The document discusses the concepts of creativity, innovation, and identifying business opportunities. It begins by defining creativity as generating novel and high-quality ideas and innovation as converting opportunities into marketable products or services. It then outlines a 4-step process for identifying business opportunities: 1) identifying customer needs, 2) environmental scanning and self-analysis, 3) screening opportunities, 4) selecting an opportunity and creating a business plan. Later sections explore methods for generating creative ideas, different forms of innovation, and strategies for encouraging creativity and innovation in business.

1. Technopreneurship (WBB10102)

2. WHAT IS CREATIVITY?
Technopreneurship (WBB10102)

3. Technopreneurship (WBB10102)

4. WHAT IS INNOVATION?
Technopreneurship (WBB10102)

5. iPhone
iPad
Technopreneurship (WBB10102)

6. Learning Objectives
1)Identify, evaluate and select
business opportunity.
2) Describe the process of creativity.
3) Explain the types of innovations.

7. The chain of entrepreneurship
Creativity & innovation are the first stages of
successful entrepreneurial initiatives
Creativity
Innovation
Thinking New
Things
Doing New
Things
Entrepreneurship
Creating
value in the
marketplace

8. 3.1
Business Opportunity:
Identification, Evaluation
And Selection

9. Business is all about selling
a product or service
•
Every time something happens,
positive or negative, I ask myself,
WHERE is the OPPORTUNITY here?
•
How do you spot an opportunity?
Keep your eyes open all of the time

10. Business Idea and Opportunity
• A business idea starts with an opportunity.
• A business opportunity exists when there is
demand for goods and services to meet the
needs and wants of community.
• Changes in the environment create
opportunities; cultural, social, legal,
economy, political,& technology (C-SLEPT).

11. Illustrations – Environment
changes
• Good economic condition
– ↑ demand luxury cars, homes
• Increase number of working
couples
– ↑ demand maids, babysitter
• Introduction of ICT
– ↑ demand computers, repairs,
knowledge, spare parts

12. Process of Identifying, Evaluating
and Selecting Business Opportunity
Step 1
Step 1
Step 2
Step 2
Scanning the
Scanning the
environment
Identifying
environment
Identifying
the needs & evaluating of
the needs & evaluating of
self the
& wants of
self the
& wants of
community
customers
community
customers
Step 3
Step 3
Screening of
Screening of
business
business
opportunities
opportunities
Step 4
Step 4
Selecting a
Selecting a
business
business
opportunity
opportunity
& preparing a
& preparing a
business plan
business plan

13. Step 1: Identification of NEEDS &
WANTS of consumers
• Need – is something basic in life such as food,
drink, clothing and shelter.
• Want – is extension of need; craving for better
than the basic need.
– Need for food: Rice
– Want for food: Chicken Rice (Chicken Rice
Shop)
– Need for shelter: Renting a flat with 10
housemates
– Want for shelter: Renting a condo
• The better the economy of people, the more
business opportunities available for the
entrepreneurs.

14. • Human NEEDS and WANTS are unlimited.
• Next, translate the NEEDS and WANTS into
PRODUCTS or SERVICES.
• PRODUCTS – are physical forms e.g. car,
handphone, books.
• SERVICES – non-physical form, intangible
product e.g. cab service, telco network,
training.

15. Step 2: Environmental Scanning,
Self Analysis & Community Values
3 factors to be considered:
1) Environmental Scanning
- help identify business opportunities.
- 2 approaches:
i) Macro scanning
e.g. population, ethnics, average
income,
ii) Micro scanning
e.g. family size, Malay delicacies,
individual income.

16. Step 2: Environmental Scanning,
Self Analysis & Community Values
2) Self Evaluation
- to see what is available in oneself:
i) Experience
- match business with experience
e.g. engineer work with Public Work
Dept (JKR) will become a Civil Engineer.
ii) Knowledge & Skill
- do business on what he really
knows what to do e.g. Contractor must
not only knows how to manage his
business but also how to construct the
buildings.

17. Step 2: Environmental Scanning, Self
Analysis & Community Values
2) Self Evaluation (cont.)
- to see what is available in oneself:
iii)Financial situation
- business that is planned
to be implemented must match with
financial ability. E.g. Land owner can do
housing business.
iv) Interest
- select business based on
his interest e.g. a person with
gardening hobby can open nursery.
v) Networking
- good networking generate
business opportunity e.g. trading

18. Step 2: Environmental Scanning,
Self Analysis & Community Values
3) Values/Norms of the Community
- business opportunities need to be
coordinated with the religious’ and society’s
values or norms.
- Values and Norms = what is perceived as
useful and beneficial to the community.
- E.g. Incinerator in Kuala Langat, Nuclearpowered electricity generator, poultry farm
nearby residential areas.

19. Step 3: Screening of Business
Opportunities
• Legality:
- ensuring the business opportunity is a legal one.
- E.g. selling pirate DVD, imitate product e.g. Crocs.
• Degree of competition;
- choose business that is not monopolized.
- E.g. supplying Sugar
• Capital requirements:
- to identify sufficient funds to finance the business.
- E.g. own money, debt financing, FDI.
• Risks involved:
- expecting the potential uncertainties & considering
the percentage of success & failure.
- E.g. sell 2nd hand cars

20. 2 types of risks:
1) Business Risks:
Types of
Business Risks
Description
Examples
Risk that can be
transferred to
another party.
Insurance scheme that cover
fire, stolen stocks and accident
at work.
Controllable
Risks
Risk that can be
somewhat controlled
by an entrepreneur.
Cannot fully control the
situation involving market
expectations, labor turnover,
product quality & machine
breakdown.
Uncontrollable
Risks
Risk that cannot be
controlled by an
entrepreneur.
Economic downturn, natural
disaster e.g tsunami.
Transferable
Risks

21. 2 types of risks:
2) Financial Risks:
Types of
Business Risks
Description
Examples
Liquidity level
Low liquidity – problem of setting
Lack of stocks, too much cash
short term debt; Too high
in hand
liquidity – overspending.
Loan
Risk due to non-servicing of
financial loan.
Finance business through
bank’s loan – still have to pay
bank monthly despite no profit.
Credit
Risk when company give credit
facility to customers.
Buy on installment - potential to
be bad debt if not able to
recover from customer for a
long period of time.
Foreign
exchange
Risk due to increase or
decrease of foreign currency
rate.
Import/Export business – RM
foreign product expensive;
RM our product becomes
cheap => Profit Margin

22. Seeing Opportunities
• Simply understand that there is little
difference between obstacle &
opportunity
– able to turn both to their advantage
•The opportunities for potential
entrepreneurs are unlimited.
Technology is perhaps the
most dramatic force
shaping the marketing
environment.
Here, a herder makes a
call on his cell phone

23. Step 4: Selecting a business
opportunity and preparing a
business plan
• After fulfill step 1 to 3,
it is time for the entrepreneur to
select a business opportunity.
• Then to prepare the business
plan.

24. Summarize
Process of Identifying, Evaluating & Selecting
Business Opportunity
Step 1
Step 1
Identifying
Identifying
the needs
the needs
& wants of
& wants of
customers
customers
Step 2
Step 2
Scanning the
Scanning the
environment
environment
& evaluating of
& evaluating of
self the
self the
community
community
Step 3
Step 3
Screening of
Screening of
business
business
opportunities
opportunities
Step 4
Step 4
Selecting a
Selecting a
business
business
opportunity
opportunity
& preparing a
& preparing a
business plan
business plan

25. 3.2
Business Creativity

26. What is CREATIVITY??
“the ability to produce work
that is novel (i.e. original
and unexpected), high in
quality and appropriate (i.e
useful, meet expectations)

27. Process of Creativity
•
Compile all info/data.
•
Via reading, investigation
•
Try get rid of problems.
•
Generate creative ideas.
Ideas
•
Slowly formulating
solution.
Evaluation &
Implementation
•
Transform idea into
reality, then into business
activities.
Knowledge Accumulation
Incubation

28. Methods to Generate Creative Ideas
Brainstorming
Do It
Forced Analogy
Mind
Mapping

29. 3.3
Business Innovation

30. What is INNOVATION??
“the process by which
entrepreneurs convert
opportunities into
marketable ideas.”

31. •A new product or service
Business
Idea
•Enhancement of an existing product
•A new market for an existing product
•A new application for an existing product
•A source of grants or awards
•Better arrangements with suppliers
•Better promotion & advertising
•Greater efficiency of ordering
•New contact sources

32. Forms on Innovation
• Product Innovation: the changes in the things (product or
services) that an organization offers. E.g. new design of car, new
generation of aircraft A380.
• Process Innovation: the changes in the ways in which
product/services are created and delivered. E.g. JIT
Manufacturing.
• Position Innovation: the changes in context in which
products/services are introduced. E.g. Johnson & Johnson
product not only for babies, but also for adult.
• Paradigm Innovation: the changes in underlying mental
models which frame what the organization does. E.g. shift to lowcost- airlines, online insurance.

33. Are they the same???
3.1 Business Opportunity
3.2 Business idea
3.3 What is Innovation?
3.4 Strategies to Encourage Creativity & Innovation
Definition
Creativity
Ideas that improve
Efficiency/effectiveness
of a system
The generation of ideas that result in the
improved efficiency or effectiveness of a system.
Innovation
Turning ideas into
Marketable
Goods / Services
Process by which entrepreneurs convert
opportunities into marketable ideas. It is the
means by which they become catalysts for
change.

34. Types on Innovation
• Invention: the creation of a new product,
service, or process, often one that is novel or
untried.
• Extension: the expansion of a product,
service, or process already in existence.
• Duplication: the replication of an already
existing product, service, or process.
• Synthesis: the combination of existing
concepts and factors into a new formulation.

35. I have always been bored with just making money
I have wanted to do things; I wanted to build things
Walt Disney
GEN 2
Example :
Creativity & Innovation in
WAJA
PROTON
PERDANA
Source:
Kretiviti & InnovasiKAKS 2007 –
Datin Prof.. Madya Norlela Nuruddin
(MEDEC)Uitm,S.Alam
SATRIA
INNOVATION Experiences
WIRA
ISWARA
SAGA
Discuss in a group & present to the class

36. TARGET INDUSTRIES
WHERE
KNOWLEDGE
IS APPLIED
No of Techno
Aviation &
Aerospace
120
Biotech/
Bioprocess
No of Techno
75
Automotive
110
Medical &
Health Services
30
Marine
Engineering
75
Transport &
Logistics
40
ICT
Electrical &
Electronics
Oil & Gas
Building
Technology
295
170
50
35

37. Conclusion
3.1 Business Opportunity
3.1 Business Opportunity
3.2 Business Idea
3.2 Business Idea
3.3 What is Innovation?
3.3 What is Innovation?
3.4 Strategies to Encourage Creativity
3.4 Strategies to Encourage Creativity
and Innovation
and Innovation

38. FOR YOUR
PRECIOUS
ATTENTION