The Management Of A Patient With Compulsive Sexual Behavior

The Management Of A Patient With Compulsive Sexual Behavior
The management of a patient with compulsive sexual behavior requires an understanding of the
complete profile of the sexually compulsive or addicted patient. This treatment plan will summarize
the patients characteristics as revealed by Bill's case (page 31 from Clinical Management of Sexual
Addiction by Carnes and Adams) and their implications for treatment. Section I: DSM–V Diagnosis
(Dx) With the help of greater awareness of sexual exploitation and sexual misconducts more cases
of sexual compulsivity are brought into the attention of physicians. Therefore, the physician must
have a proper understanding of addictive and compulsive problematic sex in order to make
appropriate management decisions and in order to evaluate clinical approaches. Diagnosis Based on
the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V (DSM–V), the Dx option that best fits the case study is
Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder. This is because the patient has a history of sexual abuse, physical
abuse, and emotional abuse as stated in the case study (Helsel, 2008). Medical considerations If
sexual compulsion is present, the problem will not disappear without a specific therapy targeted to
address the issue. A wide range of such behaviors can be problematic, including extramarital affairs,
compulsive masturbation, use of prostitutes, and the use of strippers. In Bill's case, he justifies his
behavior as he feels he rescues these strippers (who work at his strip clubs) as codependent, but Bill
is also addicted
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Effects Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
The Effects of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children Ruthelis Charleston Kean University
The Effects of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in Children Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, mainly
known as OCD, is a type of anxiety disorder that causes consistent unwanted thoughts that intrude
upon the mind, which then precedes to compulsive behaviors which are unneeded actions that one
feels must be done over and over again in certain consistent ways (Hyman, 2003). This disorder
affects it's every person in many different ways. People with OCD have obsessions, most of the time
it is accompanied by an outward compulsion, but not always. When these obsessions are not
accompanied by a physical reflection of a compulsion, there are compulsive thoughts that are
brought to mind to get rid of the obsessions (Hyman 2003). OCD does not only affect adults, but it
can affect children and adolescents as well. In most recent years, this disorder has become more
common in children and adolescents. All children have negative thoughts and worries sometimes,
however children with OCD are unable to stop their unwanted thoughts and urges regardless of what
they do. Because of these obsessions, children with this disorder are more than likely to act upon
these disturbing thoughts and perform repetitive behaviors in an attempt to try to get these
continuous thoughts to stop. What causes these obsessions in children is yet to be determined,
although many studies

The Severity Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay
The severity of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is sometimes overlooked. With so many
people responding to their own quirks, "it's my OCD," or "I'm so OCD," it is hard to grasp the actual
concept of the illness. Rather than a false self–diagnosis, if a person believes he or she is suffering
from this disorder, he or she should seek out medical attention to receive a proper diagnosis. On top
of this, it is beneficial to become educated to get a further understanding of this condition. OCD is a
disorder that can be overcome with specific medications and other practices. OCD has many
apparent factors. The first component of OCD is that it is an obsession. According to an article titled
"Complementary medicines that may assist in managing obsessive compulsive disorder" from Gale
Student Resources in Context, sufferers of this disorder have recurring thoughts that interrupt their
daily routines. These are brought on by triggers. Everyone with this disorder has a different set of
triggers although there are some triggers that overlap. A lot of people with OCD share many
common obsessions, such as believing they are contaminated, fearing something bad will happen, or
feeling unsure if they have done something outrageous (Journal). Once triggered, a tremendous
amount of anxiety is experienced. At this point, the sufferer must do something to rid themselves of
this feeling. Now the sufferer feels obliged to partake in compulsive behaviors. Compulsions are the

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder, also known as OCD, is a psychiatric anxiety disorder that is
characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts along with repetitive behaviors. These unwanted
thoughts are called obsessions and the repetitive behaviors are called compulsions. Repetitive
behaviors such as hand washing, checking, counting, and cleaning are usually performed with the
hope of making these obsessive thoughts go away or even preventing them. These repetitive
behaviors are often referred to as 'rituals'. People with OCD perform these rituals to help deal with
the anxiety that the obsessions cause. These rituals only provide temporary relief for the person and
usually end up controlling their life. About one in every fifty adults have ... Show more content on
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On average, it takes seventeen years from the time OCD starts to obtain proper treatment for it. This
is usually for a number of different reasons. Some of the most common reasons being that people
with OCD are secretive about their symptoms and many healthcare providers not being familiar with
OCD or not trained in treating it. There have been no genes identified specifically for OCD,
although research shows that genes do play a part in the development of OCD. Development of
OCD during childhood runs in families. If one or both parents have OCD, there is a bigger chance
that the child will have OCD, but it is still a very low chance. Other than this, there is no proven
cause of OCD. Research shows that OCD is the result of problems with communication between the
front part of the brain and deeper structures. These two brain structures use the chemical serotonin
and low levels of serotonin is thought to be involved in OCD. Therefore, drugs that increase
serotonin levels often help with the symptoms of OCD. Another form of treatment for OCD is called
cognitive behavior therapy and has shown to be effective in both children and adults. This type of
therapy involves retraining your thoughts and routines so that the compulsions are no longer
necessary. This therapy usually exposes you to your fear or obsession and teaches you healthy ways
to deal with it. People with OCD

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Its Effect On Life
Obsessive–compulsive disorder, or OCD, involves anxious thoughts or rituals one feels and can't
control. . For many years, OCD was thought to be rare. The actual number of people with OCD was
hidden, because people would hide their problem to avoid embarrassment. Some recent studies
show that as many as 3 million Americans ages 18 to 54 may have OCD at any one time. This is
about 2.3% of the people in this age group. It strikes men and women in approximately equal
numbers and usually first appears in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. One–third of adults
with OCD report having experienced their first symptoms as children. The course of the disease is
variable. Symptoms may come ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Obsessions
Obsessions are unwanted ideas or impulses that repeatedly well up in the mind of a person with
OCD. These are thoughts and ideas that the sufferer cannot stop thinking about. A sufferer will
almost always obsess over something which he or she is most afraid of. Common ideas include
persistent fears that harm may come to self or a loved one, an unreasonable concern with becoming
contaminated, or an excessive need to do things correctly or perfectly. Again and again, the
individual experiences a disturbing thought, such as, "My hands may be contaminated –– I
must wash them" or "I may have left the gas on" or "I am going to injure my
child." These thoughts tend to be intrusive, unpleasant, and produce a high degree of anxiety.
Sometimes the obsessions are of a violent or a sexual nature, or concern illness. People with OCD
who obsess over hurting themselves or others are actually less likely to do so than the average
person. Obsessions are typically automatic, frequent, distressing, and difficult to control or put an
end to by themselves. With these reoccurring obsessions continuously being played in the sufferers
mind, they start performing repetitive acts that reassure them that their hands aren't dirty, or the gas
for the stove is turned of. This response to their obsession is called a compulsion.
Compulsions
In response to their obsessions, most people with

Overt Behavior Paper
Over the years I've noticed my brothers demonstrate several behaviors that I could include in this
paper. Behavior is defined as is any activity of an organism that can be observed or somehow
measured. (BOOK pg 4) There is a specific behavior I've observed my youngest brother, Jeremy do.
More specifically an overt behavior, a behavior that is observed by another person. This is when he
bites the skin off from around his fingers/fingernails. When asked why he bites his skin off, he states
he does this when he is bored. He says he does this to occupy his time, mostly when he feels there is
nothing else to do. I then asked when did he notice he did this particular behavior the most, his
answer was when he is playing baseball. He commented that ... Show more content on
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This is a bad and unhealthy habit that needs to be broken, I believe that trying several different
techniques could help in breaking this habit. I think the best way to see what is the best course of
action is to run multiple sets of trials using different techniques to assess if the behavior has
changed. There are countless numbers of experiments I would perform to try and break this habit,
such as; classical conditioning, both positive and negative operant conditioning, etc. to determine
the technique to use I must first decide which theorists I want to be. Either looking at this behavior
as a behavioral One of the first methods I would use is Pavlov's classical conditioning, which is
when a stimulus elicits a response because it is paired with another stimulus (pg.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay examples
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
"I know my hands are clean. I know that I have touched nothing dangerous. But... I doubt my
perception. Soon, if I do not wash, a mind numbing, searing anxiety will cripple me.
A feeling of stickiness will begin to spread from the point of contamination and I will be lost in a
place I do not want to go. So I wash until the feeling is gone, until the anxiety subsides. Then I feel
defeated. So I do less and less, my world becomes smaller and smaller and more lonely by the day"
(Healthy Place: OCD Community). The writer of this poem has a disease call Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In OCD, it is as though the brain gets stuck on a particular thought or
urge and just can't let go. OCD can persist ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A person with these constant thoughts understands that they are senseless, but ignoring them is very
difficult. For example, a person with an obsession about contamination might have a thought like
"Don't touch that door knob, it might spread a disease," or "My hands may be contaminated––I must
wash them." These types of persistent thoughts might enter a person's mind suddenly or very
gradually. The obsessions intrude into the consciousness of the person, disrupting their normal
thinking and behavior (Silvia 2).
These intrusions can only be banished by the performance of compulsive rituals.
Compulsions are repeated, purposeless, and elaborately time–consuming behaviors that are usually
performed in response to an obsession. The behaviors are an attempt to neutralize or prevent a
dreadful event from happening. Some common compulsions include excessive hand washing,
showering, checking, counting, and hoarding. Compulsions can be thoughts or physical behaviors
that may or may not be set to some self–imposed rules.
The person realizes that their compulsions are senseless and irrational, but do not stop because they
are worried about the consequences that may follow (Penzel 5). If ignored, compulsions can cause
serious panic attacks. But the sad thing about it is that doing the

Introduction
Begin your paper with the introduction. The active voice, rather than passive voice, should be used
in your writing. First discovered in the 19th Century, the neurosis of Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder is a complex disorder consisting of obsessive thoughts often accompanied by compulsive
behaviors that sufferers repeat in order to alleviate the anxiety caused by these thoughts.
Discovery
Prior to being seen as a legitimate mental health issue, OCD was originally thought to be a
consequence of unholy behavior. Although the discovery of the disorder cannot be narrowed down
beyond its major contributors, Sigmund Freud made major progress toward the understanding of the
illness in the beginning of the 20th century.
Symptoms
The known symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive disorder, as identified by the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, include those of both obsessions and compulsions, and as
such, may be categorized accordingly. The common symptoms of obsessions (defined as:
"uncontrollable, persistent thoughts, images, or impulses that an individual feels intrude upon his or
her consciousness and that cause significant anxiety or stress" (Butcher, Hooley, & Mineka, 2014),
include contamination, somatic obsessions, aggressive obsessions, sexual obsessions, multiple
obsessions, and pathological doubt. The common symptoms of compulsions (defined as: "repetitive
behavior behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels

McIngvale, E., Bakos-Block, C., Hart, J., & Bordnick, P....
McIngvale, E., Bakos–Block, C., Hart, J., & Bordnick, P. S. (2012) defines Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder (OCD) as a neurobiological illness characterized by unwanted thoughts and/or images
followed by repetitive rituals. About 5 million Americans live with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
OCD is a manageable illness when proper interventions are utilized. Treatment for OCD is limited
due to the lack of adequately trained professionals and the high costs of treatment.
Melvin Udall suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Berzoff (2011) states obsessions
are intrusive, recurrent, and persistent stereotypic thoughts, images, and ideas. They cause marked
anxiety and distress. The thoughts are not simply excessive worries about real–life ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Routine is a necessity for Melvin, if one thing in his normal routine is disrupted, whether it is people
eating at "his table," or the waitress that normally brings him his food is not at the restaurant he
becomes quite irritable. Melvin gets very uncomfortable and almost panicked in these situations and
often uses sharp–tongued insults in order to calm himself down, or to get his way. It is almost as if
Melvin has no regard for those around him, he is only concerned with himself. This is linked to the
disorder, the obsessive thoughts that he has can only be fixed by one thing, the daily compulsions
that he has in order to avoid some serious disaster that would occur if these daily rituals are not
completed. Melvin also will not walk on a crack or line in the sidewalk, again to avert from some
serious disaster occurring.
Melvin Udall suffers from OCD very prevalently in his life. No matter he is at home or outside, he
has the unwanted obsession thoughts of contamination all the time, and therefore engages in many
different kinds of compulsion behavior. It is not easy to assert his age of onset. However, we know
his occupation is writer who works at home and he has lived alone for many years. Probably the
symptoms of OCD showed up since he began his novelist career or maybe his symptoms happed
earlier during his young adulthood or adolescent even childhood. He had seen a counselor two years
ago. Therefore he is aware of his own

The Connection Between the Little Mermaid and Hoarding Essays
The Little Mermaid and her Connection with Hoarding
Melissa Legault
Abnormal Psychology
Anthony Smith
April 30, 2013
Most children grow up watching Disney movies. It might be shocking to hear that a Disney princess
may suffer from a psychological disorder. In Walt Disney's movie The Little Mermaid, I think the
main character Ariel suffers from disposophbia, also known as hoarding. Obsessive–compulsive
disorder/hoarding has always interested me. These people take collecting to an unhealthy level. Ariel
is the perfect example of a Hoarder.
Hoarding is not currently considered an illness on its own right. Compulsive hoarding has been
treated as symptom or subtype of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Cluttergone). ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
"This box is where I keep my toenail clippings and hairballs." This quote from the movie supports
my reasoning for her unnecessary collection of useless things. As the movie goes on you can see her
huge collection of useless gadgets and other random things. She clearly has no intent in getting rid
of any of it. In a few years she collects a huge amount of junk and stores it where nobody else can
find it. In the book Stuff: Compulsive Hoarding and the Meaning of Things, the difference between
just collecting and hoarding is that, "When people collect things, they typically want to display them
to other people.... Hoarders want to keep things hidden because of the shame they have (Frost)." She
creates an emotional attachment to every object she finds, which is another common problem among
hoarders. They will find sentimentality in random, worthless items. Ariel's hoarding also interferes
with her normal life. She ditches her father by hunting for trash instead of going to a concert she
promised to attend. One of the main side effects of disposophobia is obsessing over the collection at
the expense of daily obligations.
The word hoarding was originally used to describe the behavior of animals storing food for future
use, and then moved into use as a descriptor of human behavior. There are also different types of
hoarders. These include Clinical compulsive hoarding, OCD or perfectionist hoarding, animal

Food Addiction
Addiction is a dependence on a substance in which the affected individual feels powerless to stop.
Millions of Americans have addictions to drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and even to behaviors such as
compulsive gambling and shopping. Our recent studies suggest that millions of Americans are
addicted to food, as well. An average American is bombarded daily with random propaganda to try
to sell what some would consider "perfection". Most American citizens try to emulate those fictional
characters in celebrity magazines. The truth is a lot of those pictures are air–brushed and some of the
individuals have had extensive cosmetic surgery and other medical procedures done to look that
way. This media manipulation is the main cause for the many ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This leads to forced vomiting, misuse of laxatives and fasting. The medical complications include
cardiac arrhythmias, esophageal tears, electrolyte disturbances, gastrointestinal problems, and dental
problems. If not treated these complications, like anorexia complications, could become life
threatening. The treatment involved is not as extreme as for the anorexic because the patients are not
as secretive. For this reason there is hardly a need for hospitalization, though if the binging and
purging are at an extreme and patients experience other psychiatric symptoms like thoughts of
suicide, it may be recommended. The first step is usually psychotherapy for counseling. A lot of the
patients benefit greatly and fully recover from this treatment. It tackles issues like mood swings and
substance–related disorders. Support groups have been installed to help the patients to overcome
their disorders. If this treatment is not enough pharmacotherapy is used as well. Antidepressants
have been successful in helping patients suffering from symptoms of bulimia.
The third type of food addiction is Compulsive Overeating. The general compulsive eater consumes
food for reasons other than hunger. The sad fact is American citizens are going through an obesity
epidemic. In fact, one in every four American adults is obese. The main reasons for the epidemic are
the consumption of unhealthy

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )
Abstract
This paper will distill information from the four articles provided to provide a more thorough
understanding of the effects Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder, otherwise known as OCD, has on an
individual. The paper will explain and interpret the link between obsession and compulsion that is
characteristic of being diagnosed with OCD. In addition, this paper will describe the impact having
this disorder can have on an individual in their day to day lives. This paper will clearly articulate
exactly what the definition of having OCD is and how often it is self–diagnosed in error. In addition,
the paper will provide symptoms along with real world examples of how these symptoms would
manifest themselves in the real world. The paper will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The primary intention when writing this paper is to clearly articulate how chronic and severe OCD
is for those with the diagnosis and to help to remove the stigma and embarrassment associated with
it (Pittenger, C., et al 2005, November). To begin to understand this disorder, one must look to the
historical origins of it. In the 1600s, having symptoms of OCD were perceived as symptoms of
melancholia, a form of severe depression. For hundreds of years, OCD went misunderstood and
undiagnosed. It was not until the beginning and middle of the 20th century that two figures brought
OCD to the level of understanding and diagnosis that we have as a combined disorder today (Karr,
L. J. 2010, August 29). These two men were Sigmund Freud and Pierre Janet, both pillars of the
modern psychology. While these men disagreed about the causes of compulsive behaviors and
obsessions, they created a better understanding of OCD through their theories and research. This
paved the way for the research done by future psychiatrists and mental health professionals into the
relationship between anxiety, obsessions, and compulsive behavior.
Symptoms/Diagnosis Criteria Obsessive–compulsive disorder can be best understood as a combined
disorder, because individuals afflicted with it experience symptoms of both obsession and
compulsion. The obsessions are the feelings that intrude on an

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd ) And All The...
The story is an intriguing tale that I would argue explicates and profoundly depicts the different
dynamics associated with the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and all the corresponding
tendencies that exacerbate the anxiety. The main character, Mr. Melvin Udall's behavior and actions
speaks volume about the debilitating effects of the disorder. He seems to constantly have unwanted
and intrusive thoughts that can't seems to get out of head, making him obsessed with it, Example the
constant irrational worry about dirt at home, in the restaurant, on the streets so as to not come in
contact with germ, virus or disease, and excessive concerns with order, arrangement, or symmetry,
as well as Feeling overly responsible for the safety of others a distasteful religious and sexual
thoughts or images. The anxiety that is developed as a result of the above tendencies that compels
him throughout to repeatedly perform ritualistic behaviors and arrangements, such as cleaning,
repeatedly washing of his hands and one occasion bathing for hours, while Helen, the waitress
waited for him to go a date, clearing demonstrating the compulsion that is too often difficult to
control, even though it appears irrational. It must be said that this compulsive aspect of the
symptoms tend to help him mitigate or ease the anxiety that persist. So in a narrow sense the
compulsive behavior serves as a positive remedy or coping strategy, but generally it is irrational

Definition Of Behavior Modification : Obsessive Compulsive...
 Definition of Behavior modification : "Behavior modification is the field of psychology
concerned with analyzing and modifying human behavior, analyzing means identifying the
functional relationship between environmental events and a particular behavior for understanding
the reasons of behavior or to determine why a person behaved as he or she did, modifying means
developing and implementing procedures to help people change their own behavior, It involves
altering environmental events so as to impacts behavior, behavior modification procedures are
developed by professionals and used for change socially significant behaviors, with the goal of
improving some aspect of a person's life following are some characteristics that define believer
modification"  Indication: 1. Obsessissive–compulsive behavior (OCD) : Obsessive–Compulsive
Disorder (OCD) is a common, chronic and long–lasting disorder in which a person has
uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts and behaviors that he or she feels the urge to repeat over and
over 2. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): It is a brain disorder, marked by an
ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity–impulsivity that interferes with functioning or
development. Inattention means a person wanders off task, lacks persistence, has difficulty
sustaining focus and disorganized and these problems are not due to defiance or lack of
comprehension. Hyperactivity means a person seems to move about constantly, including in

Essay On Drug Addiction In America
Addiction is a dependence on a substance in which the affected individual feels powerless to stop.
Millions of Americans have addictions to drugs, alcohol, nicotine, and even to behaviors such as
compulsive gambling and shopping. Recent studies suggest that millions of Americans are addicted
to food, as well.
An average American is bombarded daily with random propaganda to try to sell what some would
consider "perfection". Most American citizens try to emulate those fictional characters in celebrity
magazines. The truth is a lot of those pictures are air–brushed and some of the individuals have had
extensive cosmetic surgery and other medical procedures done to look that way. This media
manipulation is the main cause for the many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Self–esteem is reliant upon body shape and weight. Physical implications may include disruption of
the menstrual cycle also known as amenorrhea, signs of starvation, thinning of hair or hair loss,
bloated, yellowish palms/soles of feet, dry and pasty skin. The risks that people take while indulging
in anorexia can also become physiologically and mentally damaging. There are several effective
treatments. One of which is hospitalization, this occurs when the weight loss is greater than 30% in
3 months time. Some other effects to be taken into consideration when hospitalizing a patient are the
risk of suicide and depression, severe binging and purging, and serious metabolic disturbance.
Therapy and counseling is used to help the patients with depression and family complications that
may have led to the state they're in. Clinical studies have not yet identified a medication that could
improve the core symptoms of anorexia.
Bulimia Nervosa is the diet–binge–purge cycle. It is an illness that is mostly found in young
females. This cycle involves a strict diet, uncontrollable eating and then unhealthy strategies to get
rid of the food and therefore the guilt. This addictive eating disorder is based on guilt. The
individual tends to under–consume and thereby becoming very hungry. Once the individual gives in
and allows one's self to eat, the person begins to over–eat. After finishing the large quantities of
food, the individual begins to feel immense

Ocd Poem
This poem is a monolog and the poet is alone narrating the whole story as the speaker. The poem is
about a man diagnosed with OCD who falls in love with a woman. The influence of this incident in
the speaker's life soon becomes evident as he says "The first time I saw her... Everything in my head
went quiet. All the ticks, all the constantly refreshing images just disappeared." Eventually, however,
the woman starts ignoring what she used to love about the speaker's behavior: "Some mornings I'd
start kissing her goodbye but she'd just leave cause I was just making her late for work..." In the end,
the woman decides that the speaker is "taking up too much of her time." She leaves and starts
"sleeping at her mother's place". The climax of the story ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are certain arguments about the ending of the story, however. He shows his hopelessness
when he says "I want her back so bad... I leave the door unlocked. I leave the lights on". Some say
the ending indicates the speaker's hopefulness of returning his love because he wants her back "so
bad" so he starts fighting OCD's compulsive behavior: "I leave the door unlocked. I leave the lights
on." Others, on the other hand, indicate that OCD is an anxiety disorder where the diagnosed person
cares too much about everything and this might lead to deep depression where they do not care
about anything at all. Therefore the person diagnosed with OCD is constantly living and struggling
with the thought of caring too much and not caring at all. Hilborn has beautifully shown this conflict
with showing the last three lines together. According to Aristotle the utmost importance of a plot is
in its ability to arouse emotions in the audience's psyche. This open–ended closing leaves the
audience thinking and deciding about speaker's

The following is a case study of a male client, Carl Landau, who suffers from an anxiety disorder. In
particular, obsessive compulsive disorder. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are unnecessary
thoughts that tend to be obsessions that lead to repetitive behaviors, also known as compulsions. It is
characterized by irrational thoughts and fears that can lead to compulsive behaviors. It often focuses
on topics such as the fear of germs or the want to place things in a specific manner. Individuals with
this disorder typically recognize that their obsessive behaviors and thoughts are illogical but even
so, they feel as if it is something that is uncontrollable. The client was diagnosed and given a
valuation with the aim of defining the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These symptoms included including excessive washing and showering; ceremonial rituals for
dressing and studying; compulsive placement of objects he handled; grotesque hissing, coughing,
and head tossing while eating; and shuffling and wiping his feet while walking. Like a majority of
most cases these behaviors hindered with every aspect of his daily life and routine. Subsequently
two years later, he had isolated himself from his friends and family, stopped eating and even
declining to eat at times, and started to neglect his own look. His hair begun to grow longer and
longer due to not getting it cut for five years. While walking, he took small steps and scuffled his
toes while looking back, checking and rechecking his steps. Often, he would even run in place.
Seven weeks prior to Carl 's admission to the hospital, his behavior started to worsen where it
became time consuming and debilitating that he would refuse to engage in any personal hygiene
activities because he had a fear that grooming and cleaning would become an issue from him being
able to study. Although, he used to shower on an everyday basis, he stopped brushing his teeth,
washing his hair, and even changing his clothes. Carl also started to become a turtle in his shell, and
leaving his room less. He started to use paper towels to release his waste on and using paper cups to
urinate in,

Hoarding Is a Real Disorder Suffered by Real People Essay
Many people know the television shows, Hoarding: Buried Alive, on TLC or Hoarders on A&E.
These reality TV shows feature hoarders and their families. The crews of the shows follow the
hoarder for a few days to study how hoarding affects their daily lives. A professional organizer and a
therapist are taken through the house to see what the hoarder collects. The houses are disgusting;
many times, there are rodents, cockroaches, stacks of paper and garbage everywhere. The audience
is shown interviews of the family members of the hoarder. The therapist and the professional
organizer help the hoarder and the family cope with the compulsive behaviors and make an attempt
the help the hoarder clear the house. Most times, at the end of the episode, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are many different types of hoarding including animal hoarding, bibliomania (hoarding of
books), syllogomania (hoarding of garbage), larder hoarding (hoarding of food), and more ("Types
of Hoarding").
Hoarding is thought to be a symptom of obsessive compulsive disorder, but some hoarders do not
have other symptoms of OCD ("Hoarding: Definition"). "Some estimate that that as many as 1 in 4
people with OCD also have compulsive hoarding. Recent research suggests that nearly 1 in 5
compulsive hoarder have non–hoarding OCD symptoms" ("The OCD Foundation: Hoarding Fact
Sheet"). The International OCD Foundation fact sheet states:
Compulsive hoarding includes all three of the following:
1. A person collects and keeps a lot of items, even things that appear useless or of little value to most
people, and
2. These items clutter the living spaces and keep the person from using their rooms as they were
intended, and
3. These items cause distress or problems in day–to–day activities. The International OCD
Foundation also says that signs of hoarding can be seen in the teenage years, but most people who
seek treatment for hoarding are around 50. Hoarding is a lifelong struggle. Most hoarders live by
themselves or with a family member who is also a hoarder. Severe hoarding cases are seen in one
out of every 50 people, but less severe problems are seen in one out of every 20 people ("The OCD
Foundation:

The Aviator Film Analysis
Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder that is associated with reoccurring
thoughts (obsessions) and uncontrollable thoughts that drives the patients to repeat something over
and over again. The Aviator movie is trying to depict this disorder through the character Howard
Hughes. The story captures the real–life experience of Hughes who was a successful filmmaker and
aeronautic engineer in Hollywood between 1920s and 1940s. He was both rich, talented and
notoriously eccentric. Hughes showed symptoms of OCD which were very severe and
incapacitating at some points. His conditions deteriorated progressively from bad to worst
throughout his lifetime, though in most parts of the film he is depicted as functioning relatively
normally. This paper will focus on Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder and how it has been depicted in
The Aviator movie through the character Howard Hughes. In a general view, Obsessive–Compulsive
Disorder is associated with obsessions and compulsions. The obsessions are recurrent thoughts,
fears, images, ideas, urges, and doubts. Patients suffering from this disorder often go through
fluctuating episodes of compulsion which are in response to an obsessive thought, such as arranging,
touching, repeatedly checking on something, and recurrent hand–washing. The patient experiences
repeated rise in anxiety from the obsessions, that compels them to indulge in their compulsions as a
form of relief (Brown University, 2013). Most of the patients suffering

Obsessive-compulsive Behaviors Essay
Obsessive–Compulsive Behaviors
"Compulsive" and "obsessive" have become everyday words. "I'm
compulsive" is how some people describe their need for neatness, punctuality, and shoes lined
up in the closets. "He's so compulsive is shorthand for calling someone uptight, controlling,
and not much fun. "She's obsessed with him" is a way of saying your friend is
hopelessly lovesick. That is not how these words are used to describe Obsessive–Compulsive
Disorder or OCD, a strange and fascinating sickness of ritual and doubts run wild. OCD can begin
suddenly and is usually seen as a problem as soon as it starts.
Compulsives (a term for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Senseless thoughts that recur over and over again appearing out of the blue; certain
"magical" acts are repeated over and over. For some the thoughts are meaningless like
numbers, one number or several, for others they are highly charged ideas–for example, "I have
just killed someone." The intrusion into conscious everyday thinking of such intense,
repetitive, and to the victim disgusting and alien thoughts is a dramatic and remarkable experience.
You can't put them out of your mind, that's the nature of the obsessions.
Some patients are "checkers," they check lights, doors, locks–ten, twenty or a hundred
times. Others spend hours producing unimportant symmetry.
Shoelaces must be exactly even, eyebrows identical to eachother. A case studied by the well–known
art therapist, Judith Aron Rubin, Rubin tells of a young girl named Mary, who suffers from OCD,
and how she drives her fellow waitresses frantic because she goes into a tailspin if the salt and
pepper she has arranged in a certain order has been moved around. All of the OCD problems have
common themes: you can't trust good judgment, you can't trust your eyes that see no dirt, or really
believe that the door is locked. You know you have done nothing harmful but in spite of this good
sense you must go on checking and counting.

INTRODUCTION
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder, which causes an individual to have intrusive
thoughts of a frightening or disturbing nature, which in turn may cause a person to do things
repeatedly. It is characterized by obsessive thoughts and/ or compulsive behaviors that significantly
interfere with normal life. Obsessions are unwanted, recurrent, and disturbing thoughts, which the
person cannot suppress, and which can cause overwhelming anxiety. They are not voluntarily
produced, but are experienced as events that invade a person 's consciousness. The person neither
wants nor welcomes them instead they usually resist them and will try to get rid of them (Desilva
and Rachman, 1992, pg. 8). Compulsions are repetitive, ritualized behaviors that compulsive rituals
can occupy many hours of each day (# 1OCD). The activity is not connected in a logical or realistic
way with what is intended to achieve or it may be clearly excessive. The person recognizes the
senselessness or irrationality of the behavior and does not derive any pleasure from carrying it out
although it provides a release of tension or a feeling of relief in the short term (Desilva and
Rachman, 1992, pg. 9). OCD usually begins in adolescence or young adulthood and is seen in as
many as 1 in 200 children and adolescents.
Many children have mild obsessions and compulsions at some time, for example, having to organize
their toys in a special way or saying goodnight a certain number of times. It may

The Randomized Trial Of Function- Based Cognitive...
In the study "Preliminary Randomized Trial of Function– Based Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy to
Treat Obsessive Compulsive Behavior in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder" by the Focus
on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities journal, groups of eight to twelve–year–old
children with high functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder are assessed. All of these children, in
addition to the diagnosis of autism, exhibit the challenging behavior of obsessive compulsions, also
known as OCB. Although none of the children have an Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder diagnosis,
they exhibit many of the behaviors, and it often interferes with learning. There is little research
about effective intervention strategies for OCB. In this study, in a preliminary trial, function–based
cognitive–behavior therapy (Fb–CBT) consisting of psychoeducation and mapping, cognitive–
behavioral skills training, exposure, and response prevention, as well as function–based behavioral
assessment, is used to combat the challenging behaviors of OCB. The results of the study indicated
that the challenging behaviors decreased with these intervention strategies. A functional behavior
assessment involves determining why a student is exhibiting challenging behaviors. A function–
based approach would draw information from several sources to develop this hypothesis. Cognitive–
behavior therapy is a type of psychotherapy that helps to redirect unhelpful thinking and to change
behavior. Therefore, a function–based

Essay about Case Study: Melvin Udall from "As Good as It...
The Case of Melvin Udall: Melvin Udall suffers from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Melvin
sticks to the same routine every day in order to not upset himself, if one thing goes wrong in that
daily routine, Melvin's entire day seems to be ruined to the point where he cannot function well.
Melvin is afraid of the germs that are all around him. He does not enjoy being touched in any way,
or by anyone, whether it is a stranger walking down the street or a friend, of which Melvin does not
have many. Melvin always enters his house and turns around to lock the door, which he counts as he
does, turning the lock five times before he is certain that he will avoid any danger that might come if
he does not fulfill these rituals; he has the same ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This condition has a considerable effect on Melvin's life, not only do these numerous compulsive
behaviors take up a lot of time in his life, the reactions that he's, including his disregard for others
and the insults that he throws at people portray him as a mean and stubborn man; which leaves him
quite lonely with no friends. Melvin sought treatment into his disorder from a psychiatrist, for which
he was prescribed medication to help him. He finds it hard to take the medication, which is in pill
form, again an unrealistic worry that he will choke on the pill or not be able to swallow it, and
subsequently die from the whole ordeal. Melvin is not a very open person about his disorder; he
seemingly finds it hard to talk about what it really is that makes him do and say the things that he
does. Melvin does find motivation for his treatment in the form of love. He finds that it is easier to
take his medication when he is in the company of Carol; the waitress that brings him is breakfast
daily. The thought of being with her soothes Melvin's need for the compulsions in his life; he is
more at ease when he is with her. Melvin unknowingly at first does not feel the need to fulfill his
compulsions when he forgets to lock his door, counting it five times, when he returns to his
apartment one night. He also finds himself being able to do things, such as stepping on the lines and
cracks in

Inhibitory Control Essay
Often thoughts and actions that are not wanted appear, and we have the ability to suppress these in
order to control our own behaviour to conform to social norms or achieve current goals. This is
inhibitory control. There are many populations whose inhibitory control in impaired. This essay will
explain the define inhibitory control . and how it has been measured previously. It will then go on to
explore two populations which have been found to have impaired inhibitory control. Starting with
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and then Tourette's Syndrome (TS), both populations of
which have been found that the ability to inhibit motor responses differs from those in typical
populations.
In psychology inhibitory control (IC) is defined as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
TS is distinguish by 'tics' which are automatic, unwanted and repetitive movements or vocal outburst
that include gruntings, shouting words or body jerks. Similarly to OCD it affects around 1 in 100
people. It is linked to pathways in the frontal lobes, where IC is associated with, and the Basal
Ganglia being dysfunctional and therefore resulting the activity in the basal ganglia which sends
signals through the nervous system to move parts of the body. One thing to note with TS is that the
tics can be inhibited however suppressing the is difficult for an individual that suffers with ts and
their efforts to suppress their tics often fail. In 2004, Serrien conducted a study on motor inhibitions
in sufferers of TS. the participants consisted of those that suffered with TS and a control group. The
participants with TS took part in a clinical assessment in order to confirm and measure their TS.
During all tasks in this study an EEG was taken and this is what was compared in the
results.Participants took part in a Go/NoGo task as a way of measuring the control over motor
inhibitions. During the task participants with TS were asked to try to control their tics. The
Go/NoGo task consisted of two stimuli, either an arrow pointing left or right. There was a fixation
cross in the middle of the screen and every time and arrow appeared on either side of the cross
during the test. The

Essay about Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive Compulsive...
Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
It has long been recognized that there are similarities between Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
(OCD) and Anorexia Nervosa. These similarities lie in the symptoms of the disorder. Many patients
of both diseases report intrusive, fearful thoughts, a compulsive need to perform rituals, and an
obsession with maintaining these rituals. In the case of anorexia nervosa these behaviors center on
food and thinness whereas in OCD they are of a more general type.
Past research has indicated that there is a higher prevalence rate for OCD among anorexia nervosa
patients then in the normal population. The lifetime prevalence for OCD has been found to be
around 3%. Conversely, the comorbidity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Anorexia is also defined by a distorted body image. This is harder to define but the patient usually
experiences an intense fear of gaining weight. There is also a distorted way in which the body is
viewed. Patients that have lost more than 85% of their body weight still feel that they are too heavy
and must continue to lose.
There are two subtypes of anorexia. The binge eating/ purging subtype does not seem to be linked to
the ritualistic behavior of OCD. The restricting subtype is the one that has been found to have a high
comorbidity with OCD. This subtype involves restrictive behavior to lose weight. The subject
restricts their food intake and does not misuse laxatives or diuretics.
The treatment for anorexia has usually been counseling. Sometimes the starvation is so bad that the
patients must be hospitalized and fed intravenously or through a nasogastric tube. When they are
well enough, counseling is begun. This may be individual or family therapy. The treatment process
usually spans several months to several years.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
"OCD patients have a pattern of distressing and senseless thoughts or ideas– obsessions– that
repeatedly well up in their minds. To quell the distressing thoughts, specific patterns of odd
behaviors– compulsions– develop." (Gee & Telew, 1999)
The patients are usually aware that their thoughts are irrational but that does not stop them from
experiencing the anxiety

Case Study Of Lady Macbeth
In the case of Lady Macbeth, I believe her diagnosis is 300.3 F42 Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder.
Per the DSM–V, OCD is characterized by obsessions such as persistent thoughts and urges that are
intrusive and unwanted and cause high levels of anxiety or stress. The individual often attempts to
ignore the thoughts by performing other actions or compulsive behaviors. Compulsions are
characterized by repetitive behaviors performs in response to the obsession, these compulsions are
meant to reduce the anxiety or stress but these are not realistically connected. The obsessions and
compulsions are very time consuming and are not due to substance use or other mental health
disorder such as GAD.
In the case of Lady Macbeth, she states that she ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She spend immense amount of time engaging in these behaviors to the point that it hinders her
ability to do anything else. Although people with phobias can engage in compulsive or avoidant
behaviors, as well as those with GAD, the key difference is the fact that her fear is specific to germs
but, it is not exclusive to the exposure of germs. Another rule out is OCPD, due to the client
knowing that their thinking is not normal, which is usually the case in OCPD clients where they
believe their thinking is normal.
Risk factor and implications to look at when making this diagnosis is the usual onset of OCD is 19.5
years old while 25%n of cases starts by 14 years old. Temperamental factors are to be considered as
OCD has been linked to higher negative emotionality and behavioral inhibition in childhood. As
Lady Macbeth mentions, her family has always been neat and clean and she has been concerned
with cleanliness since young. Also, a counselor must look for environmental factors such as sexual
abuse or traumatic events as these pose a higher risk for developing OCD. Genetics also have a great
influence in the onset of OCD as individuals are two times more likely to develop the disorder if
first degree relatives suffer from it.
Ethical implications in the case of Lady Macbeth are that a counselor should try to employ

Application to Clinical Psych
Application to Psychology: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Se'Sees Holmes
PSY/480
November 3, 2014
Chantell Scott
Application to Psychology: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Clinical Psychologist's must tackle a huge number of mental disorders. They can range from
anything being Obsessive Compulsive Disorder to Schizophrenia. To fully comprehend the
application of clinical psychology in the real–world environment one must fully understand the
realm of psychology and all that goes with it. Here I will provide an overview of my chosen disorder
being Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. I will then discuss the biological, psychological and social
factors that are involved in my case. I will then explain which interventions would be appropriate ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bess's mother was overly expressive about cleanliness and more often than not, she would openly
convey the importance of it as well as hand washing within their home. Bess, at the time was lost as
to why her mother would stress cleanliness so strongly and so often. This caused Bess to resist her
mother's demands at home pertaining to cleanliness but, she did comply with her mother's value
system in school (Meyer, Chapman & Weaver, 2009, p.44). Bess was of very high intellect,
extremely hardworking, meticulous and very successful in school.
During late adolescence, Bess began acquiring erotic fantasies but could control them by completing
crossword and jigsaw puzzles. Bess had no problems maintaining friendships with guys; however
sexual and romantic relationships were what posed a challenge. While a senior in high school, Bess
dated a college guy who frequently asked for sex, in which Bess refused. One drunken night, they
engaged in sex and from and for a period of several weeks they had sex daily. Bess became pregnant
and her mother immediately arranged for an abortion. "Afterwards, Bess continued to have vague
anxieties about dating, marriage, having a family, and other related issues" (Meyer, Chapman,
& Weaver, 2009, p. 45). Bess was determined to work even harder to cope with these anxieties.
Similar to her mother's model of cleanliness, Bess too began experiencing these symptoms.
Bess's need for cleanliness

Having occasional intrusive thoughts that you just are unable to get rid of is in itself not as strange,
as some people might assume. It is fact actually quite common and not abnormal. Many people
believe they have obsessive–compulsive disorder because of symptoms they may share with the
disorder. But more and more often, this disorder is being overused and misdiagnosed unnecessarily.
The turning point that changes from normal to abnormal is when these thoughts cause distress and
disruption in that person's life for a substantial period of time. Obsessive– compulsive disorder is a
very common disorder that manifests in many different ways and it can be very burdensome to deal
with, but luckily there are various options for treatment that ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Various emotions are often experienced with this disorder including anxiety, fear, worry, anger, guilt
and sometimes even shame. OCD can be easier understood when broken down into its two
subcategories, in which it consists of. OCD is characterized by two types, obsessions and
compulsions. Obsessions are thoughts that persistently and continually occupy the mind. Examples
of obsessions include the need for symmetry, such as fixing shelves and or furniture until they are
perfectly centered and symmetrical. Forbidden thoughts or actions, many people with OCD have
thoughts that are not typical or accepted to have in their culture. Cleaning and contamination, this
can manifest as the thought that objects or surfaces are unclean or the thought that if they were to
come in contact with it may make the person ill. It is unclear what causes these obsessions, but it has
been suggested that, "obsessions might be triggered by stimuli in the environment (e.g., a religious
icon or driving a car) or occur without an apparent trigger (e.g., the impulse to yell a curse word in a
place of worship)" (Abramowitz & Jacoby, 2014). Compulsions, on the other hand, are the rituals or
actions that are done in response to the obsessions. Often the rituals are trying to give relief to the
controlling thoughts. In other words, they may gain a sense of control from these rituals that help
them cope with their inability to control the invasive thoughts they are having. Examples

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) For Obsessive...
Strengths and Weaknesses in Aetiology and Treatment of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) By using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) individuals
are able to be diagnosed and treated for many anxiety disorders, one of which is Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder (OCD). OCD is an anxiety disorder associated with invasive thoughts,
impulses and urges which can cause severe anxiety for an individual. These obsessive thoughts can
then cause the individual to act compulsively to prevent the stress and anxiety that is occuring
(American Psychological Association, 2013). According to CBT, OCD is caused by distorted
cognitions and the way different thoughts are being interpreted (Whittal, Thordarson & McLean,
2005). Treatment for OCD includes various CBT techniques including Psychoeducation, creating
symptom hierarchies and then combining it with the behavioural technique of Exposure Response
Prevention (ERP). Both the aetiology and the treatment of the disorder have strengths and
weaknesses.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM V) explains the criteria for OCD.
OCD is considered to be an anxiety disorder in the DSM V. Obsessions are defined as experiencing
recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses and urges, and can be invasive and unasked for which
then cause noticeable distress and anxiety for the individual. The individual will try to ignore the
unwanted thoughts and urges or they may try to neutralise them via

Compulsive Sexual Behavior Paper
Thus far we have been looking at healthy individuals regarding sexual motivation and sexual
behavior. However, there are also studies that specifically look at individuals with compulsive
sexual behaviors. Compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) or hypersexuality has been difficult to define.
There are those that would measure it purely based on the number of orgasms an individual achieves
in a specified time frame, but as Bradford (2001) stated there needs to also be an interference with
the individual's life rather than just the actual completion of orgasms. In a study by Voon and
associates (2014), the researchers used the definition for CSB as excessive or problematic
engagement in sex. This definitions encompasses both those individuals ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The researchers conducted two experiments using photos of men, women, children, and landscapes
in both. In the second experiment they added pixelated photos that offered the same colors and tones
as the photos of people and landscapes, but had no real image. Utilizing an Eyelink II tracking
device they measured the participants pupils while viewing the photos. In both experiments men's
pupils dilated when viewing the photos of women, but not when viewing the photos of men or
children. This correlated with the ratings of attractiveness they gave to the photos and with their
reported sexual orientation. Women's eyes dilated when viewing the photos of both men and
women, but not children which diverged from their ratings of attractiveness where the women
participants ranked men as the most sexually attractive. However, this is a common divergence
when comparing actual signs of arousal with self–report measures for heterosexual women (Attard–
Johnson, Bindemann, & Ciardha,

Treatment Plan for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay
This essay will cover what obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is and how leisure education can
be used to help these individuals who have been diagnosed with OCD. This essay will discuss the
various characteristics that can be noticed with an individual who has been diagnosed with OCD and
also introduce different leisure activities that can be used to help these individuals. The overall goal
for this essay is to provide strong evidence showing that leisure education can be useful in helping
individuals with OCD. OCD is considered to be an anxiety disorder due to the fact that individuals
with it have a high anxiety feeling about a certain aspect in their lives.
OCD is broken down into two components the obsession and the compulsion. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The social aspect needs improvement because most individuals with OCD is so engulfed with their
obsession and their compulsive habits that they tend to be isolated or stand– out when out in public.
Like any other disorder/disability/illness, the general public as a whole are not exposed to these
various "problems" on a regular bases and they tend to stare or privately talk about these individuals.
When this occurs, the individual feels less comfortable and they do not socialize as much due to the
fear of feeling judged. The cognitive aspect needs improvement to help these individuals to redirect
their thought process so that they can stop or decrease their obsession and compulsion. If they are
able to find other ways to distract their thoughts from these habits the individual can began to live
their lives in what society consider a "normal" life.
Introducing leisure education as a form of intervention for these individuals can help them to relax
and take a less stressful approach to regaining their lives back. Leisure education is a way to get
these individuals in a constructive but laid back program(s) to help these individuals to reach their
goal(s) of stopping or decreasing their symptoms of OCD and introducing various techniques and/or
activities to redirect their thought process so they can do so. With leisure education the therapist can

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Essay
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or OCD, affects an average 1.7% of the population according to
the Stanford University School of Medicine. The recognition of this psychological disorder has
grown in the recent years. As the knowledge of this disorder becomes more prevalent, those
suffering have become more willing to seek help (OCDA). OCD is a condition "in which people
experience repetitive and upsetting thoughts and/or behaviors" (OCDA). While there are many
variation of the disease, those suffering from OCD show signs in either or both of two categories:
obsession and compulsion. The obsessive factor varies from thoughts to images or to impulses.
These obsessions are often frequent, upsetting, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While it is important to remember that all cases are different, all people suffering with OCD "pay
undue attention" stressing over issues. This undue attention in turn immobilizes them in a variety of
areas in their lives (OCDA). OCD affects a wide range of people, young and old alike. Most cases
show signs prior to age 25 (Stanford). Almost all adults that are diagnosed with OCD have said that
"they had their first symptoms as children" (OCDA). The earlier onset of OCD symptoms, the more
likely it is that the disorder will become more serious. According to the Stanford University School
of Medicine, on average men show signs and symptoms earlier than most women who are inflicted
with OCD. This is often one to three years earlier. Nevertheless, major symptoms of OCD showed
before age 15 in about in about one–third of all those inflicted and in about two–thirds by age 25
(Stanford). The answer to what causes Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is not a simple one. Studies
have shown a clear link to it being a biologically based (Stanford). It can be linked to both
biochemical imbalances in the brain and abnormal brain functioning (OCDA). OCD also has clear
familial connections. It is far more likely to suffer from OCD if someone with a genetic connection
also suffers from the disorder. However, psychological factors and personal experiences have also
been rumored to trigger its onset.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay
Obsessive–compulsive disorder, also known as OCD causes people to suffer in silence and secrecy
and can destroy relationships and the ability to work. It may bring on shame, ridicule, anger, and
intolerance from friends and family. Although it has been reported in children, it strikes most often
during adolescence or young adult years. The illness can affect people in any income bracket, of any
race, gender, or ethnic group and in any occupation. If people recognize the symptoms and seek
treatment, OCD can be controlled.
OCD plagues people with intrusive, unwanted thoughts or obsessions, which are rarely pleasant.
People who have these obsessions recognize that they are senseless. Still, they are unable to stop
them. They may worry about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Persistent fears that harm may come to self or a loved one, an unreasonable belief that one has a
terrible illness, or an excessive need to do things correctly or perfectly, are common. Again and
again, the individual experiences a disturbing thought, such as, "My hands may be
contaminated––I must wash them"; "I may have left the gas on"; or "I am
going to injure my child." These thoughts are intrusive, unpleasant, and produce a high degree
of anxiety. Often the obsessions are of a violent or a sexual nature, or concern illness.
People with OCD usually have considerable insight into their own problems. Most of the time, they
know that their obsessive thoughts are senseless or exaggerated, and that their compulsive behaviors
are not really necessary. However, this knowledge is not sufficient to enable them to stop obsessing
or the carrying out of rituals.
Because victims of OCD realize their obsessive thoughts and behaviors are senseless and
unnecessary, they may try to hide their problem. They fear people will think they are
"crazy" or silly, and they may feel that they're all alone. Of course, nothing could be
further from the truth. OCD affects as many as 2 percent of all Americans. Research indicates that,
like depression and bipolar disorder, OCD is caused by an imbalance of the neurotransmitter called
serotonin. This brain chemical, one of many that

Case Study: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder – the Case of Bess
Case Study: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder – The Case of Bess
Your Name
PSY/410
Date
Professor
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders: The Case of Bess Obsessive compulsive disorder commonly
(OCD) can be defined as an anxiety disorder differentiated by acts of compulsiveness or continual
thoughts of obsession. Persistent thoughts, images, and desires are characteristics of obsessions.
These thoughts, images, and desires are not typically willed into one's mind as they are often
senseless, illogical, aggressive, taboo, etc. Compulsive acts are unrealistic and repetitive behaviors.
The fear of contamination with germs, dirt, or grease is the most common obsession, which leads to
thoroughgoing or compulsive cleansing rituals. Religion, sex, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
44). Bess was extremely hardworking, meticulous, of high intellect, and successful in school.
During late adolescence, Bess began acquiring erotic fantasies but could control them by completing
crossword and jigsaw puzzles. Bess had no problems maintaining friendships with guys; however
sexual and romantic relationships were what posed a challenge. While a senior in high school, Bess
dated a college guy who frequently asked for sex, in which Bess refused. One drunken night, they
engaged in sex and from and for a period of several weeks they had sex daily. Bess became pregnant
and her mother immediately arranged for an abortion. "Afterwards, Bess continued to have vague
anxieties about dating, marriage, having a family, and other related issues" (Meyer, Chapman,
& Weaver, 2009, p. 45). Bess was determined to work even harder to cope with these anxieties.
Similar to her mother's model of cleanliness, Bess too began experiencing these symptoms.
Bess's need for cleanliness turned into what is called a "thoroughgoing cleansing ritual" that was
typically set off by touching her genitals or anus. Stripping out of all her clothing, laying each item
out, and searching for contamination Bess would scrub her body beginning with her feet and moving
up to her head. Once clean, she re–dress in the opposite manner in which she undressed. If Bess
thought she missed a

Fun, Electrate, Autistic, Obsessive Home Essay
Although some claim developing electracy will cause a downfall in society's current learning
abilities (Carr), I feel it creates a new type of learning style, that might even give an upper hand to
people we otherwise might overlook. We have to consider that every new invention comes at a cost,
but that does not necessarily mean the reward will not significantly outweigh it. Alison Bechdel's
"Fun Home" has an electrate quality through, not just the images, but the writing style and using
obtuse meanings within her illustrations, that seem to enable a new learning style, supported by
'disorders' such as autism and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). "Fun Home" uses both text
and graphics to recount the author's life. The script has many ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The reason to use obtuse meanings and implicit text in electracy is to condense information.
Because "Fun Home's" method of storytelling utilizes both aspects (as well as computer rendering
for publication), the whole work is electrate. An important thing to remember is that although the
amount of words and pictures become increasingly compressed, the amount of work to make these
incorporations done well is just as significant as handwriting, or even typing, a classic novel. This
talent seems to come at a price, though, just as Carr suggested. Julia Watson explains that, resulting
from obsessions, "Bechdel's story of coming to artistic consciousness is visually mapped"
throughout the story (30). This means, without her Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, we may have
never had a "Fun Home" to read. Society deems OCD as a menace and hindrance because of its
resulting limitations. However, we start to see it have an effect on success rates within electracy–
focused fields. Scientifically, studies suggest that "patients with OCD . . . adapt by accessing explicit
networks in order to process material that normal individuals 'put to rest' implicitly" (Rauch et al.
572). Which supports the notion that people who suffer from OCD will look at one thing from
multiple perspectives, maybe without even realizing it, in order to perfect his or her understanding
of it. Although it

Compulsive Sexual Behavior And Mental Health Problem
Compulsive sexual behavior or "hypersexuality" as it has been termed, is a disorder that is currently
under scrutiny for whether or not it is an actual mental disorder. Some doctors claim that people who
claim to be sex addicts merely have high libidos, but those who disagree see it as an intimacy
disorder, a real problem. Sexual release does cause a "high," because the body releases certain
endorphins or "feel–good" hormones. Just like any other mental health problem, sex addicts have
underlying symptoms such as stress, anxiety and depression; these symptoms often stimulate their
behaviors. Although researchers have a hard time differentiating between high libido persons and
sex addicts, they have found a simple way of drawing the line. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What if a person constantly feels a certain way because of the chemicals in their brain? Of course, a
person must be making the decisions to complete these behaviors while sober. If there are
substances involved in their actions, one should first take care of the substance abuse or dependency
problem before focusing on the sexual behaviors. The brain makes many different chemicals that
make you feel different ways. Adrenaline, testosterone and estrogen are commonly talked about
hormones, but how often does one hear about serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and androgens?
An imbalance in the above listed hormones could cause negative emotions such as depression,
sadness, anger and even aggression. Hypersexuality is most likely fueled by anxiety, depression, or
another emotional vulnerability. Many argue that people who claim to be sex addicts are merely
acting out. Many doctors do not believe that hypersexuality is a true disorder, but they do believe
that it is a person acting out. By acting out in this manner, a person maybe making up for an emotion
that they are lacking. With the hormonal high one gets from sexual release, one may be freed from
feelings of depression for a short while. Rather than terming this sexual behavior, acting out, or
being uncontrolled, a more politically correct term for this action could be coping mechanism. A
coping mechanism

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that
produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, or worry. The acts of those who have OCD may appear
paranoid and potentially psychotic. However, OCD sufferers generally recognize their obsessions
and compulsions as irrational and may become further distressed by this realization. Obsessive–
compulsive disorder affects children and adolescents, as well as adults. Roughly one third to one
half of adults with OCD reports a childhood onset of the disorder, suggesting the continuum of
anxiety disorders across the life span. OCD may be a result of changes in your body's own natural
chemistry or brain functions. OCD also may have a genetic component, but ... Show more content
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 Repeatedly checking in on loved ones to make sure they're safe.
 Counting, tapping, repeating certain words, or doing other senseless things to reduce anxiety.
 Spending a lot of time washing or cleaning.
 Ordering or arranging things "just so."
 Praying excessively or engaging in rituals triggered by religious fear.
 Accumulating "junk" such as old newspapers or empty food containers.
Obsessions
Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that cause distressing
emotions such as anxiety or disgust. People with OCD recognize that the thoughts, impulses, or
images are a product of their mind and are excessive or unreasonable. Yet these intrusive thoughts
cannot be settled by logic or reasoning. Most people try to ignore or suppress such obsessions or
neutralize them with some other thought or action. Typical obsessions include excessive concerns
about contamination or harm, the need for symmetry or exactness, or forbidden sexual or religious
thoughts. You don't want to have these ideas but you can't stop them. Unfortunately, these obsessive
thoughts are often disturbing and distracting.
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform in
response to an obsession. You are also driven to act out again and again on it. The behaviors are
aimed at

Jonathon Case
Jonathon: "Is there any way to fix this problem?" Dad: Although there is no actual cure for OCD,
there are medications available to help reduce the symptoms. In addition, support groups and
individual talk therapy are helpful: It is nice to meet with others who can understand how Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder can affect one's life." Jonathon: "So, I will always have OCD, but I can take
medication, visit with others who have Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and talk with a therapist
one–on–one to ease the symptoms of this condition?" Dad: "Yes, that's right. Although it does take
some work to manage the symptoms of OCD, you can flatten this bump in the road and get your life
back on track. Okay, okay that was a bit corny, but it is kind of funny, don't you think?" Jonathon:
"Yeah, corny is right, but I know ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder typically begin gradually and vary in their
severity throughout an individual's life, with symptoms becoming worse in times of stress. This
disorder can be mild or moderate, or be so severe that it becomes disabling. When to Make an
Appointment with a Doctor or Mental Health Professional Perfectionism and OCD are not the same
thing. A perfectionist strives for flawless results and/or performance; whereas, Obsessive
Compulsive Disorder involves excessive worries about real life or the need to have things cleaned
and/or arranged in a particular way. If you notice that your child's obsessions and/or compulsions are
negatively effecting his/her quality of life, make an appointment with your physician or mental
health professional.

The Management Of A Patient With Compulsive Sexual Behavior

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The Management Of A Patient With Compulsive Sexual Behavior