This document provides an orientation on cost estimation of civil structures. It discusses the purpose of cost estimation as preparing projects for administrative approval and technical sanction. The objectives are to explain construction terms and units, methods of estimating quantities, schedule of rates, earthwork estimation, and steel requirements. Cost estimation is defined as determining probable costs before construction starts. Specifications, rate analysis, tenders, and contracts are also covered. The importance of accurate estimation and duties of estimators are outlined. Job opportunities for estimators include roles in construction companies, project management, government departments, and as consultants.

1. COST ESTIMATION OF CIVIL STRUCTURES
COUSE CODE:ECE403
ORIENTATION SESSION
Prepared By,
Ashwini R M

2. Contents of the Syllabus
■ Introduction
■ Specification
■ Detailed estimate of Building
■ Rate Analysis
■ Estimation of Roads
■ Bar Bending Schedule
■ Tender
■ Contrac

3. Purpose
■ The primary purpose of estimating and costing is the preparation for submission of a
project according to administrative approval and technical sanction.
■ The various elements of engineering involved in it viz.
Planning,
Preparing bill of quantities and abstracts of cost,
Drawing and detailing (specially at the actual construction stage)
Organization of labor and material with a view to provide a durable structure most
economically.

4. Objectives
– To explain the basics terms and standard units used in construction
of civil engineering structures.
– To demonstrate the different methods of estimating the quantities
of items.
– To familiarize the schedule of rates of different item of works by
using standard data book.
– To explain the estimation of earthwork in different roads and also
calculate the weight of steel required in R.C.C. element.
– To familiarize about construction contracts and tenders.

5. What is Cost Estimation ?
■ Cost estimating may be defined as the process of determining the
probable cost of the project before the start of construction.

6. Specification
■ Specifications are the written documents that go with the construction documents
and describe the type of materials as well as the installation methods.

7. RateAnalysis
■ The process of determining the rates of an item is termed as analysis of rates or rate
analysis.

8. Need of Estimation
Client
Requirement
Drawings
Estimation
Rate Analysis
Tender
Contract

9. Importance
■ To know the amount of money required to complete the project,
■ To Know the quantities of materials required to complete the
work
■ For inviting tenders
■ Prepare bills for payments
■ To justify the investments from benefit cost ratio
■ To fix up the completion period from volume of work involved in
the estimate
■ To assess the requirements tools , Plants and equipment to
complete the work according the programme scheduled.

10. Contd…
■ The only accurate estimating can enable the leaders to make vital
decisions such as manufacturing, selling policies
Case1
If job is over estimated,
The firm will not be able to compete with its competitors
Case2
If the job is under estimated,
The firm will face huge financial loss

11. Duties of Cost Estimators
■ Identify factors affecting costs, such as production time, materials, and
labor
■ Read blueprints and technical documents in order to prepare estimates
■ Collaborate with engineers, architects, clients, and contractors
■ Calculate, analyze, and adjust estimates
■ Recommend ways to reduce costs
■ Work with sales teams to prepare estimates and bids for clients
■ Maintain records of estimated and actual costs

12. Job Opportunities
■ Quantity Surveyor in Construction Company
■ As Project Manager
■ InTown Planning Department
■ PWD Department
■ Housing Board Department
■ Highway Department
■ Can Become a Consultant
■ Valuator
■ Can Become an Entrepreneur

13. ThankYou