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Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE HUANCAVELICA
ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE MINAS
PRACTICA DE LA ASIGNATURA DE MATEMATICA BASICA
1). Expresarel area (A) deun triangulo isoceles en funcion desuslados,siendo x loslados
igualesy z el lado desigual.
Solucion:
Hallando el área porel termino del semi perímetro.
𝑠 = √𝑝(𝑝 − 𝑎)(𝑝 − 𝑏)(𝑝 − 𝑐)
𝑠 = √(2𝑥 + 𝑧)(𝑥 + 𝑧)2(2𝑥)
𝑠 = (𝑥 + 𝑧)√ (2𝑥 + 𝑧)(2𝑥)
‫ﭵ‬═>dado un valor a unos de sus lados pero que sea 𝒛+
═> x > 5
═>F(x) = 𝒙 + 𝟔 √(𝟏𝟎 + 𝒛)𝟏𝟎 ═> el área es la función de su lado diferente, cuando sus
lados son iguales de los triángulos isósceles se da un valor.
═> dado un valor al otro lado pero que, z > 6.
═> F(x) = 𝒙 + 𝟔 √(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔)𝟐𝒙 ═> el área de un triangulo isósceles de un función o sus
lados iguales en una función de un valor del lado distinto.
2). E área de una superficieesférica es A=4𝜋𝑟2 y su volumen:V =4/3(π𝑟3) expresar:
SOLUCION:
A = 4 π 𝑟2
; V = ¾ (𝜋 𝑟3
)
a) El radio en función desu volumen.
r (v) = ?
V=4/3(π𝑟3
)
r= √
3𝑣
4𝜋
3
Rpta.
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
b) El volumen en funcion de su area.
V(a)=?
Solucion:
𝐴 = 4𝜋𝑟2 == r = √
𝐴
4𝜋
2
Sabemosque:
V=4/3 .π𝑟3
Remplasamos:
V=4/3π[√
𝐴
4𝜋
2
]
3
.:. V=4/3π[√
𝐴
4𝜋
2
]
3
Rpta.
c) el area en funcion desu volumen.
Solucion:
A(v) =?
sabemos que: 𝐴 = 4𝜋𝑟2 A=4𝜋[√
3𝑉
4𝜋
3
]
2
.:. A=4𝜋 [√
3𝑉
4𝜋
3
]
2
Rpta.
3) si f es una funcion de variablereal tal que f(x + 3)=𝑥2 – 1 determinar;
𝑓 =
(𝑎+𝑏)−𝑓(−2)
(𝑎−𝑏)
,a=2
Solución:
f(x + 3)=𝑥2 – 1 sea x+3=a , x= a-3
remplazando
F(a) =[𝒂 − 𝟑]𝟐
- 1
.:. F(x) =[𝒙 − 𝟑]𝟐
- 1 , F(-2) = 24
Determinar;: f =(a+b) – f(-2)/a – 2 , a≠2
F= (a+b) – 24/a-2 = a – 2/a -2 + b – 22/a – 2 ,; .:. == 1+
𝒃−𝟐𝟐
𝒂−𝟐
¥. Rpta.
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
4)F es un funciónde variablereal tal que F ( 1

x )=𝑥2+2x-3 hallarF 1
2 
x
F ( 1

x )= 𝑥2+2x-3
F(x) = (𝑥2 + 1)2 + 2(𝑥2 + 1) – 3
Hallando :
F ( 1
2 
x )= ( 1
2
( 
x )2 + 1) 2 + 2( 1
2
( 
x )2 + 1) - 3
F ( 1
2 
x ) = (2𝑥 + 2)2 + 4x + 4 – 3
F ( 1
2 
x ) = 4𝑥2 + 8x + 4x + 5
F ( 1
2 
x ) = 4𝑥2 + 12x + 5 Rpta.
5) Sea la funcion F: N  N tal que F (x)=3x+2 cuantasdelas siguientesafirmacionesson
verdaderas.
a) F(F(2)) =
𝑭(17) − 1
2
(V)
F (8) =
𝟓𝟑 −1
2
26 = 26 Rpta.
b) F(5a + 7b) = 5F(a) + 7F(b) (F)
c)
𝑭(𝑎+𝑏) − 𝑭(𝑎)
𝑏
= 3 (V)
𝟑(𝑎+𝑏+2−(3𝑎+2)
𝑏
= 3
𝟑𝑏
𝑏
= 3
3 = 3 Rpta.
d) b
a
F
a
N
b 

 )
(
/
3
: ( V )
3a = N  F(a) = b Rpta.
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
6) Sabiendo queFes una función tal queF (x+3)= F (x) + F (3) R
x
 , cualde las siguientes
proposicionesson correctas
*F (3) = F (0) + F (3) * F (0) = F (-3) + F (3)
F (0) = F (3) - F (3) = 0 F (-3) = -F(3) Rpta.
F (0) = 0 Rpta.
* F (x+3)= F (x) + F (3)
F (12)= F (3) + F (3) + F (3) + F (3)
F (12)= 4 F (3) Rpta.
7) Hallar el dominio y rango y trazarsu grafica de la función
F (x) =
𝑥3+ 4𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 3
F (x) =
(𝑥+2)(𝑥+3)(𝑥−1)
(𝑥+3)(𝑥−1)
F (x) = x + 2
Dom F (x) = R - {-3, 1 } Rpta.
Ran F (x) = R - {- 1, 3 } Rpta.
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
8) Hallar el dominio y rango y trazarla grafica de la función
F (x) =
𝑥4− 3𝑥3− 11𝑥2+ 23𝑥+ 6
𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6
F (x) =
(𝑥−2)(𝑥3− 𝑥2− 13𝑥−3
( 𝑥 −2)(𝑥+3)
F (x) =
(𝑥−2)(𝑥+3)( 𝑥2− 4𝑥−1)
( 𝑥 −2)(𝑥+3)
F (x) = 𝑥2- 4x -1
F (x) = (𝑥 − 2)2 − 5
V = (2, -5)
Dom F (x) = R - {-3,2 } Rpta.
Ran F (x) =  

 ,
5 − {𝟐𝟎} Rpta.
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
9) 𝐹 (𝑥) =
9𝑥2− 16
3𝑥+4
F (x) =
(3𝑥+4)(3𝑥−4)
3𝑥+4
F (x) = 3x - 4
x  -4/3
Dom F (x) = R - {-4/3 } Rpta.
Ran F (x) = 𝑹 − {−𝟖} Rpta.
10) Encontrarel dominio dela funcion y trazarel grafico de :¨
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
F (x) =
(𝑥4−13𝑥2+36)𝑥
𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18
F (x) =
(𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18)(𝑥−2)𝑥
𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18
F (x) = 𝑥2 - 2x
F (x) = (𝑥 − 1)2 − 1
V = (1, -1)
Dom F (x) = R - {-2,-3,3 } Rpta.
Ran F (x) =  

 ,
1 − {3,8.15} Rpta.
11) Averiguarlas abscisasdondela funcion esdiscontinua siendo :
F (x) =
(𝑥3+ 2𝑥2+ 𝑥+ 2)(𝑥2−25)
(𝑥2−5 𝑥+ 6)( 𝑥2−2𝑥−35)
.𝑓 
R (𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 2)( 𝑥2 − 25)  0
𝑥  2 ; 𝑥 3 ; 𝑥  − 5 ; 𝑥 7
son las abscisasdondela función es discontinua.
12) Encontrarel dominio y el rango dela función y averiguarla discontinuidad delasabcsisas
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
De:
𝑭 (𝑥) =
𝑥3−2𝑥2
𝑥−2
F (x) =
𝑥2(𝑥−2)
(𝑥−2)
; x=2 es discontinua
F (x) = 𝑥2 ; 𝑥  2
Dom F (x) = R - {2 } Rpta.
Ran F (x) =  

,
0 − {𝟒} Rpta.
13) F y G no son funciones
14) F y G no son funciones
15) F (x) = 2x – x = x ; G (x) =
𝑥−1
𝑥−2
; H(x) = 2x + 3
a) F (x) = 2x – x = x
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
sean x1,x2 Dom 𝑓, luego F (x1) = F (x2) si cumple
2(x1)-x1 = 2(x2)-x2
x1 = x2
F(x1) = F (x2) → x1 = x2
𝑓 es inyectiva. Rpta.
b) G (x) =
𝑥−1
𝑥−2
𝑥 2 F: A  B dondeB es conjunto dellegada
toda función es sobreyectiva sino se especifica el conjunto dellegada
G es sobreyectiva Rpta.
C) ; H(x) = 2x + 3
sean x1, x2 Dom ℎ, luego ℎ (x1) = ℎ (x2) si cumple
2(x1) + 3 = 2(x2) + 3
x1 = x2
ℎ (x1) = ℎ (x2) → x1 = x2 Domf
x
x 
 2
;
1
ℎ es inyectiva y sobreyectiva → ℎ 𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 Rpta.
16) A = {2,4,6,8} ; B = {2,3,5,8} (conjunto imagen deA)
𝑓 : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8}
𝑓 = {(2,5);(4,5);(8,8);(6,8)} Ran F (x) {5,8)
Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad
𝑓 No es sobreyectiva ; 𝑓 No es inyectiva
𝑓(2) = 𝑓(4) = 5 ; debeser diferente
𝑔 : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8} ;
𝑔 = {(2,2);(6,3);(4,6);(8,5)} Ran g (x) {2,3,5,6}
𝑔 No es sobreyectiva ; 𝑔 es inyectiva
ℎ : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8} ;
ℎ = {(2,8);(6,5);(4,5);(8,2)} Ran h (x) {2,8,5}
h No es sobreyectiva ; ℎ no es inyectiva
h(4)=h(6)= 5

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Analisis matematico

  • 1. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE HUANCAVELICA ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE MINAS PRACTICA DE LA ASIGNATURA DE MATEMATICA BASICA 1). Expresarel area (A) deun triangulo isoceles en funcion desuslados,siendo x loslados igualesy z el lado desigual. Solucion: Hallando el área porel termino del semi perímetro. 𝑠 = √𝑝(𝑝 − 𝑎)(𝑝 − 𝑏)(𝑝 − 𝑐) 𝑠 = √(2𝑥 + 𝑧)(𝑥 + 𝑧)2(2𝑥) 𝑠 = (𝑥 + 𝑧)√ (2𝑥 + 𝑧)(2𝑥) ‫ﭵ‬═>dado un valor a unos de sus lados pero que sea 𝒛+ ═> x > 5 ═>F(x) = 𝒙 + 𝟔 √(𝟏𝟎 + 𝒛)𝟏𝟎 ═> el área es la función de su lado diferente, cuando sus lados son iguales de los triángulos isósceles se da un valor. ═> dado un valor al otro lado pero que, z > 6. ═> F(x) = 𝒙 + 𝟔 √(𝟐𝒙 + 𝟔)𝟐𝒙 ═> el área de un triangulo isósceles de un función o sus lados iguales en una función de un valor del lado distinto. 2). E área de una superficieesférica es A=4𝜋𝑟2 y su volumen:V =4/3(π𝑟3) expresar: SOLUCION: A = 4 π 𝑟2 ; V = ¾ (𝜋 𝑟3 ) a) El radio en función desu volumen. r (v) = ? V=4/3(π𝑟3 ) r= √ 3𝑣 4𝜋 3 Rpta.
  • 2. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad b) El volumen en funcion de su area. V(a)=? Solucion: 𝐴 = 4𝜋𝑟2 == r = √ 𝐴 4𝜋 2 Sabemosque: V=4/3 .π𝑟3 Remplasamos: V=4/3π[√ 𝐴 4𝜋 2 ] 3 .:. V=4/3π[√ 𝐴 4𝜋 2 ] 3 Rpta. c) el area en funcion desu volumen. Solucion: A(v) =? sabemos que: 𝐴 = 4𝜋𝑟2 A=4𝜋[√ 3𝑉 4𝜋 3 ] 2 .:. A=4𝜋 [√ 3𝑉 4𝜋 3 ] 2 Rpta. 3) si f es una funcion de variablereal tal que f(x + 3)=𝑥2 – 1 determinar; 𝑓 = (𝑎+𝑏)−𝑓(−2) (𝑎−𝑏) ,a=2 Solución: f(x + 3)=𝑥2 – 1 sea x+3=a , x= a-3 remplazando F(a) =[𝒂 − 𝟑]𝟐 - 1 .:. F(x) =[𝒙 − 𝟑]𝟐 - 1 , F(-2) = 24 Determinar;: f =(a+b) – f(-2)/a – 2 , a≠2 F= (a+b) – 24/a-2 = a – 2/a -2 + b – 22/a – 2 ,; .:. == 1+ 𝒃−𝟐𝟐 𝒂−𝟐 ¥. Rpta.
  • 3. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad 4)F es un funciónde variablereal tal que F ( 1  x )=𝑥2+2x-3 hallarF 1 2  x F ( 1  x )= 𝑥2+2x-3 F(x) = (𝑥2 + 1)2 + 2(𝑥2 + 1) – 3 Hallando : F ( 1 2  x )= ( 1 2 (  x )2 + 1) 2 + 2( 1 2 (  x )2 + 1) - 3 F ( 1 2  x ) = (2𝑥 + 2)2 + 4x + 4 – 3 F ( 1 2  x ) = 4𝑥2 + 8x + 4x + 5 F ( 1 2  x ) = 4𝑥2 + 12x + 5 Rpta. 5) Sea la funcion F: N  N tal que F (x)=3x+2 cuantasdelas siguientesafirmacionesson verdaderas. a) F(F(2)) = 𝑭(17) − 1 2 (V) F (8) = 𝟓𝟑 −1 2 26 = 26 Rpta. b) F(5a + 7b) = 5F(a) + 7F(b) (F) c) 𝑭(𝑎+𝑏) − 𝑭(𝑎) 𝑏 = 3 (V) 𝟑(𝑎+𝑏+2−(3𝑎+2) 𝑏 = 3 𝟑𝑏 𝑏 = 3 3 = 3 Rpta. d) b a F a N b    ) ( / 3 : ( V ) 3a = N  F(a) = b Rpta.
  • 4. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad 6) Sabiendo queFes una función tal queF (x+3)= F (x) + F (3) R x  , cualde las siguientes proposicionesson correctas *F (3) = F (0) + F (3) * F (0) = F (-3) + F (3) F (0) = F (3) - F (3) = 0 F (-3) = -F(3) Rpta. F (0) = 0 Rpta. * F (x+3)= F (x) + F (3) F (12)= F (3) + F (3) + F (3) + F (3) F (12)= 4 F (3) Rpta. 7) Hallar el dominio y rango y trazarsu grafica de la función F (x) = 𝑥3+ 4𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 3 F (x) = (𝑥+2)(𝑥+3)(𝑥−1) (𝑥+3)(𝑥−1) F (x) = x + 2 Dom F (x) = R - {-3, 1 } Rpta. Ran F (x) = R - {- 1, 3 } Rpta.
  • 5. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad 8) Hallar el dominio y rango y trazarla grafica de la función F (x) = 𝑥4− 3𝑥3− 11𝑥2+ 23𝑥+ 6 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 6 F (x) = (𝑥−2)(𝑥3− 𝑥2− 13𝑥−3 ( 𝑥 −2)(𝑥+3) F (x) = (𝑥−2)(𝑥+3)( 𝑥2− 4𝑥−1) ( 𝑥 −2)(𝑥+3) F (x) = 𝑥2- 4x -1 F (x) = (𝑥 − 2)2 − 5 V = (2, -5) Dom F (x) = R - {-3,2 } Rpta. Ran F (x) =     , 5 − {𝟐𝟎} Rpta.
  • 6. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad 9) 𝐹 (𝑥) = 9𝑥2− 16 3𝑥+4 F (x) = (3𝑥+4)(3𝑥−4) 3𝑥+4 F (x) = 3x - 4 x  -4/3 Dom F (x) = R - {-4/3 } Rpta. Ran F (x) = 𝑹 − {−𝟖} Rpta. 10) Encontrarel dominio dela funcion y trazarel grafico de :¨
  • 7. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad F (x) = (𝑥4−13𝑥2+36)𝑥 𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18 F (x) = (𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18)(𝑥−2)𝑥 𝑥3+2𝑥2−9 𝑥 −18 F (x) = 𝑥2 - 2x F (x) = (𝑥 − 1)2 − 1 V = (1, -1) Dom F (x) = R - {-2,-3,3 } Rpta. Ran F (x) =     , 1 − {3,8.15} Rpta. 11) Averiguarlas abscisasdondela funcion esdiscontinua siendo : F (x) = (𝑥3+ 2𝑥2+ 𝑥+ 2)(𝑥2−25) (𝑥2−5 𝑥+ 6)( 𝑥2−2𝑥−35) .𝑓  R (𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 2)( 𝑥2 − 25)  0 𝑥  2 ; 𝑥 3 ; 𝑥  − 5 ; 𝑥 7 son las abscisasdondela función es discontinua. 12) Encontrarel dominio y el rango dela función y averiguarla discontinuidad delasabcsisas
  • 8. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad De: 𝑭 (𝑥) = 𝑥3−2𝑥2 𝑥−2 F (x) = 𝑥2(𝑥−2) (𝑥−2) ; x=2 es discontinua F (x) = 𝑥2 ; 𝑥  2 Dom F (x) = R - {2 } Rpta. Ran F (x) =    , 0 − {𝟒} Rpta. 13) F y G no son funciones 14) F y G no son funciones 15) F (x) = 2x – x = x ; G (x) = 𝑥−1 𝑥−2 ; H(x) = 2x + 3 a) F (x) = 2x – x = x
  • 9. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad sean x1,x2 Dom 𝑓, luego F (x1) = F (x2) si cumple 2(x1)-x1 = 2(x2)-x2 x1 = x2 F(x1) = F (x2) → x1 = x2 𝑓 es inyectiva. Rpta. b) G (x) = 𝑥−1 𝑥−2 𝑥 2 F: A  B dondeB es conjunto dellegada toda función es sobreyectiva sino se especifica el conjunto dellegada G es sobreyectiva Rpta. C) ; H(x) = 2x + 3 sean x1, x2 Dom ℎ, luego ℎ (x1) = ℎ (x2) si cumple 2(x1) + 3 = 2(x2) + 3 x1 = x2 ℎ (x1) = ℎ (x2) → x1 = x2 Domf x x   2 ; 1 ℎ es inyectiva y sobreyectiva → ℎ 𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑖𝑦𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎 Rpta. 16) A = {2,4,6,8} ; B = {2,3,5,8} (conjunto imagen deA) 𝑓 : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8} 𝑓 = {(2,5);(4,5);(8,8);(6,8)} Ran F (x) {5,8)
  • 10. Año de la integración nacional y el reconocimiento de nuestra diversidad 𝑓 No es sobreyectiva ; 𝑓 No es inyectiva 𝑓(2) = 𝑓(4) = 5 ; debeser diferente 𝑔 : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8} ; 𝑔 = {(2,2);(6,3);(4,6);(8,5)} Ran g (x) {2,3,5,6} 𝑔 No es sobreyectiva ; 𝑔 es inyectiva ℎ : A = {2,4,6,8}  B = {2,3,5,8} ; ℎ = {(2,8);(6,5);(4,5);(8,2)} Ran h (x) {2,8,5} h No es sobreyectiva ; ℎ no es inyectiva h(4)=h(6)= 5