LO42 Explain how chromatin can affect gene expression in eukaryotes L.pdf

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LO42 Explain how chromatin can affect gene expression in eukaryotes LO45 Identify the consequences of DNA methylation and histone methylation and acetylation on gene expression The following is an excerpt form the article: Long-range enhancer-promoter contacts in gene expression control B "Enhancers can be located upstream, downstream or in introns of target genes or unrelated genes and are bound by both tissue-specific transcription factors and cofactors, such as p300, Mediator and BRG1. Depending on their post-translational histone modifications, enhancers can be subdivided into various states: neutral (somewhat active, marked by methylation of K4 on histone H3 (H3K4me1)), poised (inactive, marked by H3K4me1 and trimethylation of K27 on histone H3 ( H3K27me3 )) and active (marked by H3K4me1 and acetylation of K27 on histone H3 What can we conclude about the enhancers? H3K4me1 causes the enhancer section to have a euchromatin conformation Acetylation of histones cause activation of expression H3K4me1 causes the enhancer section to have a euchromatin conformation H3K27ac causes the enhancer section to have a euchromatin conformation Methylation of histones always cause inhibition.

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