This is for Kim Woods Only Please hav.docx

*************This is for Kim Woods
Only****************** Please have ALL assignments
returned by the appropriate due dates. Assignment 2:
Development of the US Prison System The purpose and goals of
the US prison system have evolved through the gamut of
simplistic corporal punishment and incarceration to modern-day
alternative approaches, such as diversionary programs,
restorative justice programs, and specialized problem-solving
courts. The evolutionary development of the US prison system
has coincided with a greater understanding of criminal behavior
as well as the criminogenic factors that influence such behavior.
Consequently, the US prison system's goals on deterrence,
punishment, treatment, and rehabilitation have also evolved.
From a larger perspective, the system's predominant
philosophies have been influenced by political, legal, and
societal factors. Tasks: Using the Argosy University online
library resources, research the developments of the early prison
system. Compare these developments and changes with those of
the prisons that exist today. Submission Details: By Saturday,
July 16, 2016, in a minimum of 250 words, post to the
Discussion Area your responses to the following: •The early US
prison system has gone through many changes. Discuss the
significant changes and compare them to the modern prison
system. •Explain how the purpose and goals of today's prison
system have changed from the earlier system. Discuss the
differences that you see in terms of punishment, deterrence,
treatment, and rehabilitation in today's prison system. Note:
Include an APA-formatted reference page that links back to in-
text citations and supports your discussions. Remember, you
cannot have only in-text citations or references. You must have
both.
*****************************************************
*************** Assignment 3: Prison Management—Past and
Present The overriding culture of a prison is established by
prison leadership. The policies and procedures of a prison

system are aimed to achieve the goals of punishment. From a
societal standpoint, imprisonment is one of the primary ways of
dispensing punishment. Therefore, prison leadership plays a
vital role in meeting the goals of punishment set by the justice
system. Prisons should include sufficient punishment to meet a
measurable level of deterrence, while ensuring proper programs
to rehabilitate the accused. Over time, the predominant
philosophy of the US prison system has changed because of
political, societal, and legal or judicial influences. Moreover,
prison leadership has also modified its policies and procedures
to coincide with the respective philosophies in place. Tasks:
Using the Argosy University online library resources and
assigned readings, prepare a 3- to 5-page report including
answers to the following: •From a historical perspective, how
does prison leadership achieve the goals of punishment using
penology theory as a framework? •Has the perspective of using
penology theory as a framework to achieve the goals of
punishment changed throughout history? Are there common
themes that reoccur with the goals of prison management? Note:
Include at least one or two references from the Argosy
University online library. At the end of the report, prepare an
APA-formatted reference page that links back to in-text
citations and supports your recommendations. Remember, you
cannot have only in-text citations or only references. You must
have both. Submission Details: •Save the report as
M1_A3_Lastname_Firstname.doc. •By Wednesday, July 20,
2016, submit your report to the M1: Assignment 3 Dropbox.
*****************************************************
************** Assignment 1: Effects of Solitary
Confinement Solitary confinement is used to keep dangerous
inmates away from other inmates and corrections staff. Typical
solitary confinement consists of twenty-three hours in the cell
and one hour of time-out in the open every day. Prison officials
must take into account the health and welfare of inmates in
solitary confinement. Long-term solitary confinement can be
psychologically challenging for the inmates because of a lack of

human interaction. There is significant monotony, with very
little outside activity. Therefore, there should be appropriate
mental health support for these inmates, in addition to increased
inspections and routine rounds by medical staff. These
considerations need to be weighed against the need for
maintaining administrative management, disciplinary control,
and prisoner protection. Submission Details: By Saturday, July
23, 2016, in a minimum of 250 words, post to the Discussion
Area your responses to the following: •Discuss the mental
effects of solitary confinement and possible long-term
problems. •Discuss some procedures that could be implemented
to ensure the psychological health of prisoners in solitary
confinement. •Explain why it is important that we consider the
mental health of prisoners in solitary confinement.
*****************************************************
**************** Assignment 2: Library Research:
Correctional System Budget The correctional system budget is
one of the largest sections of a state's yearly budget. The
current philosophy of being tough on criminals has resulted in
overcrowding in prisons and massive corrections budgets.
However, the recent overall decline in many state economies
and the national economy has forced states to cut their
corrections budgets and include alternative sanctions other than
incarceration and still be accountable for maintaining public
safety. Most prison systems have been negatively affected in
recent years by these budget cuts. Due to scarce budgets, states
have been forced to reduce staffing and cut funding to crime
prevention programs. The staffing cuts have become necessary
because people are the most expensive part of running a prison.
States have also privatized services and programs such as food
service, medical services, warehouse and maintenance
operations, and educational services to reduce costs. Typically,
programming services are reviewed for reductions as they are
not considered the core of prison operations such as custody and
security. Tasks: Using the Argosy University online library
resources and the textbook readings, write a 3- to 5-page paper

that addresses the following: •Analyze and explain how budget
cuts affect the various programs in the correctional system.
•Analyze the pros and cons of privatizing prison services and
programs to alleviate budgetary costs. Explain whether state
governments should relinquish correctional supervision and
control to private entities. •Explain how enacting legislations
that are thought to be tough on crime affects the prison system's
ethical responsibilities to prisoners. Include the following
points in your responses: •Legal requirements of a correctional
system: food, housing, and medical care •Prison safety •Prison
programs: General Education Development (GED), English as a
Second Language (ESL), and trades Submission Details: •Save
the paper as M2_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc. •By Wednesday,
July 27, 2016, submit your paper to the M2: Assignment 2
Dropbox.
*****************************************************
******************* Assignment 1: Prison Programming and
Its Impact on Rehabilitation and Recidivism In addition to
bringing about positive behavior change among inmates,
reducing recidivism, and making the society safer, effective
prison programming also improves facility operations by
reducing prisoner idleness and institutional violence. Moreover,
effective prison programming can have a substantial impact on
prison operations and the overall criminal justice system and
lead to improved prison operations and reduced chances of
violence inside prisons. Also, prison programming can save the
criminal justice system a lot of money by reducing recidivism.
The result is less money spent on corrections and adjudication
of repeat offenders. Presently, considering the amount of money
allocated to corrections, people expect prison programs to be
effective and capable of lowering recidivism rates. Submission
Details: By Saturday, July 30, 2016, in at least 250 words, post
to the Discussion Area your responses to the following:
•Discuss current trends and prison programs and how they help
in the daily management of inmates. •Discuss examples of
common rehabilitation programs that you could find in prisons.

You may include examples from prisoner reentry programs or
individual programs for prisoners. •List and discuss the types of
programs that reduce chances for violence or focus on prosocial
behavior.
*****************************************************
**************** Assignment 2: LASA 1: Centervale State
Penitentiary’s New Mutual Agreement Parole Program The state
of North Carolina has implemented the Mutual Agreement
Parole Program (MAPP) since 1975 (North Carolina Department
of Corrections, 2011). Because its 2011 report indicates that
approximately 10% of the inmates who started the program were
terminated from the program, the Centervale State Penitentiary
has decided to review North Carolina's MAPP model to
determine how to ethically create its own model. You are a
consultant who has been hired by the Centervale State
Penitentiary to research and build a workable model of a new
MAPP-like program. Like all programs, the MAPP model is
expected to have strengths and weaknesses. North Carolina has
published not only its 2011 report but also its MAPP's policies
and procedures. The director and warden of Centervale Prison
have asked you to review these documents and report on the
following in an 8- to 10-page document. Make sure your
document is APA formatted and follows guidelines of the sixth
edition of the APA, using credible scholarly, academic, and
government resources. Here’s What You Need to Do . . .
1.Research the purposes and goals of inmate reentry programs.
Define and discuss the purposes and goals of inmate reentry as
they relate to the ethical obligations prison administrators and
government officials have to society. 2.North Carolina has been
criticized for allowing violent offenders to return to society
only to reoffend (see the digital resources). Some citizens of
Centervale are concerned about violent offenders who were
once in maximum security, sentenced to life in prison, but who
are now in medium or minimum security after completing or
continuing extensive inmate rehabilitation programming, being
accepted into the MAPP and eventually being released into

Centervale. Recently, citizens have raised their concerns to the
warden and director of prisons because a MAPP parole
reoffended by committing a violent sexual assault on an elderly
female after one week of his release from prison. Evaluate the
criteria for eligibility for North Carolina's MAPP. Address
citizen concerns and prison programming's impact on society if
the Centervale State Penitentiary were to adopt a similar model.
Propose modifications to North Carolina's MAPP eligibility
criteria toward ethical obligations to public safety. Be sure to
provide support for your proposed changes based on your
research on other reentry programs. 3.In August 1979, the state
of Wisconsin published a report on the problems that ended its
Department of Corrections Mutual Agreement Parole Program.
Some of the problems that the Department of Health and Social
Services identified were as follows (State of Wisconsin, 1979,
pp. 116–123): a.No clear expectations and goals were set for
inmates. b.There was lack of rational planning structure by
staff. c.The prison administration did not value or train the
MAPP staff efficiently or effectively. d.The MAPP had no real
links to outside inmate employment opportunities. e.No
postrelease follow-through took place. Compare North
Carolina's MAPP policy and procedures with the understanding
that Wisconsin's program fell apart because of some of the
problems listed above. As a consultant for the Centervale State
Penitentiary, recommend how Centervale's new model might
address Wisconsin's problems a, b, c, d, and e. Develop
solutions to these problems and support your ideas with
research on programming models that have proven to be
successful. 4.Analyze North Carolina's policy and procedure for
termination or renegotiation for inmate MAPP contracts. What
changes or recommendations to this policy and procedure might
you suggest for Centervale? 5.The director of prisons has come
to you with concerns that his office is being criticized for being
soft on crime. He claims that the Gainsville state attorney
general has accused him of unethical practice by making
promises to parole inmates who are considered dangerous to

society through the new MAPP program regardless of Gainsville
state's attorneys, judges, victims, witnesses, and law
enforcement officers who testified in their trials by writing
compelling letters protesting the inmates' release. The
Gainsville state attorney general has argued that North
Carolina's MAPP eligibility requirement of being infraction free
for ninety days is unreasonable because the inmate who was
released and who reoffended after only seven days had forty-
one infractions over more than fifteen years, including assaults
on prison staff and attempted sexual assaults on other inmates,
before being infraction free for ninety days and, therefore,
qualifying for the MAPP. The attorney general further argued
that infraction free for ninety days or not, this inmate should
have never qualified for the MAPP in North Carolina and that it
was unethical to put citizens at risk by granting him parole. The
director of prisons tells you that the Gainsville attorney general
has begun a movement for a new type of parole board in
response to the director's announcement that the MAPP might
be coming to Centervale. The Gainsville attorney general wants
the citizens of Centervale represented on the MAPP parole
board. Recommend how you might create a board of individuals
that would take into account the ethical considerations of the
inmates, the MAPP staff, the victims and families of the
convicted inmate being considered for release, and the citizens
of Centervale. References: North Carolina Department of
Corrections. (2011). Report on the status of the mutual
agreement parole program. Post Release Supervision and Parole
Commission, (Section 17.1, S.L. 2007-323). State of Wisconsin.
(1979). The mutual agreement program: A study of system
intervention in the Wisconsin division of correction (pp. 1–
254). Madison, WI: Department of Health and Social Services,
Division of Corrections. Retrieved from
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/67951NCJRS. pdf
Submission Details: •Save your report as
M3_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc. •By Wednesday, August 3,
2016, submit your report to the M3: Assignment 2 LASA 1

Dropbox.
*****************************************************
***************** Assignment 1: Prisoner Programming as It
Relates to Inmate Characteristics Prison officials deal with
different categories of inmates, such as aging, mentally ill, or
violent inmates. To ensure rehabilitation, prosocial behavior,
and reduction and elimination of violent behavior among
prisoners, there must be proper programming. When considering
the proper programming for prisoners, criminogenic factors and
needs must be taken into account. Programming is recommended
based on each prisoner's unique characteristics. While prisoners
may have some general characteristics as a group, each prisoner
has unique needs and characteristics. Considerations such as
age, medical needs, psychiatric needs, and violence factors
come into play when making needs assessment. Therefore, in
order to ensure optimal chances for rehabilitation and prosocial
behavior among prisoners, proper programming is paramount. It
is important to understand that for programming to be effective,
the "one size fits all" approach is not optimal. Tasks: By
Saturday, August 6, 2016, in at least 250 words, post to the
Discussion Area your answers to the following: •Discuss
examples of rehabilitation programs that you could find related
to different categories of inmates. •Explain how social learning
theory relates to prison programs. •Discuss the evidence that
demonstrates the effectiveness of prison rehabilitation
programs.
*****************************************************
**************** Assignment 2: Punishment vs.
Rehabilitation: What Society Wants vs. What Works It's a
popular notion that harsh punishment in prison should act as a
deterrent to crime. The slogan "to be tough on crime" often
extends to the conditions in prison. The evolution of
punishment has included executions, corporal punishment, hard
labor, and exile. Despite the presence of harsh punishments
since the last twenty years, there has been only a slight
deterrent effect. Conversely, approaches to reduce recidivism

through evidence-based practices and programs have succeeded.
It is important to understand the goals of punishment and how
they relate to public opinion and prison philosophy within the
context of what works according to recent research. Public
opinion often recommends harsh punishments and labor for
inmates during their incarceration. Evaluate the use of hard
labor and even chain gangs and compare to the theories of
criminal rehabilitation and the impact on society. For example,
the governor of North Carolina has ordered the use of inmates
to clean up public areas after Hurricane Irene in 2011. Tasks:
Look for the quantitative and qualitative research available to
you on the use of inmate labor in your state and one other state
using the Argosy University online library resources and
prepare a 2- to 3-page paper addressing the following: •Evaluate
the outcome of making inmates do hard labor and compare the
theories of criminal rehabilitation and the impact on society.
•Find research evaluating the outcome of making inmates do
hard labor. Does the research support the use of hard labor as an
effective method to elicit rehabilitation? Analyze and explain.
Note: Make sure you include a reference page in APA style.
Submission Details: •Save the paper as
M4_A2_Lastname_Firstname.doc. •By Wednesday, August 10,
2016, submit your paper to the M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox.
*****************************************************
**************** Assignment 1: LASA 2: Centervale State
Penitentiary Management of Prison Violence The Ninth Circuit
Court has received a large number of complaints filed by
prisoners claiming that their civil rights are being violated
because they are housed in accommodations made unsafe due to
the frequent outbursts of violence in the Centervale State
Penitentiary. As a result, the Ninth Circuit Court judge has
given the governor an ultimatum that if the amount of violence
in the prison is not reduced, the prison's management and
leadership will be turned over to the federal government. The
director of prisons is now under scrutiny because it appears that
the warden, his administrators, and his staff are not maintaining

a safe environment for staff either, as evidenced by the brutal
beating of a male staff member during a fight between two
prison gangs in the corridor outside the mess hall inside the
Centervale State Penitentiary. As the assistant to the warden's
director of the Penology Research Team, you have been asked
to prepare a report that explains penology theory, prison
violence, inmate programming, and rehabilitation for the
warden and for the director of prisons that the governor will
most likely review. Challenges that you will have to address in
your report are many, but primarily, the director of prisons is
interested in how prison violence will be reduced by 5% within
one year, regardless of the fact that the legislature has just cut
even more funding on the corrections system when the prison is
understaffed and inmates are in need of programs. Here’s What
You Need to Do . . . Using APA format and APA guidelines,
compose an 8- to 10-page paper using the Argosy University
online library resources to address the following: 1.Define and
discuss in detail the goals of penology theory and integrate the
discussion with the overarching goal of prison management and
leadership. 2.Research US penology theory and practice.
Identify and explain five strengths and five weaknesses of the
US prison management system as a whole. 3.The Centervale
State Penitentiary is an old prison with a limited number of
cameras in a few places. It does not have state-of-the-art
equipment, and its policies and procedures to counteract prison
violence have been in place for decades. Research penology
prison violence reduction plans, policy, and procedure using the
Argosy University online library resources. Discuss at least one
violence reduction program that has failed and one program that
you think might work. Be sure to explain why the program was
successful or why it might have failed. 4.The Centervale State
Penitentiary has two programs for inmates to work in—the
Cafeteria Program and the Prison Grounds Program. No
educational programs exist at this time. Propose a course of
action to reduce violence by implementing the following:
•Educational Programming •Employee Developmental Training

•Proactive Supervision Model 5.The brutal beating of
Centervale State Penitentiary corrections Officer Brian Belle
outraged the public to the extent that some citizens protested
against inmates' rights in the state capitol. Officer Belle
suffered a broken leg, a broken arm, eight broken ribs, one
broken vertebrae, and a skull fracture, which caused medical
professionals to keep him in a medically induced coma for over
a month. After more than six months, Officer Belle returned to
work, only to face the same situation again in the same corridor
under the same policies. Staunchly, Officer Belle maintains his
authority in the prison and intends to testify against them at
their trial. Officer Belle constantly receives community support,
and the District Attorney's Office receives constant complaints
about how long it is taking to try the inmates charged with
assaulting Officer Belle. Research and explain from a broad
perspective how prison violence impacts society. Does prison
violence impact society? Be very specific in stating ways in
which prison violence might impact society, based on your
research findings using credible sources. Submission Details:
•Save the report as M5_A1_Lastname_Firstname.doc. •By
Monday, August 15, 2016, submit your report to the M5:
Assignment 1 LASA 2 Dropbox.
*****************************************************
*************** Assignment 2: Lessons from the Past with a
Focus on the Future We are the sum total of our experience to
date. Therefore, we need to review and know our past and learn
to improve our future. A review of the past two hundred years
of prison history shows that history repeats itself. Throughout
our history, we have passed through the same eras, naming them
slightly different each time. For instance, if we look
historically, the period of transition we are moving toward now
is a community-based (rehabilitative) model, which was
experienced most recently in the 1960s and the 1970s. The
criminal justice system tries to learn from the past mistakes and
achievements in each era and believes to execute the dominant
philosophies more effectively in the future. The theories have a

theoretical base but are modified based on social, judicial, and
legislative influences. Knowledge, research, experience, and
technology all impact our theories as well. We continue to
evolve, which is a positive characteristic. The nature of crime
and our knowledge of how to address crime have also changed.
The sophistication of our diagnostic and assessment techniques
and instruments has allowed us to identify criminogenic factors.
This will allow us to not only improve outcomes but also make
contributions to social policy. We will continue to need bright,
motivated people to take us into the future. We also need to
review our approach to sentencing and ensure it is contributing
to success. Through this class, we have learned about the
history, theories, and future of corrections. By now, have your
views about penology and its directions changed? Tasks: By
Sunday, August 14, 2016, in at least 250 words, post to the
Discussion Area your answers to the following questions: •What
are some of the future challenges facing corrections and the
steps we could take to deal with the challenges? •What impact
will technology have on the future of penology? •Does the
criminal justice system require a new paradigm for sentencing?
*****************************************************
**************** Please have ALL assignments returned by
the appropriate due dates.

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