musculo

1. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 1 of 16
Myth No pain, no gain.
Fact Pain is not a sign of a good workout. Rather, pain
is a signal from your body that you are working too hard
or you have an injury. Continuing to exercise through
the pain could lead to a more serious injury.
Where do you think most teens get their information
about muscles? How factual do you think their
information is?

2. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 2 of 16
Goals/Objectives
Describe the functions of the three types of
muscles.
Explain how you can keep your muscular
system healthy.
Section 11.2
Your Muscular System

3. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 3 of 16
Key Terms
Muscular System The body system that consists of muscles that
provide motion and maintain posture.

4. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 4 of 16
• Muscles move your eyes as you read.
The Muscles in Your Body
• Muscles in your chest allow you to breathe.
• Muscles in your heart pump your blood.
• Every time your body moves, muscles are at work.

5. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 5 of 16
Your body has three types of muscle tissue that
perform different functions.
Types of Muscle
• Smooth muscle - is involuntary muscle that found
in many internal organs. causes movements
within your body.
• Cardiac muscle - is involuntary muscle that is
found only in the heart.
• Skeletal muscles – is voluntary muscle tissue that
is attached to bones you control to do activities,
such as walk or play a musical instrument.

6. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Skeletal Muscles (striated
and voluntary muscles)
are those which attach to
bones and have the main
function of contracting to
facilitate movement of our
skeletons.
Striated-appearance of
light and dark stripes
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of Muscles section
in your workbook!

7. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Skeletal Muscles
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of
Muscles section in your workbook!

8. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Smooth muscle
(Unstriated) Involuntary
muscle due to our
inability to control its
movements.
Found in the walls of
hollow organs such as
the stomach, esophagus,
bronchi and in the walls
of blood vessels.
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of
Muscles section in your workbook!

9. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Smooth muscle
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of
Muscles section in your workbook!

10. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Cardiac muscle only in the
walls of the heart.
Similar to:
skeletal muscle -striated
smooth muscle-
involuntarily controlled
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of
Muscles section in your workbook!

11. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
IB
Sports,
exercise and
health science
Sub-topics
Anatomy
1.2.2 Distinguish between the different types
of muscle
Topic 1
Anatomy
Different types muscle tissue
Cardiac muscle
1. The Skeletal
System
2. The Muscular
System
Now complete the Types of
Muscles section in your workbook!

12. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Voluntary vs Involuntary Muscles
• Voluntary muscle is a muscle that a person can
control.
• Involuntary muscle is a muscle that functions without
a person’s control.
Slide 12 of 16

13. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 13 of 16
• All muscles do work by contracting, or becoming
shorter and thicker.
How Muscles Work
• Many skeletal muscles work in pairs.
• One muscle in the pair contracts to move the
bone in one direction.
• Then, the other muscle in the pair contracts to
move the bone back.

14. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 14 of 16
Muscle Pairs
Biceps contracted
Biceps relaxed
Triceps relaxed
Triceps contracted

15. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Tendons
• A thick strand of tissue called a tendon attaches a
muscle to a bone.
Slide 15 of 16

16. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 16 of 16
• Even when a skeletal muscle is not contracting to
cause movement, a few of its individual muscle
fibers are still contracting.
Muscle Tone
• Contractions tense and firm the muscle.
• This slight tension is called muscle tone.
• Muscles that cannot contract due to injury, or are not
used often, will weaken and shrink, a condition
known as atrophy.

17. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 17 of 16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
The Muscular System
1) Frontalis
2) Temporalis
3) Trapezius
4) Deltoid
5) Pectoralis major
6) Sartorius
7) Tibialis anterior
8) Biceps
9) Triceps
10) External oblique
11) Rectus abdominus
12) Quadriceps muscles
13) Gastrocnemius

18. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 18 of 16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
The Muscular System
1) __________
2) __________
3) __________
4) __________
5) __________
6) __________
7) __________
8) __________
9) __________
10) __________
11) __________
12) __________
13) __________

19. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 19 of 16
Frontalis
26
27
28
29
Sartorius
30
31
32
33
34
35
Gastrocnemius

20. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 20 of 16
• You can maintain a healthy muscular system by
regularly participating in different types of exercise.
Keeping Healthy
• To help prevent injuries, exercise sessions should
include a warm-up and cool-down period.

21. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 21 of 16
• Some types of exercise increase a muscle’s
endurance—how long it can contract without tiring.
Working Your Muscles
• Other exercises make individual fibers grow, which
causes the muscles to thicken and increase in
strength.
• Anabolic steroids - are artificial forms of the male
hormone testosterone.

22. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 22 of 16
• Strains - A muscle strain, or a pulled muscle, is a
painful injury that may happen when muscles are
overworked or stretched too much or too quickly.
Avoiding Muscle Injuries
• Tendonitis - Overuse of tendons may lead to painful
swelling and irritation called tendonitis.
• Prevent injuries
• regular strengthening and stretching exercises
• vary your exercise routine
• warm up and cool down
• stop exercising if you feel a sharp or sudden pain

23. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Slide 23 of 16
• A muscle cramp is a strong, uncontrolled muscle
contraction.
Preventing Muscle Cramps
• To relieve a cramp, try massaging the affected area
and exercising the limb gently.
• Stretching and drinking plenty of water before and
during exercise can help you avoid muscle cramps.

24. Section 11.2 Your Muscular System
Questions
1. Identify 3 types of muscle and describe location and function of
each.
2. What is a tendon?
3. Explain what causes muscle tone?
4. What causes the condition known as atrophy?
5. What can you do to prevent muscle injuries?
6. What is the cause of a muscle strain?
7. Why is it an advantage that you do not have control over all of
your muscles?
8. Describe how a muscle pair in your thigh would work to bend and
then straighten your knee.
9. What type of muscle helps your to move your jaw to chew food?
10. Name an exercise that builds muscle endurance.
Slide 24 of 16