This is the presentation on Deviance. This presentation is made by Ms. Alina Thapa.

1. DEVIANCE
PRESENTED BY:
A L I N A T H A PA

2. INTRODUCTION
• In sociology, deviance describes an action or behavior that violates social
norms, including a formally enacted rule (e.g., crime),as well as informal
violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).
• Society has certain conformities which are to be obeyed by the members of
society , if someone violates the rules and regulation ,social beliefs in action
is called social deviance.
• Cheating ,unfairness ,malingering ,immortality,
dishonesty,betrayal,corruption,wickedness,drunkcardness,gambling,theft,rob
bery and sexual assaults are some examples of deviant behavior.

3. MAJOR TYPES OF DEVIANCE
1. Innovation
2. Ritualism
3. Retreatism
4. Rebellion

4. Innovation
• Here, the actors should be hard workers, disciplined,
honest and dedicated towards his duties.
• Various cultural standards should be followed within
which activities are accomplished. But some people
innovate unhealthy means to achieve their goals .
• For example , students cheats on exam, criminals collect
money by corruption , black business etc.

5. Ritualism
• They regard rules as sacred.
• Sugar coated words are used to spend time rather than
innovating new ideas.
• People just do their work for the sake of their duties.
• Bureaucrats tends to do lip service rather than performing their
duties and obligations with new zeal and innovation.
• For example: professor doesn’t engage his student in discussion,
only provides old notes and doesn’t make student understand,
doesn’t engage his students in presentation and research then ,
that is ritualistic task.

6. Retreatism
• Here the corrupted and arrogant people do not
follow the norms and values.
• They are unable to get success honestly nor they
follows the rules of society.
• For example: drug addicts, criminals violates the
social norms and seek their ends by using
unhealthy means.

7. Rebellion
• The rebellions seek reconstruction in the existing order.
• They becomes against the existing political,
educational, and religious system.
• They feels superior than conventional social system.
• ‘book haram’ of Nigeria , ‘Taliban of Afghanistan ‘ and
‘Maoist chhapamars ’ of India and Nepal are some
illustrations of rebellions.
• Mainly occurs in politics and religion.

8. Major factors affecting social devianc
• Faulty socialization
• Weak sanctions and poor enforcement
• Ease of rationalization
• Ambivalence of the agent of social control and the secrecy of
violations
• Infinite range of norms
• Sentiments and loyalty to deviant group
• Illiteracy, poverty, and social discriminations may lead towards
social discrimination
• Frustrations and insecurity can lead towards deviations

9. ANY
QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU!