Verbs is a topic which comes under the English Grammar .Hope this presentation is helpful to everyone specially for child's.

1. VERBS
Roll no-PH-04
Submitted to-Deepak R. Gupta Sir.
Name of Course-M Pharmacy(Pharmaceutics)
SVKM's NMIMS (Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies) 1

2. INDEX
Sr.no Content Slide no.
1 What is a Verb? 3
2 Main verbs and Auxiliaries 7
3 Main verbs and Auxiliaries 16
4 Am, is are 22
5 Was and Were 35
6 Was and Were 45
7 Shall and Will 54
8 Can and Could 59
9 May and Might 65
10 Do, Does and Did 67
11 Would and Should 73
12 Regular and Irregular Verbs 77
2

3. Verb comes from the Latin Word Verbum.
A Verb is a word which denotes action in a sentence.
It is the most important Part of Speech.
Example-
1.The girl Laughs.
2.The child Plays.
3

4. In the above sentences-
the word plays & laughs are Verbs & they tell us what the subject of the sentence (girl and
child respectively) does.
OR
A Verb is a word used to tell or assert something about some person or the thing.
 A Verb may tell us-
1.What a person or thing does ; as,
1. Harry laughs.
2.The clock strikes.
4

5. 2.What is done to a person or thing ; as ,
1.Hari is scolded.
2.The window is broken.
3.What a person or thing is ;as,
1.The cat is dead.
2.Glass is brittle. 5

6. A Verb often consists of more than one word ; as,
1.The girls were singing. 2. I have learnt my lesson.
3.The watch has been found.
6

7. INTRODUCTION TO VERBS
There are four main forms of the English verbs:
1.Present (V1)
2.Past (V2)
3.Past Participle (V3)
4.Present Participle (V1+ing)
7

8.  Everyone is already familiar with these forms of verbs.
Below are the conjugation of some verbs of common use.
[Conjugation means giving the different forms of a verb.]
Conjugations of Some Verbs
V1
(Present)
V2
(Past)
V3
(Past Participle)
V+ ing
(Present Participle)
abuse ask abused abusing
apply applied applied applying
ask asked asked asking
8

9. V1 V2 V3 V1+ing
become became become becoming
beg begged begged begging
bite bit bitten biting
blow blew blown blowing
borrow borrowed borrowed borrowing
break broke broken breaking
bring brought brought bringing
burn burnt burnt burning
buy bought bought buying
carry carried carried carrying
catch caught caught catching
cut cut cut cutting
die died died dying
draw drew drawn drawing 9

10. V1 V2 V3 V+ing
drive drove driven driving
drink drank drunk drinking
eat ate eaten eating
fall fell fallen falling
feel felt felt feeling
fight fought fought fighting
fly flew flown flying
forget forgot forgotten forgetting
get got got getting
give gave given giving
go went gone going
grow grew grown growing
hide hid hidden hiding
make made made making 10

11. V1 V2 V3 V1+ing
rise rose risen rising
run ran run running
say said said saying
send sent sent sending
set set set setting
shine shone shone shining
shut shut shut shutting
sleep slept slept sleeping
spend spent spent spending
steal stole stolen stealing
sweep swept swept sweeping
teach taught taught teaching
think thought thought thinking
throw threw thrown throwing 11

12. EXERCISE 1:-
Rewrite using the Past (V2) form of the verbs given in brackets:
1.We (meet) our friends in the park.
2.I (wait) at the bus-stop for half an hour.
3.The wind (blow) very hard at last night.
4.We (hear) this speech over the radio.
5. They (send) her a letter yesterday.
6.Anita (lose) her pen in the class.
7.He (buy) a chocolate.
8.They (try) their best.
9.We (win) the race.
10.She (wear) a red shirt.
12

13. Answers:
1.We met our friends in the park.
2.I waited at the bus-stop for half an hour.
3.The wind blew very hard at last night.
4.We heard this speech over the radio.
5. They sent her a letter yesterday.
6.Anita lost her pen in the class.
7. He bought a chocolate.
8.They tried their best.
9.We won the race.
10.She wore a red shirt.
13

14. Add –ing to the following verbs:
swim skip write run begin
apply live put lie shine
14

15. Answers:
swimming skipping writing running beginning
applying living putting lying shining
15

16. MAIN VERBS AND AUXILIARIES
English has two kind of verbs:
1.Main Verbs
2.Auxiliary(or Helping) Verbs
16

17. Study this table:
SUBJECT VERB
Auxiliary Main
Complement
1 She is going home.
2 I have finished my work.
3 You will win a prize.
4 I can solve this question.
5 He was playing cricket.
17

18. Main Verbs:-
-Tell you ‘what happened’ or ‘what the situation is’.
-have four forms –
V1,V2,V3,V1+ing.
-It expresses possibility, permission, necessity, request,
compulsion, promise, suggestion, or or ability.
Auxiliary Verbs:-
help to form a tense.
-help to form a negatives and questions.
18

19. List of Auxiliary verbs:
is had do does
am did will shall
are should can could
was may might must
were has have
for e.g:
1.The boy is dancing.
2.He will come tomorrow.
19

20. EXERCISE 2:
Fill in the blanks with appropriate auxiliaries:
1.I____lift this weight.
2.We____help our friends.
3.He____not telling the truth.
4.The sun ____not set in the east.
5.You____sit on this bench.
6.Boys____are playing in the park.
7.______her son back?
8.You _______speak the truth.
9._______I read?
10.We______going to Pune.
20

21. Answers:
1.I can lift this weight.
. 2. We must help or friends.
3.He is not telling the truth.
4.The sun does not set in the east
5.You may sit on this bench
6.Boys are playing in the park.
7.Will her son back?
8.You do speak the truth.
9.Shall I read?
10.We are going to Pune.
21

22. AM,IS &ARE
The words AM,IS & ARE are also the verbs.
They are the helping verbs not an action words.
 They are the Simple Present Tense of the verb be.
22

23. • How to use AM,IS & ARE??
Singular Plural
FIRST PERSON I am we are
SECOND
PERSON
You are You are
THIRD PERSON He is
She is
It is
They are
They are
They are
23

24. e.g. 1.He is running a race. 2.They are reading books.
3.The playground is full of people 4.The balloons are very colorful.
24

25. These verbs are used to show plan, agreement or command.
e.g.
1.We are meeting him this weekend.
2. We are discussing the project at the moment.
3.We are paying when they deliver the goods.
25

26. Use is and are with the word there to say what you can see and hear.
e.g.
1. There are lot of books in the library.
2. There are two guards at the gate.
3.Is there any food in the fridge?
4.Are there any apples left on the tree?
5.How much rice is there?
6. There are some clouds in the sky.
7.There are two rooms on the second floor.
26

27. EXERCISE 3:
Fill in the blanks with am, is & are:
1. She ________ ill.
2. You ________ all welcome to my office.
3. I ________ angry with Joe.
4. You ________ taller than Charlie.
5. We ________ very hungry.
6. He ________ a soldier.
7.She _____ very clever.
8.It _______ very hot today.
9.I _____ going.
10.We______ performing on the stage.
27

28. Answers:
1.She is ill.
2. You are all welcome to my office.
3. I am angry with Joe.
4. You are taller than Charlie.
5. We are very hungry.
6. He is a soldier.
7.She is very clever.
8.It is very hot today.
9.I am going.
10.We are performing on the stage.
28

29. Am, is & are is used in the in the present progressive tense.
(Present progressive tense is about actions in the present, or things that are still going on or
happening now).
e.g.
1. The mobile phone is ringing.
2. He’s riding a car.
3. They are still sleeping.
4. They are swimming in the river.
29

30. If a verb ends in e, you usually have to drop the e before you add -ing.
e.g.
chase + ing = chasing
smile + ing = smiling
30

31. Am, is & are is used to talk about things you have planned to do, or things that are going to
happen in the future.
for e.g.
1. When are you taking me to the movie.
2. All our friends are coming tomorrow.
3. What are we eating for dinner?
4. I am visiting Mumbai next week.
31

32. Sometimes we have to double the last letter of some verbs before we add -ing.
e.g.
put + ing = putting
rob + ing = robbing
stop + ing = stopping
jog + ing = jogging
32

33.  If a verb ends in e, you usually not to write the e before you add -ing.
e.g.
chase + ing = chasing
please + ing = pleasing
smile + ing = smiling
cycle + ing = cycling
33

34. Am, is & are used in the formation of the Passive Voice.
e.g.
1.She is greeted by her well-wishers.
2.We are served dinner.
It is used in the formation of the Continuous tense.
e.g.
1.I am sleeping. 2.They are reading books.
34

35. HAVE and HAS
Have and Has are the common verbs used to say what people own or possess.
These words are the simple present tense of the verb have.
They are also used to talk about things that people do or get, such as illnesses.
35

36. e.g.
1. Tony have long nails.
2. She has long hair.
3. We have dinner at 7:00 p.m.
4. Our house has large doors.
5. Have a coffee, if you like.
6. I have a one brother.
7. Riya often has sweets for dinner.
8.I have a one pen.
36

37. How have and has are used??
Have and has are used as the important verbs.
The proper use of this verbs are given below-
Singular Plural
First Person I have We have
Second Person You have You have
Third Person He has
She has
It has
They have
They have
They have
37

38. Some contractions:
I have = I’ve you have = you’ve
he has = he’s she has = she’s
it has = it’s we have = we’ve
they have = they’ve
have not = haven’t
has not = hasn’t
38

39. Have and has are also used as:
A. In the formation of the Present Tense-
e.g.
1.We have taken our luggage.
2.She has come back.
B. To indicate necessity-
e.g.
1.They have to help her.
2.He has to go early. 39

40. C. To indicate possession.
e.g.
1.They have a pet dog.
2.I have a camera.
3.Ruby has a Barbie doll.
.
40

41. The verbs have and has are used as “helping” or auxiliary verbs.
Generally used to form the present perfect tense.
(present perfect tense is used to talk about happenings in the past that explain or affect the
present).
e.g.
1.They have opened a new store.
2.Mr. Pruthvi has lost his wallet.
3. John has scored two goals.
4. I’ve just finished my lunch
41

42. How to form a Present perfect tense:
To form the present perfect tense join have or has to
the past participle of the verb:
have + past participle
has + past participle
The past participle of a regular verb usually ends in –ed.
 But the past participles of irregular verbs don’t follow
this rule.
42

43. Exercise 4:
Fill in the blanks have and has:
1.We ________ a new friend today.
2 .He ________ a gun.
3. I often ________ fruit for dessert.
4 . You ________ a good chance of winning the race.
5. She always ________ heavy food for breakfast.
6 .They never ________ any problem with tests.
7. Dad ___ a cold.
8.We____taken our bags.
9.I _____ a cake.
10. We ____ math lectures on Tuesdays. 43

44. Answers:
1.We have a new friend today.
2 .He has a gun.
3. I often have fruit for dessert.
4 . You have a good chance of winning the race.
5. She always has heavy food for breakfast.
6 .They never have any problem with tests.
7. Dad has a cold.
8.We have taken our bags.
9.I have a cake.
10. We have math lectures on Tuesdays.
44

45. WAS AND WERE
The verbs was and were are also forms of the verb be.
 Was is the simple past tense of am and is.
 Use was-
with the pronouns I
he
she
it and with singular pronoun.
45

46. e.g.
1.He was scolded by his teacher.
2.She was very clever.
3.I was going to movie.
4.It was a very big animal.
5.She was doing a homework
46

47. Were is the simple past tense of are.
 Use were –
with the pronouns you,
we
they and with plural nouns
e.g.
1.We were eating lunch.
2.They were caught
3.Those were my best shirt.
4.You were scared.
5.We were watching movie.
6.They were trying to climb hill.
.
47

48. How to use was and were?
Singular Plural
First Person I was We were
Second Person You were You were
Third Person He was
She was
It was
They were
They were
They were
48

49. Different forms of verb be:
Singular Plural
First person
Singular
am was
Second person
singular
are were
Third person
singular
is was
First person plural are were
Second person
plural
are were
Third person plural are were
49

50. Was and were are used in the Past Progressive Tense.
( it talk about actions that were going on at a certain moment in the past.)
e.g.
1. The twins were fighting in the corner.
2. Mary was cleaning the chalkboard.
3. Julie was packing her clothes into her bag.
50

51. In the examples above, was and were are called helping verbs, or auxiliary verbs.
They help to form the past progressive tense, when you join them to the present participle
i.e. the form of verbs ending in –ing .
e.g.
1. Ricky was doing his homework.
2. He was making a model of a building.
51

52. Exercise 4:
1.I ………………. Hungry.
2. The boy ………………… sleeping
3. We …………………. waiting for them.
4. The girls ……………….. singing.
5. The peacock ………………… dancing.
6. It ………………… getting dark.
7. She ……………….. Upset.
8. You ..................... playing with your friends.
9. They …………………. working on an important project.
10. James and John ..................... playing chess.
52

53. Answers:-
1. I was hungry.
2. The boy was sleeping.
3. We were waiting for them.
4. The girls were singing.
5. The peacock was dancing.
6. It was getting dark.
7. She was upset.
8. You were playing with your friends.
9. They were working on an important project
53

54. Shall and Will
Use the verbs shall and will as helping verbs or auxiliary verbs to form the future tense.
(for things that have not happened yet, but are going to happen.)
e.g.
1.You will enjoy visiting India.
2. Dad will be back for lunch.
3. We shall play a game of chess after breakfast.
4. He will make lots of friends at his new college.
54

55. Use of Shall and will-
Singular Plural
First person I shall
I will
we shall
we will
Second person you will you will
Third person he will
she will
it will
they will
they will
they will
55

56. Some contractions-
I shall = I’ll we shall = we’ll
I will = I’ll we will = we’ll
you will = you’ll they will = they’ll
he will = he’ll she will = she’ll
shall not = shan’t it will = it’ll
56

57. Exercise 5:
1.…………………… the messenger wait for the reply?
2. ………………….. I carry this bag for you?
3. He …………………… . be talking all the time without doing anything.
4. This machine ………………….. work well without giving you any trouble.
5. ………………… .. you give me your dictionary?
6. …………………… you be kind enough to lend me your car?
7. On receipt of this letter you ………………… .. leave for Mumbai at once.
8. ………………… you come with me?
9. Tell him that he …………………… never repeat that mistake.
10. …………………… .. I put the heating on?
57

58. Answers:
1. Shall the messenger wait for the reply?
2. Shall I carry this bag for you?
3. He will be talking all the time without doing anything.
4. This machine will work well without giving you any trouble.
5. Will you give me your dictionary?
6. Will you be kind enough to lend me your car?
7. On receipt of this letter you shall leave for Mumbai at once.
8. Will you come with me?
9. Tell him that he shall never repeat that mistake.
10. Shall I put the heating on?
58

59. Can and Could
The verbs can and could are both helping or auxiliary verbs.
 Use can and could to talk about people’s ability to do things.
Can and Could are used with the-
the pronouns I it
you we
he they
she
59

60. People often use can when they are asking for permission to do something.
For example:
Can I use your bike?
e.g
1. I can swim.
2.She can knit.
3.We can speak English.
4.Can you speak French?
5.She can draw beautiful pictures
60

61. Exercise 6:
• Fill in the blanks with can or could. In some cases, they are both possible.
1. ______ I ask you something?
2. She said I _____ come as often as I liked.
3. Jack _______not go to work yesterday because he was ill.
4. He ______ borrow my car, if she asked.
5. I ______have married her, if I had wanted to.
6. _______ you lend me some pounds until tomorrow?
7. When I was a child, I _______ play whenever I wanted to.
8. ‘Where is John?’ He _____be in the garden.
9. It was a place where anything _______ happen
10. I ______not understand anything she said.
61

62. Answers:
1. Can / Could I ask you something?
2. She said I could come as often as I liked.
3. Jack could not go to work yesterday because he was ill.
4. He could borrow my car, if she asked.
5. I could have married her, if I had wanted to.
6. Can / Could you lend me some pounds until tomorrow?
7. When I was a child, I could play whenever I wanted to.
8. ‘Where is John?’ He could be in the garden.
9. It was a place where anything could happen.
10. I could not understand anything she said.
62

63. May and Might
May and might are helping or auxiliary verbs, too.
Use may to ask if you are allowed to do something,
or to give some possibility to do something.
e.g.
1.I think I might be coming down with the flu.
2.That may be a better solution.
3. I might go out tonight.
63

64. Use for the permission-
e.g.
1.May I ask a question?
2.May I come in?
3.May I drop you?
64

65. Exercise 7:
1.____ I come in?
2._____ I borrow your bicycle?
3.It _____rain in the evening.
4. _____ you find love and happiness!
5. She said that she_____come.
6. It ____ rain in the afternoon.
7. She ____ be at home.
8. He _____ have been killed !
9. He____ be on holidays.
10. ___ I go out Mum?
65

66. 1.Can I come in?
2. Can I borrow your bicycle?
3. It may rain in the evening.
4. May you find love and happiness!
5.She said that she might come.
6. It may rain in the afternoon.
7. She may be at home
8.He might have been killed !
9.He may be on holidays.
10. May I go out Mum?
66

67. Do, Does and Did
Use do, does and did to talk about actions.
These are the common verbs which are used.
e.g.
1.I do my laundry on Saturdays.
2.He does nothing all day.
3.Did the bus arrive late?
4. Mom does the cooking.
67

68. How to use Do and Does?
Singular Plural
First person I do we do
Second person you do you do
Third person he does
she does
it does
they did
they did
they did
68

69. How to use verb Did?
Singular Plural
First Person I did we did
Second Person you did you did
Third Person he did
she did
she did
they did
they did
they did
69

70. Do, does and did are helping verbs used to ask and answer questions.
e.g.
1. Did you visit a museum while you were there?
2. Why did you say that?
3. Did the train arrive late?
4. Does he drive to work?
5. Do you like my shirt?
70

71. Exercise 8:
Q. Complete the following sentences use do,does and did-
1. …………………. you know where John lives?
2. She …………………. not waste her time.
3. We …………………… not mind coming again.
4. Maya ………………….. not speak English well.
5. I …………………… not see the picture yesterday.
6. Alice ………………….. not work here.
7. I ……………….. not want to seek his help.
8. They …………………. not understand our problems.
9. He …………………….. not understand the need to stay united.
10. My mother ………………….. not let us stay up late.
71

72. Answers:
1. Do you know where John lives?
2. She does not waste her time.
3. We do not mind coming again.
4. Maya does not speak English well.
5. I did not see the picture yesterday.
6. Alice does not work here.
7. I do not want to seek his help.
8. They do not understand our problems.
9. He does not understand the need to stay united.
10. My mother does not let us stay up late.
72

73. Would and Should
The verb would and should is another helping or auxiliary verb.
 Use would as the past tense of will.
e.g. of would-
1.Would you like to read his speech?
2.That would be the best way.
3. He was in trouble because his scholars would not study.
4. Would you like it again?
73

74. Should is a helping or auxiliary verb.
 Use should to talk about necessary actions or things that people ought to do.
e.g. of should:
1. I should clean up.
2. Should I continue?
3. What should I eat?
4. Everyone should go.
74

75. Exercise 9:
Q.Fill in the blanks with should and would:
1. Everybody ............................. wear seat belts.
2. When we were kids, we ................................ spend hours playing football.
3. I told them we ................................ probably be late.
4. We ................................ be grateful for an early reply.
5. People ............................... drive more carefully.
6. ............................ you like something to eat?
7. ........................... we invite Mary?
8. You ............................... not have called him a fool - it really upset him.
9. ............................. we call the police?
10. I wish it ............................. stop raining.
75

76. Answers:
1. Everybody should wear seat belts.
2. When we were kids, we would spend hours playing football.
3. I told them we would / should probably be late.
4. We should / would be grateful for an early reply.
5. People should drive more carefully.
6. Would you like something to eat?
7. Should we invite Mary?
8. You should not have called him a fool – it really upset him.
9. Should we call the police?
10. I wish it would stop raining.
76

77. Regular and Irregular verbs
The simple past tense of most verbs ends in -ed. These verbs are called regular verbs.
OR
Regular verbs are those whose past tense and past participles are formed by adding a -d
or an -ed to the end of the verb.
"To roll" is a good example of a regular verb:
roll, rolled, rolled
Sometimes the last consonant must be doubled before adding the -ed ending.
For example:
plan, planned, planned
77

78. Irregular verbs
There are over 250 irregular verbs in English. Although they do not follow a formula, there
are some fairly common irregular forms. Some of these forms are:
• break, broke, broken
• cut, cut, cut
• run, ran, run
• meet, met, met
• come, came, come
• repay, repaid, repaid
• swim, swam, swum
• be was/were been
78

79. Exercise 10 :
Irregular Verbs - Past Simple
• Change the verb into the past simple
1) I (hear) a new song on the radio.
2) I (read) three books last week.
3) They (speak) French to the waitress.
4) He (understand) during the class, but now he doesn't understand.
5) I (forget) to buy some milk.
6) She (have) a baby in June.
7) You (lose) your keys last week.
8) They (swim) 500m.
9) I (give) my mother a CD for Christmas.
10) At the age of 23, she (become) a doctor.
79

80. Answers:
1) I (heard) a new song on the radio.
2) I (read) three books last week.
3) They (spoke) French to the waitress.
4) He (understood) during the class, but now he doesn't understand.
5) I (forgot) to buy some milk.
6) She (had) a baby in June.
7) You (lost) your keys last week.
8) They (swam) 500m.
9) I (gave) my mother a CD for Christmas.
10) At the age of 23, she (became) a doctor.
80

81. 81