Introduction of local Anaesthetic Classification based on the linker moiety Classification based on pharmacological action and route of administration Mechanism of action of local Anaesthetic

1. PRESENTED BY
VARSHA JINDANIYA
PHARMACEUTICAL DEPT.
MIET COLLEGE MEERUT

2. LOCAL ANAESTHETIC

3. 1. Local Anaesthetic: Introduction
2. Classification: Based On The Linker Moiety (Amide Class ,
Ester Class )
3. Pharmacological Classification: Based On The Duration
Of Action And Route Of Administration
4. Mechanism Of Action

4. • Introduction: Local Anaesthetic inhibits the condition of
action potential in nerve fibres.
• Pain and other sensation are not transmitted effectively
to the brain, and motor impulse are not transmitted
effectively to impulses.
• Classification: Based on linker Moiety
• (a) Amide Class: 1. Lidocaine
• 2. Prilocaine
• 3. Bupivacaine
• 4. Dibucaine(longest acting)
• 5. Mepivacine
• 6. Etidocaine
• 7. Ropivacine

5. • (b) Ester Class: Cocaine, Procaine, Chlorprocaine(short
acting)
• Tetracaine( Amethocaine)
• Benzocaine
• Pharmacological Classification: Based on duration of
action and route of administration
• Amine type: (a) Longer acting: Bupivacaine,
Levobupivacaine, Etidocaine, Ropivacaine,
Dibucaine(cinchocaine) .
• Dibucaine is an longest acting anaesthetic.
• (b) Intermediate acting: Lignocaine, Mepivacaine,
prilocaine

6. • Ester type: 1. Longer Acting: Tetracaine(Amethocaine)
• 2. Intermediate Acting: Cocaine
• 3. Short Acting: Procaine, Chlorprocaine, Benzocaine,
Butamben, Proparacaine
• 4. Others: Pramoxine, Oxythazaine, Diclonine

7. • Note: Amide type of local anaesthetics have '2 i' in their
spelling Ex. Dibucaine , Lidocaine both have ' 2i' in their
spelling.
• Ester type of local anaesthetics have one i ('1i') in their
spelling Ex. Cocaine, procaine, Tetracaine, Benzocaine
• Linker Moiety present between the aromatic group and
the terminal amine 2 type of linker Moiety
• (a) Amine type
• (b) Ester type

8. • Mechanism Of Action Of Local Anaesthetic: these drugs
act by penetrating the axonal membrane ( in unionized
form) and blocking the voltage gated sodium channel
from within ( in ionized form)

9. Thank You