By 2006, Samsung had grown to become a leading player in the semiconductor, telecommunication,
digital media, and digital convergence technologies. The company earned revenues of US$ 56.7
billion and a net income of US$ 7.5 billion (in 2005). It employed 113,600 people in 90 offices in 48
countries. It

Statement Of Purpose For Metallurgy And Material Engineering
situation shapes a man"– I still remember all these words from my high school chemistry teacher
which made a huge impact in me and made me realize that perseverance is the key to reach the sky.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although metallurgy and materials science studies dates back many centuries, its scope and
popularity remain very little and novel in India. In a country where millions of mechanical,
electrical and computer engineers are bred, very few materials engineers are produced. During my
freshmen and sophomore year, I had courses in electronics and mechanical technology which
blended and integrated mechanical engineering and electrical & electronics engineering with
materials science. I was fascinated by the way Materials Engineering was breaching the wall
between different fields of studies and promoting interdisciplinary study and research

Impact on the Environment of Electrical and Electronics...
Impact on the Environment of Electrical and Electronics Products
Introduction
Electrical and Electronics products are now commonly found all around the world and the number is
on the rise. The amount of such products that is being disposed is also on the rise. There is a concern
on the environmental effect by such products that is being disposed as well as when it is being
manufacturer. This is because most of these products contain either harmful substance or non bio–
degradable materials which cause an impact on the environment.
For these reasons, regulations and directives are being set up to safe guard and prevent more harm
from being done to the environment.
This report would be discussing on the harmful effects by traditional ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Even in situations where the copper is recovered and the etchant is regenerated by the waste hauler,
this waste stream may be an environmental hazard. Transportation of the spent etchant and its
ultimate disposition may pose environmental risks and result in increased liability for the PCB
facility.
1.3 Disposal of electronic equipments
Electronic equipment is considered hazardous because of the presence of lead, mercury, cadmium,
chromium, and some types of retardants. For example, some monitors can contain up to 27% lead.
There are four main ways which electronic equipment can be disposed. They are incineration,
resale, donation and recycling.
Destruction of electronics equipment means incineration. Businesses are allowed to dispose of their
hazardous waste in this manner, but the destruction then falls under more restrictive hazardous
waste rules. The incineration process yields some environmentally dirty residue and it is thus not an
entirely green option.
Superficially, resale, looks like a good option. It generates profits for the company, the buyers are
happy, and the electronics are disposed of. However, liability and administration concerns become
an issue. Properly administering a sales program takes time and paperwork, and one has to consider
whether used electronics sales are really what the company is in business to do.
Donation is also a valid option. However, electronics are classified as hazardous

Electronic Market, Bar Coding, And Computer Aided Designs
online market, bar coding, and computer aided designs, which are regarded as advancements. The
major benefit of technology is its ability to cut down production costs and improving quality,
especially if there are sales before the production process itself. Samsung is proud of its inventive
advance in technology and improving it for manufacturing products that support design technology
and features. It is globally recognized that Samsung is very strong on technology. The driving force
behind the company's vast ability and pride is its ingrained culture of innovativeness. Moreover, it
has pioneered major technological inventions that it employed in introducing new products in global
trade. Mixing between experience and technology knowledge ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Competitive environment Samsung competition faces many brand competition from other firm in
the market that produce products that are differentiated from Samsung itself. This type of
competition requires market forecasting, for example, Samsung has envisaged the possible room for
3D TV market share increase. Samsung has analyzed its brand competitors such as LG and Sharp
and applied necessary plans for pricing and supplying strategies on the grounds of market envisages.
Samsung's plan is to sell 86 million 3D TVs by 2016, That's reflecting that they will need to acquire
more of the television market share. The company has planned to release new 3D TVs, which are
advance. Majority of the competitors have preferred to a model similar to Samsung's, which is 3D
TVs. The dissimilarities are visible in quality and price but the appearances are very close.
Sony, Japanese corporation is well recognized for its web advisements, integrating PDF documents
to enhance consumer awareness. Sony Company is popular for its Sony Bravia, which is a 3D TV
and sells for 2999 dollars. Bravia has similar features as its competitors though it takes after the
trends of Samsung. The company is among the top five in the television marketing. Additionally, it
invests in other areas of entertainment such as film production, MP3 players and gaming consoles.
Sony Company uses other organizations

Electrical Engineering Statement
Statement of Purpose Electrical Engineering
Introduction The potential to create exceptional, innovative products through the use of electrical
engineering and embedded systems have always fascinated me. From the miniaturized circuit
boards in smartphones and tablet PCs to the large–scale embedded electronics used in aerospace
systems (Bozzano, Cimatti, Katoen, et. al., 2011) electrical engineering has long fascinated me. One
of the most significant factors that led to my passion for this subject is the revolution that is
occurring in the areas of mobile processors, avionics and aerospace systems, where embedded
systems are critical to the navigational integrity of the vehicle. This revolution in embedded systems
is also leading to an entirely new era of performance in avionics and deep space exploration, which
promises to deliver insights never learned before from previous technologies (Kadayif, Kandemir,
2005). Due to all of these factors I am extremely interested in electrical engineering and pursing it a
graduate degree in this academic discipline .
Growth in Engineering Years At an early age I had an affinity for understanding how various
elements of a system interacted with each other, in addition to understanding how the components
of computer systems could be redesigned to increase performance and compatibility across other
systems. This area fascinated me and I quickly started studying how integrated components could be
made part of broader embedded

The Riba Plan Of Work
The RIBA Plan of Work 2013 (Royal Institute Of British Architects, 2013) is a document that was
created by architects to aid with the design process of a building. The Plan provides a clear structure
within its eight work stages (0–7), the eight work stages outline tasks and outputs that are required
at the end of each stage. The Plan of works started in 1963 and has been revised 5 times since then,
many contracts are related to or based on the plan of works. Stage 0 Strategic Definition Stage 0 is
the first stage in the RIBA Plan of Work (Royal Institute Of British Architects, 2013), it is used
mainly to establish a Business Case and a Strategic brief. A Business Case is often a document /
presentation which explains the reason behind initiating a project, it is used to collate and analyse
ideas and often includes information about cost and whether a project is economically viable. The
strategic brief is to do within defining the client's needs and requirements this document will
provide a basis to start the Initial Project brief which comes under Stage 1. Stage 0 is where the
client will start to think about the project team, the client may know or want a certain architect and
or consultant on the project due to past experience. Stage 0 is also a chance to look at possible sites
if one has not been chosen, or is already owned by the client. This allows the client to do an initial
review of the site and determine anything that could be reused or that would need to be

Vhdl
Verilog HDL: A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis, Second Edition By Samir Palnitkar
Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR Pub Date: February 21, 2003 ISBN: 0–13–044911–3 Pages: 496
Written for both experienced and new users, this book gives you broad coverage of Verilog HDL.
The book stresses the practical design and verification perspective ofVerilog rather than
emphasizing only the language aspects. The informationpresented is fully compliant with the IEEE
1364–2001 Verilog HDL standard. Describes state–of–the–art verification methodologies Provides
full coverage of gate, dataflow (RTL), behavioral and switch modeling Introduces you to the
Programming Language Interface (PLI) Describes logic synthesis methodologies Explains ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc. The publisher offers discounts on this book
when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, contact: Corporate Sales Department,
Prentice Hall PTR, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. Phone: 800–382–3419; FAX:
201– 236–7141. E–mail: corpsales@prenhall.com. Production supervisor: Wil Mara Cover
designer: Nina Scuderi Cover design director: Jerry Votta Manufacturing manager: Alexis R. Heydt–
Long Acquisitions editor: Gregory G. Doench Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
3 2 1 SunSoft Press A Prentice Hall Title
4
Dedication
To Anu, Aditya, and Sahil, Thank you for everything. To our families, Thank you for your constant
encouragement and support. ― Samir
5
About the Author
Samir Palnitkar is currently the President of Jambo Systems, Inc., a leading ASIC design and
verification services company which specializes in high–end designs for microprocessor,
networking, and communications applications. Mr. Palnitkar is a serial entrepreneur. He was the
founder of Integrated Intellectual Property, Inc., an ASIC company that was acquired by Lattice
Semiconductor, Inc. Later he founded Obongo, Inc., an e–commerce software firm that was
acquired by AOL Time Warner, Inc. Mr. Palnitkar holds a Bachelor of Technology in Electrical
Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology,

Sony Case Study
Discussion 3– How might Sony plan for the future in the electronics industry? What opportunities
and threads do you see coming in Sony's future? Future Plan of Sony Overcome the weakness and
exploit the strength will be the future plan. 1) Lost in strong competition in electronic industry such
as Apple, Samsung a. Joint Venture with Competitors In the industry nowadays, a company is hard
to handle a whole project but cooperating with other competitors can achieve success. Sony has
already started cooperating with competitors such as Sharp, Panasonic and it should explore more
possibility. b. Make changes on technology Comparing to other competitors' superiority, Sony
should improve its R&D, design, marketing and innovation of product and services ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sony should conduct an examination to evaluate the values and worth of different department. The
unrelated department should be terminated before keeping affecting to company. Regaining focus on
the core projects will be more efficient to regain the leadership in electronic industry. Apart from
overcoming the weakness, Sony should also exploit their strengths. 1) Re–design of promoted
products or services Sony could utilize its marketing strategies to promote and redesign its old
products which was famous to customer such as PlayStation. Sony can try launch new products or
products with adding new features using the old label in order to continue the popularity to the
electronic industry. Besides, Sony can try to do fusion to two features of products. Mixing 4k
revolution technology to monitor of mobile phone or mixing the professional camera technology to
mobile phone can be the direction of development. 2) Enhance the Innovations Production Sony can
make good use of its strong R&D and technological knowledge to the next generation innovations
such as the rollable thin TV display and Freehand Manipulations on Interactive Surfaces
(SmartSkin). This can maintain competitive advantage in electronic

Design of Electronic Circuits Lab Report
ZEIT 1206 DEC1 Lab Report 1
DC Circuits – Analysis and Design
Alexander Glover, z3422512
Abstract
DC circuit analysis and design, play a massive role in electrical engineering and without the correct
application of theory and practise in unison, nothing can be achieved in a true engineering sense.
Engineering requires theory to develop and test constraints while also requiring practical application
of theory in order to determine tolerance and practical results for industry purposes. The ability to
analysis a circuit gives a potential electrical engineer the ability to learn how to problem solve in a
theoretical and practical sense which in turn develops industry skills in which will follow them for
life, and allow a solid knowledge base ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
KCL is defined as: The algebraic sum of the currents into any point of the circuit must equal the
algebraic sum of all the currents out of that point. Otherwise, charge would accumulate at the point,
instead of having a conducting path [ (Grob, 1977) ].
KVL is similarly defined as: For each mesh followed continuously in its tracing direction the
algebraic summation of all the instantaneous voltage drops is zero (Pike, 1971).
Where a mesh is defined as "a loop that does not contain any other loops" [ (Nilsson, 2011) ] and a
loop is defined as "a path whose last node is in the same as the starting node" [ (Nilsson, 2011) ] and
a node is defined as a point where two or more circuit elements join" [ (Nilsson, 2011) ].
KVL, KCL and Ohm's Law are all important tools for circuit analysis, especially using the node
voltage method. A worked example for KCL and Ohm's law is included for Figure 1 next; which can
also be directly applied to that of KVL in the same manner in place of KCL.
Figure 1: Simple dual voltage source (V1 and V2) circuit, with three resistors (R1, R2 and R3) and
four nodes (N1, N2, N3, N4).
From Figure 1, using KCL it can be said that at node two:
i1+ i2= i3 (A) (2)
Which can then be substituted for Ohm's law to give:

Va–VbR1+Vc–VbR2= VbR3 (V) (3)
When values are then substituted into equation three,

Minelab Electronics Design Engineer
I worked as an electronics design engineer at Minelab Electronics Pty LTD between August 2010
and November 2014. During that time I was appointed as the team lead for a number of projects
such as the smart battery management project, the hybrid amplifier project and the coils
development project. Where I was accountable for procurement administer, risk management, and
stake holder communications.
Specifically,I developed contract documents and invited selected companies to provide quotations,
negotiated contract up to a half million dollars. I organised several meetings with the management
team and provided brief on the outcome of quotation process. I also led a team to deliver project on
set time line and budget.
As a technical lead and manager, I understand that every team member plays vital role in project to
achieve organisation goal and the performance of the team depends on how well the team is led. I
informed the team members what is expected from them as a team. I typically adopt SMART
(Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Timely) objectives strategy when leading complex
programs, I assigned objectives to individual members and clearly explain their roles and
responsibilities. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I encouraged team work, fostered open discussion to provide their view not only about project but
also how I could do work differently to improve my work skill. I also encouraged them to come up
with new ideas and discussed technical issues amongst each other to engender peer support. At
every milestone achieved, I appreciated each individual for their effort and as a whole team how
well they performed. I also provided some feedback to each team members in what area they could
do better to improve their

Digital India
DIGITAL INDIA
Digital India
A programme to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy
DIGITAL INDIA
What is Digital India?




Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future.
The focus is on being transformative – to realize IT + IT = IT
The focus is on making technology central to enabling change.
It is an Umbrella Programme – covering many departments.
 It weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single, comprehensive vision so
that each of them is seen as part of a larger goal.
 Each individual element stands on its own. But is also part of the larger picture.
 It is coordinated by DeitY, implemented by the entire government.
 The weaving together makes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
services to all GPs
This should be long term vision for POs
DIGITAL INDIA
Pillar 4. e–Governance: Reforming Government through Technology

Government Business Process Re–engineering using IT to improve transactions Form
Simplification, reduction
Online applications and tracking, Interface between departments

Use of online repositories e.g. school certificates, voter ID cards, etc.
Integration of services and platforms – UIDAI, Payment Gateway, Mobile Platform, EDI
 Electronic Databases – all databases and information to be electronic, not manual
 Workflow automation inside government
 Public Grievance Redressal – using IT to automate, respond, analyse data to identify and resolve
persistent problems – largely process improvements
 To be implemented across government – critical for transformation.
DIGITAL INDIA
Pillar 5. eKranti – Electronic Delivery of Services
 Technology for Education – e–Education  Technology for Farmers
Real time price information
All Schools connected with broadband
Online ordering of inputs
Free wifi in all schools (250,000)
Online cash, loan, relief payment with mobile
Digital Literacy program banking MOOCs – develop pilot Massive Online Open
Courses
 Technology for Health – e–Healthcare
Online medical consultation
Online medical records
Online medicine supply
Pan–India exchange for patient

Peak Power Reduction By Controlling Clock Using Path...
Peak Power Reduction by controlling clock using path clustering
Sindhu V1 and Mr.P.Nagarajan2
1PG Scholar, Dept of ECE, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women,
ssshaadhu@gmail.com
2Assistant professor,Dept of ECE, Vivekanandha college of engineering for Women
,greennagarajan@gmail.com
Abstract–Power reduction is an major challenge in the integrated circuit design since it degrades the
chip performance the reliability. Frequent transistor switching caused due to large IR–voltage drops
gives raise to timing violations and logic failures. A new clock control strategy is been introduced in
this paper such that the simultaneous switching of the combinational paths is minimized. This is
achieved by clustering the delay slacks having similar slack values. Once the paths are identified
based on the path delays and their slack values the clustering algorithm determines the path to
clusters in a load balanced manner based on the slack values and each cluster will have a phase shift
possible on its clock depending on the slack.
INTRODUCTION
Low power has emerged as a major goal in today's electronics industry. The motivations for
reducing power consumption differ from application to application. For high performance, portable
computers, such as laptop and notebook computers, the goal is to reduce the power dissipation of
the electronics portion of the system to a point that is about half of the total power dissipation
(including that of display and hard disk).
Peak

Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of VRLOG HDL
5.2.1 OVERVIEW OF VERILOG HDL Verilog HDL is a Hardware Description Language (HDL).
A Hardware Description Language is a language used to depict an advanced framework, for
instance, a PC or a part of a PC. One may portray a computerized framework at a few levels. For
instance, a HDL may depict the design of the wires, resistors and transistors on an Integrated Circuit
(IC) chip, i.e., and the switch level. A significantly more elevated amount depicts the registers and
the exchanges of vectors of data between registers. This is known as the Register Transfer Level
(RTL).Verilog description if found to be simpler than VHDL. Verilog was developed and presented
in 1985 by Gateway Design System Corporation, now a some piece of Cadence Design Systems, ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After CTS hold slack ought to progress. Time tree starts at .sdc characterized time source and
closures at stop pins of lemon. There are two sorts of stop pins which are known as overlook sticks
and sync pins. 'Try not to touch' circuits and sticks in front end (rationale blend) are dealt with as
"disregard" circuits or pins at back end (physical amalgamation). "Overlook" pins are overlooked
for timing investigation. In the event that clock is separated then separate skew examination is
essential. Global skew accomplishes zero skew between two synchronous pins without considering
rationale relationship. Local skew accomplishes zero skew between two synchronous pins while
considering rationale relationship. If clock is skewed deliberately to enhance setup slack then it is
known as helpful skew. In clock tree optimization (CTO) protecting of clock is performed so
commotion is not blended to different signals. Yet, shielding area improved by 12 to 15%. Since the
clock signal is worldwide in nature the same metal layer utilized for force directing is utilized for
clock moreover. CTO is moderately accomplished by cushion measuring, entryway estimating,
cradle migration, level change and HFN synthesis.The endeavor to upgrade setup slack in
preplacement, in position and post circumstance improvement before CTS stages while slighting
hold slack. In post circumstance improvement after CTS hold slack

Interface Design For An Interactive And Responsive...
Student Name: AARON MERRICK Type of Project: Research 0 Practical Implementation 1
Working Title of Dissertation: Interface Design For an Interactive and Responsive Electronic
Appliances E–Commerce Website Aims and Objectives of Dissertation (e.g. purpose of study,
specific hypotheses): Producing a mobile first website design that will focus on UX and responsive
of an Electronic Appliances E–Commerce Website. The website will be made responsive to fit
across desktop, tablet and mobile viewports. Focused on maintaining good design practises when
designing the UX, Responsiveness. Methodology (procedure for solving the problem): Conducting
interviews with different users about types of E–commerce websites that like and what about the
websites that they dislike. Interviewing students and users to discuss concerns and possible solutions
to their concerns. Research published resources on UX, HTA and responsive design and how they
have an impact on designs. Researching how users use websites and how they like navigating
through websites. Research if parallax websites help to keep users interested in the site or put users
off. Research published resources on parallax design and how they have an impact on designs.
Design tests will be carried out at different stages of the design development by users to see if the
design is user friendly. If Applicable: Participants (Sample size, age group, procedure for
recruitment) The participants will be university students

Samsung Case Study
1. Identify and discuss the core marketing concepts that Samsung has adopted to shift its
competitive edge. ✓ Need, Wants, and Demands Samsung always try to develop products that fit
their customers' lifestyle by studying their tastes. Samsung focus finding out what's likely to sell
before consumers even know they want it. ✓ Target Market, Positioning, and Segmentation
Samsung focus on design, as they want to be the Marcedes of home electronics. Samsung
concentrate less on cost saving and more on coming up with unique products. ✓ Offering and
Brands Electronics, Good Design, Unique, Affordable Price ✓ Value and Satisfaction Samsung is
very committed to research as they listen to the feedback ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Can Samsung realistically expect to compete with Sony? YES. Let's look at all the achievements
Samsung got: ✓ This year, Samsung won five citations in the Industrial Design Excellence Award
(IDEA) – making it the first Asian company to win more prizes than any European or American
rival. Since 2000, it has won 19 IDEA awards. ✓ Since 2000, Samsung has earned a total of 100
citations at top design contests in the US, Europe, and Asia. ✓ Brokerage Hyundai Securities
expects Samsung to earn $10.3 billion on sales of $52.8 billion this year, up from profits of $5.2
billion and $39.8 billion in revenues last year. ✓ It has sold more than 10 million SGHE700s – the
first clamshell phone with a hidden antenna – racking up some $1.2 billion in profits since its debut
14 months ago. ✓ It's the first Asian company outside of Japan to use design to vault to the first tier
of global companies. Meanwhile, let's look at what happened to Sony: ✓ Sony has been losing some
if its edge in design – according to Makoto Kogure, head of the Japanese giant's TV division. ✓ In
January, Samsung was No. 3 with just 12.1% of LCD TV market share. In the last week of May,
Samsung inched ahead of Sony to

A Chip Off the New Block
Case Study #3: Contract for the International Sale of Goods
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
A chip off the new block
Semicontronics is an Australian manufacturing company that has been in the business of semi
manufactured electronics for over a decade. Semicontronics has a solid reputation for meeting
customer demands for quality products on time and on budget. The majority of Semicontronics
customers are international, mid–market manufacturing companies that produce generic electronics
such as cell phones, digital media players and game consoles. Retail stores in foreign countries
purchase the generic products and rebrand them for sale.
Recently, Semicontronics has been approached by Phoneson to act as a supplier ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
If Semicontronics can maintain its track record for supplying cost efficient, quality products on
target, it could open an entire new customer market for expansion. While negotiating the supplier
contract, Semicontronics realizes the memory in its current computer chips will have to be
significantly increased to support the technical capabilities of Phoneson's electronics. Its current
manufacturing plant in Brazil is not equipped to meet these new demands, and an upgrade at this
stage in a new customer endeavor is not economically feasible for Semicontronics. Semicontronics
realizes it must find a quality subcontractor with the capabilities to manufacture the Phoneson
computer chips, including the enhanced memory requirements.
Cash in your chips... After careful market research and consideration of options, Semicontronics
decides to subcontract the computer chip manufacturing to Singatron, a relatively new electronics
manufacturer in Singapore. Singapore has been a hotbed for electronics manufacturing, and
Singatron was created by venture capitalist hoping to get a foothold in Singapore's electronics
market, specifically, in the next generation of computer chips. Although Singatron markets itself as
a top quality manufacturer, its lack of experience is proving to be a major obstacle to it winning
contracts. The subcontracting offer from Semicontronics has the potential to be mutually beneficial
for both parties, because

Example Of A Statement Of Purpose Sample
situation shapes a man"– I still remember all these words from my high school chemistry teacher
which inspired me and made me realize that perseverance is the key to reach the sky.
Driven by passion, years later, I took the national level engineering entrance examination and
secured rank in top three percentile and I got admitted to Bachelor's degree program in
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli (NIT
Trichy). Although metallurgy ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Excellent research facilities combining with apposite guidance from eminent faculty will offer me
an invaluable opportunity to accomplish this feat. And I believe University of California, San Diego
is the ideal place to begin my quest. UCSD is among the best universities in the world and offers
excellent opportunities for research in materials science. Master's program in Materials science and
Engineering at your university is structured in such a way that it offer highly flexible, versatile yet
exhaustive course work. Being a world class university, UCSD offers high standard research
facilities and encourages interdisciplinary research. UCSD is also bestowed with eminent faculty
and

Pervasive Computing: IBM's Autonomic System and the...
Pervasive Computing: IBM's Autonomic System and the Cautions Necessary
Pervasive computing is here. It is being integrated into our society in as many ways that can be
thought up. Chips are popping up in everyday objects. Cars, planes, ships, phones, PDA's,
refrigerators, and soon a person's hat, shoes, and clothing. This is all well and good, the
advancement of technology is something that has always and will always be a constant in our
culture. The need for more interconnectivity is becoming more apparent in business, schools, and
personal lives. IBM is working on a project, called Autonomic Computing, which will create a
universal standard for technology and the integration of electronic devices. One of their claims for
The Autonomic Computing network will behave in a similar manner, having control its own system.
IBM suggests 8 elements that will be present in an autonomic system. The elements suggest a
computer system that is "self–aware," knowing its current status, configuration, and ultimate
capacity. The system will also be "self–healing" and "self–protecting." If the system experiences
partial failure, it will be able to repair and resume full functionality. The system needs to be able to
detect and repel attacks to the system. It also will need to be constantly searching for new ways to
improve itself and its communication with the users and other systems.
John Thackara, director of Door of Perception, conveyed his concern that pervasive computing is
infiltrating out society in such a way that we are becoming machine dependant. The problem with
the pervasive computing and the Autonomic System is that it removes the responsibility from our
lives. It is like the frog in boiling water story. If a frog is directly placed into a pot of boiling water,
it will jump out as fast as it was put in. If, however, the frog is placed in a pot of cold water that is
heated up, the frog – unaware of the slow yet constant increase in temperature, will be cooked
before it is aware of any danger. This scenario can be paralleled in our society. If a person 25 years
old from the 19th century were placed in today's society, that person would jump out in terror and

Design Of The Electronic Health Records System
The purpose of this section is to assist in formalizing ideas for the design of The Electronic Health
Records system. Speciﬁcally, this section will illustrate the unique attributes of individual Electronic
Health Records databases, explain how these databases are constructed, describe their uses and data
elements and types. It will also produce a detailed data model of the database to meet the end user
requirement.
The Enterprise Data Model System methodology has the following main stages:
At this stage, the specifics of the scope and the general content of the project has been identified and
is the first step in database development. It illustrates the overall picture of organizational data at a
high level of abstraction. In addition, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Database Implementation
1. Code Database Processing
2. Install new database contents from existing data sources
5. Database Maintenance
1. Analyze the database
2. Fix errors
3. Tune the database for improved performance
1. Conceptual database design:
It is a process of constructing a data model for each view of the real world problem which is
independent of physical considerations. This stage involves assessing the informational needs of an
organization so that a database can be designed to meet those needs.
This step involves:
Constructing the ER Model
Checking the model for redundancy
Validating the model against user transactions to ensure all the scenarios are supported
ER Modelling:
This is a pictorial representation of the real world problem in terms of entities (which have
attributes) and relations between the entities is referred to as ER diagram.
The proposed EMR Model comprises:
Entities
Relations
Attributes
EHR Conceptual Information Model
Basically, the EHR conceptual informational model displays an overall high–level view of the

relationship between the data concepts found in the HER (Canadian Institute for Health Information
[CIHI, 2011]).
This diagram illustrates the major concepts in the EHR and does not reveal all details. Although the
concepts in the diagram are named in the singular, they represent multiple occurrences and are
referred to in the plural where appropriate in the narrative below (Figure 1)

Ahmedabad Technological University : Ahmedabad
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Chandkheda, Ahmedabad
Affiliated
SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
A
Project Report
On
REVERSE VOLTAGE MULTILEVEL INVERTER
Under the subject
PROJECT–I
B. E. IV, Semester –VII (ELECTRICAL Branch)
Submitted by
Name of student Enrolment No.
Bela Nagabhai (140413109002)
Patel Dharmil (140413109013)
Prajapati Bhavesh (140413109018)
Rathod Darshan (140413109021)
Prof. Mulav P. Rathod, Prof. Rakesh C. Gajjar
(Faculty Guide)
Dr. C.D.Kotwal

Head of the Department
Academic year (2016–17)
Acknowledgement
This project has been carried out at the department of the electrical engineering at S.V.I.T. Vasad. It
has been great opportunity to work with this project and get knowledge about this area of the power
electronics. We are thankful to Dr. C.D. Kotwal Head of electrical engineering for his full flagged
encouragement during this study. We would like to thank our project guide Prof. Mulav Rathod and
the faculties of electrical department. Nagabhai Bela Dharmil Patel Bhavesh Prajapati

Essay about Custom Mode Inc. Case Study
Team 3:
Team 3:
Case Study: Custom Molds, INC
Case Study: Custom Molds, INC
Custom Molds Inc., manufactures custom designed molds for plastic parts and produces custom
made plastic connectors for the electronics industry. Established in 1987, the primary focus was to
provide manufacturers or electronic connectors a source of high–quality custom–designed molds for
producing plastic parts. After building a strong brand reputation through the designing and
fabrication of precision molds, Custom Mold's expanded into the limited manufacture of plastic
parts. The operations at Custom Mold's include a process for fabricating molds and a second process
for producing plastic parts. The two processes are linked together, but are ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Based on the changing electronic industry and business demands, Custom Molds should correct
major issues by adopting the following recommendations. The molding process should focus on
small batch sizes and purchase more small and customizable machines. More workers should be
hired to oversee the production since there is more labor needed to prepare the machine for each
customized mold. The plastic parts process should focus on few but large capacity specialized
machines. Fewer workers will be needed to oversee this process because there are few setting
changes needed. To control the problem of late deliveries, a better communication system between
offices should be implemented so workers do not need to walk back and forth between offices.
Orders should also be accepted based on the ability to complete the product in the time that is
promised to the customer. More efficient communication between all departments would result in a
more accurate estimated delivery time. To control errors resulting in defective parts, Custom Molds
should invest in moving the testing center to a more centrally located area. More frequent testing
and less walking will increase efficiency and decrease defective products. An alternative option to
the recommendations listed, is for Custom Molds Inc. to evaluate the market for the products they
produce and to decide to make either molds or plastic parts. The key factors that should be
considered while

The Clifton Industries Case Study Essay
The current situation of our company
Table 1 the comparison between North American and European market | market | Competition |
volume | margins | lead times | price | North American | Huge | significantly more competitive | Huge
| | shorter | More price–sensitive | European | | | smaller | satisfactory | | Pressure on price |
The characteristics of its marketing
1 two major market areas: The first was to supply products of a type similar to our current
electromechanical designs to North American aircraft manufacturers. The second was to design and
manufacture electronic products for Europe and North America.
2 time was pressing. the lead time between contracts being signed and initial deliveries got
increasingly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The North American market is very price–sensitive, and some components, like OE and spares
which are in the mature period of their life circle, the traditional cost system seems to be a method
for them in this company. Thus, in the situation that price is almost the most important order–
winning criterion. Traditional cost system is judged in that it is suitable to manufacture the required
product at minimum cost and efficiency.
However, as a new member with a new product, electronic product in North American market, the
reputation is also an important attribute. Especially, quick delivery time is a key attribute for this
company, due to the demand of quick delivery in all markets. Moreover, the manufacturing process
of the new product, electronic product, on which our company will definitely focus, has a lot
demands. Such as, technology, innovation and quick delivery time even the ability to make the
product be the first one appearing in the market (other company, which is developing the same
product, may become our competitive opponents). Especially, technology is predicted to play the
most important role in the manufacturing process. On the other hand, the traditional cost system has
a lot of limitations. Traditional costing system focuses on the cost reduction and the efficiency,
particular the products with relatively few standardized components; Clifton, however, produces a
wide range of airplane components. In addition, nonfinancial aspects of

Implementation Of 8x8 Modified Booth Multiplier With Hpm...
Figure 3.6: Implementation of 8x8 Modified Booth Multiplier with HPM Reduction Method [4]
The Figure.3.6 shows the implementation 8x8 modified booth multiplier using High Performance
Multiplier (HPM) reduction method [4]. The modified booth algorithm is a predominant high
performance multiplier which has low number of partial products row. The generation of these
partial products is quite complex to implement in hardware. So in this work has used a straight
forward way of implementing a Signed and Unsigned Multiplication using Baugh–Wooley
Algorithm with HPM reduction tree method. Baugh–Wooley Multiplier with HPM reduction tree is
discussed in Chapter Six.
CHAPTER FOUR: LOW–POWER DESIGN
4.1 Introduction:
In earlier stages of VLSI circuit design the emphasis is on Area and Speed optimization giving
concerns to Packaging and Efficient designing. As the technology scales down according to
predictions of Moor's Law, it is advent that the CMOS dimensions have been scaled down
drastically. But due to increase in use of Portable Devices Such as Cellphones, Laptops, Personal
Health Monitoring systems, there has been a demand of higher battery life for Portable devices.
Whereas big data centers which contains large set of circuits consumes tremendous power and
dissipates large amount of heat which incurs huge cost to maintain. The solution for these problems
is to design circuits which consume low power which give rise to the concept of Low–Power VLSI
designing.
As this

Substrate Coupling And Its Impact On Mixed Signal...
Abstract–– In this Paper, issues related to substrate coupling in system on chip design are described
and demonstrated including the physical phenomenon responsible for its creation, coupling
transmission mechanism and media, parameter affecting coupling strengths and its impact on mixed
signal integrated circuits. A test chip to find out various aspect of mixed signal interference is
planned in 0.8µm N well P sub CMOS technology 5V double poly double metal process. Basic aim
of chip is to find out magnitude of interference happening when analog and digital circuit is placed
nearby on a common substrate. An instrumentation amplifier with high CMRR is also designed for
noise sensing. MOSFET capacitors at the input of instrumentation amplifier are used for the picking
of substrate interference. The test chip dimension are 3mm4mm, the periphery is formed by 26
digital input pads with 2 digital supply pads, 20 analog pads and 2 analog supply pads.
Key words– CMOS, Mixed Signal Interference, Substrate Coupling, Guard Banding.
Introduction
The semiconductor industry constantly demanding greater features miniaturization, device density
and lower cost. It has motivated the combination of analog circuit with digital subsystem. Analog
circuits contain extremely sensitive circuits e.g. opamp and comparator which can take a few µvolt
of signal at their input and convert them to several volts at their outputs. Digital circuits on the other
hand operate with rapidly switching waveforms

Computer Engineering : A New Class Of Power Conscious Cad...
Navjeet Singh / March 15, 1995 / Applying for MS – Computer Engineering – Fall '17, The Bradley
Dept. of ECE STATEMENT OF PURPOSE I could either watch it happen, or be a part of it – Elon
Reeve Musk
To meet our growing technological demands – Electronic Chips must be designed to be more
powerful and efficient as they shrink. However, is there a limitation to it? – A naive me pondered 3
years ago. In today's world, Energy efficiency and performance have become the primary focus; an
era where low–power dissipating microelectronic circuits are required for battery–operated
applications while maintaining computational throughput. A multifaceted approach which includes –
employing better design techniques and development of a new class of power conscious CAD tools
should be employed with a goal to design low power circuits having an optimum power–area–delay
trade–off.
Although my academic parameters and merit–based Prime Minster scholarship indicate strong
academic performance, what defines me is my constant yearning to learn by going beyond the
required curriculum through active participation in various technical events and seminar. During my
sophomore year, I was introduced to the field of VLSI design while working in IEEE Electronics
and Robotics Special Interest Group through a seminar on the topic "The Death of Moore's Law will
spur innovation", predicting the rise in performance of FPGAs

Electronic Engineering Technician Job Analysis
In the world as we know it today, technology has evolved in a way that it has become an everyday
necessity, an integral part of our daily lives. Although this is the case, most people do not know the
basic fundamentals of how this technology works. Many people do not know how to repair and
troubleshoot the basic things they need. This is why we need electronics engineering technicians.
"Electrical and electronics engineering technicians help engineers design and develop computers,
communications equipment, medical monitoring devices, navigational equipment, and other
electrical and electronic equipment. They often work in product evaluation and testing, and use
measuring and diagnostic devices to adjust, test, and repair equipment. They are also involved in the
For electronics engineering technicians, the job outlook from 2016–2026 is 2 percent to 4 percent,
which is slower than average (BLS). This could be due to the fact that the economy is changing, and
the fact that we are using more machines to build things for us, rather than people. Also, electronics
engineering technicians can expect to earn a middle class income, especially after they have a few
years of experience. "Most electrical and electronics engineering technicians earned between
$35,880 and $87,840 in May 2014. The average wage for these professionals was $60,330"
(Learn.org). Depending on many factors, like the employer and lifestyle, you can live a comfortable
live with this wage. In the same way, benefits you may receive depend on many factors, such as the
employer, work environment, and lifestyle. "Generally, benefits include medical, dental, vision,
retirement, and life insurance plans, as well as holidays. Some employers offer profit sharing, stock
purchase plans, and bonuses. Temporary agencies may offer fewer benefits"

Engineering Design Process
Engineering Design Process Flight decks on planes are a complex series of buttons, switches, knobs
and lights. But pilots use each of these controls to operate a different piece of equipment and
navigate the plane safely. How do engineers design the flight deck so it works most efficiently for a
pilot? Its questions like that which must be asked and successfully answered for a piece of
equipment to be functional and successful in a plane. Kirschen Seah is a systems engineer for a
commercial avionics electronics company. She works closely with other engineers in her company,
as well as with customers to imagine, design and evaluate new flight deck controls. Understanding
the Design Process You may wonder how they come up with the design for ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The designer starts making a rough model by using simple things like clay and ping–pong balls.
Keeping the materials and design simple and flexible allows the designer to easily experiment with
and change the prototype. A prototype is the first working draft of a piece of equipment. Once the
designer is satisfied with the shape, they make a drawing of the controller on a computer. Using the
computer allows the team to change the components shape and move the knobs and switches around
easily. Once they have an initial
concept drawn up for the controller, they can "print" a three–dimensional copy of the controller
using a special device called a stereolithography printer. This lets them handle the controller and
check out the feel and position of the buttons, knobs and trackball. If they want to change their
position it is still easy to do at this phase. If this all goes well, they are ready for testing. Kirschen
helps with the projects by providing hardware and software, which simulate an aircraft flight deck.
This mockup allows designers to test out new designs. Here designers can evaluate their projects in
a dynamic flight simulation and make sure they work correctly and are easy for the pilots to use.
Once the component has successfully passed on the requirements it is ready for delivery to the
client. How Can You Think Like and Engineer Engineering and science are largely about using a
process to ask and answer

Oi 361

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Oi 361

Similar to Oi 361 (14)

More from Angela Dominguez

More from Angela Dominguez (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Oi 361