Total Quality Management Course PPt

1. Management Tools
APPLICATION OF
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

2. INTRODUCTION

3. Agenda
•History of M.P. Tools
•Management tools
•Affinity Diagram
•Activity Network Diagram
•Process Decision Program Chart
•Interrelationship Diagram

4. History
• Operations Research work done after World War II
• The Japanese Total Quality Control (TQC) research
• Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE)
Promote Innovation
Communicate Information
Successfully Plan Major Projects

5. Affinity Diagram
Interrelationship
Diagram
Process
Decision
Program Chart
Activity Network
Diagram
Prioritization
Matrix
Tree Diagram Matrix Diagram

6. Affinity Diagram
Jiro Kawakita Method

7. “Use the affinity diagram when facts or thoughts are
uncertain and need to be organized, when preexisting
ideas or paradigms need to be overcome, when ideas
need to be clarified, and when unity within a team needs
to be created.”
Kaoru Ishikawa
Japanese Organizational Theorist
(Invented cause-and –effect diagram)
Professor
Faculty of Engineering
The University of Tokyo

8. Scenario: Common Society Issues

9. Departments
Research
• Brainstorm
activities on
leadership and
sustainability
• Latest news for
blog and website
• Scheduling of
events
• Publicity without
wasting paper
Designing
• Posters designing
• Blog designing
• Blog updates
• Website
designing
• Online design
resources
• Brand design
(font, colors, size,
etc.)
specifications
Event
Management
• Publicity and
Promotions
• Effective event
implementation
• Event
coordination
• Ensure high
participation
• Hospitality to all
incoming
resource persons
• paperwork
External Affairs
• Evaluating
society regularly
• Feedbacks from
sponsors
• Inviting
companies /
resource persons
• Generating
monthly reports
• Resources
management

10. Activity Network
Diagram

11. 1) Identify all activities and relationships among
them.
2) Sketch the diagram.
3) Estimate the times for each activity, or node, in
the diagram
4) Determine the critical path, the longest path
from the beginning to the end of the project
5) Evaluate the diagram for milestones and target
dates in the overall project.
Implementation of Activity Network Diagram

12. 1) The most likely time. (L)
2) The most optimistic time. (O)
3) The most pessimistic time. (P)
Expected Time = (O + 4*L + P) / 6
Limits of Expected Variation = ( P – O )
/ 6
For Evaluation of network
diagrams:

13. Scenario:
Home Construction
Work Average time Optimistic
time
Pessimistic
time
Excavate 5 days 4 days 7 days
Foundation 2 days 2 days 3 days
Frame 12 days 10 days 14 days
Electrical 9 days 8 days 10 days
Roof 5 days 5 days 5 days
Masonry 8 days 8 days 8 days
Interior 10 days 8 days 11 days
Exterior 7 days 7 days 8 days
Landscape 5 days 4 days 6 days

14. 5 122 5
9
8
57
10
Most Likely Time : 5 + 2 + 12 + 9 + 10 + 7 + 5 = 50 days
Optimistic Time : 4 + 2 + 10 + 8 + 8 + 7 + 4 = 43 days
Pessimistic Time : 7 + 3+ 14 + 10 + 11 + 8 + 6 = 59 days
Expected Time : ( 43 + 59 + 4*50 ) / 6 = 50.3 days
Limits of Expected Variation : ( 59 – 43 ) / 6 = 2.7 days
For the critical path, we can
expect the project to take from
47.6 days to 53.0 days

15. Process Decision
Program Chart
(PDPC)

16. 1) Identifying what can go
wrong
(failure mode or risks).
2) Consequences of that
failure
(effect or consequence)
3) Possible countermeasures
(risk mitigation action plan)
Implementation of PDPC

17. Scenario:
Planning
of
Conference

18. Interrelationship
Diagram

19. 1.Develop the problem
statement.
2.Develop issues related to the
problem
3.Arrange the issues in a
circle
4.Identify cause-and-effect
Implementation of Interrelationship
Diagram

20. DRIVER
OUTCOME
Meaningful Measure of Success
Scenario: what are the issues related to reducing litter?

21. Thank You
Any Questions ?