1. Matter
By physical method
PURE
MIXTURE SUBSTANCE
HOMOGEN HETEROGEN
ELEMENT COMPOUND
MIXTURE MIXTURE

2. A MIXTURE is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically united and do
not exist in fixed proportions to each other. Most natural substances are mixtures.
A homogeneous mixture has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout.
Many homogeneous mixtures are commonly referred to as solutions.
Particle size distinguishes homogeneous solutions from other heterogeneous mixtures. Solutions
have particles which are the size of atoms or molecules - too small to be seen.
A colloid is a homogeneous solution with intermediate particle size between a solution and a
suspension. Colloid particles may be seen in a beam of light such as dust in air in a "shaft" of
sunlight. Milk, fog, and jello are examples of colloids.
Corn oil is homogeneous, White vinegar is homogeneous. A sugar solution is homogeneous
since only a colorless liquid is observed. Air with no clouds is homogeneous
A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances or phases. The three phases or
states of matter are gas, liquid, and solid.
Graphic on the left of "Dancing Raisins" shows liquid, solid, and gas substances in a
heterogeneous mixture
In contrast a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of larger particles. These particles are
visible and will settle out on standing. Examples of suspensions are: fine sand or silt in water or
tomato juice. For example beach sand is heterogeneous since you can see different colored
particles. Vinegar and oil salad dressing is heterogeneous since two liquid layers are present, as
well as solids. Air with clouds is heterogeneous, as the clouds contain tiny droplets of liquid
water.

4. Different of solid, liquid, and gas
Forms of matter
Matter exists in several different forms:
solid
o Solids keep their shape.
o Solid surfaces do not move a lot when pushed.
o Rocks, wood and ice are solids.
liquid
o Liquids take the shape of their containers.
o Liquids move easily when pushed.
o Water, lava, and things to drink are liquids.
gas
o Gases also take the shape of their containers.
o Gases move very easily when pushed.
o The air close to the earth is made of gases.
o Steam is a gas.
Elements Chemical Properties Virtual ChemBook

5. What are Mixtures and Solutions?
A MIXTURE is a combination of two or more substances
that are not chemically united and do not exist in fixed
proportions to each other. Most natural substances are
mixtures.
In the graphic on the left there are four substances - water,
alcohol, oil, and food color dye.
MIXTURES PURE COMPOUNDS
A mixture can be physically A pure compound has a
separated into pure constant composition with
compounds or elements. fixed ratios of elements.
Although it is almost
physically impossible to
Just about everything that
isolate absolutely pure
you can think of is probably a
substances, a substance is said
mixture. Even the purest of
to be pure if no impurities can
materials still contain other
be detected using the best
compounds as impurities.
available analytical
techniques.
Mixtures may exhibit a Physical properties such as
changing set of physical boiling point or melting point
properties. of pure substances are
invariant.
For example, mixture of
alcohol and water boils over a For example, pure water boils
range of temperatures. at 100 degrees C

6. HOMOGENEOUS HETEROGENEOUS
MIXTURES MIXTURES
The prefixes "homo"- The prefixes: "hetero"-
indicate sameness indicate difference.
A heterogeneous mixture
consists of visibly different
substances or phases. The
A homogeneous mixture has three phases or states of
the same uniform appearance matter are gas, liquid, and
and composition throughout. solid.
Many homogeneous mixtures
are commonly referred to as Graphic on the left of
solutions. "Dancing Raisins" shows
liquid, solid, and gas
substances in a
heterogeneous mixture.
Particle size distinguishes
homogeneous solutions from
other heterogeneous
mixtures. Solutions have
particles which are the size of
atoms or molecules - too In contrast a suspension is a
small to be seen. heterogeneous mixture of
larger particles. These
A colloid is a homogeneous particles are visible and will
solution with intermediate settle out on standing.
particle size between a Examples of suspensions are:
solution and a suspension. fine sand or silt in water or
Colloid particles may be tomato juice.
seen in a beam of light such
as dust in air in a "shaft" of
sunlight. Milk, fog, and
jello are examples of
colloids.
For example beach sand is
Corn oil is homogeneous, heterogeneous since you can
White vinegar is see different colored
homogeneous. A sugar particles. Vinegar and oil
solution is homogeneous salad dressing is
since only a colorless liquid heterogeneous since two
is observed. Air with no liquid layers are present, as
clouds is homogeneous. well as solids. Air with
clouds is heterogeneous, as

7. the clouds contain tiny
droplets of liquid water.

8. SOLUTIONS are homogeneous mixtures.
A solution is a mixture of two or more substances in a single
phase. At least two substances must be mixed in order to
have a solution. The substance in the smallest amount and
the one that dissolves or disperses is called the SOLUTE.
The substance in the larger amount is called the SOLVENT.
In most common instances water is the solvent. The gases,
liquids, or solids dissolved in water are the solutes.
In the graphic, the blue bottle is a homogeneous solution
mixture of water, KOH, glucose, oxygen gas dissolved, and
methylene blue - an indicator.
Since solutions are mixtures, their compositions may vary
over a very wide range. The concentrations may be
expressed using a variety of measures. The non-specific
terms concentrated and dilute are sometimes used. A
concentrated solution has a relatively large (but non-
specific) amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. A dilute
solution has a smaller quantity of solute dissolved.
TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Concentrations
Solute Solvent
Less than More than Examples
50% 50%
wine beer, vodka
liquid liquid alcohol - water acetic acid /
water - vinegar
saline (NaCl)
solution
solid liquid salt - water sugar solution
CaCO3 - hard
water
CO2 - carbonated
water
gas liquid oxygen - water
NH3 - ammonia
solution
air =
gas gas oxygen -
nitrogen

9. hydrogen -
gas solid
platinum
liquid gas water in air
solid gas smog
mercury -
liquid solid
another metal
solid solid alloy
Homogeneous Mixtures: it is the same throughout and can be evenly mixed
Salt water.
brewed tea or coffee
soapy water
a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid
hard alcohol
wine
Heterogeneous Mixtures: can be easily seperated
sandy water
carbonated beverage or beer (the CO2 gas is mixed with the liquid)
orange juice with pulp in it
water with ice cubes in it
chicken noodle soup

10. A pure substance is a kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical
or chemical process. It has the same color, taste, texture and composition. Also it is made out of a same
particle. Examples are, water, juice and coffee.
A pure substance are substance that cannot be broken down into simpler piece. Element is an example
of a pure substance because it cannot be broken down into simpler substance.
*As a note: Coffee is not a pure substance, the coffee can be seperated through boiling the water. The
black sludge left at the bottom of the pot if the seperated mass from the water which evaporated. Also,
juice is considered a mixture as well, given it is made up of multiple ingredients that can be seperated
out through various means, i.e.-distilling, boiling, freeze-drying.
True examples of pure substances would be: H20(just regular water can have a multitude of other things
in it making it not pure, so must be H2O only to be pure), Neon(an element), and Table Salt
Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_pure_substance#ixzz1W96pgDdA