2. The Protective Membrane
of the Central Nervous
System: Meninges
DURA MATER
Outermost layer
Made of collagenous connetive tissue proper
ARACHNOID MATER
Delicate, net-like membrane
PIA MATER
Innermost layer; attaches directly to brain
Made of loose connective tissue prover
3. Parts of the
Brain
Consists of 3 parts
Cerebrum: aka. the
Whitehouse of the brain
Diencephalon: aka.
Congress of the brain
Brain Stem: the “Pentagon”
of the brain
Like the U.S. government,
the 3 parts of the brain must
work together and “feed”
off each others information
in order fort he body to
correctly work.
4. The
Cerebrum
aka. The Whitehouse
• the main/largest section of the
brain
• processes thoughts, judgment,
memory, problem solving, and
language
• the cerebrum is subdivided into
left and right halves called cerebral
hemispheres.
• the hemispheres are each then
further subdivided into 4 lobes
• Frontal lobe
• Parietal lobe
• Occipital lobe
• Temporal love
5. The 4 Lobes
The Frontal Lobe
Controls motor
functions, personality
and speech
The Parietal Lobe
Receives and interprets
nerve impulses from
sensory receptors and
interprets language
The Occipital Lobe
Controls vision
The Temporal Lobe
Controls hearing and
smell
6. The Diencephalon
aka. Congress
Consists of 3 parts
Thalamus
Important for sensory
relay from spinal cord
and brain
Hypothalamus
Maintains homeostasis
and controls autonomic
nervous system,
cardiovascular and
disgestive system
Pineal Gland
Secretes melatonin in
darkness to promote
“sleepiness”
7. The Brainstem
aka. The Pentagon
Consists of 3 parts
Midbrain
Connects pons to the
cerebrum
Pons
Is a “bridge” for fibers
connecting the medulla,
cerebrum and cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata
Contains vital centers that
control: respiration, heart
rate, temperature and
blood pressure.
Connects the brain to the
spinal cord
Area where nerves cross
8. The Cerebellum
Function: coordinates and
integrates all muscular
movement at a
subconscious level ex.
maintaining posture as one
walks down the street
Divided into 2 hemispheres
that controls the muscles
on their respective sides
9. What the Brain Does
Sensory
organs
detects a
“change”
This information
about the change
travels to the
brain via sensory
nerves.
The brain
compares this
information to
memory and
current body
conditions.
The brain than
makes a decision
and relies outgoing
information via
efferent nerves to
intended cell,
tissue, organ or
system.
The cell, tissue,
organ or system
receives the
information from
the brains and
reacts.
10. Did you know….
The brain also acts as a filter for our conscious minds. You only
perceive less than ½ of the information our brain receives. If you
received all of it, you would be too overwhelmed with sensory
information to do anything consciously.
