CIS337– Networking in Business Unit 5 Assignment Final

CIS337– Networking in Business
Unit 5 Assignment: Final Project Part II: Building the Network
Copyright 2022 Post University, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Due Date: 11:59 pm EST Sunday of Unit 5
Points: 25
Overview:
Your medium-sized organization is expanding both nationally
and internationally and
you have been tasked to implement a Wide Area Network
(WAN) topology. The
organization has expanded to 5 different geographical locations
and has directed you to
design the WAN. In essence, you need to submit a plan to your
Executive board and
get approval to install the WAN.
Background Information:
• Your Executive Board consists of the CEO, CFO, CIO.
• Your IT/Security Team consists of CISO, Security Manager,
Data Center

manager, IT Manager.
• Employees of the organization will expand from 20 to 60
(globally).
• Currently, there are 20 employees at Location A. There will be
another location of
30 employees at Location B and 10 new employees in France.
Some new
employees at Location B will be remote users.
• Your new network must be scalable for future growth.
Instructions:
For this section, you will work in a group. One person will be
assigned to submit the
paper for the entire group.
Write a 2-3-page proposal to the Executive Board including:
1. Who would you give advice to regarding the design of the
building and network
cable planning that would help reduce network errors? Give
details of the advice
you would give.
a. Your organization will need you to provide IP details for both
LAN and
WAN topologies for static and DCHP.

2. Include a plan for remote access and VPN usage.
3. Create an ER diagram of the network based on your above
recommendations for
the company.
4. Submit a cost-benefit analysis of costs that may generate
from the project. There
is a sample cost-benefit analysis template in Unit 5.
Requirements:
• 2-page min. paper excluding the network diagram, cost
analysis, Title, and
Reference pages.
• Submit a Word document in APA 7 format.
• At least two resources.
Be sure to read the criteria below by which your work will be
evaluated before
you write and again after you write.
Evaluation Rubric for Unit 5: Final Project Part II Assignment

CRITERIA Needs
Improvement
Proficient Exemplary
0-1 Points 2 Points 3-4 Points
Network
Proposal
Network
proposal is
missing or
inadequate.
Network
proposal is
mostly present.
Network
proposal is fully
explained in
detailed.
Remote
access plan
Remote access
plan and VPN
plans are
missing or
inadequate.
Remote access
and VPN plans
are mostly

present.
Remote access
plan and VPN
plan details are
explained in
detail.
Cost-Benefit
Analysis
Cost analysis
is missing.
Cost analysis
presents some
costs that may
generate from
the project.
Cost analysis
presents costs
in full detail
that may
generate from
the project.
Network
Diagram
Network
diagram is not

used or not
effectively used
to present
Network
diagram
somewhat
effectively
represents
Network
diagram used
effectively to
represent
CRITERIA Needs
Improvement
Proficient Exemplary
recommendatio
ns to company.
recommendatio
ns to company.
recommendatio
ns to company.

0-1 Points 1-2 Point 2-3 Point
Resources 0-1 resource n/a 2 resources or
more
Paper Length Less than 2
pages
n/a At least 2
pages
0 Points 1 Point 2 Point
Clear and
Professional
Writing and
APA 7
Format
Errors impede
professional
presentation;
APA 7
guidelines not
followed.
Few errors that
do not impede
professional
presentation.
Writing and
format are
clear,
professional,

APA 7
compliant, and
error-free.
4/6/22, 1:10 PM Module 4 Commentary
https://learn.umgc.edu/d2l/le/content/631655/viewContent/2508
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Module 4: Designing and Implementing a Total
Rewards Program
Topics
Topic 1: Core Steps of Designing a Total Rewards Philosophy
Topic 2: Segmentation of the Workforce
Topic 3: Implementing the Total Rewards Philosophy
Topic 4: Communicating/Marketing Total Rewards
Topic 5: Conclusions
Topic 1: Core Steps of Designing a Total Rewards Philosophy
Nine core steps in the strategic marketing approach of designing
a total rewards program and
implementing it are summarized in table 4.1 below. In this first
topic, the focus is on steps 1-5 (the
designing steps) and each is described in sequence. The

remaining steps (6-9) are addressed in
topic 3. The steps are presented in a sequential manner, but the
organization may perform some
of the steps concurrently. The steps may also vary if the
organization is a start-up organization,
one that is long established, or if a total rewards strategy is
already in place.
Table 4.1 Core Steps in Designing and Implementing Total
Rewards
Designing:
Step 1: Understand the organization
Step 2: Define the requisite KSAs required for success
Step 3: Identify current and potential employees' "drivers"
Step 4: Design a total rewards philosophy statement
Step 5: Assess financial costs and plans with key leadership
Implementing:
Step 6: Pilot the total rewards assumptions
Step 7: Develop timeline, obtain vendors, assign duties
Step 8: Implement plan
Step 9: Communicate and market

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Step 1: Understand the Organization
Providing rewards for the purpose of attracting, retaining, and
motivating employees with the
requisite KSAs in order to enable the organization's success is
the ultimate goal of the total
rewards approach. Therefore, an understanding of the
organization's business objectives, mission,
vision, values, and business model is essential in the process of
designing and implementing a total
rewards program. Achieving this understanding begins with how
the business creates marketable
products, services, or expertise, and markets, sells, and delivers
them, along with a review of the
organization's mission, vision, values, and culture (Kaplan,
2005). Also important is being familiar
with the business model, revenue generation strategy, the
business life cycle, business design, the
current brand impact, and geographic requirements.
Organizations achieve their success in various

ways; some take a centralized approach while others take a
decentralized one. Some organizations
have socially conscious values they hold important, while others
do not. Some organizations are in
the infancy stage of their growth, others are stagnant, and still
others are experiencing huge
growth. Many organizations are structured as not-for-profit,
some are for-profit, some are publicly
traded, and others are privately held; and then there are
government agencies and the military.
There are tremendous differences among these organizations,
and their differences and
uniqueness must be examined.
Some of the questions helpful in understanding the organization
and leading to an effective design
of the total rewards strategy are listed in table 4.2 below.
Although more questions may need to
be asked to reach a good understanding of the organization,
these are a good start:
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Table 4.2 Questions for Understanding the Organization
1. What are the vision, mission, and objectives of the
organization? Will any of them
change in the next three years?
2. What are the values of the organization? What social values
have been demonstrated
outside the organization? On what does the organization want to
have an impact? Are
there written values and, if so, are they demonstrated?
3. What is the culture of the organization?
4. How does the organization generate revenues today? Will that
change over the next
three years?
5. What business cycle is the organization in (stagnant, growth,
decline)? Are any
mergers, acquisitions, downsizing, or global expansion planned?
6. What business design supports the organization's ability to
make money? (For example,
is the design a cost-savings or a market-leader approach?)
7. Does the organization have an existing employment brand?
8. If so, what is the value of the organization's employment

brand today in attracting and
retaining employees?
9. Where does the organization want to be geographically?
10. Does the organization have a clear marketing brand and, if
so, what is it and how is it
viewed by the public?
The questions presented in table 4.2 are best asked in person
and directly to senior management.
Asking the questions in person will allow for follow-up
questions and clarification. In addition,
existing documents describing the items mentioned, such as the
vision, mission, business
objectives, and values, are likely available and should be
gathered. The purpose of this step is to
understand as much about the organization as possible because
the success of the organization is
the end result being sought.
Step 2: Define the Essential KSAs Required for Success
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This step makes explicit what knowledge, skills, and abilities
(KSAs) are required to accomplish the
business objectives, not only for today but also in the future. It
aligns the total rewards strategy
with the business strategy. The specific KSAs (and the people
who possess them) are the target for
recruitment, retention, and motivation. The organization may
already have the KSAs identified by
level of employee (i.e. leadership, management, general
employee population) and by business
function (i.e. marketing, finance, accounting, operations, human
resources, customer service,
research and development). If so, they will need to be validated,
keeping the current and future
business objectives and business model in mind. If the KSAs are
not already identified, the steps of
job analysis, job description, job specification, and job
evaluation (discussed in module 2) are used
to identify them. The KSAs are grouped by KSA set, which is a
type of segmentation by KSAs
needed by job function (such as sales, accounting, service,
research) and by level within the
organization. The segmentation by KSA set is important
because employees or potential

employees of each KSA set may have different drivers for
wanting to work for and remain with the
organization (Kaplan, 2005). Of course, other segmentation may
occur as well. In table 4.3,
questions about the KSAs are posed that need to be answered.
Table 4.3 Questions About Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities
(KSAs)
1. What KSAs are required by level and by function to generate
revenues (at each stage)?
This question should be asked of major KSA sets within the
organization by level and
function.
2. Will the KSAs needed by level and function change in the
near future? How about in
three years?
3. Are there gaps in the existing KSAs that need to be
addressed?
4. What has been the turnover by KSA level and function?
5. For each KSA set (by level and function), where are they
located geographically? Are
there any cultural differences by KSA set?
The KSA questions can be answered through personal or

electronic interviews or surveys. After
the study is done it needs to be verified by the key leadership of
each function and each level of
the organization.
Step 3: Identify Current and Potential Employees' "Drivers"
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The research in this step leads to the identification of the
"drivers," which are the composite
wants, needs, and preferences of current and potential
employees. As in consumer product
marketing, in which the product is designed based on the
consumer's drivers, the reward program
will be designed based on the employee's drivers. This step
requires internal and external research
and an evaluation of the two. Internally, what is working (or
not) in attracting, retaining, and
motivating employees is explored. Externally, what is attractive
to the larger population is studied,
including other organizations, geographic locations in which the
organization may be expanding,

and demographic groups that may not be in the workforce
currently but will be in the near future.
A. Internal Research
It is important to include in the research the current
demographic and psychographic composition
of the current population of employees and potential employees,
again by level and job function.
Table 4.4 provides some of the questions to be answered
internal to the organization.
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Table 4.4 Questions for Internal Research
1. What challenges for recruitment are foreseen in the labor
market?
2. What challenges of retention are foreseen within the
organization?
3. What is the composition demographically of the current
employees? What is the
current geographic disbursement of employees?
4. What is the retention rate overall, and what is the rate by

specific KSA set (by level and
function), by department, by division, by geographic location,
by demographic?
5. What is the time to hire a specific KSA set (by level and
function), by department, by
division, by geographic location, by demographic?
6. What is the level of satisfaction, in general, of the
employees? What is the level of
satisfaction of the employees with each of their rewards?
7. If given a list of rewards (monetary, non-monetary, and work
experience), what is the
most important to the current employees in order to retain and
motivate them? There
may be items that are relatively inexpensive, or even cost
neutral, that are important to
attraction, engagement, and retention. Having the employees
rank their preference for
rewards is an effective way to gain this information, in addition
to determining price
points if the employee is asked to pay for a benefit (insurance,
for example).
8. Have current employees been tempted to leave in the past six
months? If so, what

caused them to think about leaving? What would entice them to
leave today?
The data may be gathered though a variety of means: telephone
surveys, electronic surveys,
individual interviews, focus groups, or paper-and-pencil
surveys. After the information is gathered,
the organization can use statistical modeling techniques that
allow analysis of other existing
employee data to better understand employee preferences. This
statistical modeling will help to
identify trends by the various categories (level, functional job
groups, and demographics). It will
also point out inconsistencies in the answers. For example, what
employees really care about, as
measured by things such as making a decision to leave the
company, are sometimes different than
what they say they care about. The statistical modeling provides
human resources professionals
with more robust information on which to design their total
rewards program. If statistical
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modeling is unavailable the team working on the total rewards
program design can read through all
the data, synthesize the key findings, and validate it with focus
groups of employees at all levels of
the organization.
B. Research External Data
Reliable normative data, such as Mercer's What's Working data
on country- and region-specific
employee perceptions and attitudes about work, help to
determine how the information you have
gathered internally compares to external data. Information may
also be gained from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics; WorldatWork; through local, state, and
national Society for Human Resource
Management Societies; and through partnering with other
organizations to benchmark data and
practices. Ideally, the same information about reward
preferences of potential employees and
what would cause them to leave their current jobs to work for
another organization would be
obtained. This information can be gained through a variety of
methods, such as published reports,
focus groups, written or electronic surveys, telephone

interviews, etc. Some organizations that
conduct employee satisfaction surveys for large firms share a
composite of the results. Telephone
interviews or focus groups allow the facilitator to ask probing
or follow-up questions easier than
can be done in a written survey. Table 4.5 poses some of the
questions that need to be answered
external to the organization.
Table 4.5 Questions External to the Organization
1. What are outside experts' reports about challenges for
recruitment by job function and
geographic location?
2. What demographic trends are reported (increases, decreases
by segments)?
3. What are psychographic trends for reward preferences by
demographic segment?
4. What is the economic forecast domestically and globally?
5. What rewards are your competitors offering? What is the
competitors' experience with
attracting, retaining, and motivating employees? The
competitive market survey for
rewards was described in an earlier module. Most organizations
conduct this survey on

an annual basis, so it may already be current and available.
C. Compare Internal and External Research
After the internal and external data is gathered, the two sets are
compared for consistencies and
inconsistencies. As with the other two steps, statistical
modeling programs are available to help
synthesize the data and identify trends, consistencies, or
inconsistencies. The computer programs
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are also helpful in identifying existing challenges versus future
ones, based on such things as
population changes, growth of the current organization,
expansion into new markets, introduction
of new products and services, downturn in the economy, and
changes in the business model.
Table 4.6 Comparative Questions
1. Is the internal data consistent with the external data?
2. What, if anything, differs?

3. What issues are there with recruitment, retention, and
motivation internal to the
organization that may be influenced by the external population?
4. Given the internal and external research, what challenges
must we address through the
rewards programs in order for the organization to be successful?
Step 4: Design a Total Rewards Philosophy Statement
The design of the total rewards philosophy statement is what
Kaplan (2005) calls a total rewards
road map. A total rewards philosophy is a statement of the total
offerings of rewards, what some
refer to as the employment brand of the organization. Thi s is a
formulation of the total rewards
strategy from a big picture perspective, one that determines the
general areas of focus by segment
of the population. The resulting portfolio of rewards is designed
to align the rewards strategy and
the business strategy, to reach the goal of attracting, retaining,
and motivating employees with the
requisite KSAs to achieve the business objectives.
Given what was learned through the internal and external
research, the organization is now ready
to propose what rewards would attract, retain, and motivate the

employees most needed for the
company to be successful. They will need to determine the mix
of the monetary, non-monetary,
and work experience elements to attract, retain, and motivate
respective employees by level and
by job function or other segments they have identified as
important. These are decided with the
culture and values of the organization in mind. Other decisions
will be made regarding items such
as what rewards will be designed for each segment, eligibility,
how the rewards will be earned and
awarded (performance versus entitlement, individual versus
team, fixed versus flexible, offered to
all, part time or full time), competitive positioning of
compensation and benefits, and if the
rewards will be administered internally or externally (through
outsourcing), and the timing of the
introduction of the rewards. The organization will also need to
ensure that pertinent laws and
regulations affecting rewards and their administration are
followed. First, however, a draft total

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rewards philosophy statement is prepared so that the financial
costs and commitment can be
measured. This step also begins the process of setting baseline
measurements for the key
objectives of the rewards philosophy. Table 4.7 below, from the
Constellation Energy Web site
(2008), shares excerpts of a sample total rewards philosophy
statement.
Table 4.7 Total Rewards Philosophy Statement: Constellation
Energy
We believe our employees are the brightest stars in our
constellation. That's why we invest
almost $1 billion annually in total rewards. At Constellation,
total rewards is more than just
pay. It is the combination of pay, benefits, learning and
development, and the work
environment. Together, these elements help make Constellation
a great place to work. By
integrating our total rewards offering, Constellation delivers to
employees a work experience
that rewards their contributions, supports their work and life
needs, and provides the

opportunity to learn and to grow.
Pay: Our total compensation philosophy is to pay employees
competitively and to vary
rewards based on individual and company performance.
Benefits and Time Off: We offer competitive benefits to our
employees on a partnership
basis, including health care choices, a retirement plan,
insurance coverage choices, and
flexible spending accounts.
Development: Professional advancement is important to
everyone at Constellation.
Employees who continuously update their skills are more
satisfied with their work and
contribute more to our collective success.
Work Environment and Community: A positive work
environment, opportunities to give
back to the communities where we live and work, and the ability
to balance work and life
demands are important to all of us.
Diversity: We're equally proud of the success of our programs
that promote minorities and
women, and we continually reaffirm our commitment to equal
employment opportunities.

Source: Constellation Total Rewards Statement. (2008).
Retrieved May 4, 2008, from
http://www.constellation.com/portal/site/constellation/menuitem
.37364b5370ec64875fb6
0610025166a0/
Step 5: Assess Financial Costs and Discuss
Costs/Objectives/General Plan with Key Leadership
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Rewards can be a very large percentage of an organization's
operating expenses. In fact, for many
it is the largest single expense. The step of assessing the
financial implications puts the expense
into perspective and helps to gain concurrence and buy-in of the
top leadership and management
of the organization. Although costly, offering the right rewards
can maximize the reward dollars
spent. Offering the right rewards, while at the same time
eliminating those ones that employees
may not value, ensures that time and money is not wasted. Key
leadership must be involved in the

total rewards initiative throughout the process of designing and
implementing them, but at specific
times the commitment must be checked. Prior to the final
decisions being made, as with the
implementation of any large and important initiative, it is
crucial that the decisions are officially
agreed upon. It is advisable to keep a written record of the
decisions made in case reference is
needed later.
Topic 2: Segmentation of the Workforce
Before the final steps of implementing the total rewards plan
are addressed, the use of
segmentation will be described to ensure an understanding,
because it is a key activity and
perhaps one that is new to some human resource professionals.
Segmentation is a term used in
marketing (as well as other disciplines) to refer to how the
population divides according to
differentiating factors. In human resources, the segments can be
psychographics (individual
personality preferences) such as career goals, desired schedules,
and the need or preference for
certain benefits or work experience. Segmentation can also be

made by demographics, level of the
organization, or job function. Segmentation by demographic
group can include, for example, men,
women, age groups, ethnicity, marital status, or education.
Organizations use segmentation of the population to target their
marketing efforts to groups of
consumers who may purchase products or services. The
organization offers unique features in its
products or services that the targeted population prefers (for
example, minivans for families,
pickup trucks for farmers, or alternative fuel vehicles for the
cost conscious or environmentally
conservative). They also design their marketing efforts to reach
the targeted audience by creating
advertisements that appeal to the particular segment they are
targeting. To communicate the
unique features of the product or service, key messages and the
medium for the communication
are chosen to reach and appeal to the targeted population. In the
same way, an organization can
segment the internal and external workforce population,
determine the unique features (monetary,
non-monetary, and work experience) desired by each, and
design a total rewards program

customized for the individual segments of the organization or
the individuals they are seeking to
hire.
There are many ways in which segmentation of the workforce
can be achieved. Three examples
follow. The first is suggested by Mercer (2007), the second by
Erickson and Gratton (2007) in a
Harvard Business Review article. The third is an example from
a fast food company dealing with a
problem of very high turnover of employees. Keep in mind that
how employee groups are
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segmented will likely be unique to each organization. Specific
job families, geographies, or skill
sets do not consistently map to specific workforce segments
across organizations. Rather,
segments that appear in an organization will depend entirely on
the role of different employee
groups of the organization, its geographic disbursement, its
individual values, culture, or business

model. The way segments are identified may also vary outside
the organization.
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Table 4.8 Segmentation by Value Created
In a study by Mercer (2007), they found the following segments
to be beneficial as they
attempted to segment the employees. They found the employees
could be grouped into
categories that were either performance drivers, performance
enablers, or legacy drivers.
Segmentation by Value Created
Performance Drivers
Performance drivers are employees who directly create
value for the organization. This segment could include
employee groups or functions such as marketing in
consumer products companies, research scientists in
pharmaceutical organizations, chefs in restaurants, or

athletes in the National Football League (NFL).
Performance Enablers
Performance enablers are employees who support
value creation by facilitating the efficiency of
performance drivers, including human resources or
finance staff at many organizations. Other examples
could include the coaches and trainers in the NFL and
time and motion experts in restaurants.
Legacy Drivers
Legacy drivers created value for the organization
historically but no longer drive competitive advantage.
For example, production and circulation functions in a
media organization may become legacy drivers as
content is increasingly delivered online. In the
restaurant business this could be a former celebrity
owner, or in the NFL it could be a coach that once led
the team to the Super Bowl but is no longer in tune
with the latest play strategies.

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The identification of the segments is only the first step in the
research process. The individual
employees will also need to be interviewed or surveyed to
determine if there are common rewards
in each segment the organization could offer in order to fulfill
their needs and desires.
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Table 4.9 Segmentation by Drivers for Engagement
Segmentation: by Drivers for Engagement. Another set of
segments comes from authors
Erickson and Gratton (2007), who were able to see segments
differentiated by roles the
employees wanted the organization to play for them. Their
studies suggested that work
played six general roles, which correspond to six types of

employees, and were based on
psychographic characteristics. Each worker segment, they
found, cares deeply about several
aspects of the employee-employer relationship and little about
the others.
Segmentation by Drivers for Engagement
Expressive Legacy
Expressive legacy.These employees care about creating
something with lasting value. What appears to engage
them are autonomy, entrepreneurial opportunities,
creative opportunities, and stimulating tasks that
enable continual learning and growth.
Secure Progress
Secure progress. For these employees, work is about
improving one's lot in life and finding a predictable
path. They are engaged by fair and predictable rewards,
stability, structure, routine, and career training.
Individual Expertise and Team Success
Individual Expertise and Team Success. This group of

employees value that work is about being a valuable
part of a winning team. They prefer collaboration, fun,
stability and structure, opportunity to gain competence,
and the opportunity to leverage their personal
strengths.
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In this example, as in the first, segments have been identified,
but in this case some of the drivers
have been used to separate the groups. The organization would
need to conduct further study to
see if the segments fall into certain demographics, geographics,
KSA sets, functional job
categories, or levels in the organization. It may be discovered
that, for example, certain age groups
fall into a specific category or possibly that individuals in
specific job categories such as
accountants, human resource professionals, sales staff, customer
service representatives, or
information technology specialists fall into identifiable

categories. If so, this information would be
very helpful in planning the rewards philosophy.
Risk and Reward
Risk and reward. For this segment, work is one of
multiple opportunities to live a life filled with change
and excitement. They are motivated by the opportunity
to improve personal finances, flexibility, the
opportunity to choose tasks and positions from a long
menu of options, and open-ended tasks and approaches
to getting work done.
Flexible Support
Flexible support. These employees see work as a
source of livelihood but not yet (or not currently) a
priority. They want flexibility, well-defined vacation and
family benefits, and well-defined work routines. They
also like the ability to plug in and out of tasks and
assignments with ease, and virtual, asynchronous tasks
and assignments. They want to have fun.

Low Obligation and Easy Income
Low obligation and easy income. This final segment
sees work as a source of immediate economic gain.
They are engaged with jobs that are relatively easy to
come by and that have well-defined work routines,
lucrative compensation, and benefit packages. They
also desire stability, security, and recognition.
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Table 4.10 Segmentation by Specific Desires
Segmentation: by Specific Desires. A third example of
segmentation of employees is similar
to the others and continues to demonstrate that there are various
groups that can be
identified through segmentation. A study was conducted in a
fast food company to discover
how they could improve their recruitment, hiring, and retention
of employees. The
organization was facing a very large turnover problem, which

was not only creating
recruitment and training costs to soar, but also hindered the
ability to serve customers due
to a constant shortage of employees. The following segments of
employees were identified
through a series of focus groups with existing employees. This
last example of segmentation
is more of the unique set that organizations may see surface
when they perform their own
research. The segments fell into groups of employees who were
stay-at-home mothers,
those who were fast food junkies, and those who wanted an
entry point for a broader
hospitality career.
Segmentation by Specific Desires
Stay-at-home Moms
Stay-at-home Moms. One segment of the existing
employee population was mothers with children who
were away at school during the day. These employees
wanted only part-time hours, on weekdays, between
the hours of mid-morning to mid-afternoon. They were

dependable employees as long as they were not asked
to come in early or to stay late. Most were interested
not so much in benefits but in earning extra money, as
long as it didn't interfere with the family schedule.
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In this example, total rewards were designed to target each of
the three core segments. The
organization was able to design work experiences that satisfied
the stay-at-home moms, the entry
point career employees, and the fast food junkies. The turnover
was dramatically reduced and the
cost savings were substantial. One of the interesting points of
this real-life example is that it was
done in the 1980s, before the total rewards model was
prevalent. The organization merely applied
the strategic marketing approach they knew so well to the issue
of attracting and retaining
employees.
Topic 3: Implementing the Total Rewards Philosophy

Step 6: Pilot the Total Rewards Philosophy Assumptions,
Internally and Externally
Entry Point for Broader Hospitality Career
Entry Point for Broader Hospitality Career. This
segment consisted of employees who wanted an entry
into the larger parent organization through the fast
food division of the hospitality corporation. They were
not planning to stay in the fast food division, but would
do so in order to gain the training and service to qualify
for a transfer to another division. These employees
were excellent workers and dependable, but were not
expected to stay beyond five years, at which point they
would either leave the company or be transferred.
Fast Food Junkies
Fast Food Junkies. This segment was one that had no
desire to transfer to one of the other divisions of the
corporation, but did want to expand their careers up
the ladder within the fast food organization. What was

of interest to them was learning about new products
and seeing new stores, taking the training that was
offered, and being considered for promotions. These
were the managers who would stay with the
organization as long as they thought they were learning
and being considered for promotion or actually being
promoted.
3777/View 18/25
The first five steps addressed the design stage of the process.
Steps 6 through 9 will focus on
implementation. After preliminary decisions have been made for
the total rewards philosophy, a
pilot of the rewards strategy is done in order to help validate if
the decisions will yield the
intended results. The pilot can be done through focus groups of
employees, as well as with
potential employees. At this time the key objectives, baselines
for the evaluation metrics, and

commitment for implementation are double checked. The
objectives and the metrics will be used
not only to measure the success of the programs, but will also
be used as a form of communication
and decision making should revisions be required. Examples of
metrics can include quantitative
and qualitative measures such as reducing turnover, reducing
time to hire, increased production or
services, more satisfied employees, more satisfied customers, or
ability to expand or introduce
new products (or other key objectives of the business plan).
Step 7: Develop Timeline, Obtain Vendors, Assign Duties for
Implementation
For every initiative, whether it is a new total rewards program
or changes to an existing one, a plan
will need to be established to indicate the projected timeline, as
well as listing all the major tasks
to be completed, who in the organization will be accountable for
each task, and the due date the
task is to be completed. A sample timeline is presented in table
4.11, which indicates many of the
tasks that will be taken in the implementation stage.

3777/View 19/25
Table 4.11 Sample Timeline of Activities for Implementation
Activity Due Date Person Accountable Comments
Pilot Total Rewards Philosophy Statement
Revise Philosophy
Statement if Needed
Select Team for Implementation
Assign Due Dates, Accountability
Decide on Eligibility and Waiting Periods
Establish Baselines for Measurement
Ensure Computer Systems are Ready
Develop Admin Guideline
Secure Final Approval
Select Vendors or Outsourced Providers
Begin Communication
Provide Training to Key Employees

Begin Enrollment of New Benefits
Evaluate, Report Metrics
Topic 4: Communicating/Marketing Total Rewards
With the change in the way organizations look at their rewards,
there is also the need to change
the way the rewards are communicated. Communication now
takes a broader focus on educating
the workforce about the true value of its total rewards package
and to foster a greater
appreciation for these programs. Ultimately, the goal of the
communication is increased employee
satisfaction, reduced turnover, increased acceptance rates, and
fulfillment of the organizations'
business goals (Black, 2007).
Charlton Consulting Group, Inc., a benefits communications
consultancy, found that only 5 percent
of 128 companies surveyed said that their employees fully
understand and appreciate the value of
their total compensation packages. More than a third of the
companies said that their employees
do not understand the value of their total compensation at all,
according to a 2006 research report
from the firm titled "How to Ensure Your Employees Value

Their Benefits Packages" (Black, 2007).
3777/View 20/25
In order to be effective, communication and marketing to
employees needs to use a variety of
communication channels. Organizations cannot reap the full
benefits of a well-designed total
rewards strategy if employees are unaware of all the elements
offered and the value of the
rewards in monetary terms. Communicating and marketing of
the rewards package may be more
obvious in the recruitment efforts, because that is when
potential employees are thinking about
what is important to them and at that time they have the best
opportunity to compare various
organizations' rewards. According to Mercer's survey (2007),
HR leaders in both North America
and South America report that they are using at least three
vehicles to communicate with
employees, particularly if they have changed their total rewards
strategies within the past three

years. The most popular methods include individual meetings,
hard-copy personalized statements,
and presentations to employees made by leadership. Many
organizations, however, are using
electronic means through the Internet and intranet. Different
means apply when recruiting, rather
than educating the current employees, is the goal, but in each
situation more than one means will
help to ensure that all are reached with the messages
effectively.
Whether it is via electronic or hard copy, one of the effective
means is the total rewards
philosophy statement (Smolkin, 2007). This document, which
was referenced earlier in step 4, is
the document that is shared with top leadership in order to gain
concurrence on the plan for
implementation. The total rewards philosophy statement
expresses the organization's values and
beliefs about the rewards offered. The purposes of the statement
are: to communicate
commitment and expectations to employees, to serve as a
reference point to evaluate the
effectiveness of the total rewards program, to reinforce the
values and culture of the organization,

and to communicate and reinforce the organization's business
objectives (WorldatWork, 2007).
In developing a communications plan, it is important to
consider specific employee audiences
already identified through the segmentation steps, key messages
to convey, how those messages
will be disseminated, how much money is available, a timeline
for implementation, and how to
gather employee feedback to the communication. The
communication must be customized to the
specific internal and external audiences. For example, the
communication to the executive team
may include more of the results of the rewards program and the
relevance to the business
objectives. Management or supervisor communications may
include specific information about the
departments or areas they manage or supervise. The widespread
employee population will have
information specific to them, including new offerings, updates,
and information about the rewards
for their households. Communication is designed for the
recruitment audiences, the newly hired
audience, the audience when enrolling in programs, and the
total audience of current employees

for ongoing reminders and information (WorldatWork, 2007). In
some cases there are other
audiences, such as the board of directors, union representatives,
and retired employees.
A few reminders about good communication plans are listed in
table 4.12 below.
3777/View 21/25
Table 4.12 Communication tips
Know the audience and seek to frame the message and the
medium for those you
most need to attract. For example, an organization will frame its
message differently
and will use different mediums for the communication if it is an
executive they are
seeking to attract versus a computer specialist.
Key messages: have a clear vision of what you want to
accomplish.
Communicate the employment value proposition; state what is
in it for them.
Keep messages simple, consistent, and timely.

Begin as soon as all reward elements have been designed and
approved.
Communicate continuously.
Focus on each of the main elements of the total rewards:
monetary, non-monetary, and
work experiences.
Select credible and respected spokespeople to deliver key
messages.
Quality of presentation counts; take the time needed to ensure
error-free and effective
communication products.
The widespread use of the Internet has resulted in the portal
becoming the hub of benefits
understanding. Timeliness and interactivity are the chief
advantages of online total rewards
statements. The Internet also provides the opportunity for
greater personalization and the
capability to link to additional resources, thereby expanding the
scope of communication.
However, many means of communication are available today.
Some of the most popular ones are
listed below in table 4.13.

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Table 4.13 Examples of Communication Methods
Audiovisual: video, audio, teleconferences
Print: brochures, booklets, letters, bulletin boards, paycheck
stuffer, question-and-
answer columns
In person: small and large meetings, one-on-one counseling,
manager/employee
sessions
Electronic: interactive computer programs, e-mail, telephone
response systems,
personalized total rewards statements online, Internet, and
intranet
Many organizations use a personal benefits statement to
annually communicate to all their
employees the rewards they are offered, which ones they
participate in, and the value of the
rewards. The statement can be delivered electronically, in print,
or on a web site. It is an excellent

document that the employee can share with members of the
family and is also an excellent
reminder of the total value of the rewards for the individual
employee. In addition, it is a way to
communicate the costs of the rewards to the employer and is a
method for employees to verify
their enrollment in benefits and to have a permanent record of
their holdings in their retirement
plans, deferred compensation, and stock programs, if eligible
for them. Our next Company
Spotlight, on Avaya, describes how they use the total rewards
statement to increase the
appreciation of the value of their programs.
3777/View 23/25
Company Spotlight: Avaya
Avaya is a leader in communications software services. It
pioneered voice mail, interactive
voice response, skills-based call routing, audio conferences, and
the virtual LAN. Avaya
serves one million customers, including 90 percent of the

Fortune 500 companies. It
employs 20,000 people in 50 countries and has 2,500 business
partners. Thus, an online
total rewards approach was a natural. It proved the solution to
getting employees to
appreciate the value of their benefit programs.
Avaya's online total rewards approach was implemented after a
survey showed that most of
its employees were largely unaware of the value of their
benefits and didn't know where to
look for information about their benefits. To remedy the
situation, Avaya created an online
benefits web site, My Total Rewards, which is integrated into
the existing employee service
center portal. The site contains personalized, comprehensive
statements that give
employees information not only about their pay and benefits,
but also what the company
pays to provide the benefits that add up to the total rewards
package. Avaya recently added
a benefits summary page and a retirement income replacement
tool to its site. Employees
gave the company site high marks for helping them understand
their benefits, and the site

won an award from the Profit Sharing/401(k) Council of
America.
Of course, employers need to go beyond total rewards
statements since the concept of Total
Rewards goes beyond the traditional view of rewards as the
monetary and non-monetary
rewards, but also the value that results from the employment
relationship, or work
experience. Communication ideally would include not only
compensation and benefits, as is
the case of Avaya, but also other key items such as recognition,
balance of work/life, culture,
career/professional development, advancement opportunities,
and work environment (Black,
Nov. 2007).
Topic 5: Conclusions
A total rewards approach to compensation management is
strategically planning a targeted reward
package to successfully attract, retain, and motivate segmented
populations of employees who
possess the right KSAs needed for accomplishing the
organization's business objectives. This
module described the steps for designing and implementing a

total rewards program. The steps
were divided between those of designing, which include: 1.
understanding the organization, 2.
defining the requisite KSAs required for success, 3. identifying
current and potential employees'
"drivers," 4. designing a total rewards philosophy statement,
and, 5. assessing financial costs and
plans with key leadership. The steps for implementing the plans
include: 6. piloting the total
rewards assumptions, 7. developing a timeline, obtaining
vendors, and assigning duties, 8.
3777/View 24/25
implementing the plan's programs, and, 9. communicating and
marketing. Segmentation of the
population is a vital part of the process for designing a total
rewards program. Because of its
importance and because it may be a skill new to many human
resource professionals, a description
of it was provided along with three examples.
After the planning and implementation come the remaining

important aspects of a total rewards
approach. The remaining activities include designing and
tracking metrics, evaluating the results of
the total rewards programs against the metrics established, and
making any necessary revisions.
These activities are all described in the remaining module of
this course, module 5. Also included
in our final module are pitfalls to consider when implementing
and communicating total rewards
programs, and global considerations for reward design.
References
Black, Ann. "Total Rewards." Benefits & Compensation Digest.
Vol. 44, Issue 11, pp. 32-36. Excerpt
from the book Communicating Employee Benefits, Changing
Methods and Changing Minds and
Effective Benefits Communication. Nov., 2007.
Christofferson, J.; and King, B. (2006). "The 'IT' factor: A new
total rewards model leads the way."
Workspan, http://www.worldatwork.org
Constellation Total Rewards Statement. Retrieved May 4, 2008,
from
http://www.constellation.com/

Erickson, T.J.; and Gratton, L. (March, 2007). "What it means
to work here." Harvard Business
Review.
Kaplan, S. (2005). "Total rewards in action: Developing a total
rewards strategy." Benefits &
Communication Digest. Vol. 42, Issue 8, p 32-2.
Manas, T.; and Graham, M. (2003). Creating a total rewards
strategy: Toolkit for designing
business-based plans. New York: American Management
Association, AMACOM.
Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York:
Harper.
Mercer. (2007). "Compensation trends of the future: Designing
a sustainable global total rewards
strategy." White paper. Retrieved MArch 1, 2008, from
http://www.mercer.com
Salopek, J. (2008). "Retention buzz." Training and
Development. Alexandria: Jan. Vol 21, Issue 1,
pp. 23-25.
3777/View 25/25

Smolkin, S. (2007). "Total reward statements promote
attraction, retention." Employee benefit
news. Canada: Vol 4, Number 4, pp. 27-28, Jul-Aug.
WorldatWork. (2007). The WorldatWork handbook of
compensation, benefits & total rewards: A
comprehensive guide for HR professionals. New Jersey: John
Wiley and Sons.
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