Business ppt

1. LUNAR INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE
SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS
Thesis Defense
The Role of Stakeholders’ in Managing Road Construction
Projects:
The Case of Addis Ababa Roads Authority
By :-Abdisa Ermias
August 2022
Addis Ababa,Ethiopia

2. Contents
 Statement of Problem
 Research Questions
 Research Objectives
 Conceptual Framework
 Methods of the Research
 Study design and Approach
 Target population and sampling procedures
 Sampling method
 Sampling size determination
 Data type and sources
 Data collection instruments
 Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretations
 Results/key findings
 Conclusion
 Recommendation

3. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
 The initiation of this research was largely due to personal observation and the low
performance of the construction projects in terms of stakeholder management.
 One of the major concerns arising from construction project management is the recognition
and management of project stakeholders as they are a major source of uncertainty about the
project.
 Successful construction project management can be carried out only when the responsible
managers take the potential influence of the project's stakeholders into account.
 Instead of filling in the gaps described above, this research would attempts to analyze the
role of stakeholders in managing road infrastructure projects with reference to Addis Ababa
road construction projects.

4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Specifically the researcher would answer the following research questions.
 What criteria used to identify AACRA Stakeholders?
 What roles do the stakeholders play in the road construction projects in Addis
Ababa?
 What mechanisms of stakeholders’ engagement used in the AACRA road
projects?
 How effective are these mechanisms in engaging stakeholders in the AACRA
road projects?
 What are the major challenges of stakeholders’ engagement in the road
construction projects in Addis Ababa?

5. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
General objective
The main objective of this research
was to explore the role of
stakeholders in managing
construction projects in the case of
Addis Ababa City Road Authority.
Specific objective
 To identify the criteria used AACRA
Stakeholders
 To assess the role of stakeholders in road
construction projects in AACRA.
 To assess the mechanisms of stakeholders’
engagement
 To analyze the extent of the mechanisms of
stakeholders’ engagement effectiveness in the
road construction projects in Addis Ababa?
 To identify the major challenges of stakeholders’
engagement in the road construction sector in
AACRA.

6. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Good
Stakeholder management
Stakeholder engagement practice
•Personal past experience
•Interviews
•Questionnaires and surveys
•Professional services
•Workshops
•Negotiations
•Social contacts
Attributes of the Stakeholders
•Attitude
•Legitimacy
•Vested Interest
•Urgency
•Power
•Knowledge
•Proximity
Stakeholder engagement challenges
Independent variable
Dependent Variable

7. METHODS OF THE RESEARCH
Study design and Approach
The research were intend at assessing the role of stakeholder management on roads
projects, descriptive research method is used in order to investigate and describe the
roles of stakeholders’ participation on roads projects because descriptive research is
quantitative in nature.
 In this research mixed approach research designs were used. According to
Morgan, (2017), describe a mixed approach as a method that combines both the
collection and analysis of quality and quantity data and the corresponding
analysis. The reason is because it provides a better understanding of the research
problem and yield more complete evidence.

8. Target population and sampling procedures
The target population for this research was seventy two (72). The study focused on
AACRA located in Addis Ababa, under Bole sub city: Construction of Bole
International Airport to Goro Asphalt Roads Pro ject.
 These road construction projects include different department and members of
project.
 The selected populations have knowledge in project stakeholder management.
 The targeted population consists of General Manager, project managers,
project supervisors, residential and office engineers, site engineers, designers
and team leader’s organizations with experience and with direct contacts in
their jobs in the stakeholder management in road Construction projects.

9. Sampling method
In this research, census method was employed since the targeted population is
below 300.
 According to (Kish, 1979), The census process in which all members of the
community are tested.
 The calculation method refers to statistical analysis in which data is
collected from each unit of people. It is sometimes called complete
calculation, 100% calculation, or complete survey.

10. Sampling size determination
No Targeted population Sample size
1 Project manager 8
2 Contractor 8
3 Consultant 7
4 Engineer 31
5 Expert 8
6 Project team members 10
Total 72
Source own survey (2022)
In this study, the samples were not used as the entire target audience and the
researcher used a completed survey or census samples, as shown in table

11. Data type and sources
Data for this research were collected both from primary and secondary sources.
 The primary data were collected using a questionnaire; officers in headquarters
that involve in the stakeholder process directly or indirectly and open-ended
interview equations and focused group.
 In addition project documents, journals, and other company documents were
reviewed as the secondary source.

12. Data collection instruments
The data collection was done using open ended and closed ended questionnaires,
survey design, interview guides and observation.
 To achieve the research objectives, relevant data was collected. The data
were collect from primary data source which is obtained from the original
source of information.
 secondary data sources; which includes desk studies, books, previous
researches, publications, and journals. The desk study focused on Addis
Ababa Roads Authority in respect of the stakeholders’ influence and
construction project’s phases of public organizations.

13. Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretations
The data were summarized and categorized according to common themes.
 In this study, Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze both
qualitative and quantitative data because it is the simplest method of analysis
and it provides a general overview of the obtained results (Neoum, 2007).
 The SPSS computer software use to aid the analysis as it is more users
friendly and most appropriate for analysis of Management related attitudinal
responses (Acuna, 2002).

14. RESULTS/KEY FINDINGS
A total of 72 questionnaires were produced and administered to the sampled
respondents, at the end of data collection process a total of 68 questionnaires were
returned, coded and analyzed.

15. Stakeholder Identification
The findings indicated that different combinations of criteria or instruments are
used as a base for stakeholder identification.
 The stakeholder identification process ranges from project brainstorming
session (26.5%) to stakeholder forum (10.3%) and using past lessons learned
(41.2%) from related projects, moreover, they consult with government to
ensure that stakeholders relevant to the work are identified.
 The main identification criteria are the first being the mission and vision-based
selection (64.7%) of the respondents.
 Therefore, the findings indicated that different combinations of criteria or
instruments are used as a base for stakeholder identification.

16. In project management stakeholders are individuals, groups or organizations
which have interest in the outcome of the project.
 Based on the results of this study consultant, contractors, financial donors,
NGOs, clients, beneficiaries, land owners, Environmentalists, governmental
bodies, general publics, Medias, and Ethiopian Electric power corporations are
stakeholders who involved in the project actively.
 Clients with the major role of supporting the project operation,
 Consultants with the role of analyzing weakness and strength of the project
 Donor with the major role of determining project scope are the main key
stakeholders, who have the most influence in the construction project in the
Addis Ababa City Road Authority.
Role of Stakeholders in Project Management in the Study Area

17. Stakeholder Engagement Practice
The findings indicated that different combinations of criteria or instruments are
used as a base for stakeholder identification.
 Personal past experience, interviews, professional services, workshops, and
questionnaires are effective Approaches to analyze stakeholders’ interest in
the Addis Ababa City Road Authority.
 The compromising strategy, adaptation strategy, influence strategy, and
avoidance strategy are effective in response to the stakeholder claims.

18. Stakeholder Assessment
The stakeholder assessment indicated that
 The client (1st rank), and donor (2nd rank) are on the top of the list; meaning that
these stakeholders are likely to have the most influence on construction projects
and should therefore receive the project manager’s most attention.
 The consultant scores the 3rd rank, INGO's/ NGO's in the 4th rank, and the
contractor in 5th rank .This implies that despite of being lower than the client’s
and donor scar, these stakeholders have a high level of potential influence on
construction projects in the Addis Ababa City.

19. Challenges of Stakeholder Engagement
Results obtained from this study showed that; the challenge for stakeholder
engagement while working in multi-stakeholder environment are
 communication gaps that they have encountered in relation to language
difference and utilization of communication tools
 The second accounts to incompatible interest of partners; challenges of
cultural difference; late identification of stakeholder’s interest; failure to
identify all relevant stakeholders and offering them the level of attention
they deserve; procedure related; gaps I knowledge about the issue at hand
are presented in order of ranking.

20. CONCLUSION
To conclude based on the findings
 The study on the role of stakeholders in managing road construction projects
in the Addis Ababa City Road projects showed that there are many
stakeholders who participated on the authority projects actively but have
variances in the degree of influence toward the construction projects among
the set of stakeholders which were selected in this research, and the concealed.
 Results show the stakeholder priority in order of the influence index, ranking
from highest to lowest influence impact on the construction project in the
Addis Ababa City Road Authority according to the following: the clients,
donors, consultants, INGOs/NGOs, contractors, Beneficiaries, Governmental
authorities, Land owners and general public stakeholders who are involved on
the project activities.

21. RECOMMENDATION
Based on the finding of the study the following are the most important recommendations of
the research.
 It is recommended that project managers have to develop the project communication
management plan in order to ensure the effective communication between the project and
its stakeholders.
 Project managers should engage the construction stakeholders as early as possible and
work closely with the client and donor as they are the most important in construction
projects in the Addis Ababa City Road Authority.