presentation by akshay kumar , M.tech scholar NIT Jalandhar

1. Aug-22
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DR B.R AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JALANDHAR
DEPARTMENT : CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED TO : DR KS NAGLA AKSHAY KUMAR
18206103
8/3/2021
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2.  ISRO is the space agency under the “Department of
space” of government of India, Headquatered in the city
of Bengalaru, Karnataka.
 It’s vision is to harness the space technology for national
development, while pursuing space science research for
planetary exploration.
 National development : e-governance, banking,
telemedicine, better communication, education to remote
areas, weather forecasting, disaster management etc.
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3.  The space research activities were initiated in India
under Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the founding father of
Indian space programme, during 1960’s.
 Since inception, the Indian space programme had
three distinct elements such as:
1) satellites for communication and remote sensing.
2) the space transportation system.
3) application programs.
 The INCOSPAR (Indian National Committee for
Space Research) was initiated under the leadership
of Dr. Sarabhai and Dr. Ramanathan.
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4. 1975-2000
 Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) was
conducted. It was hailed as ‘the largest sociological
experiment in the world’
 first Indian spacecraft ‘Aryabhata’ developed and was
launched using a Soviet Launcher.
 first launch vehicle SLV-3 with a capability to place 40 kg
in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), was developed.
 In the experimental phase during 80’s, Bhaskara-I & II
missions
 During the operational phase in 90’s INSAT & IRS
system were launched.
 Development and operationalisation of PSLV , GSLV
were significants achievements .
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5. 5
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6.  A satellite is basically a self contained –communication
systems with the ability to receive signals from earth and
re-transmit those signals back with the use of
transponder
 Parts of satellite-: a)transponder b)antenna subsytems
c)solar cell and battery backup
a)Transponder - the main task of transponder is frequency
conversion.
b)Antenna subsystems -The antennas help receive and
transmit the signals from the earth and towards the earth
respectively.
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7. SATTELITE SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
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8. A)Geostationary orbits (geosynchronous or synchronous
orbits) are orbits in which the satellite is always
positioned over the same spot on earth.
• they are in the plane of the earth equator orbit with a
radius of approximately 26,199 miles & altitude 36000km.
• use – television, communication and weather satellite.
• Geostationary orbits are why a DSS satellite TV dish is
typically bolted in a fixed position.
 B)Polar orbit- in which satellite moves from north pole to
south pole to north.
 C)Low earth orbits (LEO) with height less than 2000km.
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9. 9
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Source : giphy.com

10. INSAT.
 INDIAN NATIONAL SATELLITE SYSTEM.
 It’s a series of multipurpose geostationary satellites
established with commissioning of INSAT-1B in 1983.
 One of the largest domestic communication satellites in
Asia-pacific region with 9 operational satellites placed in
geostationary orbit.
 It initiated the major revolution in India’s communication
sector.
 INSAT provide services related to telecommunications,
television broadcasting, weather forecasting, disaster
warning and Search and Rescue operations.
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11. LIST OF COMMUNICATION
SATELLITES.
SATELLITE LAUNCH DATE LAUNCH
VEHICLE
APPLICATION
GSAT-31A FEB 6, 19 ARIANE-5-VA COMMUNICATION
GSAT-7A DEC 19, 18 GSLV_F11 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-11 MISSION DEC 05 ,18 ARIANE-5VA-246 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-29 NOV 14 , 18 GSLV MK III D2 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-6A MAR 29 , 18 GSLV -F08 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-17 JUN 29 , 17 ARIANE-5-VA -238 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-19 JUN 05 , 17 GSLV MK III D1 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-9 MAY 05 , 17 GSLV F-09 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-12 JUL 15, 2011 PSLV C-17 COMMUNICATION
GSAT-8 May 21, 2011 ARIANE-5-VA -202 COMMUNICATION
EDUSAT SEP , 2020 GSLV F-011, 2011 COMMUNICATION
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12.  Starting with IRS-1A in 1988, ISRO has launched
many operational remote sensing satellites.
 Today, India has one of the largest constellations of
remote sensing satellites in operation.
 applications covering agriculture, water resources,
urban planning, rural development, mineral
prospecting, environment, forestry, ocean resources
and disaster management.
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Source :The Hindu

14. GAGAN
IRNSS: NAVIC
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15.  Satellite is an emerging satellite based system with
commercial and strategic applications.
 Civil Aviation requirements and to meet the user
requirements of the positioning, navigation and timing
based on the independent satellite navigation system.
 ISRO is working jointly with Airport Authority of India
(AAI) in establishing the GPS Aided Geo Augmented
Navigation (GAGAN) system.
 ISRO is establishing a regional satellite navigation
system called Indian Regional Navigation Satellite
System (IRNSS)
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16.  GPS-AIDED GEO NAVIGATION SYSTEM.
 GAGAN is satellite based Indian augmentation and
navigation system developed by AAI and ISRO.
 Its consists of 15 Indian reference systems, 3 Indian
navigation land uplink stations , 3 Indian mission control
centre’s . 1 geostationary satellite and 4 GPS satellite.
 It will provide the accurate and reliable position of aircraft
covering the area from Australia and south- Africa
stretching into middle east.
 It will be beneficial for landing aircraft like tough weather
terrain like Mangalore and LEH.
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17. 17
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astronmywa.net

18. D
A
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Wikipedia.org

19.  INDIAN REGIONAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM.
 It is an independent regional navigation system
developed by INDIA.
 it is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system
that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing
services.
 The constellation consists of 7 satellites with 3 in
geostationary orbit and 4 in inclined geosynchronous
orbit.
 It covers India and a region extending 1,500 km.
 Accuracy -10 m for public and 0.1 m encrypted.
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20. Satellite Launch date Orbit Status Remarks
IRNSS-1A 1 July 2013 Geosynchronous Failed in orbit Atomic clocks
failed
IRNSS-1B 4 April 2014 Geostationary Operational
IRNSS-1C 16 Oct 2013 Geosynchronous Operational
IRNSS-1D 28 Mar 2015 Geosynchronous Operational
IRNSS-1E 20 Jan 2016 Geosynchronous Operational
IRNSS-1F 10 Mar 2016 Geostationary Operational
IRNSS-1G 28 April 2016 Geostationary Operational
IRNSS-1H 31 Aug 2017 Launch failed Payload
fairing failed
IRNSS-1F 31 Aug 2017 Geosynchronous Operational
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Source : The hindu

22. ASTROSAT
MARS ORBITER MISSION (MOM)
CHANDRAYAAN I
CHANDRAYAAN II.
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23.  India’s first dedicated multi wavelength space
observatory.
 This scientific satellite mission endeavour for a more
detailed understanding of our universe.
 It is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed
at studying celestial sources in Xray, optical and UV
spectral bands simultaneously.
 One of the unique features of ASTROSAT mission is that
it enables the simultaneous multi-wavelength
observations of various astronomical objects with a
single satellite.
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SOURCE :ISRO.GOV.IN
Courtesy: bbc.com

25.  Mars Orbiter Mission -MANGALYAAN
 Maiden interplanetary mission of ISRO, launched on
November 5, 2013, successfully got inserted into Martian
orbit on September 24, 2014 in its first attempt.
 AIM - studying Martian surface and mineral composition
as well as scan its atmosphere for methane (an indicator
of life on Mars).
 MOM is credited with many achievements like cost-
effectiveness, short period of realization, economical
weight-budget.
 PHOBOS and DEIMOS, the two moons of Mars were
also imaged from close distances by Mars COLOUR
Camera (MCC).
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26.  Chandrayaan-1, India’s first mission to moon,
 it was an unmanned spacecraft along with 11 scientific
payloads built in India, UK, USA, Germany, Bulgaria and
Sweden.
 The mission comprised an orbiter and an Impacter.
 Launched aboard PSLV-C11 by ISRO on October 22,
2008,
 the spacecraft was designed to study the Moon orbiting
around it at a height of 100 km from the lunar surface.
 It had operated much less than the intended two years,
but achieved more than 90% of its planned objectives.
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27.  It’s a totally indigenous mission comprising of an Orbiter,
Lander and Rover.
 Chandrayaan-2 is planned to launch in 2019 by GSLV-
F10.
 After reaching the 100 km lunar orbit, the Lander
housing the Rover will separate from the Orbiter. After a
controlled descent.
 the Lander will soft land on the lunar surface at a
specified site and deploy a Rover.
 The payloads will collect scientific information on lunar
topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, lunar
exosphere and signatures of hydroxyl and water-ice
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SOURCE:QUORA.COM

31.  In December 2018, the Indian government has
announced allocation of 100 billion rupees for first
manned space mission, set to be launched by 2022.
 An unmanned test launch of the project is likely
scheduled for December 2020. Also termed as
GAGANYAAN,

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32.  2/3 Indian astronauts will get into ‘GAGANYAAN’
(crewed spacecraft).
 The GAGANYAAN will be placed in the nose cone of a
launch vehicle
 IT will be launched to LEO (Low Earth Orbit) of radius
around 400 km from SRIHARIKOTA, East coast of India,
 In around 16 minutes. In case of any problem
VYOMNAUTS will be ejected out from the launch vehicle
to sea.
 IT will orbit Earth for 5–7 days.
 VYOMNAUTS will carry out some micro-gravity
experiments.
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35.  A launch vehicle or carrier rocket is a rocket
propelled vehicle used to carry a payload from Earth's surface
to space, usually to Earth orbit or beyond.
 HISTORIC- satellite launch vehicle (SLV).
- Augmented satellite launch vehicle(ASLV).
 OPERATIONAL –Polar satellite launch vehicle (PSLV).
- Geostationary satellite launch vehicle(GSLV).
-Sounding rockets.
 FUTURE – GSLV MK III.
RLV-TD.
SCRAMJET.
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36.  The PSLV is an expendable medium-lift launch vehicle
designed and operated by ISRO.
 It was developed to allow India to launch its Indian
Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites .
 Some notable payloads launched by PSLV :
Chandrayaan-1
Mars Orbiter Mission
ASTROSAT
 Most notable among these was the launch of PSLV C37
on 15 February 2017 successfully deploying 104
satellites in sun-synchronous orbit, tripling the previous
record held by Russia.
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37.  GSLV is an expandable launch system operated by
ISRO.
 GSLV is designed mainly to deliver the communication –
satellites to the highly elliptical orbit typically 3600 km
geosynchronous transfer orbits.
 The payload carrying capacity is 5000kg to LEO &
2700Kg to GTO.
 It had 2 variants GSLV MK I & GSLV MK II .
 Notable payloads were INSAT and GSAT series
satellites.
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38.  GSLV MK III also referred to as the Launch Vehicle
Mark 3 (LVM3) is a three-stage medium lift launch
vehicle developed by ISRO.
 Payload capacity -10000 kg for LEO & 4000 kg for GTO.
 Notable payloads –Crew module re-entry experiment
(CARE) & CHANDRAYAAN -2
 Reusable Launch Vehicle – Technology Demonstrator
(RLV-TD) is under experimental stage.
 SCRAMJET engine is also under experimental stage.
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only country to reach mars in
maiden attempt.
Record braking 104 satellites
in single mission.
& a lot more to come.

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SPACE WOMEN

42. www.isro.gov.in
www.astronomywa.net
www.wikipedia.org
www.thehindu.com
www.bbc.com
www.quora.com
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43. THANKYOU
AKSHAY KUMAR
Aug-22
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