1. Contents
Contents.........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................2
1.2 Background of the research......................................................................................................2
1.3 Statement of the problem........................................................................................................2
1.4 Research Objectives..................................................................................................................3
1.5 Research Quesions....................................................................................................................3
1.6 Operational Definitions.............................................................................................................3
1.7 Limitation of The Study.............................................................................................................4
1.8 Significance of The Study..........................................................................................................4
Title:
Analyzing students understanding in listening comprehension using audio and video approaches.

2. 1.1 Introduction
Nowadays instructional technology has been used widely in education as materials in teaching.
Lots of technologies have been used as teaching materials such as computer, radio, TV to make
learning session more effective and interesting. Teachers take this opportunity to use audio-
visual material to teach listening in class in order to make the learning session more active.
(Hayati & Firooz, 2011).
1.2 Background of the research
This paper will focuses on the effect of using video and audio approaches that will help students
understanding in listening comprehension. Video is more applicable for the students to improve
their listening because video will help learners to observe the gestures, facial expressions and
other aspects of body language that accompany speech. (Hayati & Firooz, 2011). Thus, this
paper will analyze on either the use of video or audio will help UiTM Diploma students in
listening class.
1.3 Statement of the problem
With the advancement of technology in education, lots of instructional technology has been
used in teaching. Listening has remained a difficult skill to teach students since setting listening
task is considered time-consuming and boring if the strategy itself is problematic to enhance
students' level of proficiency. (Ghanimi, Arjmandi & Rahimy, 2014). In order to develop this skill,
identifying the most suitable approach is important to help students to participate in listening
class. But which one is much better is a question because not much has done investigating to
identify how particular classroom -listening activities may give more benefits to students.
(Chung, 1994).

3. 1.4 Research Objectives
The research objectives of this study are as follows:
i. To investigate the effects of using documentary video with English subtitle to help
Diploma students in UiTM to improve their listening comprehension.
ii. To identify students understanding in listening comprehension via audio to different
type of the speakers’ dialect.
iii. To analyze the understanding degree of students performances in using audio and
video without subtitles in listening comprehension.
1.5 Research Quesions
i. Do documentary video with English subtitle can help Diploma students in UiTM to
improve their listening skill comprehension?
ii. Do the dialect of the speakers will effect on the students understanding in listening
comprehension via audio?
iii. How far is the degree of students’ understanding in using audio and video without
subtitle in listening comprehension?
1.6 Operational Definitions
i. Documentary
According to Wolverton, 1983 quoted by Schuster, 1999, documentary is a form of public
observation that have been existed in the history which has gone through a progress from
symbols and drawings on cave walls, to pyramids, pottery, canvas, photographic paper and
finally magnetic tape. For this research, documentary will be the genre of the video that will be
used for the students.
ii. Listening Comprehension
According to Vandergrift, 1999 as cited by Ghanimi, Arjmandi & Rahimy, 2014, listening
comprehension is an active process where the listeners need to discriminate between sound,
understand vocabulary and grammatical structures, interpret stress and intonation, retain what
was gathered in previous steps and lastly interpret it within the immediate as well as the wider

4. socio-cultural context. Listening comprehension is the skill that will be evaluated for Diploma
students in UiTM.
1.7 Limitation of The Study
The first limitation is the respondents of the study. The respondents is only limited to Diploma
students of UiTM who are taking course ELC120. ELC120 is a listening course which is a
compulsory subject that Diploma UiTM students need to take. The respondents will be from
semester 1 students who were never take this courser. Thus, the repeaters of this course will be
excluded from being the respondents of this study.
1.8 Significance of The Study
Listening is one of the main components in English skills. Students may develop their listening
skills through many ways but there are some teacher assumed that students can develop this
skills naturally. (Snow & Perkins, 1979).