Assisted Suicide Argumentative Essay

Assisted Suicide Argumentative Essay
"Dogs do not have many advantages over people, but one of them is extremely important: euthanasia is not forbidden by law in their case; animals
have the right to a merciful death."
вЂ• Milan Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness of Being
One of the most controversial topics that is being debated today, both morally and legally, isassisted suicide, sometimes known as active euthanasia.
Assisted suicide is the act of directly intervening in order to end the life of a terminally ill patient (i.e. administering a large amount of sleeping pills).
The word "euthanasia", comes from Latin "eu" for "good" and "thanatos" for "death" (OCRT 1). Many people in this country are existing in a "living
death", suffering on a day to day basis. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They believe that assisted suicide crosses the moral border into government–condoned killing. The Christian, Jewish, and Muslim religions all seem to
strictly discourage assisted suicide, as well as all types of suicide. They stress that life is God's alone to give, and God's alone to take (Van Biema
61). Traditional Christian beliefs against suicide were first affirmed by Thomas Aquinas, a writer in the early thirteenth century. He emphasized that
suicide (and assisted suicide) violates one's natural desire to live, harms other people, and that life is God's gift to give and take (OCRT 2). Not all
religions are against suicide, either. Hinduism promotes the taking of one's own life instead of living with dishonor (Flanders 49).
Whatever a religion may offer as it's belief about suicide, the followers of that religion do not always uphold that belief. At Masada, for example, a
sect of fervently religious Jews known as Zealots held off Roman invaders for two years. When it became apparent that defeat was inevitable, their
leader convinced the remaining nine hundred and sixty of them to commit suicide (Flanders 5). And Michel de Montaigne, a Christian writer living in
France in the mid sixteenth century wrote five essays arguing that suicide is a matter of personal choice, and it is a viable option under some
circumstances (OCRT 1).
The American support of active euthanasia has been seen in national organizations
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Book Report On The Book ' Le Gai Savoir '
I remember the first time I heard about Nietzsche was a few years ago, in my chemistry class. I had a friend who spent all his time, in science classes,
reading books about philosophy. His nonconformity caught my attention. I started to be interested by the big mustache of the author on the cover page
of his book Le Gai Savoir, because I knew, of course, that all authors with big mustache– such as Victor Hugo and Albert Einstein– wrote about great
things! So I started to read Nietzsche 's works. Then, one day, my dad caught me reading Le Gai Savoir and he told me that this philosopher, born
in a town near Leipzig on 15 October 1844 (Wotling 797), had changed the way he perceived his life. He told me that when he was eighteen in
China, he was very poor and due to his stressful condition, he failed the final admission exam for a university. Because of the high amount of
population and competition in China, the final exam decides unfortunately the fate of a person. He had developed depression. However, one day,
he bought a Nietzsche 's book and started to read it. He told me that Nietzsche 's poetry and positive ideas motivated him to change his life, to be
greater, and to "become who [he really is]" (Nietzsche, Le Gai Savoir 251). And this is why he wasn 't afraid of immigrating to Canada with my
mother. In this essay, I will introduce this great philosopher and I will show that he agrees with the point of view of Socrates that "an unexamined life
is not worth living",

The Unbearable Lightness Of Being By Milan Kundera
People attempt to find comfort in aligning themselves to certain polar values, whether they are things like good or bad, order or chaos, or even
political values such as liberal or conservative. In these values people assign for themselves, they are searching for contentment, but within every
human is a battle between the two sides – these two sides are lightness and weight. The Unbearable Lightness of Being by Milan Kundera depicts this
feud in the lives of 4 tragic protagonists: Tomas, Tereza, Franz, and Sabina. These four are in a constant feud between lightness and weight, and only
removing the veil of these human abstractions can lead towards a path for contentment. The Unbearable Lightness of Being depicts this battle existing in
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Franz, too, experiences a conflict with his weight. He falls deeply for Sabina after leaving his child and wife, and his affair soon becomes the most
weighty thing in his life. Yet when "he met Sabina at the airport. As the plane gained altitude, he felt lighter and lighter. At last, he said to himself,
he was living in truth" (114). Even if the lightness is just something he wants to experience and he is not truly living in lightness, he is still fighting
to become light. Franz has a deep desire to be like Sabina, and he worships her for the lightness she possesses and he lacks. Kundera discusses the
idea of the struggle for lightness and weight existing in the real world as well. Yakov Stalin, the son of Joseph Stalin, experienced the highest degree
of this internal conflict: "Rejection and privilege, happiness and woe – no one felt more concretely than Yakov how interchangeable opposites are, how
short the step from one pole of human existence to the other" (244). Kundera notes that the poles of lightness and weight are dizzyingly close, and it is
this dizziness that drives Yakov to try to kill himself. The conflict inside him is so uncomfortable that he sees the need to end his life just to stop it.
This proves that lightness and weight, rather than allowing people to find contentment, only drives people further away from it.
The way an individual aligns

Analysis of Richard Kenney's Aubade Essay
An aubade is a poem that greets the dawn and characteristically involves the parting of lovers. This particular aubade describes an everyday morning
in the life of the speaker, who seems to be going to work or has some other task which requires him to be up at five o'clock. Its so early in the
morning that it is still dark outside, and he can see the stars and the moon still bright in the sky. The temperature outside is freezing, which contributes
much to the way he describes things in the poem. This is a very lyrical poem. The speaker's emotions and intentions are made very clear in very
inconspicuous ways. The subtle repetition of certain words and images give the poem a very distinct tone. For example, the repetition of the words...
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The "arc" has to do with the book's idea of eternal return, Nietzsche's ideas of the eternal recurrence of time. However, although Kundera is a
South–Asian writer, the pick up truck and the icebox suggest a very American setting. In many ways, this poem is unusual in its subject. It deters
in several ways from a typical aubade, such as Donne's "The Sun Rising" or the internal aubade introducing the bird narrator in Chaucer's "Troilus
and Criseyde." For this poem, it is important to note that rather than detailing the parting of lovers, this poem addresses a parting which has
already taken place. The speaker is likely driving away from his love, having left her, and imagining her still asleep. The last line of the poem has a
certain intimacy to it, that even though they are apart, in the speaker's mind they are still joined by this moment, as he seems to have an awareness
or thoughtfulness regarding what she is doing as he moves further away. Also, the speaker in an aubade is usually discontented that he has to leave
his love; this speaker is somehow consoled by the knowledge that a parting is never really a parting (his driving off is somehow symbolic of this.) It
is also interesting to note that this aubade doesn't greet the sun; rather it mentions the moon instead. This poem also uses many symbolic images. Many
of the parts of the car which he describes utilize poetic devices and contribute to the poem's theme. The "spark and arc" is an interesting use of

Individualism In Frankenstein
fact that the monster is superior and be with him. This idea leads into the fact that the women in the novel are supposed to be 'indebted' to the men.
This is demonstrated by Justine's confession to the murder of William, which she did not commit. The Frankensteins adopted Justine, which kept her
from starving on the streets. Based upon her adoption, Justine felt an indebtedness to the family, specifically the men (they provide for the family),
and this debt drove her to confess to murder. Her adoption caused the men to have to provide for another person, and in order to lessen the debt, she
took away the misfortune of William's death by confessing, allowing the family to mourn and continue living (Shelley 83). Had she not confessed,
Justine... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First of all, Sabina hates and refuses to participate in parades. "When the time came to sing, she never knew the words of the songs and would
merely open and close her mouth. But the other girls would notice and report her. From her youth on, she hated parades" (Kundera 50). Parades, in
the eyes of Sabina, represent kitsch, and she refuses to participate. Also, Sabina makes an effort to be an individual through her paintings. She rebelled
against the artistic rules at the Academy of Fine Arts, and disagreed with everything she was taught there; she used her paintings to do something that
differed from normal art at the time (Kundera 132). Additionally, Sabina finds passion in her life through having multiple lovers, opposite of Tereza's
lack of excitement or passion. Further, Sabina does not deny literal or metaphorical shit; "While she was looking at herself in the mirror, excited by
her self–denigration, she had a fantasy of Tomas seating her on the toilet in her bowler hat and watching her void her bowels" (Kundera 130). Unlike
the usual kitsch, Sabina does not deny shit, and even fantasizes about it with Tomas; she is unafraid by its existence. Finally, Sabina rebels against
kitsch by not subscribing to an aesthetic ideal. She revolts against the idealistic image that Franz believes she is by leaving him; she does not identify
with, nor would she become his aesthetic ideal (Kundera 62). She also

Visiting Phantom Bodies
Art 1010 – Art Appreciation
Visiting Phantom Bodies at the Frist Center for the Visual Arts (919 Broadway) was one of the most thrilling experiences I have experienced in the
recent past. The exhibition provided me with an excellent opportunity to view countless works of art by a wide range of artists, an opportunity I
treasure especially because I got to learn a lot from the different works of art available at the center. Phantom Bodies essentially refers to works of art
that take a provocative approach in addressing themes such as loss, trauma, and transformation, and which aim to demonstrate the possibility that an
animating spirit could potentially exist independently of the body (Frist Center for the Visual Arts2015). I was most fascinated ... Show more content on
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Therefore, the work engages the mind in a lot and this happens because of the powerful impact of color and texture, which serves to demonstrate
emphasis and variety, which also occurs because the artist has combined them in a perfectly symmetrical manner (John F. Kennedy Center for the
Performing Arts 2014). The thoughts relating to the body are powerful to the reader, and they serve to remind the audience that death is inevitable and
that we all have to face it as some point in our lives. Therefore, the principles of texture and color trigger remembrance especially because of the
numerous repetitions that help to create balance, unity, harmony, and symmetry (Sayre 2012).
I find this painting to be quite appealing because it evokes many thoughts and emotions relating to the mind, body, and the soul. More importantly, I
find it very appealing because of its stunning beauty, which mainly happens because the artist has focused a lot on achieving harmony, unity, balance,
and symmetry, all of which are critical in ensuring excellent art work. The use of butterflies helps to enhance its appeal. Similarly, the use of different
colors and different sizes of butterflies contributes a lot in creating some form of texture and form that is appealing to the

Unbearable Lightness By Portia De Foss
In the book "Unbearable lightness: a story of loss and gain", author Portia De Rossi takes her audience through her life explaining how she dealt
with Anorexia and Bulimia while trying to achieve her dreams in the public eye. She takes you into her mind and lets you know her thoughts and
goals. She shares what herself and thousands of other people struggle through everyday. She explains how her constant need for perfection almost
ruined her life. Portia, or formally known before fame as Amanda Rodgers, moved from her home in Australia to Los Angeles to achieve her lifelong
dream of being a model and actress. From a young age, she explains she was always setting herself at the highest standard, never wanting to be
average. "Average. It was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was constantly submerged in 'perfect' individuals who strived for greatness and fame. When she first landed her first role on 'Ally McBeal'
she decided to get a nutritionist. She began a healthy diet that ultimately led to her rapid deterioration. Portia would make slight alterations to her
nutritionists diet plan, "Suzanne had set my calorie intake for optimum weight loss at 1400 calories a day. I reset it to 1000, problem solved"
(131, De Rossi). She would constantly tell herself that a slight change could only benefit her but the small changes she made to her lifestyle
quickly added up. A diet of 1,000 calories a day gradually decreases making its way to 900, 750, and eventually 500 calories a day. Everything she
ate was precisely measured out to ensure her caloric intake was nothing higher or lower than desired. Not only did she moniter foods but also the
potential items she could accidentally ingest such at lip balm or lip gloss. On top of her extremely unambiguous diet, she became infatuated with
working out. Not only did she work out 2–3 times daily but she went as far to place a treadmill in her dressing room, "At lunch i had walked on the
treadmill in my dressing room for an hour" (4, De Rossi). She continued with her low calorie, high cardio routine for months while rapidly losing
weight, each pound lost considered an achievement. Everytime she was told she looked 'too skinny' she took it as a compliment other than a subtle
gesture that

Constitution Of Ideas
The Constitution of Ideas
"An optimist is someone thinks on planet number five ... mankind will be less bloody. A pessimist is one who thinks otherwise" (225) From different
perspectives, two can view the same thing but see it drastically different. Thus, many oppositions exist throughout The Unbearable Lightness of Being
are born, including faithfulness and infidelity, the the dichotomous poles of human existence, and the eternal return or a single existence. But behind
all of these oppositions stands the opposition of lightness and heaviness as the building block of all of them. It is the atom behind all the molecules.
Harnessing the power of the opposition of lightness and heaviness just as scientists harness the power of the atom, Kundera ... Show more content on
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The concept of eternal return is first introduced through warfare analogies, where "a war between two African kingdoms in the fourteenth century"
happened only once and that it will "[turn] into mere words, theories, lighter than feather" (3, 4), whereas if "the [war] were to recur eternally", it
will be considered eternal return and it would "become a solid mass, permanently protuberant" (4, 4). Something that happened only once will be
lost in its inanity to history, but something that reoccurs gains weight and becomes permanent. Thus, something could only be classified as eternal
return if it occurs endlessly and adds weight in history. Kundera reiterates by saying that "a Robespierre who occurs only once is history and a
Robespierre who eternally returns, chopping off French heads" (4) have infinite differences. Using Robespierre and his shocking guillotine in a
humorous context of eternal return, Kundera manages to express his idea of weight in eternal return as well as mock history of its foolishness.
Throughout the book, however, the idea of eternal return comes as the motif of birds of fortuity, as Tereza felt "The birds of fortuity had alighted
once more", and that she was "impelled by the birds of fortuity fluttering down on her shoulder" (75, 52). The symbol of a bird to embody

Unbearable Darkness : A Case Study : Unbearable Lightness
"I didn't decide to become Anorexic. It snuck up on me disguised as a healthy diet, a professional attitude. Being as thin as possible was a way to
make the job of being an actress easier.........." (De Rossi, 2012) The following case study will firstly give a summary of the first person account
written by Portia De Rossi. Secondly, discuss her symptoms and link them to the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of an Eating disorder in the DSM–V
(APA, 2013). Finally the case study will evaluate the use of Psychological Theory and research to better understand the problems she faced.
Unbearable Lightness is a published first person account by Portia De Rossi, of the psychological and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For the purpose of this case study the DSM–V criteria for a diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa will be focused on as Portia was
diagnosed and treated for both (APA, 2013). According to the DSM–V criteria, to be diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa an individual must display the
following symptoms; a) Recurrent episodes of binge eating (categorised as both eating in a discrete time period an amount of food that is larger than
what would be eaten by others in a smaller time frame) and a sense of loss of control over the eating behaviour b) Compensatory behaviour in order to
prevent weight gain, such as vomiting, laxative use, fasting and excessive exercise. c) The binge eating and compensatory must occur once a week for
three months. d) Self–evaluation is overly influenced by body shape and weight. E) The behaviour does not occur exclusively during episodes of
Anorexia Nervosa. The DSM–V for Anorexia Nervosa states the following as symptoms that must be present for a diagnosis; a) Persistent restriction
of energy intake leading to an extreme reduction in body weight (in relation to what is expected for age, sex, developmental and physical health). b)
An intense fear of gaining weight, becoming fat or behaviour that interferes with weight gain. c) Disturbance in how the body weight or shape is
evaluated by

What Is The Conflict In The Unbearable Lightness Of Being
Although there is no one way to live, in times of peril, there is oftentimes only a single way to survive. Tomas, the fatally flawed protagonist in The
Unbearable Lightness of Being, is constructed around the predicament that with only one life, choices are made insignificant and meaningless. This is
devastating for Tomas' wife, Tereza, who attempts to condone his carefree bachelor ways, but ultimately feels degraded by Tomas' infidelity. Although
Tereza willingly fled Czechoslovakia before the Russian invasion with Tomas, six months afterwards, Tereza is convinced that she has become a
burden on her husband and returns unexpectedly to Prague. Her abrupt departure induces Tomas' midlife crisis as he is unsure if he should follow. Due
to the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After Tomas and Tereza are acquainted by haphazardous events, Tereza arrives in Prague with the sole intention of reuniting with him. Retrospecting
on Tereza's arrival with her heavy suitcase, symbolic of the heavy burden that she would impose on his life, Tomas compares his wife–to–be to an
abandoned child. He justifies loving her noting, "If Polybus hadn't taken in the young Oedipus, Sophocles wouldn't have written his most beautiful
tragedy" (11). However, this is in violation of Tomas' code that in happy romantic relationships, neither person can claim ownership of the other.
Likewise, Tereza, after taking ownership of Tomas, seeks no identity beyond her relationship with him, as he alone is able to unify her body and
soul. The first time they met, Tereza felt "her soul rushing up through the blood vessels and pores to show itself to him" (48). For this reason, her
husband's infidelity is more detrimental than jealousy, as Tereza's individuality is in the hands of a man who equates her to other women. Moreover,
Kundera extends the allusion to Sophocles' Oedipus Rex later in the novel through one of Tereza's traumatic dreams in which she has been buried
while Tomas has been with other women. When Tomas returns, he attempts to remove the dirt from his wife's eyes, which prompts Tereza to respond,
"I can't see anyway. I have holes instead of eyes" (227). This

Physician Assisted Suicide
Patients suffering from terminal illnesses, battle feeling worthless and hopeless on a daily basis. This is due to our jurisdiction forcing them to live.
The number of people suffering continues to increase. Although a doctor's position is to prolong life, euthanasia should be considered in certain cases.
Because of the advances in technology euthanasia and physician assisted suicide are now an option for terminally ill patients who are going to suffer
from an incurable and painful disease or are in an irreversible coma. Euthanasia and physician assisted suicide should be legalized because the public
supports it, it would only be used for patients who are terminally ill, and it alleviates unnecessary suffering. The word euthanasia originates ... Show
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The oath is still used by physicians to treat the ill to the best of one's ability, to preserve a patient's privacy, to teach the secrets ofmedicine to the next
generation, and so on. The oath states, "I will apply, for the benefit of the sick, all measures which are required, avoiding those twin traps of
overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism." Euthanasia doesn't break the hippocratic oath because it's not harming a patient if the patient is suffering
while alive. Applying for the benefit of the sick no matter what measures are required can mean ending a patient's life who is suffering from an
incurable disease. The main purpose of the oath is for a physician to swear to do no harm. Allowing a suffering patient to live is doing more harm than
letting them choose to end their life. Fifty five percent of terminally ill patients will die in pain; legalizing Euthanasia will drop this staggering number
tremendously. Euthanasia also has a connection with abortion, which is legal. Abortion is the killing of a foetus and euthanasia is the killing of a
terminally ill patient. If abortion is legal and accepted then euthanasia should be legalized and

The Unbearable Lightness Of Being And Sugarcoat The Harsh...
In The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Milan Kundera kitsch is defined an artistic model that "excludes everything from its purview which is
essentially unacceptable in in human existence" (248). Kundera is basically saying that various methods of art and culture attempt to evade issues
that may reveal unfriendly aspects of being and sugarcoat the harsh truth. Kitsch is being demonstrated at the end of the novel when Kundera depicts
an emotional death of the dog, Karenin. Kundera gives as an example of this after Tomas and Tereza find out their dog has cancer and spend the last
few days of Karenin's life awaiting the inevitable. Tereza's neighbor questions the dog's health one day when she's on a walk. Tereza informs her,
begins to tear and

Argumentative Essay On Euthanasia
Euthanasia is "the deliberate act undertaken by means of putting one person with the intention of ending the life of another person, to relieve that
person's suffering where that act is the cause of death". On June 17th 2016 the Canadian government passed a new federal legislation "creating a
regulatory framework for the purpose of medical assistance in dying in Canada". The euthanasia procedure is new to the medical industry although it is
widely recognized in the veterinary industry. Unfortunately, it is unpredictable howdeath will personally play its part on our lives, as everyone,
wishes to die a peaceful and dignified death that is not at all times the case. This is shown in individuals living with a terminal illness, or that are in
an irreversible coma. What is often forgotten is that death is a normal part of life as it is inevitable. Therefore, if an individual personally wishes to
be euthanized at the end of their life due to the unbearable pain and suffrage they are enduring it is more than acceptable. Whereas to force a person
to suffer while await the moment their life will end is in fact a punishment and a truly inhumane act. In the Veterinary industry, euthanasia puts
terminally ill animals that have minimal likelihood of survival, and recovery to rest. This is a perfect example on how Euthanasia is already being
used in a positive way to put animals out of their misery. Animals have the disadvantage of not be able to speak their minds therefore, end of life

Translation Of Han Shaogong's Unbearable Lightness Of Being?
2.1.2Application
There are no specific research articles exploring the song lyrics translation from the perspective of rewriting theory. However, analyzing literature
translation works as rewriting are frequently discussed among scholars.
By analyzing Han Shaogong's the translation of Milan Kundera's Unbearable Lightness of Being, Liu (2010) raises the opinion of rewriting is a
necessity because the ideologies in two different language cultures are different. The influence of ideology is presented during the process of the
selection of literature works to translate (Liu, 2010). Unbearable Lightness of Being was introduced to China and translated because its author Milan
Kundera's country has experienced communist society as well. This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the study of Translation as Rewriting: A Study of Linguistic Politeness in the Story of the Stone, Chen (2014) identifies the difference of the
politeness phenomena in Chinese and English and claims that it has led to the rewriting of addressing forms. Ma (2013) also agrees with this point of
view in her research on Hawkes' Translation of Hong Lou Meng from the Perspective of Rewriting Theory.
2.2Lyrics translation
2.2.1Components in song lyrics translation
In the study of Singable Translations of Songs accomplished by Low in 2003, Low (2003) proposed the rudiment of the factors in song lyrics
translation being the compatibility with the pre–existing music. In The Pentathlon Approach to Translating Songs, Low (2005, p. 194–197) moves
forward to list five criteria in song lyrics translation: singability, sense, naturalness, rhythm and rhyme. Meanwhile, Low (2005, p. 197) also denotes
that rhyme is not a necessity based on whether the song lyrics translation will be sung or not. Later in his study of Translating Songs that Rhyme,
Low (2008) put forward the opinion of sense and naturalness being comparably important as rhyme and rhythm in need for flexibility. These five
criteria were later accepted by Risso who also used them in his research on rap translation (Risso, 2010). Similarly, Andersson and Ulvaeus (2010) hold
same opinion with Low but combine the five parameters into three: singability, rhyme and

The Effects Of Media On Body Image
Media holds such high standards in today 's society, and media as a whole has gotten so much power throughout the years. There are so many
different forms of media in today 's world: newspapers, magazines, televisions, the hundreds of websites on the Internet, social media applications,
computers, and novels. Media advertises thousands of different things, but something that has stayed consistent over the years is advertisement on
body image. Media advertises a specific body type, pushes different dietary needs to achieve this body type and thus creating the standard of in order
to be beautiful, this particular body type must be achieved. However, what advertisers seem to be neglecting is the effect their advertisements are
having on its viewers. The constant push to achieve a certain body type has affected the health of thousands of people around the world, and directly
affecting the eating disorder epidemic. What exactly is an eating disorder? There are multiple different types of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa,
bulimia nervosa, eating–disorder–not–otherwise–specified, and binge eating disorder. These are just some of the more common eating disorders
people can suffer from. Anorexia nervosa according to National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), is "characterized by self–starvation and
excessive weight loss." In other words a person who suffers from anorexia nervosa refuses to eat in hopes to lose weight at an excessive pace. Bulimia
nervosa is "characterized by a

the unbearable lightness of being Essay
The Unheard Voice of Commitment      What the reader understands of the infidelity of Milan Kundera's characters
in The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a mere distraction from the real substance of the story and of the character's real purpose. Kundera offers
the reader a red herring and only through close examination can one dissect and abstract the true essence of each character's thread that links them to
one another in this story. For it is not clearly seen: in fact, it can not be seen at all. It is the fierce absence of the word commitment that is so blatantly
seen in each individual, yet the word itself is buried so deeply inside of Tomas and Tereza that it takes an animal's steadfast and unconditional... Show
"Her feeling was rather that, given the nature of the human couple, the love of man and woman is a priori inferior to that which can exist (at least
in the best instances) in the love between man and dog, that oddity of human history probably unplanned by the creator" (297). Tereza knew as the
dog lay dying that the reason why she snuggled so close to Karenin was her commitment. That same commitment was the reason why she still slept
next to Tomas every night. Love, whether we perceive it or not, has a hold that stitches souls together in the patchwork of life. It was not until after
the dog's death that Tomas grasped this idea as well.      Karenin proved to be a symbol of Tomas and Tereza's
marriage and the prospect of death seemed to inevitably doom the marriage. Tereza understood that Karenin's commitment to please was the reason
why the dog held on. Kundera's following passage reflects this, "It was sad, what she said, yet without realizing it they were happy. They were
happy not in spite of their sadness but thanks to it. They were holding hands and both had the same image in their eyes: a limping dog who
represented ten years of their lives" (293). In the existence of a dog there was a light. This light did not fade when the dog's existence was ceased,
yet grew brighter in the eyes of a man. Tomas learned that in his years of endless escapades and rendevous with strange woman, was his resistence to
love and commitment to Tereza. He

The Red Convertible By Louis Erdrich Summary
Many different aspects of "The Red Convertible" written by Louis Erich simultaneously reflect the theme of her story. Though, many people believe
the effects of war are strictly cast upon the soldier. However In addition to the casualties the soldiers face, there are also further reaching effects to the
family members as well as friends of the soldiers, such as strained relationships and the lack of communication. Erdrich reveals the possible effects war
can have on soldiers and the people who care about that soldier. Some of the effects are PTSD, strain in relationships, depression, and even suicide.
Erdrich's story sheds some light on the mental problems some soldiers had to face after the Vietnam war. In her story she gives a glimpse of how a
soldier who has faced an unbearable amount of pain and fear, struggles to be reintroduced into society. During the... Show more content on
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Before Henry was sent to the war, there were many instances in the story where light resembled a sense of well–being and happiness. Henry and
Lyman spent many summery days in Alaska, spending time together. Lyman states, " The sun doesn't truly set there in the summer, and the nights
here are more of a soft dusk" (Erdrich 2). The seemingly endless days in Alaska, symbolize an seemingly endless supply of happiness. Even the
problematic moments have an upside because the light never completely leaves. Unfortunately later on in the story, the meaning of light shifts to
something more tense. Lyman looks at a picture of Henry. Lyman states, " It was so sunny Henry had to squint against the glare"(Erdrich 6) " There
are two shadows curved like little hooks around the ends of his smile, as if to frame it and try to keep it there"(Erdrich 6). This specific quote gives
the sense that the lightness Henry found by working on the car, is desperately fighting for a place in Henry's

Euthanasia Should Be Legal Essay
"Dogs do not have many advantages over people, but one of them is extremely important: euthanasia is not forbidden by law in their case; animals
have the right to a merciful death."
вЂ• Milan Kundera, The Unbearable Lightness of Being Euthanasia is a controversial issue. Many people believe that doctors should not prescribe
any medication that ends a person's life since it is considered to be against the Hippocratic Oath. The Hippocratic Oath states that doctors are
professionally obliged to save lives. Some consider euthanasia to be immoral and others say that it is murder. Euthanasia should ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This type of euthanasia is practiced on persistent vegetative patients who cannot speak for themselves, but who have said in the past that they would
not have wanted to live that way. Active euthanasia is commonly confused with physician assisted suicide. Physician–assisted suicide is performed
"when a physician, at a rational request of an adequately informed, competent patient who plans to commit suicide, knowingly provides that patient
with the medical means...and the patient uses those means to commit suicide" (Gert). Through this method, a physician does not "actively" kill the
person, but simply provides the person with the means to end their own life. For example, a doctor gives a patient an injection of a morphine that is
sufficient to cause their death, but does not administer it. In the other hand, a physician "actively" kills a patient to end his or her suffering in active
euthanasia. For instance, a physician either overdoses the patient with pain–killers or sleeping pills. Although they are done differently, they both have
the same purpose of ending a person's suffering and pain. Legalizing euthanasia provides a way to relieve extreme pain. Modern medicine has brought
great benefits to humanity such as prolonging life, but by prolonging life it is also

The Unbearable Lightness Of Being Character Analysis
The Unbearable Lightness of Being is written by Milan Kundera, a Czech novelist. It is mostly set in late 1960's Prague. The novel explores the state
of life after the Russian military occupation of Prague. The author does not follow a chronological order throughout the novel, which is a reflection of
how disorderly life is. It is a time of conflict both spiritually and physically. People start to question the meaning of life if there is any meaning at all.
Kundera begins the novel by refusing both Nietzsche's interpretation of eternal return and Parmenides' classification of lightness as positive and weight
as negative. Then he argues the point that lightness is unbearable and proves his point through his observations of the four main characters' ... Show
He begins by explaining Nietzsche's interpretation of the concept of "eternal return". Then, he tries to prove that the concept does not exist for humans
outside the realm of paradise. Thus, it is unachievable. Later on he rejects Parmenides' classification of lightness as positive and weight as negative.
Kundera believes that lightness may seem initially freeing and sweet but this sweetness disintegrates gradually and eventually becomes unbearable. On
the other hand categorizing one theory as unbearable does not necessarily make the other bearable. If Kundera rejects both lightness and weight;
identifying them as extremities, where does that leave human beings? Do they choose lightness, weight or maybe a little of both? These questions are
not directly answered but are insinuated through Tomas' and Teresa's

The Unbearable Lightness of Being
The Unbearable Lightness of Being – It is Better to Carry a Heavy Load
"Is it better to carry a heavy load on your shoulders, or cope with the unbearable lightness of being?"
Phillip Kaufman coupled brilliant film techniques with wonderful acting to put together the film The Unbearable Lightness of Being based off of Milan
Kundera's novel of the same title. The film is set in Prague during the spring of 1968. At this time the Russians are still trying to exercise their
communist control over Czechoslovakia, and Prague is a city filled with political uprisings and violent outbursts from the Czech people. Within the
movie and the plot, Kaufman and Kundera want to help us answer the question, "is it better to carry a heavy load on ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
After this first escapade we see Tomas go to Sabina. In her room filled with mirrors andabstract art. Multiple scenes take place in Sabina's isolated
bedroom. In fact hardly ever, do we see Sabina and Tomas together outside of Sabina's apartment. Their love is contained with the walls of her
apartment. Kundera and Kauffman use this to illustrate how Sabina wants to protect their relationship from the outside world and reality.
From the beginning Kaufman and Kundera illustrate for us that there is a mutual understanding between Tomas and Sabina. She recognizes and
accepts his playful and wandering heart. It is obvious through her emotional and physical confidence that she knows Tomas sleeps with other
women, but she does not care. This confidence is presented to us in the love scenes between Sabina and Tomas. With her erotic hat, kinky mirrors,
and playful love making, back grounded by the up beat music, we are lead to believe that Sabina is as laid back about her love life as Tomas is.
Sabina's care free attitude and confidence is reinforced throughout the movie. Sabina is the first person that Tomas tells about Tereza. From what
Tomas tells her it is obvious that any relationship with Tereza is going to be more serious than their own relationship. Each time during the course of
the film that Tomas is having problems with Tereza he goes to Sabina. When they are in Geneva and Tereza leaves to return to Prague, Tomas first turns
to Sabina. At the

Essay about Nietzsche, Kundera, and Shit
Friedrich Nietzsche saw himself surrounded by a world of human constructs. Humanity had become a herd, clinging to these concepts like cattle
grazing at a favorite patch of grass. Individual identity struggled to exist. The morality of the mediocre reigned supreme. Nietzsche lived in a dead
world.
Milan Kundera lives in the world today. His world is dead much like Nietzsche's. Denial is the focal point of society. Society assimilates difference and
denies what cannot be assimilated. In his novel, The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Kundera relies on the word kitsch to describe the force of denial.
"Kitsch is a absolute denial of shit" (Kundera 248). Kitsch is an inescapable part of the human condition.
Though ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Essentially this entails supporting the notion that human existence is justified and advantageous by appealing to God or his ideological equivalent.
It is necessary for kitsch to blind its followers not only to shit but to death as well in order to promote this agreement with being. "Tereza's dream
reveals the true function of kitsch: kitsch is a folding screen set up to curtain off death" (Kundera 253). Kitsch teaches us to ascribe higher meanings
to our lives beyond shit or death. Kitsch is, in one sense, a more generic term for Nietzsche's concept of morality. Even Nietzsche's own craft,
philosophy, is not exempt from the powers of kitsch.
"Philosophy itself is this tyrannical drive itself,
the most spiritual will to power ...it always
creates the world in its own image" (Beyond 16).
Philosophy, thus, is a movement toward kitsch of some sort.
Kitsch is fundamentally connected to Reason. For Nietzsche both are deeply rooted in denial. Reason inscribes everything within a common frame of
reference and consequently avoids the here and now. Reason totalizes. It is a barrier to the present. It robs the individual of sensibility and
responsibility. Abstract concepts, people, places become objectified and subject to a rational truth (Beyond 16). Reason lies to us; that is its purpose
and "we are accustomed to lying" (Beyond 105).

Essay on Movie Analyses
Movie Analyses
There is more to movies than pure visual quality and simple, predictable plots. While a movie may be able to appeal to masses of people with pure
visceral quality, most quality movies have more in the way of character interaction and establish of an environment that suits the movie. There are
many qualities to judge a movie by, but it is best to find qualities that certain movies share in common to best judge the two. The three movies being
compared and contrasted in this paper are The House of Games, Blue Velvet, and The Unbearable Lightness of Being. To best analyze these movies,
they will be looked at from three viewpoints: their use of both physical and emotional relationships, their use of surrealism, and their use ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The movie plays out in what are essentially two opposite settings, with half of the scenes seeming like a satires of idealistic American small–towners,
in a suburban area in which nothing looks wrong, and the other half taking place in a dark underworld where some of the most unthinkable violent and
sexual acts are committed. A quick synopsis of the plot is thatJeffrey hunts down Frank after meeting Dorothy and he makes it his personal mission
to save Dorothy from the life Frank has forced upon her. The final movie that is being gone over is called The Unbearable Lightness of Being. This
movie is about a Czech doctor named Tomas who seems to take nothing seriously in his life, despite living in Prague at a time of great tension between
the Czech citizens and Soviet Communist government.
Tomas basically sees the whole world as his sexual playground, driven perhaps by his sex– without–love relationship with his

Essay on Unbearable Lightness of being
A touching and sad novel, at once a compelling love story, philosophical text, and dialogue with Frederich Nietzsche–– The Unbearable Lightness of
Being is all of these and more, perhaps most importantly a manifesto of embracing nihilism. Milan Kundera opens the novel with a discourse on
Nietzsche's doctrine of the eternal recurrence. He rejects any view of the recurrence as being real or metaphysical. It is metaphorical he assures us. In
a world of objective meaninglessness one must fall into nihilism unless one acts as if one's acts recur eternally, thus giving our acts
"weight," the weight of those choices we make, as though recurring eternally, living forever. Kundera rejects Nietzsche's optimism and in
compelling detail... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tomas follows in a few days, knowing that somehow this is crazy and he is condemning himself to misery, but he must go, it is his fate and he
returns. In a second incident he had published a letter to the editor in a newspaper which explored the notion of being responsible for acts whether
or not one KNEW the outcome. His model case was Oedipus who had no idea he was violating so many social and moral rules of his society.
Tomas is speaking about those in Czechoslovakia who acted in a similar manner toward the Russians. Later on this is taken as a socially subversive
point of view and he is asked to retract. For reasons he himself hardly understands he refuses and his refusal causes him to be banned as a physician
and condemned to low–level manual labor, first in Prague and later on a collective farm in a rural area. But even these choice are more his fate than a
choice of meaning. The notion of fate, or what Nietzsche refers to as "amor fati" (love of fate) is the notion that nature somehow presents
us with situations which we cannot escape and we simply have to bear them. Tomas must accept and bear his love for Tereza no matter how painful
and hopeless. He must accept his Oedipus letter no matter the consequences. Yet, even this acceptance cannot escape the ultimate "unbearable
lightness of being," the meaninglessness of all our acts in a world in which our acts simply don't live forever. Kundera says in the last pages of

Commentary on The Unbearable Lightness of Being Essay
This commentary will explore the use of vocabulary, punctuation and imagery by Milan Kundera in an extract of the novel The Unbearable
Lightness of Being . The passage to be analysed is located in the fourth part of the book named "Soul and Body". It portrays a scene where one of the
main characters, Tereza, is in front of a mirror and finds herself dealing with the conflict between identity and image. Her disconformities with her
body act as a trigger for this questioning to arise and bring back memories from her childhood. The entire passage is structured in three sections: one
where she criticises her body, another where queries arise from these observations and finally one where she demonstrates her definite opinion on the
situation.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of these are highlighted by repetition like "very large, very dark circles". The metaphor at the end of the paragraph on pornography conveys a
feeling of vulgarity, violence and despicability. The idea of the body as a means for sex is a theme around which the passage also revolves and we
are introduced to it by the inclusion of the term "pornography". As a consequence, the reader is impacted and comprehends Tereza's deep concerns and
overall heaviness of her character. We are accustomed to long sentences from the beginning, successful tool for the author to elongate and deepen the
imagery of the passage. In addition, they simulate movement and provide the reader with the idea of Tereza's eyes moving along her skin, examining
every detail of it. After this description, Kundera follows to a set of questions that arise in Tereza's mind. This change in punctuation clearly introduces
the reader into a new environment, a more philosophical one where Tereza deliberates upon the relationship between soul and body. Kundera's choice
of separating each of these thoughts into different, short paragraphs gives the sensation of thoughts flashing up in the character's mind. Simultaneously,
it pauses the reader in order to be able to answer those doubts from their own perspective. Nonetheless, Kundera grants Tereza an

Theme Of Carry In The Things They Carried
The idea of carrying in O'Brien's "The things they carried" H.G. Wells once noted "If we do not end war – war will end us". And indeed, the threat war
poses is devastating – physically or emotionally. The Vietnam War is not an exception. O'Brian's book, The Things They Carried, which is about
the Vietnam War, is a perfect example of description of the importance of carrying. One of the passages in the book says that "They (the characters
of the book) carried the soldier's greatest fear, which was the fear of blushing. Men killed, and died, because they were embarrassed not to. ...They
died so as not to die of embarrassment". This is the paradigm of the concept of war and emotions the soldiers carry. The book starts with a paragraph
about Jimmy Cross keeping and carrying letters from Martha; they are not love letters, but they are very precious for Jimmy. He reads and reads the
letters imagining romantic meetings with Martha; He wants her to love him. By keeping the letters, jimmy Cross tries to keep the memorable things
and emotions that connects him with Martha. However, besides their feelings, the soldiers carry all the necessary things they may need when being far
from home; the things dictated by the war and its conditions such as openers, pocket knives, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Why has he written the book – because he feels the weight of the necessary things or because he is overwhelmed with those emotions and wants to
share them? The most unbearable is to carry the emotional weight caused by killing human beings. Physical pains stop sooner or later, but Tim O'Brien
cannot forgive himself the killing. He has written the book to get free of his emotions, to leave the Vietnam War and its terrible consequences behind.
He knows that, unlike physical weight, emotional weight of pain, burden and sense of guilt will never leave. He cannot reach the state of unbearable
lightness of

Heavy Versus Light Reading: The Decipherment of Literary...
Heavy Versus Light Reading: The Decipherment of Literary and Non–Literary Texts
In attempting to discriminate between the nature of a "literary" text and a "non–literary" text, a metaphor from Milan Kundera's The Unbearable
Lightness of Being comes to mind. Especially in considering this same novel in contrast with a novel such as Danielle Steele's Vanished, the idea of
lightness versus heaviness presents itself, and with it, a new way of approaching the decipherment of any high/low dichotomy of "literariness". When
the "literary" text is imagined as "heavy" and the "non–literary" as "light", an interesting illumination is cast upon the scene, and parallels emerge
alongside ideas originally presented in the writings of A. Easthope ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The supposed traits of the high cultural text seem to fall into the category of "heavy" – weighty in its complexity, and implicitness, and especially
fitting into Kundera's definition with its "plurality".
Iser mentions in The Implied Reader that a "literary" text is one which can support multiple (plural) readings. A "literary" text is, then, one which is
plural in its meanings, and hence, presents the potential for plural readings. A reader can choose a different path in each singular reading. Such a text is
"inexhaustible" in its plurality.
"...each individual reader will fill in the gaps in his own way, thereby excluding the various other possibilities...By making his decision he implicitly
acknowledges the inexhaustibility of the text; at the same time it is this very inexhaustibility that forces him to make his decision."
Such plurality is evident in a text such as The Unbearable Lightness of Being itself. Rather than relying solely upon a literal storyline, Kundera infuses
the novel with metaphor and frequent "moral reflection". This, plus the intermittent philosophical musings of the narrator which interrupt the storyline
(or "illusion") are what provide a multiplicity of options for a reader.
According to Iser, the "choices" which a reader makes in reading a text refers to the way in which the

The Role of Animals in the Unbearable Lightness of Being...
Since animals, usually pets, are sometimes an essential part of one's life, it is not surprising that we find frequent references to its role in works of
social realism, such as Wislawa Szymborska's Poems New and Collected and Milan Kundera's Unbearable Lightness of Being. Animals in literature
could be used to symbolize all sorts of things, but in particular, animals may represent the personality of a character. This is because as humans and
animals co–exist in the same atmosphere, certain aspects of a character reveal themselves in the compassion or even hatred towards the animal. Since
animals are often known to trigger the interests of humans, the attitude of the humans towards the animals contributes much to character revelation.
Both... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A life that never ends?
He'd turn his ruddy rump as if to say
Such life he neither bans nor recommends
We can see the monkey as a god now, a figure that even has power to give "life that never ends," such a contrast after the total mistreatment, above. We
see how the animals determine human characteristics: either overly mistreating, or overly obsessed.
In the poem, Cat in an empty apartment, Szymborska again criticizes the uncaring characteristic of humans and the role of animals in the poem as a
mere irritation or a vexation.
Die В– you can't do that to a cat
Since what can a cat do in an empty apartment?
Climb the walls?
Rub against the furniture? В…
From this we can perceive that animals in Szymborska's poems serve to prove that in their co–existence with humans, they are treated unfairly and the
human characteristics of cruel superiority over animals are evident in the works.
Later in the Unbearable Lightness of Being, Tomas and Tereza moves to a collective farm in Rural Czechoslovakia after the Soviet takeover of 1969
to avoid the hardships caused by Tomas' criticism of the former Czechoslovak communist regime. There, they befriend the chairman of the collective
farm, who like Tereza, shares a close relationship with an animal companion: a pig named Mephisto, which has been "raised like a dog." Even
though in the farms animals are purposely raised to be slaughtered for eating use, Mephisto is treated like his best friend, even going so far as to imagine

Push : Paradigm Complexities : Essay
Push: Paradigm Complexities 1 INTRODUCTION In Sapphire's (1997) novel Push, she emphasizes an overall theme of surviving and overcoming
adversities like identity, mental disability, and self–image. The dynamics of the book focuses on Clarice Precious Jones, a maltreated and obese,
African American teenager who struggles with the repercussions of being physically, sexually, and psychologically abused by her parents– mainly,
getting impregnated by her father. Precious and her first child by her father, whom she named Little Mongo, is used by her mother as a means of
survival to receive welfare checks. Aside from her abuse, Precious is forced to cook, clean and attend to her non–ambulatory mom, Mary. Carl, her
dad, continuously rapes her under the assumption that she "likes it and dies for it" (Sapphire, 1997, p. 24), even though her body is responding
accordingly to its biological function. While she is raped, she is disembodied and copes with her abuse by occupying her mind with thoughts of
"changing bodies" (Sapphire, 1997, p. 24). As an underprivileged African American residing in Harlem, she authenticates the embedded societal value
of being "light skinned, thereby treated right and loved by boyz" (Sapphire, 1997, p. 113). Her hardships and the realization of not fitting into that
criteria, makes her wish that she wasn't alive and entertains thoughts of suicide (Sapphire, 1997). The story unfolds when Precious is suspended for
being pregnant. Regardless of her commitment

Phantom Bodies: The Human Aura In Art Analysis
Artwork Connects Living to Dead I have been to the Frist many times, but this past experience was different. One exhibit, named Phantom Bodies:
The Human Aura in Art, fully captivated me and with each piece I was more intrigued. This collection of artwork was organized by Frist Center
Chief Curator Mark Scala and includes many different contemporary artists echoing similar themes. The gallery explores the idea of unseen forces
that make up our essence and illustrates connections between mind, body, and soul. One of the reasons I enjoyed this exhibit so much is because
several pieces involved the viewer. There were two artworks of similar style that I was immediately drawn to, which I later noticed were by the
same artist. Adam Fuss is the creator of these colorless photographs and though they share similar physical characteristics they have different
meanings. "Untitled" (2002) was an image of a skull and "Home and the World" (2010) showed an image of a mattress. From a distance, I saw what
looked like shiny aluminum surrounded by a picture frame. As I got closer I could see an image almost jumping out towards me, but only when the
light was hitting it at a certain angle. I could also see my reflection in this mirror–like creation. This type of art is called a daguerreotype and is one of
the earliest forms... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wood, steel, video protection, and binaural audio were materials used to make this piece. I liked this artwork because it was something I had never
seen before. This event is similar to a real–life incident where a man walked into a theater with a gun and began shooting at people. That is one of the
reasons I think this piece stood out to me. Also because I wasn't expecting the violence. When watching the clip and I heard the gunshots, I was taken
aback for a minute. This artwork let me experience what it would have been like to be in the same

Alternatives in Life in A Summons to New Orleans by...
The Unbearable lightness of choosing "Because you are in control of your life. Don't ever forget that. You are what you are because of the conscious
and subconscious choices you have made." –Barbara Hall, A Summons to New Orleans, 2000 I personally agree with the writer Jon Spayde on all the
aspects he has mentioned in this paper. The writer has discoursed various facets regarding the importance of alternatives in one's life. But, a very
significant point mentioned in this article is, that when a certain individual is in a position to make his own choices or take his own decisions he
must keep in mind that he alone will not be the one to face the consequences, but many people will be a part of his decisions. So one must give a serious
thought when making a choice, which may have an impact not just on one life but, on the lives of many others. Mr. Spayde points out the fact, that
having a choice is the luxury of the privileged class. The unprivileged class cannot afford the luxury of choice. Now the situation is not that bad but
we all know that they have limited choices and this lack of choice causes a problem for them in certain situations. According to my own experience,
though the lack of choices may cause hurdles at times, still, there deficiency is sometimes 'a blessing in disguise'. When a person is confined to a
certain number of options he has no other way out, but to choose amongst them. This might be the making of an individual. Like we consider an
example of a

Analysis Of The Narrator ' Of The Same Name ' By Edgar...
Charles Jenkin
Prof. Vogtman
ENG 205
11 December 2016
The Role of the Narrator in Poe's Ligeia
A widower who has suffered the loss of his beautiful, beloved, and entirely idealized wife, Ligeia, narrates Edgar Allen Poe's short story of the same
name. Soon after Ligeia's death, the narrator enters into an unfulfilling marriage with the Lady Rowena. The narrative concludes with Rowena 's death
and what vaguely appears to be the resurrection of Ligeia. Poe's short story may typically be read as a "ghost story", in which the dead Ligeia's will to
live overcomes death with its sheer power; however, the narrator, throughout the story, demonstrates that he is almost entirely unable to tell reality from
fantasy, and functions primarily in the "schizoid–position" (Schueller 601)–as evidenced by his use of many a psychological defense
mechanism–hallucinates that Ligeia kills Rowena then returns from the dead. In this interpretation, the narrator's own will for Ligeia's life is
expressed through his fantasy, which is enhanced by his heavy use of opium. Using this interpretation, it can not be the will of Ligeia that brings her
back to life, but rather the narrator's own extreme mental illness. Although the story "Ligeia" appears at first glance to be about the power of the
eponymous character's will to live, the story's primary focus actually lies in the narrator, and through his psychological breakdown the true heart of the
story is born. A reasonable assumption is that the

The Perception Of Mortality In Albert Camus's The Stranger
Mortality is a concept that can shadow a person's philosophy on life, and heavily influences the behaviors and motivations of literary characters. Human
beings question mortality and what it means in alignment to the purpose and significance of living. Many of the character in the catalog of our reading
this semester have self–made philosophies on mortality that manifest in the thought processes of characters and direction their stories and lives take.
The way that characters comprehend mortality proves itself to be a major influence on the behaviors and motivations that are integral to these novels.
You see mortality through the lens of chance, existentialism, religion, violence, even as the catalyst for appreciating life. The interpretations of
mortality are often shaped by the experiences we go through, and this holds true in complicated, simple, and unique texts. In Albert Camus' The
Stranger, Meursault believes that life is meaningless in the face of death; it Is assured that every human will die, so the choices we make in this
lifetime have little relevance or meaning. This theory that "one life was as good as another" (Camus, 22) governs much of this novel. The first lines
introduce the passing of Meursault's mother, immediately informing the reader of the apathy he shows where most people would react with grief and
reflect on the sadness of the situation, Meursault reacts indifferently with "That doesn't mean anything" (Camus, 1). This is not a direct reflection

The Emotional And Physical Burdens During The Vietnam War
Jimmy Cross: the Emotional and Physical Burdens in the Vietnam War
War has fascinated since the beginning of time for what they reveal about the human condition in its worst squalor as in its greatness. "Maybe Vietnam
is best seen through a shattered helicopter windshield. "Chickenhawk" is one bloody, painfully honest, and courageous book", recognizes Martin Cruz
Smith. "Chickenhawk" is Robert Mason's narrative of personal experience which deals chronologically with his training in Vietnam. Through this
description of war, Mason distinguishes the physical part of war and the psychological phase. He also demonstrates that the expressive aspect controls
the physical. Consequently, this indication has remained intact. Tim O'Brien in his fictional story "The Things They Carried," voices the idea that the
psychological burdens overshadow the physical pain that the soldiers must carry: "They carried all the emotional baggage of men who might die.
Grief, terror, love, longing––these were intangibles, but the intangibles had their own mass and specific gravity, they had tangible weight" (O'Brien
926). O'Brien claims that horror, longing, responsibility, and uncertainty that the soldiers experience outweigh the physical agony that they must resist
to survive, loads that are lightened only a little by the willing to return home.
The weight of mental burden that probably weighs the most on the hearts of the men is fear. In the forest of Vietnam, young soldiers are forced to carry

Identity Formation In Invisible Man And The Unbearable...
Forming identity is a life–long endeavor for most people. In childhood, the act is involved mostly with family and school friends. As a person matures
to adulthood, more external factors influence identities such as social status and position, education, employment and love relationships. In Ralph
Ellison's Invisible Man and Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness of Being, the reader will find that the two most influential aspects of identity
formation are societal definitions of a person's race and how one defines themselves through intimate love relationships. A person engaged in identity
formation under either of these circumstances could result in either a positive experience that builds confidence, self–esteem, and self–love, or it can
completely destroy the person's psyche or permanently separate her or him ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Invisible Man is defined by his race with the end result being that he is a fragmented human affiliated with no–one; he in effect becomes invisible
to himself as he has been to every other character he engages with in the book. Tereza, the wife of Tomas, ends up solidifying herself apart from
her husband after she undergoes a breakdown that nearly drives her to suicide. A person race is one of the first ways that people learn who they
are and where they fit into society. Obviously in America, we have an issue with race, so it is not surprising that an African American would have
difficulty developing a sense of self that is whole and inclusive of what it means to be an American. Ellison's text tells the story of a young black
man who is essentially a pawn for powerful people. He is first manipulated into a physical fight with young black youth in order to win a scholarship
to college. That he wins is supposed to add characteristics of strength and bravery to his personality

Life In Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness Of Being
In "The Unbearable Lightness of Being", Milan Kundera informs readers that without the ability to compare our lives to others, we cannot find
meaning in our lives, but remain between life's lightness and heaviness. He does this by illustrating the relationships between four characters:
Tomas, Tereza, Sabina, and Franz. The novel begins in the year 1968 with Tomas, who is a brilliant surgeon from Prague and a perpetual bachelor.
In a small town cafe, he fortuitously met Tereza, who was his waitress; to Tereza, the moment was magical because one of her favorite
compositions by Beethoven was playing on the radio and that he enjoyed literature. Tereza evidently followed Tomas to Prague with her life
packed within a suitcase and she intended to offer her life to him. The two started living with each other, but Tomas was "incapable" of
terminating his bachelor lifestyle full of mistresses. He tried to hide his infidelity, but Tereza found a letter from one of his mistresses, Sabina.
She wrote to Tomas saying, "I want to make love to you in my studio. It will be like a stage surrounded by people. The audience won't be allowed
up close, but they won't be able to take their eyes off us." (Pg. 16). Tomas confessed and told her that these sexual acts were separate from his love
for her. This information marred Tereza's mind; she starting having horrendous nightmares and began contemplating suicide. He then married her, to
relieve her of her distress. Yet he still kept his mistresses. Eventually Sabina and Tereza become close friends, but Tereza's jealousy still remained
the same. Sabina, Tereza, and Tomas fled to Switzerland due to the Soviet Union inhabiting Czechoslovakia. Tereza left behind her career as a
photographer, became unemployed, and had to sit home alone as Tomas continued his affairs. She then began to believe, "when the strong were too
weak to hurt the weak, the weak have to be strong enough to leave. (Pg. 75). Then, she returned back to Prague. Tomas was enjoying his liberation
for a few days, but he gave up and left for Prague. This evidently meant that the couple gave up their freedom because there was no chance that the
couple would be allowed to leave again due to the Communist regime. In

Analysis Of Black Sun By Julia Kristeva
"For those wracked by melancholia, writing about it would have meaning only if writing sprang out of that very melancholia." Julia Kristeva's Black
Sun: Depression and Melancholia explores the melancholic subject within Freud's psychoanalytical framework. It is a well–observed symptom of
depression that language dies and that the ultimate result of life–threatening depression is total silence. The melancholic subject's problem is simply an
inability to speak in a meaningful way. Kristeva argues that a person afflicted with melancholia is incapable of talking about their illness, especially in
terms of her post–Freudian psychoanalytic practice. Unlike traditional feminists who always query, deny, even criticizeSigmund Freud's psychoanalytic
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the first dimension, according to the traditional psychoanalytic theory, "Depression, like mourning, conceals an aggressiveness toward the lost
object, thus revealing the ambivalence of the depressed person with respect to the object of mourning" (185). I love the lost object but I also hate
it. In order not to lose the object I love, I imbed it in myself. I hate the object, so I hate myself. Because I have imbedded the object in myself, I will
kill myself. So in this case, depression works as "The complaint against oneself is a hatred for the other, which is without doubt the substratum of an
unsuspected sexual desire" (186). In my own interpretation, the subject is ambiguous. The subject is depressed because he/she yearns for an
unrequited love for the lost object desperately. But unfortunately his/her desire can't be realized, the subject becomes angry and determines to commit
suicide. But I don't know why the subject chooses to imbed the lost object he/she loves in the body. Does it mean that people can't kill the lost object
but he/she can kill him/herself? It is illegal to kill the lost object. In the second dimension in the narcissistic depressed persons' case, "Sadness is a
substitute object they become attached to, an object they tame and cherish for lack of another" (187). In my own interpretation, as far as the
narcissistic depressed persons are

Sabina Essay
Introduction Identity is built. Meaning must be forged, not found, when a person takes that first step onto their path of self–discovery. However, while
traveling this path, one rarely arises unscathed. They are left with scars, a documentation of their struggles, mistakes, and their pain. In literature,
authors use these scars to trace along the nerve ending and uncover what is, the history that has not only built, but also forged meaning into their identity
. Nevertheless, there is no one path to self–discovery, but as each author invents a journey; they are also providing readers with direction in the paths
they themselves must travel. Thus, this paper will examine the different cultural interpretations of ways the endeavors of a character ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through Sabina, one of the major characters in the work, Kundera is able to examine the attraction to and consequences of betrayal. Sabina choses an
aesthetic approach to betrayal, saying that, "beauty is a world betrayed," rejecting the consuming ideology of the communist regime (Kundera 110).
The narrator uses Sabina to combat the Kitsch, which "...excludes everything from its purview which is essentially unacceptable in human existence"
in which he refers to in terms of political ideology (Kundera 248). It is apparent the author "...has a deep fascination with and horror of kitsch, a
concept he returns to again and again throughout his work" and hence uses this motif to drive the characters means for betrayal. Due to the split
politics within The Unbearable Lightness of Being, the text "must be judged in terms of art, and not of its moral, social or political weight" as the
author has created a work that examines the significance of betrayal from a plethora of standpoints (Banville). We see that "sometimes [their] can make
up [their] mind about something without knowing why, in [their] decision process by the power of inertia," this inertia being the pull of betrayal
(Kundera

Analysis Of Milan Kundera's Unbearable Lightness Of Being
In Unbearable Lightness of Being, Milan Kundera uses the contrasting ideas of lightness and weight to signify ones existence. Kundera disagrees with
Frederich Nietzsche's concept of Eternal Return, and believes that instead of one's existence being a recurring event with little to no change in detail
our lives only happen once, meaning every action or decision in a life has a very brief existence.
The novel introduces us with Tomas, who is an extremely 'light' character, with few emotional ties to people, with a enormous need for many
lovers. For him, love and sex are separate entities. He loves Tereza, a single woman, but will sleep with a large amount of other women throughout
his life. The arrival of Tereza then directly signifies a new addition of weight into Tomas' life. She is described as "The two of them got into his car,
which was parked in front of the house, and drove to the station. There he claimed the suitcase (it was large and enormously heavy) and took it and her
home." (Kundera, Milan, and Michael Heim Henry. The Unbearable Lightness of Being. page 9–10) Tereza has packed up what we consider is a large
amount of her belongings, moving her life into Tomas', in a large and enormous and heavy suitcase. This suitcase contains her life, and the act of
Tomas taking it home shows the entrance of Tereza's heaviness into his life. Tereza and Tomas share a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their relationship does not consist of love; an emotion instead shared within other heavier relationships, and instead could be considered as being one
categorized as an 'affair'. This relationship between two 'light' characters seems to run into little conflict, as Tomas and Sabina share the same ideas
about life. Despite what seems like an easy balance, they both move on to pursue 'heavier'

Commentary on Alphonso LingisвЂ™s article, The World as a...
Commentary on Alphonso Lingis's article, "The World as a Whole"
Martin Heidegger's work in Being and Time elucidated a phenomenological ontology in which death and anxiety function as the imminent possibility of
impossibility, circumscribing Dasein and inscribing weight to Dasein's temporal existence. He constructs an individual whose ontological whole is
made of three fundamental elements that function as a whole; understanding, feeling and action. This being, Dasein (translated as Being There), exists
in the world, and Heidegger constructs Dasein's ontology as being–in–the–world. This is the way Alphonso Lingis predicates his understanding of
Heidegerrian phenomenology in an essay from Research in Phenomenology entitled "The World ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Heidegger spoke of Dasein intentionally. He did not want to limit his language to that of Heidegger and speak of just the human, because the
limitations this term would imply. Being and Time is a very complex work, this article does a very good job at tackling Heidegger's project, but it
focuses on a few things. Lingis discusses Dasein as being constitutive of "the world", Dasein is being–in–the–world. Dasein is in the world, and
"dwelling is characterized as care", states Lingis. He shows us how Dasein sees the things in the world as a field of equipment for use, "The
practicable field, a layout of relays, is later characterized as openness. This openness is suspended in the abysses of nothingness, death. " Dasein is
thrown into the world, Heidegger shows us how we are born into a world which we have not constructed, which we cannot control. The Others are
already–there, we encounter them when we encounter their buildings, their constructions, their language. "The common world precedes and makes
possible the perceptual field of any individual. The language, the interpretive system of Das Man precedes and makes possible any singularizing
interpretation of one's own situation. " Dasein is being–in–the–world–with–others. Dasein's function is projection, Dasein is temporal, and as we've
said Dasein has three facets: understanding,

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