Effects Of The Quebec Act On The American Revolution

Effects Of The Quebec Act On The American Revolution
There has been lots ups and downs before during and after the Quebec act. It is clear that The Quebec Act was the tipping point between the 13
Colonies and Great Britain ultimately causing the American Revolution.
The Quebec act was a British act of bribery for immense from the French. This started in 1774 when the 13 colonies started to wonder if they still
needed the British. The British could tell that some of them felt they were un needed to be in charge so they decided to start the Quebec Act. This
act had a good affect on the british while it lasted then the colonists got mad. The 13 Colonies were very angry with great britain because of all they
did for them, and all that they didn't do for the colonists. The British stole the Colonists men and forced them to work on the british navy, Gave the
Ohio River Valley to The first nations and told farmers to go to Quebec if they want land, and the british gave the land promised to them back to the
french under the Quebec Act. The British offered the French land that belonged to the American Colonists. They also offered the religious freedom and
their rights were now recognized. Quebec was very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The British Parliament started the Quebec Act by bribing Quebec with land, rights , and religious freedom. After all of this the American Colonists
were very upset because it was their land that he was giving to them, and The loss of the Ohio Valley which was the trade and trapping center for food
and fur was the main issue the colonials could not get past. The Colonials decided that they have had enough and they went and started the American
Revolution. The american revolution was the first anti colonial democratic revolution in history. The French during the Quebec act were very pleased
and did not have an issue with any of
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Quiet Revolution: Jean Lesage
"MaГ®tres chez nous" or in English "Masters of our own house". These words spoken by Premier Jean Lesage caused an uproar in Quebec by
giving the citizens a sense of confidence they had never felt before. Jean Lesage played a crucial role in the modernization of Quebec in a short period
of time after recuperating the province from the "Great Darkness". While the rest of Canada was undergoing innovation, Quebec fell behind due to
Maurice Duplessis. After the death of Duplessis, Lesage ran for Premier and was elected in 1960. He promised to improve Quebec through social,
economic and cultural changes and proved so by creating programs and replacing others. One of Lesage's accomplishments to modernize Quebec was
being able to subside the Catholic Church's role and replace it with a more commanding provincial government role. Another achievement of Lesage's
to rejuvenate Quebec was nationalizing private electricity companies which allowed workers to speak French entirely, guaranteed the Quebec
economy benefits, and adjusted wages. Finally, the Quiet Revolution allowed the rest of Canada to hear the nationalist views of Quebecers after the
FLQ terrorist group terrorized several mailboxes, kidnapped James Cross and killed Pierre Laporte.
Jean Lesage was known to be the "father of the Quiet Revolution" by many for the multiple changes he was able to bring in the 1960s. The first
change he brought to Quebec was subsiding the Catholic Church's role to replace it with an increased

How Did Pierre Trudeau Change Canada
Pierre Trudeau Pierre Elliot Trudeau was the Prime Minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and again from 1980 to 1984. During his time he impacted
Canada in variety of ways and became one of most important political figures in Canadian history. With his political actions, and unique personality
among the Canadian public,made him an unforgettable figure.
Pierre Elliot Trudeau was born on October 18, 1919 in Montreal Quebec. The son of a successful French Canadian businessman and lawyer. Trudeau
grew up in Outremont; he grew up in a very prestigious neighborhood. His mother Grace Trudeau, was of a French and Scottish decent. Both of
Trudeau's parents were Catholics, they enlisted him in Jesuits college which impacted his childhood and his education ... Show more content on
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The crisis involved members of the terrorist organization Front de liberation du Quebec (FLQ) . They started placing bombs in random public
places. The majority of these terrorist were nationalist from Quebec to achieve the goal separation from the federation. These attacks resulted the
abduction James Cross a British diplomat and Pierre Laporte, a minister in the provincial government. These had some demands which included a
ransom of $500,000.Trudeau refused to meets these demands since it would only lead to more attacks and greater demands. "The War Measures Act
gave police the power to arrest people without warrant, and 497 were arrested"(Wikipedia) the night after the act Laporte was murdered . With the act
and tough actions he made an end to all terrorist activities and freed James Cross. This described how Trudeau played a huge role on the protection of

The September Crisis Of Canada
The October Crisis was a series of events trigged by the kidnapping of two government officials during October of 1970 in the province of Quebec.
The kidnappings of British Trade Commissioner James Cross and Quebec Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte were the pinnacle of all terrorist activity
led by the Front de LibГ©ration du Quebec (FLQ). The FLQ was a radical separatist group who strived for Quebec's independence from the rest of
Canada. The circumstances ultimately culminated in the only peacetime use of the War Measures Act in Canadian history, invoked by Governor
General of Canada Roland Michener at the direction of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. The use of the War Measures Act had been requested by the
Premier of Quebec, Robert ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The invocation of the War Measures Act was also widely supported throughout Quebec and Canada, with eighty–six percent of Quebec's population and
eighty–eight percent of Canadians agreeing with the use of the War Measures Act in a poll by the Gallup company. Furthermore, the detainment of
individuals and suspension of civil liberties under the War Measures Act is justified because close to ninety percent of those arrested were released
soon after, and members of authority executed the arrests non–violently with the well–being of the individuals as their top priority. Trudeau's
imposition of the War Measures Act was crucial considering that the FLQ presented the most serious threat of domestic terrorism in Canadian history.
Although the events leading up to the October Crisis were relatively slow–paced, it was the increase in the severity of FLQ crimes that led the
SГ»retГ© du Quebec to call on Canada's federal government to implement the War Measures Act. The FLQ, claiming "independence or death", was
responsible for half of the domestic terrorism events in Canada between 1960 and 1985. It had claimed its first victim on 21 April 1963 after the
bombing of a military office in Montreal – the first of over two hundred bombings between 1963 and 1970, and the first of eight deaths associated
with the FLQ. This allowed the group to repute itself as a legitimate terrorist threat that directly jeopardized the lives of civilians. The members of the
FLQ were a

War Measures Act
The slogan that the FLQ adopted was "L'indГ©pendance ou la mort" (Independence or death), describing the extent to which members were willing to
go for their cause. In reality though, most members, when arrested and questioned, chose life over death and accepted their punishment without a large
struggle. Over time, the mentality that "only violence, terror, kidnapping and assassination would bring the changes it hoped for." Bombings,
robberies and other criminal acts became frequent offenses for the FLQ and they often targeted those in power in the province. During certain
"escapades" where the FLQ members would arm themselves, they would go about doing so in ways that were unconventional, typically by robbing a
local store where firearms were... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Criticisms of Trudeau were harsh during this time as many saw him as taking his response too far by allowing the army to have so much freedom in
Quebec. When asked how far he was willing to go to maintain enforced peace in the province, he simply replied, "Well, just watch me." The unmoving
and uncompromising authority of the government removed the head of the FLQ by removing its leaders. Without the motivation and encouragement
of their most vocal and cunning directors, the FLQ dissolved. Investigations concerning those involved in the crimes of the FLQ prior to and during the
October crisis continued for fifteen subsequent

History Of The Quebec Act
The Quebec act was an act established in 1774. The act of Quebec was "passed by the British Parliament to institute a permanent administration in
Canada replacing the temporary government created at the time of the Proclamation of 1763." With this act the British had high hopes of restoring the
French form of Civil law. The British hoped to win over the French Canadians by giving them more land and rights such as to use of their own laws
and freedom to practice their own religion. The Quebec act can be described as an act used to make more effective provision for the Government of the
province of Quebec in North America. Of the many things, the British hoped to achieve Expansion of territory to take over part of the Indian Reserve
which was happening around 1763, states to include what is now southern Ontario, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the Quebec act, it was Guaranteed free practice of the Catholic faith. To sum up the act after a long Seven Year war, including the Treaty of Paris
around 1763, many former French subjects became British subjects. With the many issues the British were having in the 13 Colonies Stamp Act,
Declaratory Act, Regulator Movement, etc. the British feared that the French in Canada would support the colonists in the 13 Colonies. Therefore,
leading to the Quebec Act which ultimately became what can be considered a preventative measure: to protect the peace, knowing if the French
Canadians were happy and felt included in the new government, The French Canadian would be less likely to

How Quebec Affected Canada
Quebec has made mistakes like building the Hydro–Quebec without the permission of natives on traditional land and by doing so, Quebec started to
believe that if they left Canada in the first place, they could make their own laws without having to forcefully agree to the Constitutional Act. Even
though Quebec is in Canada, they are not recognized as well as the English–Canadians because they are the ones who lead/control everything going on
in the country no matter how many prominent people come from Quebec or how many Quebecois soldiers risk their lives at war for Canada. Canada
has brought more harm to Aboriginals because they have purposely tried to discriminate other groups that are not English or British to get rid of
them.(Research Publications, N/A, 54). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
or Aboriginals to feel welcomed in North America and have their traditional land which was promised to them by Canada in the Constitutional Act of
1982, Quebec will be willing to give Aboriginal people the traditional land in Quebec if they can receive land for their population from

British Trade Commissioner James Cross
On October 5th 1970, the British trade commissioner James Cross was kidnapped by the Liberation cell of Front de LibГ©ration du QuГ©bec
(FLQ) in the morning. The FLQ demanded the Canadian government to release 23 of its members in prison, $500,000 of ransom, the publication of
its manifesto, revealing the identity of police informants, a save passage to travel to Cuba or Algeria, and the rehiring of the Lapalme postal truck
drivers and stop all police suppression.[ Chronology of the October Crisis, 1970, and its Aftermath, Claude BГ©langer, Department of History,
Marianopolis College] The government had considered these demands and decided that they were unreasonable. But some media had published the
FLQ's manifesto and it caused concerns that the government should make concession to secure Cross's released. Following this incident, on October
10th 1970, Pierre Laporte, the provincial Minster of Labor, was abducted by another FLQ cell named ChГ©nier cell. To fully understand the situation,
we need to take a deeper look into the conflicts and hostile atmosphere between Anglo Canadian and Francophone Canadian in Quebec. Even before
Canadian Confederation, the was tension between the two party. Quebec and Montreal Area are mainly consist of Francophone Canadians and they
have strong will to preserve French culture, language, religions, and their well being in Canada. Since 1960s, social change had played a huge role in
people's lives here in Canada and the slow pace of change in

Canadian Language Analysis
Canada is a growing and successful first–world nation, but Canada is by no means a nation without faults. There are divides that exist in Canada;
historically, culturally, and politically. These divides exist as a part of a nation that is in continual development and growth– a nation of diversity and
democracy. It is the diversity between English–speaking Canadians and French–speaking Canadians that will be focused upon in the following pages of
this paper. Anglophone and Francophone Canadians are at odds. Historically, the tensions between these Canadians pre–dates the founding of this
country. Culturally; language, beliefs, traditions and values differ between these people tremendously. Politically, there are differing views of the unified
(p.

Essay On Why Did Quebec Want To Leave Canada
There was a time when Quebec wanted to separate from Canada. Why would they? What would the downsides of Quebec leaving be? How drastic
did people act when the period of separatism was going on? Keep reading and the questions will have answers.
Quebec wanted to leave Canada, but there had to be a reason and there was. Quebec wanted to leave because of the loss of Acadia. Acadia was a
French colony in New France. Acadia was lost when France sent most of its soldiers to battle for Spain. During this time Britain captured the
Caribbean because France had sent troops over to Spain so it was easy for the English to defeat the French troops that were left to guard the
Caribbean. France however wanted to keep the Caribbean because it had resources ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The drastic measure taken is called The October Crisis. The October Crisis began in October 1970. This event was a kidnapping and assassination
done by the terrorist group FLQ (Front de LibГ©ratation du Quebec), this group was made of people who wanted Quebec to leave Canada. Their
actions created a national security threat and the 2 direct victims were James Cross (British trade commissioner to Canada) and Pierre Laporte
(Quebec's Minister of Labour and Immigration). Thankfully when the murder occurred it only happened to one of the two men, the man killed was
Pierre Laporte. It ended in December 1970 when FLQ released James Cross. During this dreadful time Pierre Trudeau gave speeches however the
most famous one was given on October 13, 1970 where the famous quotes from his " Just watch me" was

The Pros And Cons Of Quebec Nationalism
When you hear the term Quebec Nationalism, what do you think of? A province that has a distinct language and culture, or one that wishes to separate
from Canada, or both? The issue I would like to talk about is Quebec nationalism, is it compatible or incompatible with a pan–Canadian nationalism, or
multiculturalism and should they or should they not separate from Canada. In my opinion, while not experiencing French Canadian life, although
another of my family members has, I feel that Quebec Nationalism is not compatible with the rest of Canada, but we are the only thing they have, and
if Canada lets them go, they will not have enough resources politically, monetarily, or military, since most of this is supplied to Quebec from the rest
of Canada. "Since Quebec's defeat in the Rebellion of 1837, many Quebecois feel that they have been subject to Anglophone domination from the rest
of Canada" (Lamrick, 2015). Many of the French–speaking citizens are also not willing to be compatible with the rest of Canada's multicultural society.
There is no reason, though, to throw all the other willing French Canadians that want to be compatible under the bus. ... Show more content on
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The federal government provides transfer payments to the province of Quebec for it to be able to afford the necessary services it needs to provide to
its citizens. If Quebec were to separate because they feel that their unique nationalism is not recognized, they would not have enough money for
education, hospitals, and government services and would have to heavily tax the citizens in order to pay for the services the way they are today. Right
now they enjoy cheap education with the lowest University tuition (YIP, 2015), but it would significantly increase without the transfer payments from
the federal

The Front De Liberation Du Quebec
Active since 1963, the Front de Liberation du Quebec's (FLQ) violent actions in October 1970 cost Canadians citizens their rights and freedoms in an
attempt to establish Quebec as a separate nation. Prior to Canada becoming a nation and to this date, Quebec has engaged in a tense relationship with
English Canada and harbours longstanding resentments over language, religion and multiculturalism. Throughout the 1960's, the province underwent
profound change during the Quiet Revolution and Quebec nationalism soared. During this time, the FLQ organized several bombings and riots. The
culmination of the FLQ's actions in 1970 is referred to as the "October Crisis" which translated into the kidnapping of British Trade Commissioner
James Cross and the murder of Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte. The October Crisis also represents Canada's only encounter with domestic
terrorism and the third time the War Measures Act was invoked. The decision to invoke the War Measures Act was a controversial one made by Prime
Minister Pierre Trudeau and Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa since it imposed national martial law. Upon examination of the FLQ's actions during the
October Crisis, the response from the federal government and the impact on Quebec nationalism and the rest of Canada, it is apparent that the
government handled the October Crisis tactfully and was correct to invoke the War Measures Act.
Through the FLQ's violent history, the kidnapping of James Cross and the murder of

Essay On Quebec Immigration
Quebec is a hot–spot for immigrants and thousands of them come to Quebec to build a life for themselves and their families. The economy of
Quebec is thriving as its economical activities are relatively higher than Canada's other provinces. Its majorly privatized mode of economy offers
equal opportunities to skilled workers as well as investors. Culturally, the natives of the place are quite welcoming of immigrants and are accepting of
their cultural diversity. From professional view–point, Quebec offers excellent opportunities in the sectors of IT, Telecom, Aviation and Aircraft, and
other such fields.
The province of Quebec has French as its official language. The people of Quebec are peaceful and supportive towards immigrants regardless of
cultural, regional and ethnic differences. There is a well–developed healthcare system, efficient education system, and acceptance for all ethnic groups
along with social security which guarantees the well–being of citizens. The cost of living, of basic necessities of housing, food, transportation and
clothing, along with taxation, can be afforded by one and all.
For Skilled workers to apply for Quebec immigration, their application is considered under the Skilled Worker Program which... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The consultant can take care of the procedure from start to end, from filing the application for the Certificate De Selection Du Quebec' getting it
approved and filing the visa application. A good and experienced consultant will also assist with documentation as well as the visa interview efficiently.
However, one must beware of unauthorized consultants misleading applicants into filing fake documents as such acts are caught and duly punished by
the authorities. It can even lead to the applicant's case being shelved and rendered ineligible for immigration

Taking a Closer Look at QuГ©bec Essays
Quebec, or QuГ©bec in French, is a province in east–central Canada. It is the largest province in area. It has a predominantly French speaking
population and is the only province to have an official provincial language of French. The capital or Quebec is Quebec City. The population of Quebec
is 8.081 million. Quebec has three natural regions: the Canadian Shield, the St. Lawrence Lowlands, and the Appalachians. The Canadian Shield is
also called the Precambrian Shield or the Laurentian Plateau. It is a big block of ancient crystalline rock. There is an abundance of glacial debris and
exposed rock. The Canadian Shield has a harsh environment and a varying terrain. The St. Lawrence Lowlands, or Valley, lies along the St. Lawrence
River ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the monuments is the Champlain monument which pays tribute to Samuel de Champlain who founded Quebec City. Another monument is the
Churchill and Roosevelt Monument which commemorates the visit of the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the American President
Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II. A third monument is the Charles de Gaulle Statue, which is a statue of the French President Charles de
Gaulle who helped develop relations between his country and Quebec. The government of Quebec is divided into what is called the Government and
Parliament. The Government represents the executive power and Parliament represents the legislative power. It is a unicameral legislature. Parliament
is made up of the National Assembly and the Lieutenant Governor. The Lieutenant Governor is appointed by the federal government ofCanada and acts
as the Queen's representative in each of the provinces. The National Assembly is made up of 125 elected members representing the 25 electoral
divisions. The Government is composed of elected representatives of the party that holds the most seats in the National Assembly. The purpose of the
Government is to provide political management for Quebec. Most bills are drafted in the Government and Parliament examines proposed bills. Quebec
also has a Prime Minister designated by the Lieutenant Governor. Because of the Canadian Shield, mining and oil and gas extraction are two of the
fastest growing industries. Many natural

Quebec: Distinct Society Essay
Quebec: A Distinct Society (?)
The concept of recognizing Quebec as a distinct society is an idea that has been kicking around for some time, but just what does it mean and what are
its broader implications? This paper will examine the origins of the term, what it means, and its historical context. It will then examine rival
interpretations of federalism. The essay will conclude with an in–depth examination of the concept's involvement with the failed constitutional accords
and the failed Quebec succession attempts.
The term "distinct society" was a political notion used during constitutional debates during the Meech Lake accord and the Charlottetown accord. Its
meaning is somewhat vague and controversial. In essence, it refers to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 6 ex MPs along with Jean Lappierre (who had just left the Liberal Party) formed the Bloc Quebecois.
Quebec Separation 1980,1995
In 1980 The PQ government called a referendum asking weather Quebec should have a new agreement with the rest of Canada. The No side won by a
slim margin. In response to the referendum Pierre Trudeau promised to reform the Constitution. "Do you want "a new agreement with the rest of
Canada, based on the equality of nations"? That was the heart of the question placed before the people of Quebec in the May 20, 1980 referendum.
RenГ© LГ©vesque's Parti QuГ©bГ©cois was asking Quebecers for a mandate to negotiate "sovereignty–association", an idea that inflamed federalists
and separatists alike.
In 1995 the PQ Government led by Parizeau again flirted with the idea of "sovereignty association". The No side squeaked out a marginal victory.
""ГЂ la prochaine fois!" (Until next time!) promised RenГ© LГ©vesque after the 1980 Quebec referendum. Fifteen years later, on Oct. 30, 1995,
Quebec and the rest of Canada faced that "next time" as Quebecers decided whether to separate from Canada. Though they voted to stay by the
narrowest of margins, the referendum provoked questions about Canadian identity and Quebec's place in Confederation."
Distinct Society–Pros and Cons
Now that we have studied the history surrounding the issue of Quebec's unique place within Canada, we will explore the pros and cons of recognizing
Quebec as a

The Dual Nature Of The French And English Faultline In Canada
When the French settled into Canada 400 years ago independently of the British, the first stages of French/Francophone identity was formed. Over time
this unique identity began to emerge and become something different from the rest of Canada. Language, history, and the geography of their land
continues to evolve and separate the Francophones from Canada as their land and way of life is special to our nation. The dual nature of the French
/English faultline in Canada manifested early on in history when New France was threatened by British occupation, ultimately leading to
Confederation; we can continue to see this in modern times through referendums which deal with French culture and separation. Quebec is also unique
geographically, containing mild to arctic climate zones and 4 geophysical regions; this is very diverse for a single province in Canada. These regions in
Quebec allows for a diverse economic industry, including: hydroelectric production, agriculture, forest and mining industries. The economic production
through Quebec's varying geography and their individual French culture and history is what makes Quebec a unique region in Canada.
Settlers came from France when Samuel Du Champlain travelled the St. Lawrence Valley to set up the first permanent French settlement in 1608. The
settlement of Quebec was made to establish fur trading posts, explore more land using the St. Lawrence River, maintain relationships with the
Indigenous people, and travel further and faster

How Did Pierre Trudeau Change Canada
"Just watch me". One of the most popular quotes in all of Canadian history and was said by Canadian Prime Minister, Pierre Elliott Trudeau. His
legacy, attitude, and work transformed Canada and still continues to do so. Trudeau was the Prime Minister of Canada, from 1968 to 1979 and from
1980 to 1984. Pierre Trudeau changed Canada's social–political ideology. Canada is now known to be a diverse, multicultural, bilingual and inclusive
nation largely as result of his work. Pierre Elliott Trudeau also believed in an equal Canada for all, he is primarily the one to introduce rights and
freedoms to the citizens of Canada. While some view Pierre Trudeau as impulsive, for enforcing the War Measures Act, Trudeau enacted this for
protection of Canadian ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trudeau's approach to the situation provided Canadians security and safety. During Trudeau's time in office,Quebec separatism was becoming an
alarming issue. A terrorist organization, Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ), was formed in an effort to separate Quebec from the rest of Canada.
The extremist brought havoc to Quebec and demanded separation from the "Anglo"(English speaking). On October 5, 1970, the FLQ kidnapped
British trade commissioner James Cross. They demanded the release of FLQ members, the payment of $500,000, the publication of the FLQ
manifesto and an airplane ticket to either Cuba or Algeria. After, the FLQ went on to kidnap Quebec Cabinet Minister of Labour and Immigration,
Pierre Laporte, on October 10, 1970. In retaliation and for the security of the people, Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act. The War Measures Act,
called in military personnel in Quebec to restore order, provide security and to help bring an end to the FLQ. With these circumstance the War
Measures Act was appropriate action taken, as it brings security to the people of Quebec. Furthermore, it is key to remember the FLQ was a terrorist
organization and it was important that Trudeau eliminate the threat they posed to Canadians. Ricci writes in his novel Pierre Elliott Trudeau, "FLQ had
been implicated in six deaths and in more than two hundred bombings in Quebec, including

Essay on FLQ Crisis
On October 5, 1970, British trade commissioner James Cross was kidnapped in his Westmount home by members of the terrorist group Front de
liberation du Quebec. The FLQ Manifesto called for non–democratic separation to be brought about by acts of terror. From 1963 to 1967, the FLQ
planted 35 bombs; from 1968 to 1970 they planted over 50 bombs. By the fall of 1970 the terrorist acts of the FLQ cells had claimed 6 lives. The
kidnappers' demands included the release of a number of convicted or detained FLQ members and the broadcasting of the FLQ Manifesto. The
Manifesto was read on Radio–Canada. Then, on October 10th, the Quebec minister of justice guaranteed safe passage to anywhere in the world for the
kidnappers in exchange for the safe... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Under the sweeping authority of the act, 465 Canadians were so rounded up. A day later, on Saturday October 17th, the body of Pierre Laporte was
found stuffed in the trunk of a green Chevrolet. In Ottawa, government sources said the FLQ assassinated Laporte because War Measures was enacted.
The tension that night was palpable. John Turner, the minister of justice, looked distraught. In his office,Trudeau ministers Gerard Pelletier and Jean
Marchand were weeping openly at the death of an old friend and colleague. Early in December 1970, police discovered the location of the kidnappers
holding James Cross. He was released after his FLQ captors were given safe passage to Cuba. Four weeks later Paul Rose and the kidnappers of Pierre
Laporte were found in the corner of a country basement. They were tried and convicted for kidnapping and murder. The OctoberCrisis was the first
time in Canadian history the state itself, both in Ottawa and in Quebec City, was held to ransom by extremists and terrorists. It was also the first time,
in peace time, that Ottawa invoked War Measures. It was a drastic step to take and one laced with very dangerous side effects. In the
guilt–by–association atmosphere engendered by War Measures hysteria, the terrorism and extremism of the separatist FLQ tarnished all separatist
movements in Quebec. Also, Rene

Pierre Trudeau Made Canada What it Is Today!
Pierre Trudeau was an effective prime minister because he created the Constitution Act as well as the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, made the
Official Languages Act and decided to use the War Measures Act during the October crisis. These made Canada what it is today because of Pierre
Trudeau.
Pierre Trudeau made Canada what it is today in a positive manner by creating the Constitutions Act as well as the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
The Constitutions Act started in 1982. The act allowed everyone to have fundamental freedoms. Those fundamental freedoms included: freedom of
conscience and religion, freedom of thought, belief, opinion, expression, freedom of peaceful assembly and the freedom of association as stated in
the Constitution Act of 1982. The Act also includes mobility rights that include: every citizen of Canada has the right to enter, remain in and leave
Canada itself with no troubles at all, and to move into any province with no troubles. The constitution act had equality rights as well, some in which
were and are that every individual is equal under the law and has the right to protection of themselves and their families, as well as living with no
discrimination based on their race, origin, nationality, religion, sex, age, or disability. The Constitution Act included the Charter of Rights and
Freedoms. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the right and freedom to reasonable limits allowed by the law and can be certainly justified
in a free and

Challenging Relationship Between English And Canadians In...
The Challenging Relationship between English and French Canadians in the 20th Century Due to various historical factors, Canada is today
considered an officially bilingual country. This means that both English and French are considered the official languages of Canada. As a result of this
policy, all official documents and government services must be available in both English and French for all Canadians. This all sounds very positive on
the surface, but in reality, the relationship between English and French Canadians has been extremely challenging throughout the years. In fact, the
challenges that have arisen due to these relations, have threatened the very unity and survival of the country. This divide is evident in all facets of life,
whether it was political, economic, military, business and even in sports. This paper will examine the tensions between English and French Canada
throughout the 20th century. It is important to first briefly examine the history and origins of Canada as a country, before we can truly appreciate this
divide between the English and the French. It was during the 1500s when the first explorers from Europe discovered North America. This newly
discovered land was rich in natural resources hence many Europeans began to settle. The majority of these settlers were from Britain and France. The
French and English fought for power, control and territory, eventually leading to the Seven Year War. The Seven Year War, was fought between Britain

Research Paper About Quebec City
The biggest province in Canada, Quebec covers a wide range of land with a lot of different environments to choose from. In fact, it stretches 2,000
km from the US Border to the Arctic Ocean. Despite all of this, Quebec is scarcely populated. It's population ranges up to 8.18 million people, all
scattered out into 643, 819 sq miles of land. It's capital city is known as Quebec City, with 419, 140 people in it's midst. This is Quebec.
With such a wide range of coverage, Quebec is able to hold three climate zones. There is the humid continental south in the south, the subarctic in the
middle and the arctic in the north. The entire southern portion is zigzagged by the St. Lawrence River, and it's highest peak, known as Mt. D'Iberville,
stretches up to reach 1,622 km. Quebec also has one of the highest freshwater contents, and stretches out into the Arctic Ocean, much further than the
US. Border does. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the winter, you will find skiing, snowshoeing, ice fishing, snowmobiling, snowboarding, and sledding popular activities. As well as hockey and
ice skating. In the summer, rock climbing, canoeing, swimming, fishing, hiking, and golf are available. Quebec City also has an amazing nightlife
and the Winter Carnival is held from January 30, to February 15. Ice hockey and Canadian Football are popular sports to watch and Quebec has over
35 parks and wildlife reserves. As for the industry, agriculture, technology, and manufacturing are big workforce. Mining and tourism are big producers
of jobs for the

Canada 's Changes Through The Decade Of The 1960 's And...
Canada faced dramatic changes through the decades of the 1960's and 1970's, but in particular the province of Quebec. In 1959, Quebec Premier
Maurice Duplessis died, this marked the beginning of the Quiet Revolution. Duplessis was the Union Nationale leader and the party had controlled
Quebec for decades until shortly after Duplessis' death, a provincial election was held where the Liberals, led by Jean Lesage, had won the vote. The
Liberals started moving away from the Catholic ideologies, traditions were being shifted and a transformed society was taking over the province of
Quebec. Lesage was famously quoted in 1962 "There is no doubt in my mind; it's now or never that we must become masters in our own home." which
became the Liberals ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the midst of the October Crisis Pierre Trudeau handled the time of terrorism well. In this essay one will see how Trudeau handled the crisis
excellently by examining the first domestic use of the War Measures Act which led to improvements on the Act, ensuring that Quebec did not become
its own independent country, and how Canada stood behind and supported Quebec and Pierre Trudeau through the acts of violence led by the FLQ.
On October 16, 1970 Trudeau invoked the War Measures Act. It was the first time this Act had been invoked in peacetime, although was justified by
the evidence of an insurrection. To start off, the first domestic use of the War Measures Act was invoked which led to improvements on the act. It was
invoked and gives emergency power to the federal government and this act further suspended Canadians' fundamental civil freedoms. Some civil
freedoms include: the right to be protected against unwarranted or arbitrary arrests, detentions, searches and seizures, and the right to an attorney. The
Act however allowed the government to declare anyone who publicly supported the FLQ to be a member of the group, arrest and hold any of the
FLQ without bail for up to 90 days, and imprison FLQ member for up to five years. This builds a trust bridge between the government and the citizens.
The citizens have to trust the

American Identity In The 18th Century
Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries Americans developed a unique system of government with revolutionary ideals – never seen anywhere else
before. Americans adopted representative governments with democratic principles that allowed each person to have a voice in the decisions about their
country. This atmosphere of new ideas and new political rights fostered a growing sense of a unique American identity– not found anywhere else. By
the eve of the American Revolution, colonists had embraced a new identity – completely different from their English roots – that helped fuel their
resistance against Britain; however, plagued by petty disagreements and discouraged by the large Loyalist population, the Americans were never able to
effectively unite against the British.
During the early 18th century, the British government adopted a policy of "salutary neglect" toward the colonies, which gave Americans freedom to
develop their own political systems – as long as they followed the ideas of Mercantilism. When the first colonies were chartered in the 17th century, the
majority adopted some sort of political institution that gave voting rights to each and every man. In the North, most citizens were able to participate in
the local Town Meetings and voice their opinions. In addition, nearly every colony had a representative assembly with elected officials. These new
political institutions – that the Americans had built from the ground up, and learned to cherish – caused Americans to

Should Quebec (or Other Provinces) Separate From Canada...
Should Quebec (or other provinces) Separate From Canada In Order To Best Protect
Its Constitutional Rights?
In my opinion, all provinces in Canada, including Quebec should not separate. Quebec has been one of the provinces of Canada for a long period of
time. Most people in the world view that it is one of the component in Canada.
French–Canadian and English–Canadian seem to live together peacefully without conflict, even many people with different cultures and languages
come to Canada in recent years. I thick Quebec has no reason to become independence from a multicultural nation.
Some people who agree Quebec to separate state that separation can protect their French culture and language. I think it is an unacceptable reason in a
Quebec separation is also a morality problem. In fact, it is part of Canada.
People in a nation are like brothers and sisters, they should help and protect each other. If Quebec separates, it will act like one of the family members
leave the family and no longer maintains his last name. Nobody wishes to have this happens in his family.
Beside, identity of a nation is very important. It makes difference between country and country. People in the world know that Canada is mainly
formed by
French–Canadian and English–Canadian, and it has bilingual and muiltcultural culture. Most French–Canadian lives in Quebec. If Canada loses
Quebec, the
French–Canadian culture will surly be lost. If there is no French–Canadian culture, then the identity of bilingual will no longer need. Multiculturalism
will no longer support by the French culture. Canada will hurt a lot because it loses one of the most special identities.
Canada, including Quebec belong to every Canadian, not only the Quebecers.
Every Canadian should have the right to determine Quebec should leave or stay.
It is normal in a democratic country and government should respect to what the citizens say. In Canada, only 22% of people agree that Quebec
should separate, as well as 27% in Alberta. By these percentages, we can see that most people disagree Quebec to separate. Moreover, 80% people in
Alberta oppose letting a separate Quebec use the Canadian money dollar, and 69% against letting Quebecers

Coercive Acts and Quebec Act
Coercive Acts and Quebec Act The Coercive Acts and the Quebec Acts were British responses to actions that were taking place in the British
colonies in America. The Coercive Acts were a series of four acts passed during the spring of 1774. The Boston Port Act closed the port of Boston
until the people paid for all the tea that was thrown overboard during the Boston Tea Party. The amount of tea thrown over was equal to more than
seven hundred thousand dollars in the year 2007. Parliament also passed a new Quartering Act, which allowed British troops to stay in the homes of
the people of Boston whenever they felt needed. The Administration of Justice Act allowed British officials and soldiers to be tried for crimes they
committedin another... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You can see how this would upset the colonist. The Quebec Act is the straw that broke the camels back from an outsider'sviewpoint. Quebec is
allowed to rule themselves however the colonies rules are not even coherent with the laws and rules of their governing body the Empire of
England. Why should one group of people be allowed to live their life how they seem fit when another group in the same is is not allowed to do
the same? This is not good business on the part of England and I can see looking from an outsider's viewpoint how the colonies would be enraged
by this. Business is tough to do from a distance in the year 2009. In the 1700s when these laws were passed business must have been pretty close to
impossible to do over the Atlantic ocean with the only way to communicate is through letter that is carried by a ship. When Britain gave freedom to
Quebec the smart move would have been to also grant the same rights to the American Colonies. Britain did not choose to do the smart move and it
cost them in war which ended up with Americans winning that right. Once a child is old enough to stand on his own, let him stand. Once he is old
enough to make a living for him let him work. Once he says dad I am my own person let him be that person. Do not stand in the child's way from
progressing. The mighty power of Great Britain tried to stand in the way of their young and growing colonies rather than let them be who

The Front De Liberation Du Quebec
The Front de Liberation du Quebec was an extremist paramilitary organization, purposed with French–Canadian separatism, which officially operated
from 1963 to 1970. Their primary goal was Quebec's sovereignty from Canada. They were most prolific and media focused during the October Crisis,
during which they executed Pierre Laporte and abducted James Richard Cross. These actions were accompanied by a media release by the FLQ, a
manifesto. This proclamation highlighted the plights of Quebecers as being impoverished, unrepresented by their politicians, ignored by Canadian
government, and exploited by Anglophone Canadians. The manifesto demanded that Quebec immediately sever political ties from Canada, and be
recognized as a sovereign country. Violent as their actions were, the FLQ was successful in nationally representing the unjustness of the unrepresented
Quebec citizen. Seven years after the conclusion of the October Crisis, Bill 101 Charter of the French Language, was signed. Bill 101 did not
accomplish the exact goals of the FLQ's attempted coup – the sovereign country of Quebec – but it accomplished a cultural resurgence in Quebec,
namely more representation of Francophone–Canadian culture. Though the Front de Liberation du Quebec's actions and demands, did not grant
Quebec its political sovereignty, it spearheaded a movement that absolved the Francophone culture of Quebec from being assimilated into the
Anglophone culture of Canada. The Front de Liberation du Quebec

Choosing Multiculturalism In Canada
"The love of one's country is a splendid thing. But why should love stop at the border? (Pablo. C, 1963). Pablo Casals was a cellist and performer
from Spain. The way he is describing how the love of a country should not at stop at borders is the same way as in why should multiculturalism not stop
at borders. Multiculturalism should be promoted within its Quebec because that is what makes and will keep on making Quebec a unique cultural
province. It blends all the cultures together and makes it one because everyone finds normal that people are different.
Allowing multiculturalism in Quebec means recognizing and accepting people's differences. the government of Quebec has always rejected the idea of
multiculturalism because according to how it works, multiculturalism makes Quebec and the rest of Canada one, because Canada is known has one of
the country that has many cultures diversity and since Quebec doesn't want to be a part of Canada anymore it is the reason why Quebec doesn't
approve multiculturalism because Quebec wants to be different and rule differently.
First of all, Quebec is still part of Canada which means Quebec should be following the laws of Canada. When people decide to immigrate in a
difference country, they bring all their values, origins, tradition and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Respecting multiculturalism means respect the fact that everyone is different and that it should be accepted. Recognizing and promoting the
understanding that multiculturalism is an essential characteristic of the Canada's heritage and identity. It will provide an invaluable resource in the
shaping of Canada's future. Since Quebec wants to be separated from Canada it essential to take in consideration that without multiculturalism, they
will not progress. One of the ways that Quebec should show their respect will be to preserve it by allowing people to keep their values and

Were the needs of Quebecois Effectively Met?
From the Confederation of Canada, to present day, French Canadians have always thought that Canada's path towards the future should be embodied in
a different manner. Several events in Canadian History have resulted in several heated feelings between French and English Canadians. Though the
majority of English Speaking Canadians have tried to reconcile with French Canadians by making several attempts to mend their relationships, the
question about the needs of French Canadians still exists. Through an extremely thorough analysis of several key sources, it is evident that the needs of
French Canadians were, undoubtedly, not met, which shall be plainly and exhaustively proven through an in depth analysis of French Canadian
Nationalism,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another attack at the French Canadian heritage came in the form Pierre Trudeau's 'Just Society' ideology. Trudeau had promised RenГ© Levesque that
that separate nationwide referendums in order to amend both, the Constitution, and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms8. However, Trudeau went back
on his word to Levesque, and decided to make amendments with the other provinces without the input of Quebec9. Through the personal actions of
Trudeau towards Quebec, he made a very unjust decision, as he did not keep his initial promise to Levesque, in which he said he would discuss
amendments with Levesque as well. By creating several agreements with the other provinces, ensuring a majority over Quebec, he displayed the traits
of an unjust society. Trudeau`s poor decision came at the expense of French Canadian heritage, as their needs were not met. In conclusion, the threat to
French Canadian heritage played an important role in the needs of French Canadians not being met.
Plenty of the QuГ©bГ©cois had dissenting opinions on how they would achieve their final goal, and one of these opinons, was to refer to terrorism.
A group of people that were known as the Front de LibГ©ration du Quebec, thought that an independent could only be achieved through the usage of
violence, and thus started a small period of terror in the province. On the 7th of March, 1963, a railroad bombing, orchestrated by the FLQ took place

Canada and Quebec's Conflict Essay example
Canada and Quebec's Conflict
Canada and Quebec have always been in conflict from the confederation of 1867 to the Supreme court judgement on the secession of Quebec in 1998.
Quebec faces several challenges in terms of constitutional relations with the rest of Canada. Quebec is seeking a special status to preserve and protect
its culture and language, while the rest of English–speaking Canada accepts the view of provincial equality. There have been attempts to recognize
Quebec's concerns through constitutional amendments, but these attempts have not lived up to Quebec's expectations and for the most parts have
failed. Quebec has threatened Canada throughout history with separation from Canada. These threats have not been ignored, ... Show more content on
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The conflict Canada and Quebec's search for sovereignty started in the early days of American settlement. In the 1800s the united colonies of
Canada, Canada east (French speaking) and Canada west ( English speaking) was in constitutional deadlock. The only way out of this deadlock was
to separate or to bring more colonies into confederation. There was much immigration into both Canada east and Canada west, these new
immigrants were primarily English which added to the problem of linguistics groups. As Canada east grew in population "it remained tied to Canada
east by a constitution that shared power equally between the two." The arrangement was becoming ever more difficult because of the difference in
sizes and political power between the two Canada. English speakers called for "representation by population, in other words, each group of people
deserved political power that was equivalent to its proportion to the population." While the French language survived, it had gone from majority to
minority of the population due to immigration. The confederation agreement of 1867, which included Nova Scotia and New Brunswick gave both the
French and English what they wanted without resorting to separation. The French people of Canada east had more control over their culture , were as
close to independence as possible at the time. They also gained freedom from domination of the majority (English speakers of Canada west). The
English people gained

British Influence On Canadian History
Which group of people had the biggest influence on Canadian history Canadian has many nationality groups.They are influence Canada in many
ways.But which group of people had the biggest influence on Canadian history.British had the biggest influence on Canadian history.Canada was
colonized by British.British influence in many sides.The Quebec act,HBC and resigertial school were influence on Canada. First of all,the Quebec Act
was a important act.In Canada,British and French had many contradiction.British and Franch frighted many times.British wanted to prevent French's
contend.So they had the Quebec act.The Quebec act saved fench settlers the right to keep their culture (language,religion,system of laws).It made
Quebec stronger.Also made

The Quebec Separatist Movement Of Canada
At some point, countries will fight for freedom at their breaking point. For example, during the mid 1900s, Canada did their own movement called the
Quebec Separatist Movement. The movement was about Quebec's independence from government. The movement involved the citizens of Quebec and
a group called Front de Liberation du Quebec (FLQ). The Front de Liberation du Quebec had kidnapped people in Canada. The Quebec Separatist
Movement began due to Quebec's citizens ambition to become independent and was finally resolved by making a new constitution.
The historical context of the Quebec Separatist movement included The Quiet Revolution. The Quiet Revolution was when small groups try to make
Quebec independent especially FLQ. The small groups members were Francophones, French–speaking citizens. Their ideals was to make Quebec
independent from CanadaЕ› government. First, Canada made a bill stating that it will create a better future for Canada. "The Official Language Bill
is a reflection of the nature of this country as a whole and of a conscious choice we are making about our future." (World History: The Modern Era)
Canada thought it was necessary to have one language, and it will make them feel united. After this bill was established, Canada's government
regretted and believed that there should be two official language. Yet the citizens of Canada were still deciding if they wanted that law to pass. "We
believe in two official languages and in a pluralist society, not

Essay about Revolutionized Relationship
One of the major problems associated with a bilingual country, inevitably, is national unity. In Canada, national unity usually refers to the relations
between both the French and English Canadians. English–French relations have always been unstable, ever since the English conquest on the French in
the late 1800s. In the twentieth century, this link was further depreciated primarily because of conscriptions during the First and Second World War
along with the Quiet Revolution and the October Crisis. Conscription during the First and Second World War was one of the initial major causes that
began the deterioration of French–English relations largely because the French had no desire to go to war. The Quiet Revolution was an effort to... Show
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The recruiting effort in Quebec had failed horribly, so Canada resulted in conscription, which was their only unused option that promised more success
in recruiting French English volunteers. French Canadians felt that they had no particular loyalty to either Britain or France, and because of this,
almost all of them apposed conscription. In 1917 a crisis arose know as the Conscription Crisis. It triggered a substantial gap along ethnic lines among
Francophones and Anglophones. After the English–Canadians visited Britain in May for a meeting of First Ministers in 1917, it was announced by
Borden that a Military Service Act was going to be introduced. The Act was passed on August 29th, 1917, allowing Borden to conscript men at his on
will if he felt that it necessary. The act was enforced in 1918 on the 1st of January. Because of this, 404,385 men liable for military served, 385,510 of
which sought exemption. Anti–war French–Canadians set off a violent riot in 1918 from March 28th to April 1st. Around fifteen thousand rioters
ransacked the conscription registration, and even two newspapers that were pro–conscription in Quebec City. The violence continued on Easter
Monday; it was the one of the bloodiest conflicts. Rioters were armed and began to fire at troops from hidden positions, and as a result, the soldiers
fired back to defend themselves after they were ordered to. After the first day of

Pierre Elliott Trudeau Bilingualism
Firstly, Pierre Elliott Trudeau was a significant prime minister in the view of the fact that
he strengthened the Canadian nation by improving the role of QuГ©bec in Canada. Trudeau
demonstrated this fact when he promulgated the Official Languages Act in 1969, which
guaranteed official bilingualism in Canadian service where English government workers had to
learn to speak and understand French. By imposing this act, he wished to preserve and improve the role that the French language had in Canada. His
policy of bilingualism was significant
because keeping a country united was a way to help its advancement. Trudeau played an
important role when he rejected the QuГ©bec's separatist movement by using specific terms such
as:
''I am trying

Research Paper About Quebec City
Quebec City If someone were to look on the map, they would see Canada just above North America. And if someone would want to go to Canada,
they would probably want to go to Quebec. Know why? Because Quebec is a great place. Quebec's great province is Quebec City, and there people
can do many things. There is a great geographical make–up of the area, a wide population, and many recreational activities. The people that live there
have a great way of living, and the government is safe. But would someone really want to go to Quebec just to visit? Of course not! If someone were
to visit Quebec, they would want to visit again and might as well in fact move there. Quebec's great province is Quebec City. Quebec City has 400
years of history set against ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, there are more than anyone could possibly count. And people intend to have fun doing these activities. Someone could do activities
involving snow, water and other things. Things people can do with snow is dog sledding, ice climbing, and downhill skiing. Things people can do
on water is sailing, windsurfing, kayaking, rafting, and fishing. Some other things people could do is skydiving, rock climbing and golfing. The
people that live in Quebec City have a great way of living. In fact, Quebec City has the lowest crime rates. Quebec City has the lowest crime rate in
North America, and was named one of the safest areas in Canada to raise children. The people in Quebec City live normally. The people in Quebec
City make a living just like everyone else around them. The Quebec City government is safe. The government has a provincial parliament. The
provincial parliament; or also known as the National Assembly has a great protective service. The National Assembly is made up of 125 MNAs
elected by universal franchise. An MNA is a government mandate; a mandate is the authority granted by a constituency to act as its representative.
MNAs are elected under a majority system (50% plus one vote): the voter selects only one of the candidates running his

The Modern Day Legal Systems
Human civilization marked the beginning of modern day legal systems. The advancements in societies resulted in maintaining certain rules and
regulations to continue this progress. Every society has its own set of laws which are in some ways distinct from others. Many of these laws have
common sections and underlying guidelines. This could be because some societies decide to retain certain aspects of their customs after breaking out
of another society. It could also be the case that over time different societies through trade and other intercultural activities developed together, which
caused them to have agreements in their laws. For many others, it is the case that they share a common colonial master. The law and legal systems
operating today are derivatives of the forms listed above. Like many other nations today, the laws of ancient civilizations have affected Canadian law.
These include the Code of Hammurabi, the Mosaic law, Greek and Roman laws, the Magna Carta and a few others. More recently are the civil and
common law derived from the French and British respectively. Canada did not always have a written constitution. The territory we now refer to as
Canada was once populated by the French and English colonial masters. These colonists extended the laws of their home countries to their colonies. As
the population of this territory grew and the UK gained control of more colonies including those from the French, regional laws became a necessity.
Between the eighteenth

The Hockey Sweater Essay
The Quebec Vexation
The French speaking people of Quebec lived under heavy oppression in the 1950s and 60s. Many francophone people looking for work in Quebec
cities were refused because of their French background. In areas such as Montreal, the francophone people were earning up to 50 percent less than
their English speaking peers. There was a clear distinction between the quality of life for the English and the quality of life for the French. It was
because of this distinction that the people of Quebec often resented the English and their ways of life. And it is from this resentment, the story The
Hockey Sweater was written. The Hockey Sweater is a story told from the perspective of a young boy living in a small town in Quebec. He, ... Show
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The Quebecois found that their cultures were too different to be placed on equal footing with the other provinces. This frustration with the other
provinces eventually led to The Quiet Revolution and an attempt to separate from the rest of Canada. Up until the end of the 1960s, the French people
of Quebec could be seen living as second–rate citizens in Canada. It wasn't until 1969, that the Official Languages Act was passed by Pierre Elliot
Trudeau giving both the English and French languages equal representation in Canadian parliament. Up until then, most documents written by the
Canadian government and its affiliates were solely in English and did not recognize French as an official language. In The Hockey Sweater, the
character of Mr. Eaton can be equated to the role of the Canadian government. The order forms provided in the Eaton's catalogue were completely in
English even though they were being shipped to a small French town in Quebec. This could be seen as the English speaking people of Canada
imposing their language and culture upon Quebec in an almost assimilation–like manner. The lack of equality with regards to the French and English
language pre– 1969 led to many people of Quebec feeling subservient to the rest of Canada. The language issue played a vital role in the story of The
Hockey Sweater which led to great turmoil just as it did with Quebec's culture during the

French Canadian Catholic Identity
"French Canada: the rise and decline of a 'church–nation'" by Sylvie Lacombe covers the influence the Canadian Catholic Church had on
French–Canadians from the early nineteenth century until the mid–twentieth century. It explores how the failed Upper Canada rebellions led to British
parliamentary control over the French via the Act of Union in 1840. This enabled theCatholic Church to take over several provincial social institutions
which came to influence nationalistic ideas and values. Thus, many French–Canadians believed themselves to be part of a "church–state". However,
Irish Catholic immigration, new Anglo–Saxon imperialistic ideologies and the loss of French–speaking schools in the ... Show more content on
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Martel demonstrates that new English nationalistic ideas (in response to immigration) brought new threats of assimilation towards this identity,
particularly to French–Canadian citizens not living in Quebec. French–Canadians, originally hesitant to colonize these Western Canadian areas were
now encouraged to protect them as they saw these nations as isolated communities of French culture. Finally, both Lacombe and Laplante demonstrate
that when the Catholic Church had less influence on political and social institutions, the church became less of a defining concept of the
French–Canadian identity. These three, when grouped together, also provide a chronological overview of the rise and fall of Catholic influence among
French–Canadian citizens. Lacombe provides the reasons for the rise during the nineteenth century, and its subsequent decline in the early twentieth
century. Martel demonstrates how French–Canadian citizens were motivated to preserve their Catholic identity when they began to lose control of the
Catholic dioceses outside Quebec during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Laplante explores the transition of Quebec to a more secular
province in the 1960s, where the Catholic Church gave way for the province of Quebec to provide the national identity of French–Canadian citizens.
The papers by Lacombe and Martel have similar time frames during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, with the Lacombe article examining a longer

Pierre Trudeau Research Paper
Pierre Trudeau, lawyer, politician, and the 15th Prime Minister of Canada, was a big part of keeping national unity during the Quebec sovereignty
movement and referendum in 1980. He was also a big part in keeping the Canadian public calm, taking action and standing up to the FLQ during the
October Crisis in 1970.
Born in Outremont, Montreal on October 18, 1919, Pierre Elliott Trudeau (full name Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau) was born to a
wealthy family, along with one brother and one sister (another brother died at birth). His father, Charlie Trudeau (full name Joseph Charles–Г‰mile
Trudeau) was a wealthy French–Canadian entrepreneur and lawyer who earned his wealth with his gas station business, the Automobile Owners'
Association. Charlie Trudeau died of a heart attack in 1935, which affected Pierre (15 years old at the time of his father's death) and his family greatly.
His ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The FLQ requested demands for his release on behalf of the captors, which included release of 23 prisoners who were part of the FLQ, $500,000 in
gold, publication of the FLQ's manifesto, and a plane to take them to Cuba (a one–party Marxist–Leninist state), also adding they had 48 hours to fulfill
the requests. Despite the pressure of some of the Canadian public and some sources, the government refused to fulfill them. Their refusal might have
caused the next incident five days later, where four armed members kidnapped Deputy Premier and Minister of Labour of Quebec Pierre Laporte. The
government still refused to fulfill the requests made by the FLQ with the kidnapping of James Cross after the second kidnapping of Laporte. Laporte
was executed by the FLQ on October 17, perhaps intended as a consequence to the government's noncompliance, or a warning that they are serious with
these

Effects Of The Quebec Act On The American Revolution

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