What is the reuse ratio Propose a comprehensive communications infr.pdf

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What is the reuse ratio? Propose a comprehensive communications infrastructure for a developing country. Justify your recommendations. Solution The proposed communications infrastructure for a developing country is wireless communications. Wireless communications works most efficiently when supported by satellite, infrared, microwave and radio communications and also it is cheap to install. Its most important advantage is its mobility. It has specific security system for protection. Wireless communications provide continuous contact with the provider through the SID (system identification code) via the cell base station (BS). The capacity of wireless communication system can be increased by adding complexity and relaxing the channel allocation rules like Cell splitting, Allocation of new channels, Frequency borrowing and Alternative multiple access architectures..

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Even in difficult places to reach, the new networking technique allows the easy deployment of sensor networks although these wireless sensor networks confront a lot of constraints. The major constraint is related to the quality of information sent by the network. The wireless sensor networks use different methods to achieve data to the base station. Data aggregation is an important one, used by these wireless sensor networks. But this aggregated data can be subject to several types of attacks and provides security is necessary to resist against malicious attacks, secure communication between severely resource constrained sensor nodes while maintaining the flexibility of the topology changes. Recently, several secure data aggregation schemes have been proposed for wireless sensor networks, it provides better security compared with traditional aggregation. In this paper, we try to focus on giving a brief statement of the various approaches used for the purpose of secure data aggregation in wireless sensor networks.

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By virtue of their robustness, cost-effectiveness, self-organizing and self-configuring nature, WMNs have emerged as a new network paradigm for a wide range of applications, such as public safety and emergency response communications, intelligent transportation systems, and community networks. It is anticipated that WMNs will not only resolve the limitations of wireless ad hoc networks, local area networks (WLANs), personal area networks (WPANs), and metropolitan area networks (WMANs) but also significantly improve such networksÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ performance. One fundamental problem of WMNs with a limited number of radio interfaces and orthogonal channels is that the performance degrades significantly as the network size grows. This results from increased interference between nodes and diminished spatial reuse over the network. In this paper, it is proposed to evaluate the performance of two different channel assignment schemes namely common channel assignment (CCA) and centralized tabu-based search algorithm under WCETT routing protocols for varying traffic load in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, average end to end delay and routing overhead using NS2 network simulator. WCETT protocol uses the weighted sum of the cumulative expected transmission time and the maximal value of efficient channels among all channels.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are effective devices used for remote surveillance, device failure prediction, and housing energy control in numerous smart grid implementations. Several interaction structures and remedies, such as broadband networks, cable networks, Wireless Sensor networks, have been suggested to assist Smart Grid implementations. Owing to their cheap, dynamic nature, robustness, and low energy profile, WSNs are attractive devices, and preserving a low energy pattern is an essential factor in WSN. Implementing quality services and safety techniques in sensor networks is challenging in smart grid applications. Thus, in this article, Portable and Data Security Tolerancebased Energy-Efficient Framework(PDST-EEF) has been proposed for maintaining a high standard of data security by lowering the sensor device energy usage in smart grid surroundings. PDST model is developed to ensure data privacy in sensor networks by utilizing an authentication method integrated with the cryptographic signature model to detect the various attacks. PDST identifies and separates attacks like denial of service and replay efficiently. EEF presents a low-power cyber safety mechanism on sensor networks with smart grid tracking applications. EEF is modeled with different stages like identifying anti-nodes, group development, and allocating keys less energy. EEF can operate with higher power efficiency techniques while preserving sustained throughput and reliability ideals. The experimental result shows that the PDST-EEF’s specific request and authentication period is often enhanced by just a second with less energy usage of 5.06%.

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Nowadays Mobile Ad Hoc Network MANET is an emerging area of research to provide various communication services to the end users. Recently the fields of MANET have yielded more and more popularity and thus MANET have become a subject of great interest for the researchers to enforce research activities. One of the main challenges in Mobile ad hoc network is of searching and maintaining an effective route for transporting data information securely. Security and privacy are indispensable in various communications for successful acceptance and deployment of such a technology. Mobile Ad Hoc Network MANET is the cooperative engagement of a collection of mobile nodes without the required intervention of any centralized access point or existing infrastructure. There is an increasing trend to adopt mobile ad hoc networking for commercial uses however, their main applications lie in military, tactical and other security sensitive operations. In these and other applications of mobile ad hoc networking, secure routing is an important issue. Thinking of this, I proposed an efficient secure ad hoc routing protocol for optimize the performance of MANET which will more efficient in terms of time delay, packet drop and packet delivery fraction in mobile ad hoc network. The proposed protocol can employ an integrated approach of digital signature and encryption techniques to achieve the security goals like message integrity, data confidentiality and end to end authentication at IP layer. Together with existing approaches for securing the physical and MAC layer within the network protocol stack, the proposed secure routing protocol can provide a foundation for the secure operation of an ad hoc network. Md. Torikur Rahman ""An Efficient Secure Ad Hoc Routing Protocol for Optimize the Performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET)"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23727.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/23727/an-efficient-secure-ad-hoc-routing-protocol-for-optimize-the-performance-of-mobile-ad-hoc-network-manet/md-torikur-rahman

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SolveForce Next Gen Wireless is a cutting-edge service that provides high-speed, reliable wireless connectivity to businesses of all sizes. It offers the latest technology, including advanced Wi-Fi 6 and 5G capabilities for faster speeds and improved coverage. Its comprehensive suite of services, such as network monitoring, secure access control systems, cloud integration solutions, and more, enables businesses to stay connected regardless of their location or needs. SolveForce Next Gen Wireless ensures an efficient connection with minimal downtime while providing maximum security for your organization's data.

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WIRLESS CLOUD NETWORK

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The development of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in various applications like Defense, Health, Environment monitoring, Industry etc. always attract many researchers in this field. WSN is the network which consists of collection of tiny devices called sensor nodes. Sensor node typically combines wireless radio transmitter-receiver and limited energy, restricted computational processing capacity and communication band width. These sensor node sense some physical phenomenon using different transduces. The current improvement in sensor technology has made possible WSNs that have wide and varied applications. While selecting the right sensor for application a number of characteristics are important. This paper provides the basics of WSNs including the node characteristics. It also throws light on the different routing protocols.

Some aspects of wireless sensor networks

pijans

The succeeding wireless network is Hybrid Wireless Networks. It can provide Quality of Service (QoS) requirements in real time transmission for wireless application. But it stream including critical mission application like military use or emergency recovery. Hybrid wireless networks is unified mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) and wireless infrastructure networks. It inherits invalid reservation and race condition problem in Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). Whereas open medium and wide distribution of node make vulnerable to malicious attackers in Hybrid wireless networks. How to secure the Quality of Service (QoS) routing in Hybrid wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a Secure QoS-Oriented Distributed routing protocol (SQOD) to upgrade the secure Quality of Service (QoS) routing in Hybrid wireless networks. SQOD contain two contrivances: 1.QoS-Oriented Distributed Routing Protocol (QOD)-to reduce transmission delay, transmission time. And also increase wireless network transmission throughput. 2. Enhanced Adaptive ACKnowledgment (EAACK)-implement a new intrusion-detection system for Hybrid wireless networks. It protect Hybrid wireless networks from attacks that have higher malicious behavior detection rate. Analytical and simulation result based on the real human mobility mode. SQOD can provide high secure performance in terms of Intrusion detection,overhead, transmission delay.

A secure qos distributed routing protocol for hybrid wireless networks

AAKASH S

Wireless sensor networks are attracting more and more coverage. A number of surveillance, regulation, and tracking systems have been developed for different scenarios in recent years. Wireless Sensor Network WSN is an emerging technology that shows great promise for various futuristic applications both for mass public and military. The sensing technology combined with processing power and wireless communication makes it lucrative for being exploited in abundance in future. The inclusion of wireless communication technology also incurs various types of security threats. The intent of this paper is to investigate the security related issues and challenges in wireless sensor networks. We identify the security threats, review proposed security mechanisms for wireless sensor networks. We also discuss the holistic view of security for ensuring layered and robust security in wireless sensor networks. Vijay Kumar Kalakar | Hirdesh Chack | Syed Tariq Ali "A Review on Wireless Sensor Network Security" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31815.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/31815/a-review-on-wireless-sensor-network-security/vijay-kumar-kalakar

A Review on Wireless Sensor Network Security

ijtsrd

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is the network of hundreds and thousands of micro-sensor nodes, connecting each other by a wireless medium.WSN provide reliable sensing of the environment, detecting and reporting events to the sink. One of the most important constraints of WSN is energy consumption. Since the micro sensors are small in dimension, batteries are necessary to produce power to the network. In this paper, we have proposed an algorithm for hierarchy based protocols of wireless sensor networks, which consist of two groups of sensor nodes in a single cluster node. Each cluster consists of a three cluster head. The event driven data sensing mechanism is used in this paper and this sensed data is transmitted to the master section head. The gathered data is transmitted to the sink via mobile agent. Hence efficient way of data transmission is possible with larger group of nodes. In this approach of using hierarchy based protocols; the lifetime of the sensor network is increased. This paper proposes an innovative approach of cluster head election. The results are compared with LEACH protocol and proved to be energy efficient.

EFFICIENT HIERARCHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN SENSOR NETWORKS

ijassn

A cellular network is an asymmetric radio network which is made up of fixed transceivers or nodes, maintain the signal while the mobile transceiver which is using the network is in the vicinity of the node. An ad-hoc network is a local area network (LAN) that is built spontaneously as devices connect. Instead of relying on a base station to coordinate the flow of messages to each node in the network, the individual network nodes forward packets to and from each other. This paper focuses on various issues, architecture and routing protocols in cellular, adhoc and sensor networks. As issues proves helpful for forthcoming research, this paper work as a backbone to elaborate the various research areas.

A RELATIVE STUDY ON CELLULAR, WSN AND MANETS

IAEME Publication

A RELATIVE STUDY ON CELLULAR, WSN AND MANETS

IAEME Publication

We propose clusters based cooperatives based verbal architecture coop on the cellular ad hoc wireless sensor network Mawsn with the environment fading Rayleigh. The main ability and contributions of this paper are as follows. First, the proposed cage uses a cluster as a underlying system to help stable transmission services. 2D, the proposed enclosure uses a cluster based verbal cooperative exchange to effectively guide the package delivery ratio with multi hop power saving transmission. 0.33, we do not forget reasonable methods mainly based on cellular ad hoc nodes with sensing features and constant sensor nodes in the sensor field along with conventional research for the introduction of constant network sensors. Fourth, we have theoretical analysis with blackouts opportunities for proposed cooperative transmissions. Overall performance evaluation is run through simulation and evaluation. Sweeti Kumari | Dr. Ranjan Kumar Singh "Wireless Sensor Network Based Clustering Architecture for Cooperative Communication" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43670.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/43670/wireless-sensor-network-based-clustering-architecture-for-cooperative-communication/sweeti-kumari

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