Features Of Decision Making In A Political System

Features of Decision Making in a Political System
WHAT FEATURES OF DECISION MAKING IN POLITICAL SYSTEMS INFLUENCE THE PRACTICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS?
INTRODUCTION
The changing role of law and the need to relate with a transforming society and its citizens has led to a demand on decision making in political systems
(Bijsterveld 2010). Due to the variance in the decision making of these systems, interest groups carry out their public affairs (PA) activities in a plethora
of ways (Baumgartner 2007) as features such as type of political system, structure, accountability, dependency on interest groups, etcetera influence PA
practices. This stems from the fact that issues that are significant in one political system might not be as significant in another (Lowery, Poppelaars and
Berkhout ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
PA is however carried out in an unbiased and harmonious way as lobbyists work hand in hand with EU officials (Woll 2006, Mahoney 2008) and
other interest groups, as the EU would rather grant access to a Europeanized voice when addressing issues.
With regards to choice of policies to influence, interest groups in the US are more focused on influencing legislative matters rather than regulatory
policies (Baumgartner 2007, Mahoney 2008) as they seeks to influence the decisions of the congress, the court or the administrative government
(Hansford 2004). The EU is a regulatory regime, therefore, organized interest groups– particularly business interests prefer to lobby regulatory
processes to secure their individual and collective business interests (Levy and Prakash 2003). This is done because regulatory processes affect
businesses and more often than not have policy outcomes (Baumgartner 2007).
The level of dependence on organized civil societies (OCS) is another feature that influences the practice of PA. EU's dependence on OCS arises from
their lack of resources both financial and human, to carry out their activities. The EU commission is highly short– staffed, and in need of OCS to
provide technical information and act as contributory agents (Greenwood 2007). Therefore, OCS play consultative and cooperative roles particularly in
the Commission as
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An Impact Assessment of Science and Technology Policy on...
AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA
BY
ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI
October, 2 0 0 4 ii AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY POLICY ON NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA
BY
ABUBAKAR ABDULLAHI
(MATRICULATION NO. 3081)
A Dissertation Submitted to St. Clements University in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of
Doctor of Philosophy in Management
St. Clements University
October, 2004 iii DECLARATION
I declare that this Dissertation is an output of my own research endeavours.
In pursuant of this research work, concerted efforts were made to duly acknowledge through bibliography, all sources of data and information used.
However, in case of inadvertent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is pertinent to acknowledge with deep sense of appreciation the cooperation received from Directors in the Federal Ministry of Science and
Technology and
Director Generals, Directors and Chief Executive Officers of Research Institutes in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development,
Environment,
Health and Science and Technology who kindly responded and completed the questionnaires used for this study.
To all my esteemed Directors in the Raw Materials Research and Development
Council, Dr. D. B. Ayo, Dr. Ado. K. Abdullahi, Dr. L. E. Nsa, Mr. B. A. Adegbesan,
Prince R. N. Ihenacho and Dr. H. D. Ibrahim, I wish to express my appreciation for their high sense of responsibility, concern and unflinching support

throughout my tenure in the Council and their encouragement and professional advise during this study. To other Management staff, I deeply
appreciate your support.
This study would not have been accomplished without the significant contributions of my Academic Adviser, Professor David Iornem who inspired
and encouraged me even when I expressed doubt of my ability to complete the study due to my busy schedule.
I also, acknowledged the immense contributions of my Project Supervisor, Dr.
Gabriel U. Moti of University of Abuja who painstakingly read through my work and offered useful suggestions that led to the successful completion
of the study. viii The role played by Mr. K. B. Ajoku cannot be overemphasized. His
immeasurable

Office Of The Secretary Of Transportation
Organization Structure
Office of the Secretary
Leadership of the Department of transportation is provided by the Secretary of Transportation, who is the chief advisor to the president in all matters
relating to federal transportation programs. The secretary is assisted by the Deputy Secretary in this role. This office manages the formulation of
national transportation policy and helps promote intermodal transportation. This office also negotiates and implements international transportation
agreements, assures the fitness of US airlines, issues regulations preventing alcohol and illegal drug misuse in transportation systems and also preparing
transportation legislations.
Director/ Deputy Director
Serves as the Department's Emergency coordinator providing leadership for all Departmental civil transportation intelligence, security policy,
emergency preparedness, response and recovery activities and those of federal transportation's operating and support agencies. They also provide
effective management and direction of the office of intelligence, security and emergency response staff in performance of the pragmatic functional
areas of responsibility.
Intelligence Division
The intelligence Division is accountable for providing all source intelligence products to the Secretary of Transportation and his/her principal staff. It
also ensures that the Department of Administration administrators are acquainted with current developments and long range trends in international
terrorism,

Against Mandatory Attendance Policies in College Essay
Mandatory Attendance Policies
While studying or even registering for a class presents a challenge to some college students, the greatest obstacle remains, going to class. Attending
college is supposed to signify a new found freedom to make many important choices regarding education without high school mandatory attendance
policies. However, students everywhere are coming to the staggering realization that college is not too different from high school. Teachers still take
class roll and students are still expected to be at every class on time. What next, hall monitors in the hall? The time has come for action to be taken.
Colleges must abolish mandatory student attendance policies for several reasons to be further discussed. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The only way that a student will learn self–discipline and accountability is through trial and error using his or her own judgement, not based on policy.
Secondly, the majority of the students that do not attend class are usually the one's that should not attend class. These students tend to be disruptive
and tardy distracting the students that actually want to further their education. If this policy stays in effect, it will continue to place students with little or
no academic motivation in the same learning environment as those striving to achieve their highest potential. This is detrimental to everyone involved
in the education process because it slows down the pace of progression. By allowing students to miss class, the student–teacher ratio will be more
favorable and teachers will have fewer distractions. Finally, a college student is a consumer with a demand for a product, an education. The teachers
are the producers. Who wants to pay thousands of dollars for something, and then be regulated on when, how, and where to get it? Nobody. Which is
probably why Texas Tech has a freshman dropout rate of 21% for the Fall 1999 semester according to Roger Terry, an author of the "Fall 1999
Retention Summary" produced by the Texas Tech Institutional Research department. According to Mr. Terry, this dropout rate is one of the highest in
the Big 12 Conference and is a problem over–looked by many school officials. It is true that in a job situation the

Plest Analysis for Tesco's and Water Aid Essay example
PLEST analysis for Tesco's And Water AID
PLEST is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the impact political, economic, social, and technological, Legal and Environment factors might have
on a project. It involves an organisation considering the external environment before starting a project.
The PEST analysis is an important part of the project planning process:
Political factors include areas such as tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restrictions and tariffs and political stability.
Economic factors are economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and inflation rate.
Social factors often look at the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
One of the most influential factors on the economy is high unemployment levels, which decreases the effective demand for many goods, adversely
affecting the demand required to produce such goods. In a charity this can reduce the amount of donors and volunteers.
TAXATION
TAXATION– has a big effect on businesses:
There are two basic types of tax:
1.DIRECT TAXES: these are taken directly from people's wage packet– P.A.Y.E.
2.INDIRECT TAXES: these are placed on spending e.g. Value Added Tax (17.5%)
Increased taxes are bad for Tesco and water aid because:
People have less money to spend on their products – their disposable income has fallen
they will have to pay higher taxes on their profits
INTEREST RATES
This is

Developing a Performance Appraisal System
raisal System
HSM/220
January 9, 2011
Dr. Karen Beard
Development of a performance appraisal system that is effective in a human service organization is of benefit for the organization and the employees.
For a performance appraisal system to be effective, the system has to be strategic, designed to fit the specific needs of the organization,
non–discriminatory, non–bias, with correct implementation and administration. Many different components, must to be incorporated to make this type
of system beneficial for all who use it, and all who are evaluated by the system.
The purpose of a performance appraisal system is to receive accurate assessments ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[ (Allen & Rosenburg, 1981) ].
For each element needed for an effective performance appraisal system, have criteria to ensure its proper function. The element of overall policy, the
criteria that should be present is clear measurable performance criteria, clearly stated and defined performance goals and objectives, information for the
application and operation of the system, procedures to address employee performances, and information that identifies those covered by this system.
The overall policy must meet regulatory requirements of the state, county, city, or federal laws. According to [5 CFR 430.209(a)]), Agency must also
obtain approval prior to implementing changes that modify any element of the system subject to regulatory requirements.
Criteria for performance appraisals is an appraisal free of bias, documented results on file, strategies implemented by development of performance
measures, feedback, and information for an employee to maximize their performance. Rating factors, effectiveness, and results used to either terminate
employees or identify those with potential for advancement.
Criteria for communication are an open door policy between subordinates and supervisors, in a confidential area. Feedback is a form of
communication from supervisors to employees, and the ability to be able to openly discuss performance and address any issues.
Criteria for face–to–face,

Policy And Procedure Analysis Assignment
Policy and Procedure Analysis Assignment Policy and procedure make an organization have a framework of how to operate and meet its goal.
Policies are principles, rules and guidelines adopted by an organization to reach its long term goals (business dictionary). Sullivan (2013) states that
policies are decisions that govern action and determine an organization's relationship, activities and goals. They help make sure that plans and ideas of
the organization are being followed and do achieve the set goals. One policy in my health care facility that needs updating is the attendance policy. This
is because the current policy does not hold the employees accountable when they call in. which make employees to call in most of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
First I have to discuss my points and ideas with her and have the necessary information needed to show her that the current policy does not work
very well in our organization. Then she human resources have to be involved, after they reviewed my information then all information will be sent
to cooperate for more review and approval if necessary. How to implement and evaluate change Once my recommendations are accepted by the
administrator and human recourses and we get approval from the corporate office. Cooperate will create a new handbook that details new policy and
procedure. I would then recommend we hold an in service to discuss the changes that would be coming. This meeting would include all employees at
the center including full time and part time employees. The new policy and procedure would be discussed in detail and each employee would be
required to sign a document that states that he or she has received the new policy and understands what is required. I will preferred to evaluate my
intervention quarterly based on the quality of care improvement, patients outcomes and employees

Attendance Policy for Colleges in the South Essay
There has been on many occasions in the past im sure in everyones life that because someone was late or they weren't able to get to where they
were supposed to be that it affected the ability for them to do what they needed in a satisfactory way. This topic of being on time and present is very
interesting in the fact that it affects so many people and how they get things done. Everyone knows that when people don't show up and are not
present that they don't always get the whole picture or any of it at all to be honest. Coming to class is not a very high thing on the to do list for most
college students so why do they do it, because they know that it is vital to their success in the class. I think that just like high school we should have ...
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Having a strict rule like this will definitely show the student why class is so important. Students who miss or skip out on class actually miss more
than they think like for example one day the teacher might go over the next test or maybe just sit there for an hour you never know that why its so
important to go to class. Parents would most likely agree because they're the ones paying for most if not all of their schooling and believe that students
should be punished for not going to class.
A good argument that still has flaws is that students pay for school therefore they should be able to come and go as they please if they don't want to
go to class then they don't have to. Yes this does sound good in theory and is probably what most people think but why should they or anyone
really have that attitude why not strive for the best in all of us and try to make it to class. The school has the power to do this and make it to where
the rules i talked about earlier can be enforced and really make a difference academically for most students. Bringing in this policy would make
teachers happier as well and maybe even work for less who knows which would save the college money. Having a greater rate of students doing
better overall because they can actually focus in class would make the school better as a whole and make the educational mission of the college that
much close of a

How The School Operated With Its Attendance Policy
"Fine," I said, still talking through my clenched teeth. I then got down out of the cab reluctantly. The very next morning I had walked to school
accompanied by the black cat that I had affectingly started calling Midnight. (She was the one that had eaten the can of tuna on my back porch. And
she was also the one that had followed me through the forest after I had met Savannah.) When we had reached the school grounds, Midnight circled
around me purring up against my legs so I bent down picking her up. As I nestled her soft fur against my face I gave her a snuggling hug and wished
silently to myself that I could spend the rest of the day with her instead of dealing with the bitches and Mr. McLaren's gay ass. Then, after ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
I had figured my plan should work well enough to buy me at least one day off from school, and at the very least allow me to find out how they
operated attendance, which could then buy me a few more days off as the semester progressed but only if I played my cards right. But for now, it
was off to Hell I went. Inside, I had made it through Mr. McLaren's exciting world of physics without being called on to answer any questions and
with only limited dirty looks from Keri Mahan. But what was funny was, when I had taken my usual seat near the window, the kids in the class
that had sat near me the last couple of days didn't seem to want to be around me anymore, revealed by the unoccupied seats that surrounded me.
For the past two days I had been under the impression that it was just going to be Keri in physics class that treated me like I was some kind of
backwoods serial killer. But today, it had seemed like everyone in the room had taken their cues from her and collectively all of them seemed to give
me the cold shoulder. Just what I needed a whole room full of Keri Mahans, I thought. The rest of my classes leading up to lunch seemed to go about
the same way. But, at least, at lunch I already knew I would be sitting

Essay about Advocacy for Diverse Clientele
Advocacy for Diverse ClienteleName Capella University Advocacy for Diverse ClienteleOne of the populations that has a lot of culturally diverse
individuals is the military and veterans. In veterans there is a lot of cultural diversity with individuals ranging in backgrounds from all over including
African–American, Asian–American, Hispanic–American, and Caucasian–Americans. Veterans suffer from a wide range of mental illnesses including
depression, PTSD, anxiety, suicide, and substance abuse. PTSD is one of the most common mental health problems that veterans face after returning
from war. According to Loo (1994), individuals that are ethnic minority veterans tend to have higher rates of PTSD than white veteran counterparts.
PTSD can... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In using on method structured interviews of influential people in the public and private sectors are conducted (Blair, 2007). In this method the
interviews are head with policy makers which allows insight to where the policy makers are at on the issue, assessment of political outcome, and
assessing how well advocacy messages have done (Blair, 2007). This method allows for advocacy by providing a look at what policy makers are
thinking, where their votes might light, and how well the previous methods of advocacy have worked. It allows advocates to see where changes can
be made and why the might need to be made.
National Public Polices
According to Government Affairs: Current Issues (2014), legislation was passed in 2006 which allowed for qualified mental health counselors to
work as mental health clinicians in order to take jobs in the VA and help veterans with the issues they deal with. The main advocate for the inclusion
of qualified counselors came from the National Board for Certified Counselors that advocated for years and directly influenced the 2006 legislation
("Mental Health Matters" in advocacy, 2004). This allows counselors that are trained to deal with issues of mental health such as PTSD to get jobs and
help veterans with their mental health. The passing of this legislation allowed counselors that were qualified and licensed to gain employment with the
VA and thus having access to the

Aarp
Austin Braham
The American Association of Retired Persons is a powerful special interest group that protects the interests of retirees across the US by lobbying
politicians to pass legislation in the organization's favor. Inside you will find detailed information outlining AARP's mission, purpose, and scope.
Austin Braham
The American Association of Retired Persons is a powerful special interest group that protects the interests of retirees across the US bylobbying
politicians to pass legislation in the organization's favor. Inside you will find detailed information outlining AARP's mission, purpose, and scope.
Politicians are elected in part on the basis of the issues by which they stand, and these issues are either held up or ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Distribution of articles and journals allow AARP to increase its influence on American voters. There's a contract with AOL offering members a
ten–percent discount which is advertised through AOL Software and is distributed to millions throughout the United States. This practice allows AARP
to contact more voters and members than in previous years. All practice enable the AARP to influence decisions of voters, which in turn affect thepolicy
making process in their favor. Sponsoring political debates is another strategy used which enables the AARP to convey their message in the form of
advertising during commercial breaks in the debate. Most of the AARP's influence is conveyed through approximately twenty–second advertisement
spots, which sum up the organization's beliefs. In order for the AARP to achieve its political goals, it is vital that they are able to influence public
opinion. The primary way the group goes about this is by producing and airing major television programs that focus on issues such as federal tax
reform and social security. Without the media, the AARP would have far less impact on political decision
–making. Recently, the AARP has come under
scrutiny of the United States Senate, led by Senator Alan K. Simpson, a republican from Wyoming. The senator questions the AARP's status as a
non–profit organization benefited by a tax exemption and unlimited lobbying privileges. In addition,

Diverse Personal Encounters With Non State Armed Actors
Diverse personal encounters with non–state armed actors animate my research agenda, and I seek to discern the meaning of a picture formed by
pieces of a puzzle collected during my years of military service. As a peacekeeper in Kosovo, I witnessed how a random rifle shot could spark a
series of reprisals across invisible lines that separated villages. My soldiers and I were almost powerless to stop them. On one hand, our legal mandate
prevented our ability to take direct action. One the other, we understood so little about our adversaries we did not fully know which action to take.
Subsequent experiences leading soldiers during counterinsurgency efforts in both Iraq and Afghanistan immersed me again in the turmoil created by
overlapping networks of non–state armed groups competing for economic, social, and political power. Each incident revealed another piece of the
puzzle, but the picture it formed remained unclear. I started to wonder if the pieces actually fit, or if I was putting them together incorrectly. I
intuitively sensed the ascendant role of non–state–armed actors in Kosovo. However, my experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan crystalized in me the
desire to explore the broader political and social ramifications of the rising influence of non–state armed groups. I began to ponder the strategic impact
of their decisions and actions on the long–term evolution of political institutions. What are the consequences when local political elites try to incorporate

Follow Workplace Policies
How many policies do you have to follow in your workplace? Most likely you have to follow several. Some you may agree or disagree with. In
todays, workforce workplace policies are constantly changing in order to fit the needs of the company and its employees. Workplace policies are
designed to establish guidelines for an employee's behavior and ways to make the company more productive. Some companies have unions and these
unions may be involved with the action of these polices. The Unions act as a voice and will speak for the employees' rights. Therefore; employees can
find ways to help them with policy challenges. Workplace policies are helpful to workers; however, unions and other learned skills may help
employees. It is vital to an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To most employees it may seem harmless to tell another co–worker if they have knowledge of a co–workers personal life. May be the other worker
asked "why is Paul always missing work?" and the other employee states "because I think Paul has hepatitis c." This message tells a personal health
information and it is also an assumption. It could become damaging to Paul if it is not true. It also shows to the employee's supervisor the
employee's lack of integrity. However, if the employee handles the discussion correctly, he can avoid this unethical behavior. If an employee applies
a win win theory, he will not expense or exclude another person. They employee will show compassion when speaking of his peers (Covey). When a
person follows all workplace policies they can expect

Truman State University Student Attendance Policies
I have been informed of a new attendance policy that is in consideration for Truman State University. It involves a three absence allowance for each
class per term, followed by a suspension after the subsequent absence. If a student is to incur a fourth absence, the only action of appeal is provided by
a documentation of an illness, death in the family, or jury duty. I find this policy fairly problematic, as there are many key issues involved. The main
issue to take into account is the brash generalization that students should abide the same strict attendance policies when most situations are
circumstantial. Furthermore, if a student is paying for their education at the university, it should be there responsibility to take initiative of their
learning, and not the responsibility of the teacher. Going to a university does not only build you skillset, but also fosters independence, that will only
be hindered by strict ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is very fair for a school to discourage poor attendance, which is why this idea is not completely radical. It is well proven that class attendance
significantly increases a student's likelihood to succeed. In fact, the University of Minnesota at Mankato wrote an article on their school website
concerning student performance in relation to attendance, and it was statistically significant that attendance explained the overall performance of
students. Students who frequently missed class almost always increased their odds of a poor grade in a given course ("Class Attendance"). From this
evidence, we can see that class attendance is very important in order for students to better succeed. The real question, however, is the means of
establishing high attendance. While establishing a strict 3 class absence policy may ensure attendance in the eyes of some administrators at Truman,
this is not necessarily the case –or most effective one at

The Islamic State 's Online Onslaught Essay
Today we live in an era where multitudes of information are at our fingertips. While the majority of this information is useful, there is also harmful
material online. Many people within our government and policy makers have dreaded the day that terrorist will use the internet to their advantage.
Unfortunately, that day is upon us. The Islamic State terrorists are releasing propaganda videos, using chats rooms to recruit followers, and asking
people to answer their radical interpretation of Islam, in which they attack the United States from within the borders. The Islamic State are using the
internet and social media to their advantage, reaching millions of people. While some individuals just view this content, others answer this call and
carry out attacks on our homeland. President Johnson, you should implement the recommend policy censorship of Islamic State material via online, to
include chat rooms, websites, and social media profiles in support of this group. With this new strategy, this will counter the efforts of the Islamic
State's online onslaught. This will aid in the current situation, but also any future issues with terrorist organizations as well. Within this directive will
have to answer the following:
Express indisputable justification for content–based measures.
Determine when the U.S. government would request a company to implement
Aid social media companies in using content–based measures against terrorist and extremist communications
Consequences

Environmental Analysis: Pestle Analysis Of Hollisterco
KAPLAN HIGHER EDUCATION
Environmental Analysis
Lim Siyu
CT0215127
Introduction
In this report, it consists of Pestle Analysis and Porter's Five Forces. Pestle Analysis will be conducted to determine on whether it is an attractive
environment for HollisterCo to step into the Singapore's Industry. Porter's Five Forces is used to zoom into the clothing retail industry to find out
whether or not is attractive enough to set up HollisterCo.
HollisterCo is a beach themed clothing company. It was founded in 1922 by Mike Jeffries where back then it was still not a well–known company
until the founder of Abercrombie and Fitch takes over it. It offers a wide range of apparel and accessories for men and women which includes logo
tees, graphic shirts, tanks, bottom wear and even sleepwear. It also provides colognes, perfume, gloss products, body care products as well as gift
cards. ("Short Title", 2014). Hollister has 51 outlets in 19 different counties. Hollister also enable buyers from other countries to purchase their products
through their online store. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also easy for many other companies to set up headquarter in Singapore as their starting point in Asia to make it possible to reach to its market
point. In addition, Singapore is unique in different lifestyles and culture. It is also known for its capability of attracting sizable foreign investment,
pro–business environment and entrepreneurs. Singapore focuses more on a knowledge based economy which can be seen in its education sysem.
Furthermore, Singapore is located in the heart of Asia and it plays an important role in international

Well Care Health Care Systems Administration
Well Care Health Care Systems Administration
Martha L. Johnson
Strayer University
Professor: Anna Marie Miller
Abstract
This paper explores the importance of professionalism, ethical standards, professional conduct, and the importance of each in the health care system.
These roles can have a positive or negative effect, or become determining factors for patients or individuals when choosing a health care facility. As the
top administration of Well Care Hospital, it is my duty and role to ensure all staff members are conducting themselves in a professional and ethical
manner, and following policy and procedures regarding patient's and their medical information. The ramification or consequences I will implement if
employees ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Duty of the Health Administrator is to make ethical and challenging decisions in order to help all staff members and parties involved. According to the
article," Ethics and the Image of the Healthcare Administrator in Popular Culture" Health care Administrators in some ways their actions can be more
ethically impactful than those of physicians, as their decisions typically affect a broad population rather than a single patient at a time (Jones and
Bartlett Publishers; pg.11:2011) For example, If a patient sues a hospital for medical negligence due to a physicians medical error, not only does the
Health Administrator has to investigate the incident and try to find a feasible solution, he or she has to hold all parties involved accountable, while
ensuring his or her decision is fair and ethically correct, because his or her decision will weigh heavily on the outcome of the negligence case.
"Healthcare administrators need to make decisions that are not only fiscally sound but ethically sound as well with the prime stakeholders affected by
their actions in mind"(Jones and Barlett Publishers; pg.11:2011). For Instance, if a Health Care Administrator wrongfully terminates an employee, the
employee may take legal actions and this could cost the hospital and stakeholders a substantial amount of money and tarnish the hospitals reputation.
Unlike, most roles in

Level 3 Tda 3.4 Promote Children and Young People's...
TDA 3.4 – Promote children and young people's positive behaviour
1Understand policies and procedures for promoting children and young people's positive behaviour
1.1Policies and procedures of the setting relevant to promoting children and young people's positive behaviour We take great pride in our school in
promoting positive behaviour. This is reflected in many of our policies which are in place. Listed below is a brief summary of some of the policies and
procedures in place:
в—Џbehaviour policy – in order for effective learning to take place, good behaviour in all aspects of school life is necessary. By adhering to this policy
we aim to recognise and promote positive behaviour and in doing so will help to promote self–esteem, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is intended to assist staff in respect of the complex issues that may arise with child protection by drawing attention to the areas of risk for staff and
by offering guidance on prudent conduct.
In all circumstances, employees' professional judgement will be exercised and for the vast majority of employees this Code of Conduct will serve only
to confirm what has always been their practice. If employees have any doubts about points in this Code of Conduct, or how they should act in particular
circumstances, they would consult with the Headteacher.
It is important that all agree to the principles it contains in order for the school to function successfully as a partnership between parents, staff and pupils.
в—Џrewards and sanctions – we aim to create a healthy balance between rewards and sanctions with both being clearly specified. By implementing
these we aim for pupils to learn to expect fair and consistently applied sanctions for inappropriate behaviour and to ensure we retain a safe and positive
learning environment.
Integral to the system of rewards is an emphasis on praise both informal and formal to individuals and groups. Positive recognition is the cornerstone of
the school's behaviour policy.
Rewards and praise will be given wherever possible for both work and behaviour to encourage a positive attitude to learning.
The school employs a number of sanctions to enforce school rules and to

CU2939 вЂ“ Develop Health and Safety and risk Management...
CU2939 – Develop Health and Safety and risk Management Policies, Procedures and Practices in Health and Social Care or Children and Young
People Settings.
The basis of the British Health and Safety Law is The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. This act sets out duties which employers have towards
employees and members of the public e.g. volunteers, students, visitors, other professionals etc. This also sets out duties for employees to have
towards each other. This setting believes that the health and safety of the children is paramount. We aim to make sure the setting is safe for children,
parents, employees and visitors. We aim to make children, staff and parents aware of health and safety policies and to minimize hazards and risks, so ...
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But is a significant accident they have to be updated immediately. . Risk assessments are carried out regularly including, room/environment checks,
signing in and out sheets, opening and closing checks, and equipment checks. These checks are signed and dated in the morning. Our induction
training (4,8,12 week reviews) for all staff includes a clear explanation of health and safety issues so that all adults are able to adhere to our policies
and procedures, and that they understand their shared responsibly to health and safety. The induction training covers matters of employee well–being,
including safe lifting and the storage of potentially dangerous substances. Records of all induction trainings (4,8,12 week reviews) are kept and all
staff are asked to sign these once they have completed them, along with a managers signature and the date of review. During the 12 weeks the staff
must read all policies and procedures/risk assessments and sign and date them when they have read them. Health and safety policies are read out to
the parent during their child's induction week. This is so the parents can get a clearer view of how we, as a setting deal with health and safety and
ways in which we do so. The parents are asked to sign a register once they have read through these policies and then this is stored in the children case
note file. All staff are expected to go on health and safety training and Health and

Charter
Project Charter Model Sample
Here is a sample project charter to get you started. This project charter was created for the corporate employee recognition framework.
Project Charter
|1.0 Project Identification |
|Name |Employee Recognition Framework |
|Description |Design, develop and implement the employee recognition framework |
|Sponsor | ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ce |
|Element of the Public Service Commission's Business Plan for 2006/2007 |
|Complements and builds upon existing departmental recognition activities |
|Complements corporate human resource values |
|Element of performance management |
|3.0 Project OBJECTIVES (purpose) |
|Overall, to create a workplace culture that includes regular recognition and feedback |
|To recognize employees for their high–quality service and commitment to public service |
|To reinforce linkages between employee performance and department business goals to achieve corporate goals |
|To develop tools, guidelines and support for departments to assist with departmental recognition

Implementing Health Care Reform For A State With High...
California rose to the challenge of implementing health care reform in a state with high needs and limited funds by expanding its Medicaid program
(Medi–Cal) and establishing its own marketplace (Covered California). As a result, by June 2014 California 's uninsured rate had dropped from 22%
to 11%. However, thoughtful examination of the rollout process reveals avoidable bumps in the road that, if corrected, could , have provided a better
enrollment experience and thus better access to coverage for our most vulnerable populations. In order to assess California 's success in widening the
doorway to Medicaid coverage this report reviews policy decisions that shaped efforts in reaching out to, enrolling, and retaining eligible low–income
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Those successes and barriers identified by at least three of the six participating organizations were selected as key successes and barriers.
Outreach: Key informants identified the outreach and education work of community–based organizations as an area of success in California's efforts to
usher eligible consumers to the Medi–Cal doorway. The outreach barriers identified included investments in funding outreach work, DHCS and
Covered California communication with consumers, and the limited availability of enrollment data throughout during the first year of the expansion.
Enrollment: Medi–Cal enrollment figures far surpassed the 1.2 million predictions. By October 30, 2014 2.7 million new residents were enrolled in
Medi–Cal. Key informants unanimously identified this as a success and identified several enrollment policies and the in–person assistance doorway as
important contributors to that outcome. Barriers included the availability of data, DHCS and Covered California communication with consumers,
technology challenges, policy and protocol adherence, and staff training across service channels.
Retention: Key informants agreed that delaying the annual

Analyzation of Attendance Policy in Higher Education Essay
Various universities and individual faculty members frequently differ in terms of attendance policy. The frequent absence of explicit university wide
policy enables instructors to implement a wide range of attendance requirements and subsequent penalties for absences. Even professors with a lax
attendance policy encourage regular class attendance, deeming it a critical element of student success. The classroom has traditionally played a central
role in educational institutions. Relentless innovation in the field of information technology has significantly reduced the importance of the physical
classroom in the modern education environment. Most educators have embraced the newly available technology but remain steadfast in their loyalty to
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students in there freshmen year are a large part of the excessively absent trouble area, on average 33% of first year student are typically absent from
class. Absenteeism is not limited to the young; reports claim that absenteeism from an average class in a small school is 25%. On a similarly typical
day a medium sized school would experience a 34% average, while a large institutions reports a shocking 40 % average (Romer 168). Excessive
absenteeism has been reported in connection with particular classes. The most obvious of which are large first year introduction courses as their
patrons were the leading absentee student group. Interestingly the absenteeism was most pronounced in courses dealing with the natural sciences
(Friedman, Rodriguez, and McComb 124).
Students may choose to miss class for a variety of reasons, both legitimate and otherwise. In regards to first year students an emerging pattern may be
key in explaining their excessive levels of absence. Along with the traditional challenges of freshmen year, recently admitted freshmen do not view
attendance and effort as integral for academic success. Their warped point of view stems from their undemanding high school experience, one that left
them utterly unprepared for the rigors of higher education. The recently entering freshmen class on average spent less time studying while achieving
higher grades then any previous class. Recently entering freshmen are not an isolated group; they represent the

Training Package
Name: Ajiboye Olusegun Olalekan
Code: MMP 701
Email: segunajiboye07@yahoo.com
DHS Employee Training Plan
State Of Employee Training in DHS
Adoption and implementation of the Training Plan will assure the alignment of training resources with DHS program needs and administrative priorities.
Enterprise–wide training needs will be identified on an on–going basis and resources allocated to those with the highest priority. Divisions will
continue to have responsibility to identify and address program–specific training needs and will retain their training budgets.
DHS will have a shared training delivery system that includes a learning management system, distance–learning resources, other delivery
methodologies, standards for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
DHS Training & Development is responsible for hiring a Project Manager to lead the various Learning Teams, provideproject management,
contract administration, as necessary to develop Management Development curriculum. The following represents the Management Training
recommendations from the
DHS Training Plan Steering Committee:
1. Use Workforce Management Steering Committee (WFMSC) decisions for:
Training content/topic areas
An over–arching value for DHS

Company Objectives
I. Objectives of the following Companies and Organizations
BPI
1. To contribute towards the uplift of the quality of Philippine education in identified areas in need of development;
2. To support programs that provide opportunities for expansion of microenterprises and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), generation of
employment and livelihood opportunities;
3. To catalyze programs for the delivery of basic social services in its communities; and
4. To contribute towards the renewal and enhancement of societal values.
DOLE
1. To gain a better understanding of the immediate and long–lasting labour market impact of the global economic crisis in the Philippines
2. To review the policy responses given so far and learn lessons as it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most importantly, have fun when doing it. If you enjoy one thing more, you can learn more easily. Just believe in yourself and anything can happen.
III. Business Proposal A. COMPANY OBJECTIVES
1. Satisfying customers (meeting customer needs)
2. Running the business (organising resources in the most efficient and effective way)
3. Beating the competition (strategies and tactics to gain competitive advantage)
4. Achieving corporate objectives
B. PROGRAMS

Workplace wellness programs focus on healthy lifestyle choices and prevention of disease and injury. Wellness programs are often offered in
partnership with health insurance companies. Companies may contract with businesses that specialize in designing, implementing and operating
wellness programs. Employees may choose to participate, but companies usually offer incentives for participation. Companies seek to create a wellness
culture through activities, events and online components that encourage employees to track their participation and success.
C. ACTIVITIES
Marketing
Companies need to promote and advertise their products and services to build awareness and generate sales. A retail store could advertise in the local
papers or on other media platforms. A bakery could invite the local food critic to sample some of its offerings or even to an opening. A management
consultant or a tax accountant could coordinate introductory training sessions for small businesses at the

A Research Study On Pennypure Labs Essay
PennyPure Labs is a highly renowned organization, which has enjoyed a high degree of success due to it advancements in the research and
development of new and improved antibiotics. However, currently it is suffering from organizational behavioral issues at the hands of a highly
qualified manager, who is having difficulty in adapting to his new role, culturally and emotionally. He is disengaged from three of his employees, who
have attained tremendous success at the company, but are not being given the responsibility they deserve due to favoritism and preference shown by
their manager towards his fellow native employees. There have also been complaints of unfair and unethical policies, job dissatisfaction, verbal
communication issues between the manager and the concerned employees, and non–responsive behavior shown by management towards the scientists
requirements. As a result the organization is seeking an action plan in order to resolve the various quarrels, as they would like to resolve the disputes
internally and not have the employees seek external mediation.
Issue Identification:
Firstly, let's examine the positives of the organization; it is a well–established institution, primarily research focused, and based in Mid America, a not
so affluent part of the country. It encompasses around 200 employees and several labs. Dr. Tsing, was hired to run Lab 2A one of the most important
labs in the facility, primarily due to his international expertise in the field and

College Athletes Should Not Be Exempt from Regular Class...
Many college athletes miss classes because of practice, competition and from exhaustion.
For those reasons, supporters argue for exemption of athletes from class attendance policies.
Others argue that college athletes are given scholarships to attend college to play sports. On the contrary, the focus of colleges is educating students.
The question is, should colleges athletes be exempt from the class attendance requirements? The answer is no and here is why. First, theeducation of
athletes takes priority over recreational activities. Second, it is unfair for athletes to receive preferential treatment. Third, exempting athletes from the
policies does not allow them to develop time management skills. For these reasons the college ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After all, athletes are not born they train hard to get their skills and do remarkably on the court. The philosophy here is athletes must work equally hard
in the classroom. (Emma) stated in "A College Perspective on Academic and the Student Athlete."
Coach & Athletic Director "As more eyes open to the athlete's challenges and struggles, more ideas and strategies will emerge to help them succeed not
only in–between the lines of the playing field or court, but in the lecture halls, science labs, and classrooms as well." Thus, education is a key element
that produces academic achievers, tomorrow's leaders and balance adults. Given these points, the student athletes must recognize the importance class
attendance.
For the longest time it has been known that student athletes often miss classes. Moreover, athlete miss classes to attend practice, take part in
competition and from exhaustion. Also, some athletes are going to leave college early and enter professional sport. Consequently, they skip classes
and slide through college. Of course, colleges with attendance policies requires students to attend classes a certain amount of time and so should the
athletes. Whenever athletes miss classes their academic performance is usually affected. As a matter of fact, it is difficult for them to keep up the
grades required for them to keep the scholarship reward and stay on the team. By the same token, exempting

Summarise The Polices And Procedures Of The Setting Relevant
Summarise the polices and procedures of the setting relevant to promoting children and young peoples positive behaviour. All adults who work within
in a school environment have a responsibility to themselves and the school to model a high standard of behaviour, both in their dealings with the
children and with every other adult within the school as their example of behaviour has a significant influence on the children's behaviour. Good,
strong teamwork between adults will encourage good behaviour in children. All staff must be effectively prepared and supported for their role and
receive the appropriate training needed to support the children in their care. A child or young persons need for help and support must be properly
co–ordinated... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The school rewards system consists of: A move 'up' the class behaviour chart. Positive comments written on the pupil's work. A visit to a Phase
Leader, the deputy head teachers or head teacher. Class based rewards such as table points, raffle tickets or chance cards. Presentation of a
certificate in the 'Star of the Week' assembly. Presentation of an Ambleside Behaviour Star badge. Positive review from teacher at Assertive
Mentoring meeting. Awards of stickers, stars or stamps. Favourable comments on the pupil's annual report. A comment, postcard, phone call or text
message to parents. A specific area of responsibility. A special privilege such as 'Ambleside's Fine Dining.' A whole class 'treat'. A whole Phase/Year
group 'treat'. Detention at lunchtime. Isolation at lunchtime. Placing the pupil 'on report' through the use of a Behaviour Passport and weekly
reporting to the deputies Withdrawal of privileges. After school detention. Isolation for a part or full day. Fixed term exclusion. In extreme cases,
permanent exclusion These types of rewards are intended to increase the motivation in a child and by recognising their success will lead to their good
behaviour and a positive work ethic. However, where there is praise there must also be sanctions, this will teach children that unacceptable behaviour
will not be accepted. Behaviour that may include; bullying, disrespect to

Human Resource Planning Essay
When most people think of Human Resource Planning, the first thing that usually comes to mind is the internal environment of the organization. There
is, however; the external environment which is just as important. The external environment consists of governmental policies, condition of the
economy, demographics, technology, international influences, competitors, and a changinglabor force (Greer, Peters & Youngblood, 1998). Neglecting
the external environment can have devastating effects on an organization. Entire civilizations have vanished for failing to address external
environmental factors and the need to adapt in an ever–changing environment. You may ask what extinct cultures have to do with HR planning and the
external ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Environmental scanning consists of six phases. The first phase is to figure out which elements of the external environment to analyze and being able
to report findings. The second phase is to compile data and deciding what data is used. The third phase is to map out trends from the data collected.
Trending makes the data easier to analyze and read. The fourth phase is to try and figure out what effects the trends will have on the organization. The
fifth phase is to figure out which issues are the most relevant. The sixth phase is to ascertain which relevant issues are the most important. If used
correctly, environmental scanning can be instrumental in HR planning (Greer, Peters & Youngblood, 1998).
Changing Demographics
Demographics are one of the most important elements in the workforce. Immigration, age, and a declining birthrate have negatively affected the
ability to fill positions. A smaller, younger workforce has incited many companies to seek out ways to retain the aging baby boomer segment. As these
baby boomers retire, it is imperative to ensure younger workers are mentored so the knowledge of the older workers is not lost.
Diversity in the labor pool is also another important factor to consider in HR planning. As baby boomers retire, the labor pool of skilled workers
shrinks more and more. Unfortunately, HR managers are not doing enough to tap into the ever–growing labor pool of skilled immigrant workers. In
order to

Australia 's National Security Policy
Introduction
Australia's national security landscape has changed significantly throughout its history, especially through the Howard, Rudd and Gillard years when
fuelled by globalisation, terrorism and widespread economic turmoil. However, despite the varying nature of the threat landscape over the past century
Australia has not until recently documented a combined, singular, national approach to national security policy. Both the 2008 National Security
Statement and the 2013 Australian National Security Strategy have sought to fill a critical gap in Australia's policy theatre however the efficacy of
these documents to achieve these goals is heavily debated. This paper critically analyses the 2013 National Security Strategy, through... Show more
This became extremely evident, where with the state firmly entrenched as the referent object of security , regional stability was challenged as the
situation in East Timor escalated in the late 1990s on Australia's doorstep. Compounding this reactionary approach were the events of September 11
and the subsequent War on Terror, alongside other bombings in London, Madrid and Bali. Terrorism and resultant responses seemingly encapsulated
the entire national security agenda of Australia which ensured that broader policy was unable to keep pace with the rapidly developing and turbulent
security landscape, particularly as a result of the fluidity of threats (for example those caused by non–state actors and cyber attacks). Surprisingly
despite the continuing reality and rapidly evolving nature of security threats faced by Australia, the Howard era remained strongly focused strongly on
military statecraft, fuelled in large part by Australia's ongoing role with the War on Terror.
The 2008 National Security Statement
The 2008 National Security Statement (the Statement) departed swiftly from the concept of the state as the referent objective of security, focusing on a
broader more multi–dimensional all–hazards approach. The Statement gave voice to the idea of a centralised approach to national security policy, for
the benefit of both public transparency and in communication Australia's intentions to

The Role Of Non State Armed Actors
Encounters with non–state armed actors form the backdrop of my research agenda. As a peacekeeper in Kosovo, I witnessed seemingly random acts of
violence spark hate–filled reprisals. This behavior made visible the networks of grievances and feuds within villages and peoples' minds. My soldiers
and I understood little about our adversaries who hid among an acquiescent population and whose identities and loyalties seemed to continuously shift.
We were almost powerless to stop this kind of violence because of our legal mandate, and because it appeared to be enabled by our presence.
Subsequent experiences during counterinsurgency efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan immersed me in similar moral hazards. Once again, I faced the
turmoil created by... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I wondered: how can governments make credible commitments to security and governance when the landscape of violence remains fragmented? What
I saw on the ground rarely corroborated with the broader narratives I read in newspapers, the military's anodyne policy briefs, or academic literature on
conflict. Those sources held ideas that made sense to me as applicable to wars between states, but not to the kinds of conflict that we now seemed to
face. From my ground–level perspective, it puzzled me to see how some non–state armed actors implemented strategies that appeared
counterproductive to their short and long–term objectives. Again I wondered: did it appear that way because they knew something we did not, or was
it because we truly understand so little?
The United States withdrew its troops from Iraq and Afghanistan based upon the appearance of security. That security was short–lived due to
dysfunctional governance and factionalized violence. Other countries, such as Yemen and Somalia, exhibit similar degenerative processes. Within
these fragmented states, governance institutions crumble amidst the competition between proliferating non–state armed groups. Most individuals in
this context experience radical increases in insecurity with a corresponding decrease in their capacity to undertake positive political action, thereby
hastening state decline. These observations led me to question how the fragmentation of state

Should Marijuana Be Legalized Medical Marijuana?
Unit 4 Assignment
HA545–01
Marquetta Wiggins
Instructor: Dr. Eva Skuka
February 3, 2015
Introduction
Today's society this has change in some many ways. For instances laws has change some for the good and some for the bad. In this paper we be
discussing whether to continue the federal prosecution of medical marijuana patients and their providers under the accordance with the federal
controlled substance Act. There are so many opinions that people have on this issues. Some people may disagree with congress for passing this law
and they may feel that it's giving people the right to smoke marijuana freely and then you have some people that agree with this law being pass.
Because they may feel that it's helping people with different disease and with their chronic pain. Then you can't say that they just want to smoke
marijuana freely because all states have not passed the law that has legalized medical marijuana.
My first initial position of legalized medical marijuana I was against it mainly because I thought it was just for people to have fun. I never thought that
it could be something that helps people with their medical condition. After during research on this topic I take the position of that they shouldn't be
prosecution for having medical marijuana as long as they have a prescription for it from a board doctor that has the right to practices medicine.
There have been some studies conduct about medical marijuana from the center for medical

Sexual Harassment Dress Code Attendance Policy
In this memo I will be addressing a several of the U–Turn company policy and procedures. Concerning Sexual harassment Dress code Attendance
policy Vacation policy Discrimination Alcohol use, drug use, and smoking. I will be addressing these issues due to fellow coworkers not complying
with the company policy and procedures. Everyone needs to read up on these polices to be aware of what is to be expected. Failure to comply with
these rules will result in disciplinary action and can lead to termination. Sexual harassment Policy # 1.11 The general purpose of this policy is to
establish a clear understanding of U–Turn policies and producers regarding all reported claims. All claims will be investigated and violators of this
policy... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Personal appearance and work attire must be maintained. Every person that's works for this company is a representation of this company. This
policy establishes appropriate guidelines within the workplace. Any inappropriate attire are failure to comply with any of the guidelines listed or
supervisor will result is a person to be sent home and disciplinary action taken. 1.All employees should be in uniform. Neat and clean. Unless it is
dress down day or unless your supervisor had given you instructions to dress down for special task. If this special task is on or off the job. No chest
hair, excessive jewelry or tattoos shall not be visible. 2.Hygiene and grooming is expected to be neat and clean. No body piercing larger than normal
loop earrings will not be tolerated. 3.Shoes shall be appropriate to the outfit worn in constants to the policy. No flip flops or High heels higher than 2
inches are prohibited. Smoking Policy 7.11 Smoking is prohibited on the campus of U–Turn and within 25 feet of the building or any of the companies'
vehicles. We are a company that strives for the safety and the health of our staff. Violation of this policy will be subjected to disciplinary action. The
same rules applies to assumption of any alcohol beverages. Drug use is an automatic termination of employment. Attendance policy 9.11 Absence is
considered as person who has refused to report to work or a person who

1.1 Describe the Policies and Procedures of the Setting...
1.1 Describe the policies and procedures of the setting relevant to promoting children and young people's positive behaviour. The policies and
procedures within my placement school relevant to promoting children's and young people's positive behaviour cover a range of six sectors these are
Behaviour policy/Home school agreements Code of conduct/Golden Rules Rewards and sanctions Dealing with conflict and inappropriate behaviour
Anti–Bullying Attendance Behaviour policy Is a guideline to all staff on how pupils behaviour should be managed. It is important that this policy is
constantly being applied to ensure full safety of the pupils, this is why all staff MUST be familiar with this policy. Within this the... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Full golden time awarded Raffle tickets gained/stickers Star of the day Extra time to choose activities Certificates in assembly Springdale Golden
Award All staff can given certain rewards/sanctions however some may be given by a certain member of staff for example, if you do some good
work in class then your teacher will put you forward for a Golden award which you get from the Headteacher in assembly. The child gets a
certificate and a sticker infront of their peers. Dealing with conflict and inappropriate behaviour The schools policy for behaviour will give
information on how you should manage more difficult behaviour as a teacher or TA. It is also important that pupils understand the behaviour policy
of the school so that they have a clear idea of how bad behaviour will be dealt with if they choose to go against school rule or behave in an
inappropriate manner. Anti–bullying My placement school has a separate anti–bullying policy but bullying is also built in to the behaviour policy for
the whole school. It covers all forms of bullying including cyber bullying. Anti bullying is promoted for all pupils within the SEAL project, the golden
rules and the home school agreements. Attendance My schools attendance policy sets out how the school manages issues around attendance.
Attendance has to be monitored carefully to ensure there are no unauthorised absences or long spells of unexplained absences. Both children and
parents have a

The Execution Of A New Strategy
Execution of a new strategy is always a taxing task. It necessitates the possession of significant resources, and also a well designed and engaged
administrative composition. Good policy will designate a specific person who or entity who is accountable for implementing the new policy. At the
outset of the execution of a new policy, a group should be identified that can oversee the new strategy in all pertinent sectors of the organization to
assure various efforts within management are synchronized.
In Jordan, an expansion synchronization team was set up in the governmental bureau that collected information from each of the government
directorates within the kingdom 's Education Ministry to oversee the implementation of diverse programs connected to the education transformation
that included the ICT Plan that the government wished to develop (Ministry of Economics, 2008). In Singapore, the Educational Technology Division
teamed up with divisions within the government 's education ministry in such activities as curriculum preparation, development and training of
teachers in ICT and the execution of their long–range and short–range plans. In addition, the Ministry of Education worked closely with the
government agencies that are held responsible for the national ICT grid and for increasing an aggressive ICT industry in Singapore (Coppock, Smith
& Howell, 2007).
Maintain a collaborative attitude
Collaboration between the various government departments that oversee education

Government 's Intervention On Healthcare System
Tsebelis (1995) offered veto player framework to understand why public policy changes in particular political system. This framework offers more
detail explanation on the public policy changes than other institutional theory, because veto player framework focuses on the actor instead of the
institutions. This paper reviews three articles on welfare state's policy change. Using the veto player framework, the three articles give the similar
conclusion that in order to change the public policy, we should understand the number and position of veto points (Immergut, 1990) whether it is on the
executive, legislative or electoral, so we can construct the best strategies to propose the change, the institutional design (Immergut, 1990; Huber, Rubin
and Stephen, 1993) and the common belief system among the players (Kremer, 2006). Immergut's (1990) article tries to investigate how the
professional group can influence the health care's policy change in Switzerland, France and Sweden. Immergut chooses the three case studies because
the three countries have different government's intervention on healthcare system. The Swiss healthcare system is the most independence among the
three. On the other hand, the government regulates the French healthcare system in terms of arrangements in doctor's fee. And the Swedish
government is the most centralized among them, because most of the doctors work for the government's hospitals. Using the institutional and veto
points framework,

Foreign Direct Investment Of Chin Spill Over Effects On...
Foreign direct investment in China – Deng, Ziliang. 2011, Foreign direct investment in China: spill over effects on domestic enterprises / Deng Ziliang
Routledge New York
This book provided great insight regarding foreign direct investment (FDI) and it ability to stimulate domestic enterprises productivity. It contained
specific research conducted in the Chinese economy and in relation to my research topic, identified and explored China receiving the largest FDI influx
of developing economies since 1993. Particular interests and strength in this book:
Exploration of mechanisms through which FDI promotes the productivity of domestic enterprises.
Developed a research framework to quantify the spill over effects into domestic enterprises.
Examines the presence of multinational enterprises and how it's role as one of the most significant microeconomic drivers for the Chinese economy
How though learning by going and knowledge transfer from multinational affiliates, domestic enterprises have learned to export and have changed the
landscape of world.
Foreign Direct Investment and Governments: Catalysts for Economic Restructuring – Dunning, John H., & Narula, Rajneesh. 1996, Foreign direct
investment and governments: catalysts for economic restructuring / edited by John H. Dunning and Rajneesh Narula Routledge, London; New York
This book provided critical examination of the complex and relationship between foreign direct investment, government policy and economic

Developing Effective Water Sector Policies
iii) Policy Issues Developing effective water sector policies in most countries has been a hard task for the policy makers involved. This has been
because of its unique physical properties, the complex economic characteristics and the important cultural features that come with the resource that
distinguishes it from other natural resources. Other than this, water resource management has continued to present a lot of complicated administrative
issues, and this is because it involves many considerations including legal, technological, environmental, economic and political considerations. In most
countries, political and economic considerations have dominated a lot of policy decisions on the use of water resources. Its management largely ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is important to understand how alternative economic policy instruments have an influence on the water use across different economic sectors and
also between local, regional and national levels. The water managers should recognize the existing connections between macroeconomic policies
and the impacts they have on other areas. Most of these policies as well as some sectorial policies that are not specifically aimed at the water sectors
do have strategic impacts on the resource allocation and the aggregate demand for water in the economy. Respective country 's overall development
strategy and its use of macroeconomic policies including monetary, fiscal and trade policies affect, both directly and indirectly, the demand and
various investments in activities related to the water resource (Young, Dooge & Rodda, 2004, p.81). Some of the problems associated with water
resource management efforts in most countries are its bulkiness and mobility. Its value per unit of its weight tends to be relatively low as compared to
other commodities that are considered bulky. The cost of transporting and storing it is high relative to its economic value at its point of use. It is also
difficult to identify and measure because unlike other commodities, it flows, evaporates, seeps into the ground and transpires. This evasive nature of
water has meant that

The Public Education Campaign Plan Essay
Due to limited finances, many of Washington D.C.'s minority students do not have equal opportunities in education. The public education campaign
plans to promote minority education and engage the entire Washington D.C. community in the education process to present a comprehensive,
engaging, affordable program and create far–reaching opportunities for minority students. To keep track of the goals and objectives, the campaign will
use different methods to evaluate the success and/or failure of the campaign. METRICS AND EVALUATION Tom Watson and Paul Nobel (2007)
believe, A PR campaign can be evaluated "mainly through media monitoring and level of interest and focus on the client company." (p.10). We will
evaluate the effectiveness of these goals and objectives in a timely fashion, by measuring and evaluating results. We will keep track of all the materials
used and the number distributed to reach the target publics. Overall, these tactics aim to target specific publics, such as students, parents, schools
officials, DCPS policymakers, educators, and non–minorities students and parents. Even though students will primarily be targeted via the social
media campaign, all publics have the potential to be reached by means of Twitter and Facebook. Social media is a great tactic because it will allow
us to reach a wider audience and have this topic 'trending' from the campaign's initiation to its end. Many free internet sites can provide tools to
evaluate the results of a goal or

CyberCrime: Cybersecurity for Cyberspace Essay
Summary
Cyberterrorism, is an explosive and heavily volatile act that threatens the very fabric of networking operations of their intended target/s, and guess
what, the United States "cyberspace" platform has provided a means of accessing our most secretive, sensitive, including, military tactical operations
data. Successful attacks upon the US networking infrastructure would obviously impede governmental operation, more importantly; accessing a wealth
of potentially destructive information would have profound implications, thus, Cybersecurity policies must be implemented. Cybersecurity policies
create levels and barriers of networking security as their standards, guidelines, and response to potential threats, vulnerabilities, and ... Show more
Applicable Laws
This policy is also in compliance with federal statues such as the following:
Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act (H.R. 624), which focuses on information sharing and coordination, including sharing of classified
information;
Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2013 (H.R. 756), which addresses federal cybersecurity R&D and the development of technical standards;
Advancing America's Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Act of 2013 (H.R. 967), which addresses R&D in
networking and information technology, including but not limited to security; and
Federal Information Security Amendments Act of 2012 (H.R. 1163), which addresses FISMA reform. (Fischer, 2013, p. 3) Cybersecurity Policy
Framework: Core Functions
Ensuring the confidentiality of all resources that are interconnected and intertwined with "Cyberspace" and government activities,
Protect the integrity if data during transmission and storage,
Increase networking availability for all government owned and operated IT infrastructures,
Ensure the privacy of identifiable information through preventive techniques
Monitoring /Responding to all forms of known and un–known attacks
This document establishes the policy of securing "Cyberspace" relative

Features Of Decision Making In A Political System

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