What Is The Similarities Between The Parthenon And Roman...

What Is The Similarities Between The Parthenon And Roman...
Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and the differences between ancient Parthenon Greece and
Pantheon Rome seen in Parthenon, and considers how the style and function of each building serves
as a typical example of its culture
A quick overview of The Greek and Roman Architecture:
The Greek architecture is one of the most ancient techniques that had influenced other civilizations
and cultures by its design and building structure. The Greek developed astonishing building styles
driven by the simple (post and Lintel) style, by carving beautiful and magnificent columns and by
inscription and decorations craved on the upper part of the columns. The Greek buildings were built
based on main thee classical architectural styles, the Doric, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is because Roman architecture had developed on what the Greek have built before and they
actually adopted the Greek's techniques.
When we look at the exterior architecture of the Pantheon we find that Romans have adopted the
Greek classic architecture, seen in the Parthenon. Also, in terms of use, and function, both of these
temples had been converted to churches, and they both have been rebuilt, However Pantheon was
not completely damaged by sacked as with Parthenon where it was destroyed by fire and sacked by
Persians, where the
Pantheon was preserved as result of Rome being a strong Christian state that had protected it from
any damage or looting.
The Parthenon is Doric temple that is supported by an Ionic colonnade. Also, the floor is made
entirely from marble, and the base was made of limestone which is typically the materials used in
Greek
Architecture. In contrary, the Pantheon has a concrete dome over the ornate Corinthian columns. It
has more decorative aspects and unique details, the dome that gives it a round shape, where the
Parthenon is a rectangular structure. In Parthenon, the columns are constructed of several barrels,
and the
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Statue Of The Goddess Sekhmet Analysis
"Mistress of peace and of the war cry. Lady of heaven, queen of the gods–Great Mut. Creator.
Protector. Lady of joy. Cobra of dread. The vigilant mistress of Karnak. Mighty ruler in her Theban
temple. She whose spirit exists because her temple endures. She whose temple and city will exist for
millions of years"1. This writing comes from a hymn on a stela praising Mut. This stela praising one
of the prominent goddesses of Egypt shows the great praise and proclamations given to their
religious figures. Another such example of Egypt's adoration for their gods is in the statue of
Sekhmet, one of the many other statues found at the Temple of Mut. The statue stands as another
representation of not only Egypt's growing religious movements, but of the growing artistic
movements in sculpting as well and the appreciation the higher powers of Egyptians had on their
gods and religion.
The Statue of the Goddess Sekhmet is currently held at the Royal Ontario Museum in the Ancient
Egypt exhibit with the inventory number, 2007. 68. 1. The statue depicts a woman with the head of a
lion, the goddess Sekhmet herself, sitting on a throne and has a broken off muzzle due to age. The
figure sits rigidly on top of a throne, a common depiction of some of the important gods of Egypt.
Originally the statue had held an ankh but had broken off due to age. It was sculpted out of black
granite and stands at 184 centimetres.
The statue was built during the New Kingdom specifically the 18th dynasty

The Pantheon As A Reflection Of The Roman Empire
The Pantheon is a structure that was built as a reflection of the Roman empire's wealth and power.
Back in its time, it served as a temple to all the Roman gods. These gods "included Zeus, a sky–god
and the 'father of gods, sea, earthquakes, and horses'" (Noble, T., Strauss, et al. 58). The gods were
believed to "live on Mount Olympus, a 9,500–foot–high peak in northern Greece" and were called
Olympians (Noble, T. Strauss, et al. 58). What makes the Pantheon particularly remarkable is that it
exists to this day in roughly the same state as it had upon the completion of its construction and
dedication to the gods. Since its construction, the Pantheon has inspired numerous other buildings
across the world and has served as a staple in fascinating architecture. The tour I took of the
Pantheon revealed that despite its overall sound preservation there remain indications of weathering,
age, and past attacks. I saw numerous holes in the pediment and the original bronze fittings had been
visibly ripped off. Another visible difference that I noticed was that back in its time it was obscured
by a colonnade and other buildings, whereas during my tour it was surrounded by more modern
structures. The front of the Pantheon had massive columns supported by marble bases called
monoliths, which had been imported from Egypt rather than cut, which served as a demonstration of
wealth. To pass inside the Pantheon, I went under a rectilinear porch and through massive bronze
doors. Then, I was

A Comparison Of The Pantheon And The Parthenon
Introduction
With just a quick glance at pictures taken from a distance of the front of the Pantheon and the
Parthenon, one might conclude that they are the same building or the same design. Both have eight
Greek–inspired columns topped with metopes and a triangular pediment at the entry portico (front).
However, any other view and a closer look would reveal substantial differences. Even the condition
of the present buildings would indicate that the buildings are from very different times and, of
course, very different locations.
The Parthenon
The Parthenon is a Greek temple constructed in 447 BC. It was designed by the architect/artist
Phidias and commissioned by Perikles after the Peliponnesian War to worship the Greek goddess,
Athena. Reed (2005) The building is a classical Greek structure in the Doric order known as a
peripteral
THE PANTHEON AND THE PARTHENON 2 octastyle Doric temple with Ionic columns.
Wikipedia (2017a) The "octastyle" designation refers to the eight columns at each end of the
structure. The building ends also have a second row of six columns at the interior of the outer
columns. The interior is divided into two rooms by masonry walls with interior columns in each
room. The building was and is famous for its ornate sculpture on the surface of the temple along the
frieze and pediments as well as sculptures on the interior of the building, namely the
chryselephantine statue of Athena sculpted by Phidias. The building is also said to have been built in

What Is The Similarities Between The Hapolis And Hagia Sophia
I decided to compare the Pantheon and Hagia Sophia. The Pantheon is in Rome, Italy and the Hagia
Sophia is located in Istanbul, Turkey previously Constantinople. I chose these structures because the
construction of domes fascinates me. How the domes were constructed is explained in the text, yet
the concept still baffles me how people were actually able to build domes with the technology
present then and that the domes did not collapse on themselves.
The primary similarity between the two works are the massive domes topping them. The second
similarity is that both the Pantheon and the Hagia Sophia served as a place of worship. The
Pantheon was dedicated to all the Roman gods, then was later donated to the Pope and used as a
church. The Hagia Sophia was originally a church commissioned by the Byzantine emperor,
Justinian. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were riots which led to Hagia being destroyed. Emperor Justinian had Anthemius & Isidorus
rebuilt it. The Hagia Sophia supported the dome using pendentives. The central dome sits on top of a
ring of windows which gives a mystical effect that it is floating on heavenly light and not masonry.
The light shines off the mosaics and marble walls and floor defining the space. The dome is 108 feet
across and 180 high. Its interior has colored stones from around the world along the floors and
walls. It has Christian mosaics on the walls. The use of pendentives made buttresses, large internal
northern and southern walls, and eastern and western half domes to necessary. The pendentives
transfer the weight from the dome to the piers beneath instead of to the walls. The walls were
concealed and not sufficient suggests although the scale and monumentality of the Hagia Sophia
were similar to Roman the design was not according to Roman ways. Bricks were used instead of
concrete, it included columns and buttresses, it has eight supporting piers, and semicircular half–
domes , while the Pantheon did

The Influence Of The Pantheon On Modern Architecture
Pantheon located in Rome, Italy is the most well conserved architectural structure of the Roman
period. Pantheon, initially a roman sanctuary worked to committed to every one of the divine
beings, however in 609AD., it was transformed into a congregation and stays as it. Initially worked
by Agrippa around 27BC under Augustus' lead however it was caught fire during 80D, under
Emperor Domitian's care then build it again, yet was struck by lightning and burned down again in
110AD. The present Pantheon was worked in 120AD and finished by Emperor Hadrian alongside
Apollodorus of Damascus. (Hannah and Magli 2011) Since the Renaissance, the Pantheon has been
a site for several important burials. The Pantheon that we can visit today is composed of ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Cline 2016) Architects around the world has been studying it and attempt to infuse the strong
elements or principles of design into their own works eventually common elements from the
Pantheon can be found in various places, like chapel, libraries or even museum. The Rotunda
(University of Virginia) build by Thomas Jefferson. The Rotunda was deeply influenced by the
Pantheon in Rome and it is to symbolize "authority of nature and power of reason". The ideas of
building Rotunda uses the same idea of building Pantheon. It is clearly seen that the materials use is
very different. Pantheon is constructed by reinforced concrete while Rotunda gives a neat and clean
finish of the overall building by using wood and brick. Moving to the interior, it uses a different
approach while it is designed. Pantheon is an enclosed big place where the only light source enter is
from the eye while Rotunda is built as an mulit–story architecture that the light source comes from
the windows was in–built around the dome. Other examples are like San Antonio, Trieste, build by
Pietro Nobile; Church of the Great Mother of God, Turin, build by Ferdinando Bonsignore; Church
of San Francesco di Paolo, Naples, build by Pietro Bianchi. The similarities among these
architecture is all was deeply influenced by Pantheon and have a similar architecture building,

Ancient Egyptian Royalty And The Pantheon Of Gods Essay
When asked to describe Ancient Egypt, many will speak of towering pyramids, glittering
sarcophaguses, and fist–sized scarab pendants. However, the image of Ancient Egypt that most have
learned has one glaring flaw: it inordinately focuses on the lives of the social elite. The descriptions
given seldom mention the stories of merchants, artisans, or slaves; they are solely focused on
exploring the lives of the Egyptian royalty and the pantheon of gods that they worshipped. The
social disparity in the study of Ancient Egypt is not the fault of professors, textbooks, or the field of
education in general; rather, it is indicative of the deep social divides which were omnipresent in
Egyptian society from its initiation. In Western Civilizations: Volume One, the authors confirm the
rigid socioeconomic class system of this era: "The social pyramid of Old Kingdom Egypt was
extremely steep. At its apex stood the Pharaoh and his extended family, whose prestige and power
set them entirely apart from all other Egyptians." This strict social structure pursued the Egyptian
consciousness, even in death. The Book of the Dead, a collection of spells and incantations to aid a
deceased person through the afterlife, contains ample evidence that social class followed Egyptian
citizens past their mortal existence. In my brief study of Ancient Egypt, I have found evidence in
The Book of the Dead to support the claims made by Dr. Symes that Ancient Egyptian society
followed a strict social caste

Similarities Between Ancient Greece And Rome
The Rome's Pantheon and Greek's Parthenon are both significant and innovative structures that have
influenced the architecture around the world. This essay will describe the style and function of each
building as well as the similarities and differences between ancient Greece and Rome in four
characters including history, design, usage, and similarity.
1.History
Rome's Pantheon – one of the greatest spiritual buildings in the world. The temple is devoted to the
gods of ancient Rome. The name "Pantheon" derives from Greek and actually means "Every God".
The temple is one of the best preserved of all ancient Roman buildings and it has been in almost
continuous use throughout its history. The Pantheon was built by Marcus Agrippa in year 27 ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The exterior of the Pantheon is beautiful, but its inside is what makes it truly stunning. The perfectly
circular interior chamber approximately 143 feet in diameter topped by a dome that is the same 143
feet high. It is a giant room that conceivably holds a perfect sphere or globe 143 feet across. Some
believe the sphere was meant to symbolize the vault of heaven. At the apex of the dome is an oculus;
its main purpose was to let light stream into the building and to prevents the dome from collapsing.
Several smaller shrines are along the inner walls. There used to be devoted to the seven gods linked
to the planets of the Sun, the Moon, Venus, Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, and Mars. The huge marble
walls might be the most remarkable feature in Pantheon.
The Pantheon, Roman The Pantheon, Roman The Pantheon, Roman
The Parthenon is created as an optical illusion. It appears to consist of straight lines but in fact,
almost every surface is built to lean and curved from its columns to its foundations. It gives a unique
insight into the best that ancient Greek sculptors could produce at the best period of Greek art. The
Parthenon is a Doric peripteral temple; it consists of a rectangular floor plan with a series of low
steps, and a colonnade of Doric columns. The three main types of columns used in Greek temples
and other public buildings are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Many of the sculpture

Snap Shot Research Paper
Snap Shot of Religious Structures Through the Ages In ancient times there was always a main focus
or theme to art that was created. Majority of the time this focus was on religion. Religion has
inspired many artists to create great paintings, sculpture, and architecture. In this paper, I will focus
mainly on religious architecture, beginning with Greece, reflecting on Rome, traveling to Tunisia,
and ending in India. Though the structures being covered are different in religion and time period,
they all have one thing in common, they are spaces that create a spiritual experience for an
individual. The Parthenon at the Acropolis in Athens, Greece, built between 447 BCE and 432 BCE
to honor the Greek goddess Athena. The Parthenon located in the acropolis is located on the top of a
big hill. This could be a tactic to protect the structure from invaders, however, this is also symbolic
of wanting to be closer to the gods, in this case closer to Athena. This great architectural piece made
of huge slabs of marble creates a sense of grandness only the gods deserved. The architect included
relief sculpture of larger than ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Great Stupa at Sanchi was constructed around the third to first century BCE. The Great Stupa is
a burial mound that is not a tomb but used to house relics of Buddha. Around the stupa is the fence
with toranas that are intended to protect the remains of Buddha form the outside world. These fences
are adorned with relief sculpture that tells of Buddha's past lives. Buddhists will make pilgrimages
to this location to further their walk to enlightenment. A visitor of the Great Stupa would enter
through one the toranas, walk up the stairs, and then walk around the structure in a clockwise
direction. This is called circumambulation and is supposed mimic the movement of the earth and the
sun to bring the visitor in to harmony with the

The Purpose Of The Pantheon
The Pantheon is one the greatest paradoxes in modern archeology. On the one hand, the structure's
preservation is absolutely remarkable and has allowed scholars from all over the world the
opportunity to study its design for centuries. Yet, for such a well–known and iconic building, the
meaning behind the Pantheon remains uncertain. Many scholars, unsatisfied with the mainstream
theory that the building was a temple dedicated to all gods; have proposed their own unique
explanation for the Pantheon's purpose. Perhaps the most radical of these can be found in Adam
Ziolkowski's article "Was Agrippa's Pantheon the Temple of Mars 'In Campo?'; which proposes, as
the title suggests, that the original Pantheon was actually the Temple of Mars 'in campo' ... Show
First, Ziolkowski notes that the Pantheon's southern neighbor, the Temple of Neptune, had a similar
change in purpose as it became the Basilica of Neptune. Ziolkowski cites the calendar Fasti Palatii
Urbinatis as the clue about the fate of these two buildings. Written around the same time as the
Pantheon's construction, 13 BC, the Fasti Palatii Urbinatis does not make any mention of the temple
of Mars and Neptune in Campo. However, this calendar only recorded temple that were aedes
publicae, public temples. If the two in campo temples were not aedes publicae, this would explain
their absence from this calendar. As to why the temple of Mar and Neptune in Campo were not
made into public temples, Ziolkowski cites the "the only war Augustus ever lost, that against Roman
public opinion, which stubbornly refused to approve of monuments exalting victories won in civil
war." The two temple in campo were constructed to honor Agrippa's (and Augustus's) land and sea
victories, which would conflict with public opinion. By making them both private temple, Agrippa
avoided "the forces that apparently made Augustus pull down his first triumphal arch in the Forum."
However not being aedes publicae, had a downside. Unlike a public temple whose "character and
patron deity or deities were fixed and known to everybody, and could not be changed except through
the ritual of inauguration or rededication", a private temple dedication was subject to more
flexibility. Ziolkowski suggests that the same dissenters could have sifted the changed the temples
purposes after the reign of Emperor Augustus had ended. However, Ziolkowski does offer another
suspect for the two temple's

Similarities And Differences Of The Greek Parthenon And...
Whether simplistic or complex in style, the Greek Parthenon and the Roman Pantheon, respectively,
exhibit uniqueness to their era. Each showcases wonderful and historic characteristics of
architecture throughout the passage of time. This essay will explain the similarities and differences
in the use and functionality between these two ancient temples. Although the Greek Parthenon is
recognized as a temple, it is not truly known if the Roman Pantheon was a temple, however, it is
deemed as such (Cartwright, 2013). Cartwright also states the people of Greece were devoted to the
goddess Athena (2015), even though the original statue has been lost over time. Consequently, if
there are any specific gods and goddesses in reference to the Pantheon, they are not given, or maybe,
not known today; speculation appears to go from one end of the spectrum to the other. The
Etymology dictionary (n.d.) does suggest it is possible, pan meaning "all" + theios meaning "of or
for the gods." Each was built using one of the classical orders of architecture and a well–known
structure of their time. According to resources given, both were not the original structures; each one
is the third one of its kind to be built at, or near, the current site. Both are considered a tourist mecca
in modern times. The history and heart of the structures lie in their differences. There are three types
of classical orders in Greek architecture, namely Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Although both have a
Classical

The Pantheon: A Short Story
The dark line of woods was in the horizon, destined to become Peryn's sanctuary. In the amidst of
her flight, she felt a sensation of water sprinkling down onto her, drenching her long icy hair and
pale skin. Then just before she could reach her hand out the feel the sensation, the drizzle grew into
a downpour, drenching her. Although a sane person would opt to find shelter from the rainstorm, she
chose to let it cleanse her body and mind from the sins she had committed. ____ The city street was
barren upon the arrival of the Pantheon. For Peryn, it was odd to not hear the chatter from the people
and their motors' roaring, or the scent of burning street food. In fact, it felt so much like a ghost
town that it scared her. Yet, the resolute ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The wife attempted to rush towards him, forcing Antheia to bind her as well. Yet Vayu never forgot
the presence of the children, staring at them with a soft yet rare look in his eyes. "Now, get these
children out of here." Antheia nodded once more, and with her powers strengthened the vines so that
the couple wouldn't escape. With her work done, she whisked the children out of store (though with
a struggle as they protested in defiance). With no one to guide, Peryn felt lost as to why she was here
in the first place. "Now this where you come in, Peryn." Her eyes lit up at the sound of her name
form Vayu's mouth, compelling to walk towards him like a student following her mentor. "Use your
powers to shock the florist as an interrogation process, no question asks." She felt hesitance grew,
but forced her will suppressed it so she could. With memories of training vivid in her mind, she
stepped forward towards the florist. Then by grabbing a hold of wrist, she began to electrocute him–
starting with minimal effect that would hurt him. She watched him only wince at the pain, his teeth
gritting and grinding. Then with concentration, she heightened the effect slowly. Once it reached its
highest level she could get (but not high enough to electrocute him), he began to scream. Yet despite
his pain and agony that wrecked her eardrums, she found herself not appalled by

Compare And Contrast The Pantheon In Athens And The Parthenon
Two Ancient Monuments
Two of the ancient world's best examples of architecture, which still exist today, are the Pantheon in
Athens, and the Parthenon in Rome. Both of these monuments are more than just classical temples,
they are symbols of the great civilizations of the past which constructed them. Achievements which
have stood the test of time, despite the fact they have been stripped of their former glory.
First of all let's consider the older of the two, the Parthenon. The Parthenon stands on the top of the
Acropolis, a rocky outcrop in the center of Athens, Greece. Work began on the temple complex
shortly after the war with Persia ended, from 447 to 432 BCE. The funds to finance the building of
this grand monument came from the surplus of the war treasury of the Delian League, an alliance of
city states created for the sake of defence against the Persians. The Acropolis had suffered greatly in
the war when the Persians invaded Athens in 480 BCE, looting and destroying the temples. Yet the
building of the Parthenon was more than just a restoration of lost temples, it was a statement, a ...
The largest dome ever made when constructed, it is still considered the largest unreinforced concrete
structure of its kind. The dome of the Pantheon is what makes this building so unique. The rotunda
measures 43.3 meters in diameter, which is the exact height from the floor to the oculus, open
skylight, which means it is a perfect hemisphere. A 43.3 meter diameter sphere would fit perfectly
under the dome. The dome is made of pumice mixed with concrete, a process which was lost with
the fall of the Roman Empire and only now starting to be understood. The thickness of the dome
tapers from 6.4 meters at the base to 1.2 meters around the oculus. The weight of the dome was
reduced by forming five rings of 28 coffers, recessed panels, into the interior

What Is The Similarities Between The Greek And Roman...
Each building, especially, the historical ones has a function, for which it was built, and a style
carried with messages to convey for the people. The Greek and the Roman buildings are the best
examples of the buildings, which tells a lot about their cultures. So, this essay will discuss two
buildings from the ancient eras, their differences, and similarities. The first one is the Parthenon in
Athens while the other is the Pantheon in ancient Rome. Also, it will explain how the style and use
of these buildings served as a typical example of their culture. The Pantheon is a Roman temple, and
it was built in 125 CE in the reign of Hadrian. Although it is one of the best preserved Roman
monuments in the world, the Pantheon, we see in these days, is the third one. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
So, the Romans, using it in such an important temple, wanted to talk about their strength,
architectural skills, and ability to innovate.
Moving to the other building swiftly, the Parthenon in Athens is a Greek temple. It was built in 432
B.C. in the Age of Pericles. Hence, it was built when the Athenian Empire was at the top of its
power. The word
Parthenon was derived from Athena epithets: Athena Parthenos, which means Virgin. (Cartwright,
2012).
Personally, I believe that the name is a genius choice as the temple was constructed for the sake of
the goddess
Athena.
Moreover, since the Parthenon mixed different Greek orders, namely the Doric and Ionic, it is the
best example to show how the Greeks could produce such a stunning temple. The materials they
used were not limited to marble and bronze. They used gold and ivory in lavish amounts for the
sculpture of their goddess, as well. There is too much important symbolism in these two buildings.
However, from the aforementioned information, I can say that the similarities between these two
buildings are many. They could be the purpose of their constructing as they both were temples and
the messages of the strength, authority, ability, and wealth

What Are The Similarities Between Ancient Egypt And...
In societies around the world people follow a certain religion. They believe either in a single deity or
many deities. In Ancient Greek and Egypt they believed in many deities. Many included females.
Ancient Egyptian and Greek societies had similar female goddesses despite distance. But although
they had similarities they also have differences between them.
Hathor is the Egyptian goddess of female sexuality and love. Also music, dance and inebriation. She
brought fertility and protected women in childbirth. She is a funerary goddess but unlike Isis
specialized in the rebirth in afterlife. With other goddess like Tefnut, Nut and Sakhmet they are
"angry goddesses". They have a dual nature as being bring both fertility and new life. But also seen
as dangerous and bringing destruction. Hathor is the daughter of Ra and considered the "eye of Ra".
Ra wanted to destroy mankind but he grew old. As he grew older he asked her to help him and
became Sekhmet and took on a job of vengeance. She became the warrior goddess of destruction
and war. She is the goddess of war, fire, heat and vengeance. Along with enchantments,
mummifications, hunting, wild animals and courage. Sekhmet became known as the lioness goddess
or the "scarlet lady" for her known lust for blood. She feels delight in killing people and drinking
their blood. Ra became worried that Sekhmet would slaughter all mankind. So he tricked her by
mixing red dye and ale and pouring it across the land. Claiming it was blood she

How Did Architecture Influence The Development Of Roman...
Writing Assignment Unit 7
HIST 1421 – Greek and Roman Civilization
By Robert Wright
The Development of Roman Architecture Ancient Roman concrete is one of the greatest
achievements to architecture since the creation and shaping of limestone by the Egyptians when
building the great pyramids. Roman concrete structures today still stand after withstanding natures
slow but powerful degrading capacity. If you visit the Roman Pantheon, you would see, after all this
time, that the building still stands prominently and in near perfection to this day. Concrete was a
major catalyst to the innovation of Roman architecture. This essay seeks to explore more of the
effects of Roman concrete and how it influenced the majesty of Roman architecture. It ... Show
When Rome began adopting Greek architecture and art (The three orders of architecture, Doric,
Ionic, and Corinthian) they began to make hybrid works that would represent the glory of the
Roman empire while maintaining the sophistication of the Greeks architect's prowess (Kamm,
Antony. 2017). However, Roman concrete was most widely used to construct roads for troops and to
help faster economic trade, as well as, being used commonly in buildings and walls. At about 120 –
124 the Romans architectural mastery was so great that they could build the circular Pantheon
temple, a testament to the majesty of the Roman empire, and a place where the Romans could pray
to their gods. The Pantheon dome was created in a way where the concrete for the coffered dome
was poured in molds and mounted on temporary scaffolding where the center, known as the oculus,
would be open for the public to see the light or night of day, and stand as a testament to the
capabilities the Roman architects could

Modern Er El Paso High School
A revival, a rebirth, a renaissance of art that belongs in the past but seems to endure because of its
outstanding and unrivaled beauty. To revive a great nations architecture in the modern era goes to
show just how much of an impact an ancient empire had on humanity that extends almost two
thousand years in the past. El Paso High school is a great example of Corinthian Style architecture
that was predominant by the Roman Empire in the years of the Pax Romana. The building is a
masterpiece that displays two ancient Roman styles of architecture, on its East Façade and the other
in the Southeast Wing. These two entrances give more than what the eye can see; they display a
spirituality with the essence of the structure and what it embodies as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Looking back at the main building lies the main east façade with its beautiful porch leading up to the
main structure. The size and exquisite decor is what takes the mind of the city view and into the past
of a revival architecture. Constructed by Henry C. Trost from Trost & Trost Architects & Engineers,
this building serves as a revival evoking memories from Greece and Rome. The façade itself
consists of six shafts or columns which indicate the ionic part of the Corinthian style structure. The
Corinthian style capitals are a piece of work; they take the viewer back in time. The Corinthian
leaves and beautifully carved flowers are clearly visible as if time had no effect on the buff terra
cotta. The detail is acute and precise, to the extent that beautiful is a dull word to describe the vision.
The bases of the columns are like a perfect structure that hold a grand shaft that leads to beauty on
top. Furthermore, each column is big, no, in fact they are huge, they are elegant in their design and
seem to fit one another as they stand side by side. Above the six columns lies the architrave. The
architrave is a small part of the structure but fine to the last detail, it is astonishing the level of
perfection that was achieved down to the last inch of this structure. Above all this is a

Medieval And Medieval Architecture
When regarding ancient and medieval architecture, the powerful influence of religion is very
imminent throughout the various time periods and different styles of architecture. History of
architecture is associated more with buildings driven by religion than with any other category,
because in most past civilizations, the consistent and distinguished appeal of religion made the
church or temple the most symbolic, the most stable, and the most powerful building in any city.
Throughout human history, religion has been the inspiration for magnificent works of philosophy,
literature, art, and architecture. Throughout history in ancient Europe, sacred traditions were
symbolized, expressed and preserved in places of worship and pilgrimage. Though there are many
examples that support this argument, the mortuary complex of King Zoser in ancient Egypt, the
Parthenon of ancient Greece, the Pantheon of Italy, the Hagia Sophia of the Byzantine Empire, and
the Notre Dame Cathedral of Paris reign supreme in exemplifying the architectural practice driven
by the influence of religion.
In Ancient Egypt, pyramids were monumental tombs built for the kings, but more importantly, the
great pyramids were also fundamental to the religious beliefs of Egyptian culture and society. In the
ancient Egyptian culture, death of the king was not a termination of life but rather, on the contrary,
the potential of beginning of a new form of existence. The kings held an exclusive position,
described between

The World And A Grand Symbol Of Papal Authority Essay
During the Late Renaissance period, the largest church in the world and a grand symbol of papal
authority was built within the territory of the Vatican City. Principally designed by famous
architects, such as Michelangelo, Donato Bramante, Carlo Maderno and Gian Bernini Lorenzo, St
Peter's Basilica– built between 1506 to 1626– is one of the greatest Renaissance architectures and is
regarded as "the greatest of all churches of Christendom". Believed to be the site of Saint Peter's
tomb, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and considered to be the first pope, the ground in which
the basilica stands is one of the holiest places in the world. Evidence state that the tomb of Saint
Peter is located directly beneath the altar of the Basilica. Due to being such a holy place, the Basilica
contains many tombs of popes and famous religious sculptures, such as the Pieta of Michelangelo.
Admired for its Renaissance architecture, with a fusion with Baroque architecture in the later years
of building, the Basilica of St. Peter also holds great meaning; thus in order to emphasize its
importance, it took several years to design and completely build the dome (and the Basilica itself).
Consequently, the greatest architects and artists were involved . The Roman public hall, known as a
basilica, is usually a rectangular building with side aisles behind the rows of columns which support
the main walls. The focus of attention is at the end opposite the entrance, where a raised platform is

An Essay On The Pantheon
The Pantheon, whose name gets from the ancient Greek and signifies "common to all the gods": Pan
means "all", and Theon means "gods", is the best preserved building from ancient Rome. Its
magnificent dome is a lasting testimony to the genius of Roman architects and as the building stands
virtually intact. The purpose of the building is not known for certain but rather the name, porch and
pediment decoration suggest a temple or something to that influence. Be that as it may, no faction is
known not of the divine beings, in this way the Pantheon may have been laid out as a place where
the emperor could show up in a setting which helped spectators to remember his heavenly status,
measure up to with other different gods of the Roman Pantheon and his idolized emperor
antecedents. The Pantheon was built on the definite site of two earlier Pantheon structures, one
commissioned by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (27–25 BCE) and the second by Domitian. The first
building was destroyed by a fire in 80 CE and the second building was struck by lightning in 110 CE
and again ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Peter's (whose dome is smaller), and the Pantheon's roof was stripped of bronze for use in Bernini's
baldacchino in St. Peter's. In 1563, the bronze doors were restored. Additionally, in 1626 CE Pope
Urban VIII removed the greater part of the bronze girders from the porch roof and recast the metal
into 80 canons for the city's Castel Sant'Angelo. The presence of these girders suggests that the
porch roof initially had overwhelming marble tiles. In spite of these progressions the Pantheon is
one of the best preserved ancient monuments on the world, despite everything it still has an
important function and status today as inside of it are tombs of the first two kings of Italy, Vittorio
Emanuele II and Umberto I. (from 1870–1946 CE), and another notable tomb is that of the painter
Raphael (1483–1520

Architecture : Architecture And Architecture
Architecture requires deliberate measurements for practicality and aesthetic appeal. Architecture
also requires calculating exact angles and areas of intersection to ensure the components of the
structure are stable and safe (By). I decided to explore architecture because I admire art and
architecture combines the principles of art and mathematics to construct beautiful buildings.
Additionally, many pieces of architecture have a story and through mathematics and art, an architect
or the person who commissions the building can tell their stories through a somewhat permanent
structure. Architects have to design spaces in a functional manner that is also aesthetically appealing
which requires proportion, balance, and conjunction with its surroundings. This report looks at
architecture and how trigonometry and mathematics have been used in developing St. Peter's
Basilica and the Pantheon through sectors and right triangle trigonometry. St. Peter's Basilica is a
late Renaissance church located in Vatican City built at the place of crucifixion of St. Peter the
Emperor Constantine at request of pope St. Slyvester I. It was originally built from 315 A.D. – 349
A.D. but, rebuilt from 1451 A.D. – 1625 A.D. with the dome being designed by Michelangelo. For
St. Peter's Basilica's dome to remain structurally sound, tension rings were added to the structure
and there is an inner and outer dome. Utilizing the sector formula, the dome can be analyzed in how
it maintains its structure

Pantheon And The Gods
Pantheon means all of the Gods. The first Pantheon was built in 27 B.C., but it burned to the ground
in 80 A.D. Titus then became Rome 's Emperor and rebuilt Agrippa 's work, but it, too burned down
in about 110 AD. Consequently, it was then rebuilt in 126 A.D. The purpose of the Pantheon is
unknown, but from what we know today it suggests that it was used as a temple. Whether people
worshiped there or the emperor made appearances there is unknown. On the facade of the Pantheon,
there are words inscribed in latin that in English read "Marcus Agrippa son of Lucius, having been
consul three times made it." This was a dedication to commander Marcus Agrippa who had built the
original Pantheon. Below the main inscription is a smaller one indicating the restorations carried out
by Septimius, Severus and Caracalla in 202 CE and reads, "with every refinement they restored the
Pantheon, worn by age" (translated to english).Though in my journey to the inside, it was interesting
that the inside of the Pantheon looked nicer than the outside and that this was indeed done
deliberately . What I was most impressed by what they layout of the circular part of the building
which is entranced via two bronze doors and the interior is further lightened by five rings of 28
coffers which reduce in size as they rise towards the center of the dome. Presently, the Pantheon is
used as a church which is what is was being used for since 608 A.D. Masses are held there every
Sunday. It also

Analysis Of The Book ' The Cat '
A gunshot stirred the sleeping cat, jerking him awake. His unpleasant dream, filled him with horror
as he recalled the smell of burning firewood, boiling water, and the cruel laughter. His senses came
back to him as he found himself hanging from a log, upside down, his legs tied together. Battered
and bruised, the cat tried to remember why he was hanging on a piece of wood. As the cat's memory
came back slowly, he remembered himself fighting men, trying to escape their firm grip. One of the
big men lifted his oversized fist and connected it to the cat's hind legs. The feline shrieked in agony
as the pain shot up towards his body, and he fell into an unknown darkness. He frowned as he tried
to remember what had happened before the hunters came, but his mind was utterly blank. The cat
blinked twice, finally taking in his surroundings. Two men came towards the cat and lifted him over
to an open space. The cat looked below him and saw some wood. The men walked away, leaving the
cat alone by himself. He closed his eyes; his throbbing legs were becoming numb and he started to
feel a sense of dread, as he realized what would happen to him. The feline twitched as a stick
prodded his bruised body. An old man stood over the cat, grinning from ear to ear. The cat
shuddered at the sight; the man wore rags and looked as if he had never taken a bath in his life. His
stench could be smelled from miles away, and it angered the hanging cat. All of a sudden, the
ancient man untied the

Similarities Between The Parthenon And Greek Pantheon
Introduction Whether simplistic or complex in style, the Greek Parthenon and the Roman Pantheon,
respectively, exhibit uniqueness of their era. Each showcases wonderful and historic characteristics
of architecture throughout the passage of time. This essay will explain the similarities and
differences in the use and functionality between these two ancient temples. Although the Greek
Parthenon is recognized as a temple, it is not truly known if the Roman Pantheon was a temple,
however, it is deemed as such (Cartwright, 2013). He also states the people of Greece were devoted
to the goddess Athena, even though the original statue has been lost over time. Consequently, if
there are any specific gods and goddesses in reference to the Pantheon, they are not given, or maybe,
not known today; speculation appears to go from one end of the spectrum to the other. The
Etymology dictionary (n.d.) does suggest it is possible, pan meaning "all" + theios meaning "of or
for the gods." Each was built using one of the classical orders of architecture and a well–known
structure of their time. According to resources given, both were not the original structures; each one
is the third one of its kind to be built at, or near, the current site. Both are considered a tourist mecca
in modern times. The history and heart of the structures lie in their differences. There are three types
of classical orders in Greek architecture, namely Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Although both have a
Classical

Essay On The Pantheon
The Pantheon introduction This essay will show you the development of architecture over the years,
and the influence it has had on modern day design. The influence this design has had from 2000
years ago, on our modern day designs is shown in the follow extracts. We will also look at how the
design and architecture of the pantheon had an influence on the buildings that were built at a later
stage through time. The Pantheon is a circular building with a portico of large granite columns after
2000 years the dome of the pantheon is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome which
caused that many builders and architects studied the dome to reconstruct and build buildings with
the same techniques. The pantheon is one of the world's best preserved ancient architectural
monument buildings situated ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cassius Dio a Roman senator who wrote in Greek said it could be possible that the name Pantheon
is not actually the buildings real name but merely a nickname. He also speculated that the name
derives from all the god status that was located around the building or the resemblance of the dome
to the heavens. Interior The Pantheon could be the first building where the interior outshined the
exterior. The entrance, and has two bronze doors. The doors measure at 12m x 7.5 m. The dome has
a diameter of 43.2m and is an exact perfect sphere. There is a skylight on the top of the dome that
opens to the sky and is 8.8 m in diameter. The walls are 6m thick. Later History The building went
through many historic events. The Pantheon survived really well, In earlier years its existence as a
church ( 608 BC) gave itself protection from being destroyed or damaged by wars and human
tragedies as it was considered a sacred building. The strong influence of Christianity in these years,
gave this building its human protection

Pantheon Odyssey
Next, we have the Pantheon a wonderful temple in Rome which is now a church called Santa Maria
ad Martyres. The Pantheon was built in 27–25 B.C. by magistrate, Marcus Agripa to commemorate
the victory of Actium over Antony and Cleopatra. Unfoaryanty, the original temple burned down in
80 AD and it was restored between 193–211 by emperor, Septiums and Caracalla. Later, when
Christianity replace paganism in Rome, the temple was give to Pope Boniface IV 608 AD. The
Pantheon was the first to be Christianized in Rome. The Pantheon is 142 ft. wide and 142 ft. in
height it is shaped as a sphere sitting on a cylinder. The place is resting in a solid ring wall while the
outside is covered in cantilevered brick. The porch is made of 16 monolothic Corinituan

Structural Design Of Domical Architecture During The...
This essay will look into the structural design of domical architecture in the Imperial Roman Era.
Investigating the materials, construction techniques and critically analyzing the way in which these
entities come together to form a seamlessly self–supporting structure. The domes which will survey
a breadth of this structural scale will be mainly focused on The Pantheon (AD117–138), and
supplementary to my argument, Hadrian's Villa (117A.D..) and Thermae Trajan (Baths of Trajan –
104 A.D.) each dome possessing a Roman formula for its construction, which will be discussed in
this essay
"The nature of the universe which stilleth the centre and moveth all the rest around hence doth begin
as from its starting point
And this heaven hath no other where that the Divine mind" Dante Alighieri, Paradiso, Canto XXVII,
106–110
David Stephenson suggests that Dante's rendition of the journey towards the nine heavenly circles of
Empyrean heaven is immortalized on earth as the ultimate heavenly sphere –The Ideal Roman
Dome, beyond its structural walls and beyond the oculus brings us closer to the sacred world of the
gods.
According to Stephenson, the Dome in Imperial Roman society originated from small–scale
domestic occupancy, its typology imitating the undulations of the curved and round natural
landscape. However, as population increased so too did the structural considerations, increasing
dome size towards a civic scale, which could house public activities and sacrificial

Short Essay On The Pantheon
The Pantheon, whose name derives from the ancient Greek and means "common to all the gods":
Pan means "all", and Theon means "gods", is the best preserved building from ancient Rome. Its
magnificent dome is a lasting testimony to the genius of Roman architects and as the building stands
virtually intact. The purpose of the building is not known for certain but rather the name, porch and
pediment decoration suggest a temple or something to that affect. Be that as it may, no faction is
known not of the divine beings thus the Pantheon may have been outlined as a place where the
emperor could show up in a setting which helped spectators to remember his heavenly status,
measure up to with other gods of the Roman Pantheon and his idolized emperor antecedents. ...
The first building was destroyed by a fire in 80 CE and the second building was struck by lightning
in 110 CE and again burned to the ground. The third building of the Pantheon was presumably
started during the rule of Trajan (98–117 CE) yet not at long last completed until around 125 CE
when Hadrian was emperor. Following Hadrian's standard practice of dedicating rebuilt structures
and monuments to pay tribute to the first dedicator, the Pantheon is committed to Marcus Agrippa
and the noticeable inscription on the porch façade examines: "M. AGRIPPA L. F. COS TERTIUM
FECIT" (Marcus Agrippa, child of Lucius, three–time consul, made this). Beneath the main
inscription is a smaller one demonstrating the restorations carried out by Septimius Severus and
Caracalla in 202 CE and peruses: "pantheum vetustate corruptum cum omni cultu restituerunt" (with
each refinement they restored the Pantheon, worn by

Truly Experience The Pantheon Of Ancient Rome
Truly Experience the Pantheon The Pantheon happens to be the best preserved building from the
times of Ancient Rome. Its large dome is an everlasting testimony to the architectural genius of the
Romans and the building still remains basically in tact and offers a unique opportunity for many
visitors to journey back in time to 2,000 years ago and experience the Roman glory. Atmosphere and
Interior As you make your way towards the bronze doors, and walk under the rectilinear porch, the
height and width of the building will fill your vision completely. You have plenty of room to move
around and how you see in this area. The rotunda happens to be one of the most remarkable features
that the Pantheon has, it was the biggest domed structure until 1912. The interior of the Pantheon is
more dramatic and stunning in comparison to its exterior. When you walk inside, you are bombarded
with various colours of light that reflect off of a variety of surfaces. The alcove that is just opposite
the door, is the most impressive and it touches the ceiling. It has decorative cornice and red
porphyry frieze as well as being flanked by Corinthian marble columns in a Phyrgian purple. Each
of the alcoves will have two columns in either Numidian yellow or Phyrgian purple. Each of the
alcoves also have three small areas for statues that is surrounded by seven other windows that are
located on the rotunda walls. Due to the use of concrete, the idea was that the architecture would be
able to be a

Ancient World Civilizations And Modern Architecture...
Ancient World Civilizations –Ancient and Modern Architecture Assignment: The Pantheon Porch in
Rome and the Wentworth Hall Entrance
Wentworth Institute of Technology was founded by Arioch Wentworth in 1904 by selling his estate
after he died on March 12, 1903. The main purpose of Arioch creating this building was to furnish
education in the mechanical arts for many young men and train them in various skills to prepare for
success in the future. On the other hand, the Pantheon in Rome was introduced originally as a
temple dedicated to all the deities of pagan Rome. It was eventually sanctified and made into a
Christian church in the later century. When taking a closer look at the Wentworth Hall and
comparing it to the Pantheon Porch, some ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout this comparison, I wish to discover the characteristics shared by both the Wentworth
Hall and Pantheon and the special meanings behind these two old buildings.
The history of the Pantheon project was originally from the emperor Augustus and built by the
architect Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. During the reign of the Roman emperor Titus, in approximately
80 A.D, the Pantheon temple was burned down in a fire. Eventually, the third Roman emperor
Domitian of the Flavian dynasty rebuilt a new temple there, but this one was also destroyed in a fire
in 110 A.D. Around 120 A.D Roman period, King Hadrian rebuilt the third Pantheon in a more
modern style and this is the temple we have today. Apollodorus of Damascus, who was an architect
designer during that period of time, assisted King Hadrian in rebuilding the best preserved Roman
monument, the new Pantheon. The reconstruction of this project started soon after Hadrian became
emperor and it was probably completed by 125 A.D. To honor Agrippa, Hadrian left a message over
the door written in early Greek. Hadrian mentioned that he was the originally creator who had built
the temple.
The Pantheon building has had just a tremendously complex architectural history. When they built
the Pantheon around 120 A.D, the skilled architects applied advanced engineering technology in

Why Is Hadrian Important
Hadrian
Emperor Hadrian was the 14th Emperor of Rome between 117–138 CE, Hadrian is also known as
the 3rd of 5 good emperors. Born in Hispania like Trajan Hadrian came into power as an Emperor
after being adopted by Trajan's wife. Historians believe that one reason for the adoption was the
ethnicity that Hadrian and Trajan shared. At an early age Hadrian like Trajan joined the army and
became a tribune under the command of emperor Nerva. When Nerva died Trajan took the throne
and when Trajan died Hadrian took the throne. Hadrian's popularity in Rome was attested as
Hadrian spent the better part of his reign absent from Rome. Professor D. Brendan Nagle writes, "
Hadrian spent most of his reign (twelve out of twenty–one years) traveling all over ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first and second pantheons were burnt down and the current one has lasted till current day. The
whole building stands at a high of 7 m not including the 1.3–meter high base. The base is made out
of steps made out of Numidia yellow marble, which shows Rome's wealth that they could to import
such an expensive resource and put it one, the floor. The Pantheon is made up of 2 rooms, the porch
and the rotunda that is the main body of the structure. The porch follows a very classical geek style
where as the rotunda is more reminiscent of the roman public bathhouses. The rotunda is made of
brick and the roman concrete that was then faced with white marble stucco to match the porch in
appearance. The dome roof covering the rotunda is also made of roman concrete and then covered
with bronze sheets that were removed in 663 CE by Constans 2nd. The Bronze roofing showed the
importance of this building since all other buildings in Rome had roofs made of tiles. The measures
33 by 13.6 m and presents the building with a colonnade of 8 Corinthian columns that tower 11.8 m
high. The column shafts are made of grey granite and with the pediments and capitals made of white
marble. This really shows how Rome cannot only get such rich resources but can also the reach
Rome has to get all the different types of stone for this construction. The porch has a faced of
Pentalic marble and is decorated with religious

Artemis: The Art Of The Temple Of Artemis
Temple of Artemis is known as temple of Diana. It's a Greek temple which was devoted to the
goddess Artemis. Designed by the architect Ctesiphon . Situated near the ancient city of Ephesus.
Currently, near the modern city of İzmir, in Turkey.
It's one of the seven wonders in the world
The word pantheon refers to all gods. It is one of the oldest standing structures in Rome and its one
of the greatest features of Roman architecture. The reason behind that it was used for several
functions throughout history. Nowadays its used as a Catholic church. It's known for its dome
structure. The temple was finished in 125 AD. The actual architect is still not known but it is
assigned to the Roman emperor Hadrian.
The White Temple was constructed in what is known now as Ancient Near East. It's ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Looking at the temple from outside you can clearly see that the façade contains mainly of the
pediment supported by entablature and columns.
The columns witch are Ionic for this temple, are carved with sculptures in high–relief at their lower
portions
The pediment was decorated with mythical figures, sculpted in high relief.
The plan shows the rectangular stylobate which is the level where the columns stand it's width is
23.46 m and length 49 m.
The temple is dipteral octastyle. To clarify, It has two rows of columns (which are referred to as a
dipteral colonnade) surrounding the temple and eight columns on the front and rear.
At the center of the temple, there was a rectangular inner chamber or cella. It's also divided into
three spaces.
The Temple of Artemis was all made of marble. It was constructed on marshy ground in order to
prevent it from the earthquake danger.
The column drums and architraves were moved from the quarry by suiting them on large wheels and
then, like rolling axles, pulled by oxen.
Earthen ramps were employed to get the heavy stone beams settled on top of the

The Dome Of The Rock : The Pantheon And Dome Of The Rock
The Pantheon is an iconic part of architecture, particularly in the mediterranean. Constructed in
Imperial Rome, the Pantheon was an incredible piece that forever influenced the basics of
architecture. A similar piece, contemporary to the Pantheon, would be the Dome of the Rock. Found
in Jerusalem, the Umayyad caliph built the shrine in the seventh century to serve a function as an
Islamic shrine. Being the oldest extant Islamic monument known to man, the Dome of the Rock is
sacred to both the Muslim and jewish religions.While being in completely different cultures, the
Pantheon and the Dome of the Rock share numerous similarities varying from their functionality to
the characteristic style of the domes. The most obvious similarity would be that of the protruding
domes the two buildings possess. While they do have similar shape, they are constructed differently
according to the style of the area. The Pantheon, for example, consists of stone and concrete, as
opposed to the Dome of the Rock, which consists of a gilded wooden dome. With a central diameter
of 142 feet, the Pantheon is actually the world's largest unsupported dome. The romans had to
design it with certain weight releases, such as the numerous coffers and the central oculus, in order
to keep the dome from collapsing on itself. Because of its shape, most of the weight is pushed down
and around the circumference of the dome. To keep it supported, thick concrete walls inside of the
Wilson 2 barrel were

Characteristics Of Understanding The Culture And Society...
"The mother art is architecture. Without an architecture of our own we have no soul of our own
civilization."
––Frank Lloyd Wright
Architecture is an important aspect of understanding the culture and society of any civilisation.
Today I will be looking what similarities and differences can be seen between the Minoan
architecture from 1900BC to 1150BC and the Roman architecture from 27BC to 180AD. I'll be
mainly focusing on the palaces of Knossos and Phaistos of Minoan, Crete and The Colosseum ad
the Pantheon of Rome.
The architecture of Bronze Age Crete seems to be defined by the archaeological discoveries of
Knossos, Phaistos, Maila, Zakros and Palekastro. These four palaces and one town are the only
major pieces of Minoan building from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Occupation continued in Knossos until 1200 BC when it was destroyed by fire, Knossos appears to
have been kept intact until the fire as a sort of headquarters while all the other palaces were
destroyed. The ruins we have today from discoveries made by Sir Arthur Evans in 1900 AD are the
remains from after the Palace of Knossos was burnt down. Knossos is a clear example of
monumental (of great importance or size) Minoan architecture.
There are several major courts that make up the Knossos palace; these include the large, rectangular
Central Court, the West Court, the West and East Wings, the theater, royal chambers, shrines and the
Throne Room. Like most Minoan buildings the Central Court seems to be the main focus of the
building. Stone was the primary building material, but also included a timber frame for flexibility.
Mortar linked the stones together and wood was used for all the columns, doors, windows and roofs.
The interior walls were plastered with clay and often had bright frescoes painted on them. The floors
were generally beaten down earth, but sometimes had small pebbles stuck into them. Lighting and
ventilation was primarily utilized through light–wells, vertical airshafts that ran the full height of the
buildings. Drainage was controlled through a series of terracotta pipes and stone ductwork. The
best–preserved section of this drainage system is below the East Wing. Polythyron doors are
common feature of Minoan palaces and Evans

Classical Architecture: Maison CarrÃ©e, Pantheon
Throughout history, great leaders have used the power of architecture to convey the fundamental
ideas that formed the base of their societies. Immense amounts of money, power and time have been
poured into monumental buildings over the centuries; testament to the importance humanity places
on grand symbols. Classical architecture is some of the most timeless and long lasting architecture
the world has ever seen. It has been the inspiration of thousands of buildings, long after the original
creators and civilizations passed..The practice of using classical architecture to reference the values
that classical architects used their buildings to represent several hundreds of years before was first
practiced by leaders such as the monarchy of Great Britain. At the height of their empire they
borrowed symbols from the emperors of ancient Rome; symbols to represent the glory of an
Imperial hand stretching over a collection of colonies. A contrasting example is Thomas Jefferson,
an aspiring architect who not only designed buildings for the new America, but the American
democracy with it. His architecture was representative of a collection of intellectual individuals
working together to create a just system of government. The classical buildings that symbolize these
styles of architecture, linked by the similar architectural features, are the Maison Carrée, Pantheon
and the Parthenon. Features that make the Maison Carrée distinctive include a deep portico, a
hexastyle design on

The Evolution Of Architecture And Architecture In Ancient...
From the beginning of time, architects and engineers alike have referenced past buildings and
structures and used them to influence new buildings and structures through the advancement of
time. Many of the new buildings retain styles that were used by their predecessors, while adding
slight modifications that the architect may think looks better, or better represents the thoughts of
their time. This is standard practice in the field of architecture and has been for many centuries.
Sometimes, the styles of one or a few people become timeless as they were so well thought out that
they remain applicable to different societies, cultures, and time periods, sometimes for thousands of
years. Little did the people in ancient Rome know, the Pantheon would become one of those
buildings. It was commissioned and designed during the transition period between BC and AD by
Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus, and was formally completed by the emperor Hadrian
in the year 126 AD. In the end of the 13th century, three men–Arnolfo di Cambio, Filippo
Brunelleschi, and Emilio De Fabris–began designing what was originally known as the Il Duomo di
Firenze but now referred to as the Florence Cathedral. Their goal was to design a massive basilica
that would replace and engulf the original church, complete with a massive dome which could likely
not have yet been possible if not for the Pantheon in Rome. As stated before, a lot of the original
designs of previous structures are kept, while

Analysis Of Interior Of The Pantheon, Roman By Giovanni...
Interior of the Pantheon, Rome (1734) is a remarkable painting by Giovanni Paolo Panini who is
best known for his prospects on Rome in which he focussed on the city's famous sites. His works
largely have a fancy and unreal adornment feature of capriccio themes. The Pantheon is a former
Roman temple which is now a church in Rome. It is one of the best preserved Ancient Roman
Buildings which is also popular for the geometric wonder that it is. It demonstrates the theory of 2:3
correlation between the volume of a cylinder and a sphere. The Pantheon being one of the main
tourist attractions in Rome, Panini's depiction of this architectural model is populated with a lively
mix of Romans and other foreign visitors who are visiting the Pantheon to admire the marvellous
architecture, chat, and to pray. Panini being a trained expert in theatrical design and architecture has
provided a larger view of the interiors of Pantheon than what is possible in real from a single point.
The viewpoint is intense while it faces the entrance. Panini's attempt to show the bright blue sky
through the oculus in the centre of the dome just adds to the magnificence of the painting. The
psychic line towards the sunlight creates a soft feeling that is not too harsh on eyes but directs the
vision to the right point. The ground is a terracotta–coloured layer that is reddish and contains
several translucent white pigments to provide a certain depth. The lines were incised using
straightedge into the

Religious Significance The Pantheon And The Dome Of The Rock
Kathryn Shim
November 24, 2015
Professor Moser
TA – Ginny Reynolds, Wednesday 5pm
The Religious Significance the Pantheon and the Dome of the Rock Convey
Architecture comes with many significant meanings, including religious significance. The Pantheon,
built from 118 to 125 CE in Rome, Italy, was a temple made to worship the Roman gods and
goddesses. This temple is one of the most important buildings both in history and architecture,
influencing many other monuments with its form, such as The Dome of the Rock. The Dome of the
Rock, built from 687 to 692 CE, was the first great Islamic building. Located in Jerusalem, it is a
shrine still very significant to many religions, such as Judaism and Christianity, today. Though not
resembling each other in appearance, these buildings are extremely similar, in terms of religious
meaning. The Pantheon and the Dome of the Rock, through their own distinctive form and similar
location backgrounds, illuminate religion as the most important factor in each society, as these
monuments symbolize a sense of unification throughout the city. The Dome of the Rock and the
Pantheon are constructed similarly. The Dome of the Rock was even influenced by the Pantheon,
built on a domed–central plan structure. While the two buildings look different in appearance, they
have similar forms. They both contain geometric structures. In the front, the Pantheon has a porch,
with a triangular top. Behind this porch is a cylinder base with a hemispherical dome

The Characteristics Of The Italian Architecture
Architecture is one of the most important parameters on the basis of which the culture and the
renaissance of the race or ethnic group can be judged. It is a true fact that architecture is one of the
best mirrors that reflects the true colors of the culture and the heritage of a group if people. Every
ethnic group that has an individual and strong character has definite architectural traits. The British
and the colonial rule lefts its own marks in their architecture, so did the Mughals and the Arabs. The
same also can be said about the Italian architecture. The Italian renaissance was the oldest cultural
movements that have been witnessed by the history of the world. Traits and reflections of this
revolution can be seen in the literature and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hence it can be said that this is a building that did have religious connotations in the ten
contemporary times. However the building does not exhibit any image or statute of the ancient
roman gods (Jones, 2014). Hence it is not clear that which are the specific gods to whom the
architecture or the building had been dedicated. The very look of the porch and the decorations of
the pediment also indicates at the fact that the building could have been used by the ancient kings to
call for assembles for meeting their special nobles or even a large crowd of the general masses. In
this context it can be said that the Pantheon did have social, cultural and also political importance
and implications. The pantheon is the first example of classic architecture. This is a building where
the interiors of the building have received more attention that the exterior of the building. It is a fine
specimen of ancient roman architecture that has been influenced by the Greek architecture to a great
extent. The yellow marble that has been applied to the outer steps is a fine example of Greek
influence on the designs and the layout of the temple (MacDonald, 2002). Ravages of

What Is The Similarities Between The Parthenon And Roman...

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Alicia Johnson

More from Alicia Johnson (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

What Is The Similarities Between The Parthenon And Roman...