This ppt is about the physical property of gases intended for Grade 10 science. Hope this helps!

1. UNIT IV- MATTER &
ITS INTERACTION
Intro to UNIT IV

2. MODULE 1- BEHAVIOUR OF GASES
PROPERTIES OF GASES
BOYLE’S LAW
CHARLES’ LAW
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW
COMBINED GAS LAW
IDEAL GAS LAW
AVOGADRO’S LAW

3. MODULE 2- CHEMICAL REACTIONS
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION
REACTANT & PRODUCTS
BALANCING CHEMICAL
EQUATION

4. MODULE 3- BIOMOLECULES
CARBOHYDRATES
LIPIDS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
STRUCTURE
&
FUNCTION
S

5. I. Physical
Properties of
Gas
UNIT 4 - GASES
Lecture 1

6. Kinetic Molecular Theory
There is a theory that modern day
chemist’s use to explain the
behaviors and characteristics of
gases - the Kinetic Molecular
Theory of Matter.
• The word kinetic refers to motion.
• The word molecular refers to

7. IDEAL GAS vs. REAL GAS

8. ANY gas that exists is a REAL gas.
Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon
monoxide, helium etc…
In most usual conditions ( STP) most
real gases behave qualitatively like
an ideal gas. Real gas can be treated
like ideal gases within reasonable
tolerances.

9. IDEAL GAS VS. REAL GAS
SMALL VOLUME LARGE VOLUME
ELASTIC
COLLISION
NO ELASTIC
COLLISION
EXERT INTERMOLECULAR
FORCE
NO INTERMOLECULAR
FORCE

10. Gas behavior is most
ideal…
at low pressures
at high temperatures
in nonpolar

11. Properties of GASES
MASS
VOLUME
TEMPERATURE
PRESSURE
Other characteristic of gases
EXPAND
DIFFUSE
HAS NO DEFINITE SHAPE & SIZE
CAN BE COMPRESS
Major
properties of
gases

13. Gases have mass.
• Gases seem to be weightless, but
they are classified as matter, which
means they have mass.
• The density of a gas – the mass per
unit of volume – is much less than
the density of a liquid or solid,
however.

14. Showing that GAS has MASS

15. The Kinetic-Molecular theory
explanation of it is that we assume
that gases are composed of a
collection of particles.
Mass of gas is measured in
MOLES.
MOLES= NUMBER OF GAS
MOLECULES

16. EXPANSION
Gases expand to fill any
container.
random motion, no attraction
Gases are fluids (like
liquids).
no attraction
Gases have very low
densities.
no volume = lots of empty

17. Expansion of Gas molecules

18. If I opened up a bag of popcorn in
front of the class you would soon be
able to smell it in the back.
The popcorn smell is a high energy
molecule or group of molecules that is
in the gas state.
There are really two properties going
on here:
- This property of gases spreading out
until they have filled the room
- And the property of diffusion

19. Gases diffuse
The Gases can move through each other
rapidly.
movement of one substance through
another is called diffusion.
Because of all of the empty space
between gas molecules, another gas
molecule can pass between them until
each gas is spread out over the entire

20. Diffusion explains why gases are
able to spread out to fill their
containers.
It’s why we can all breath oxygen
anywhere in the room.
It also helps us avoid potential
odoriferous problems.

21. Diffusion of Perfume

22. COMPRESSIBILITY
Gases can be compressed.
no volume = lots of empty space
Gases undergo diffusion & effusion.
random motion

23. Pressure depends on Temperature
The higher the temperature
of a gas -the higher the
pressure that the gas exerts
The reverse of that is true
as well, as the temperature
of a gas decreases – the
pressure decreases.

24. Pressure
Gauge
Today’stemp: 35°F

25. Pressure
Gauge
Today’stemp: 85°F

26. - the average kinetic energy of the
particles that make up an object
TEMPERATURE
The higher the temperature the
more the energy
The more the energy the more
impacts the gases administer
The more the impacts or
collisions the more the pressure

28. Temperature
Always use absolute temperature (Kelvin)
when working with gases.
ºF
ºC
K
-459 32 212
-273 0 100
0 273 373
( )32FC 9
5
−°=° K = ºC + 273

29. Pressure
area
force
pressure =
Which shoes create the most

30. Gases exert pressure
The sum of all of
the collisions
makes up the
pressure the gas
exerts.
Gas particles exert pressure by
colliding with objects in their
path.

31. The gases push against the walls of
their containers with a force.
The pressure of gases is what keeps our
tires inflated, makes our basketballs
bounce, makes hairspray come out of
the can, etc.

32. Pressure
Barometer
measures
atmospheric
pressure
Mercury Barometer
Aneroid Barometer

33. Pressure
Manometer
measures contained gas pressure
U-tube Manometer Bourdon-tube gauge

34. Atmospheric PressureAtmospheric Pressure
Low pressure or dropping
pressure indicates a change of
weather from fair to rain.
High pressure is an
indication of clear
skies and sun.
It all has to do with
the amount of air
pressing down on

35. Intrapleural Pressure in Lungs

36. Pressure
KEY UNITS AT SEA LEVEL
101.325 kPa (kilopascal)
1 atm ( atmosphere)
760 mm Hg ( millimeters of mercury)
760 torr ( Torricelli)
14.7 psi ( Parts per square inch)
2
m
N
kPa =

37. Standard Temperature
Pressure
Standard Temperature & PressureStandard Temperature & Pressure
0°C 273 K
1 atm 101.325 kPa
-OR-
STP

38. Physical Characteristics of Gases
Physical Characteristics Typical Units
Volume, V liters (L)
Pressure, P atmosphere
(1 atm = 1.015x105
N/m2
)
Temperature, T Kelvin (K)
Number of atoms or
molecules, n
mole (1 mol = 6.022x1023
atoms or molecules)

40. QUIZ TIME!

41. 1. Which example has particle that
can be drawn closer to occupy
smaller volume?
A. fruit juice
B. Block of wood
C. Air inside the syringe
D. Ice cube

42. 2. Which of the following
phenomenon does NOT involve
the application of gas pressure?
A. burning fuels
B. falling leaves
C. vulcanizing tire
D. rising hot air balloon

43. 3. How can you possibly prove
that gases have negligible
MASS?
A. put a balloon in a digital balance before
and after you fill it with air
B. feel the weight of the samples on both
hands
C. ask two persons to hold a box filled with air


44. 4. Last summer vacation, the Serrano family
decided to go to Pagudpod, Ilocos Norte to have a
beach party. On their way to Ilocos, all them were
surprised when the tire suddenly exploded. What is
the probable explanation for the blown out tire
during the summer drive?
 A. High temperature causes a decrease in volume.
 B. The amount of the gases inside the tire is increased.
 C. The mass of the gases inside the tire increases causing a blown
up tire
 D. the volume of gases increases as the temperature increases,
causing a blown up tire.

45. 5. Each of the following containers is air tight and has the
same number of gas molecules. Which container has the
highest pressure?
A.
B.
C.
D.

46. LET’S CHECK!!!!!!!!!!!!

47. 1. Which example has particle that
can be drawn closer to occupy
smaller volume?
A. fruit juice
B. Block of wood
C. Air inside the syringe
D. Ice cube

48. 2. Which of the following
phenomenon does NOT involve
the application of gas pressure?
A. burning fuels
B. falling leaves
C. vulcanizing tire
D. rising hot air balloon

49. 3. How can you possibly prove
that gases have negligible
MASS?
A. put a balloon in a digital balance before
and after you fill it with air
B. feel the weight of the samples on both
hands
C. ask two persons to hold a box filled with air
D. support your claim through equation

50. 4. Last summer vacation, the Serrano family
decided to go to Pagudpod, Ilocos Norte to have a
beach party. On their way to Ilocos, all them were
surprised when the tire suddenly exploded. What is
the probable explanation for the blown out tire
during the summer drive?
 A. High temperature causes a decrease in volume.
 B. The amount of the gases inside the tire is increased.
 C. The mass of the gases inside the tire increases causing a
blown up tire
 D. the volume of gases increases as the temperature increases,
causing a blown up tire.

51. 5. Each of the following containers is air tight and has the
same number of gas molecules. Which container has the
highest pressure?
A.
B.
C.
D.

52. If you got a score of 4 out of 5
you pass the evaluation test.
CONGRATULATIONS!!!!