about the french gardens of 17th century

1. FRENCH GARDEN (RENNAISANCE)
INTRODUCTION
The Gardens of the French Renaissance is a garden style, initially inspired by
the Italian Renaissance garden. French Renaissance gardens were characterized
by symmetrical and geometric planting beds or parterres; plants in pots; paths
of gravel and sand; terraces; stairways and ramps; moving water in the form of
canals, cascades and monumental fountains, and extensive use of
artificial grottoes, labyrinths and statues of mythological figures.
ComponentsoftheFrenchGarden
PARTERRE. A planting bed, usually square or rectangular, containing an ornamental design
made with low closely clipped hedges, colored gravel, and sometimes flowers. Parterres
were usually laid out in geometric patterns, divided by gravel paths.
EMBROIDERY. A very curling decorative pattern within a parterre, created with trimmed
yew or box or made by cutting the pattern out of a lawn and filling it with colored gravel.
BOSQUET. A small group of trees, usually some distance from the house,
designed as an ornamental backdrop.
AE. A straight PATH, often lined with trees.
TOPIARY. Trees or bushes trimmed into ornamental shapes .In French gardens. They were
usually trimmed into geometric shapes.
GOOSE FOOT (PATTE D-OIE). Three or five paths or which spread outward from a single
point.
ALLEYS
EMBROIDERY
GOOSE FOOT PARTERRE
TOPIARRY
PlantsandTreestouseinFrenchFormal
Design
TREES
➢ Trees used in the Gardens of Versaille were:- Hornbeam, Beech, Chestnut,
Elm and inden for the most part.
➢ Hornbeam and Beech are easy to prune and shape making them particularly
good trees for formal gardens.
HEDGES :-
➢ The clipped hedges are usually box, lavender, rosemary and occasionally
santoline. Regular trimming to stop them going 'leggy' and 'woody' is
important.
PANTS:-
➢ Bedding plants and bulbs are popular choices for parterres with for
example, parterres filled with bulbs in formal patterns for spring flowering
and then taken out and replaced with bedding plants for the late-spring
and summer.
GardensofVersailles
➢ The Gardens of Versailles, created by Andr e Ntre between
1662 and 1700, were the greatest achievement of the Garden 
la francaise.
➢ They were the largest gardens in Europe - with an area of 15,000
hectares, and were laid out
on an east-west axis followed the course of the sun.
➢ The sun rose over the Court of Honor, lit the Marble Court, crossed the
Chateau and lit the bedroom of the King, and set at the end of the
Grand Canal, reflected in the mirrors of the Hall of Mirrors.
➢ In contrast with the grand perspectives, reaching to the horizon, the
garden was full of surprises - fountains, small gardens fill with
statuary, which provided a more human scale and intimate spaces.
➢ The central symbol of the Garden was the sun; the emblem of ouis XIV,
illustrated by the
statue of Apollo in the central fountain of the garden.
➢ The views and perspectives, to and from the palace, continued to
infinity.
➢ The king ruled over nature, recreating in the garden not only his
domination of his territories, but over the court and his subjects
Vaux-le-Vicomte
➢ The first important garden  la franaise was the Chateau of
Vaux-le-Vicomte, created by Nicolas Fouquet.
➢ Fouquet commissioned ouis e Vau to design the chateau, Charles e
Brun to design statues for the garden, and Andr e Ntre to create
the gardens.
➢ A grand perspective of 1500 meters extended from the foot of the
chateau to the statue of the Hercules of Farnese.
➢ The space was filled with parterres of evergreen shrubs in ornamental
patterns, bordered by colored sand, and the alleys were decorated
at regular intervals by statues, basins, fountains, and carefully
sculpted topiaries.
➢ The symmetry attained at Vaux achieved a degee of perfection and
unity rarely equalled in the art of classic gardens.
➢ The chateau is at the center of this strict spatial organization which
symbolizes power and
success.
ThePrinciplesoftheFrenchGarden
➢ A geometric plan using the most recent discoveries of perspective and
optics.
➢ A terrace overlooking the garden, allowing the visitor to see all at once the
entire garden.
➢ Trees are planted in straight lines, and carefully trimmed at a set height.
➢ The house/ palace/ chateaux serves as the central point of the
garden, and its central ornament. No trees are planted close to the
house; rather, the house is set apart by low parterres and trimmed
bushes.
➢ The principle axis is crossed by one or more perpendicular perspectives
and alleys.
➢ The most elaborate parterres, or planting beds, in the shape of squares,
ovals, circles or scrolls, are placed in a regular and geometric order close
to the house, to complement the architecture.
➢ The parterres near the residence are filled with broderies, designs
created with low boxwood to resemble the patterns of a carpet, and
given a polychrome effect by plantings of flowers, or by colored brick,
gravel or sand.
➢ Bodies of water (canals, basins) serve as mirrors, doubling the size of
the house or the
BOSQUET
SUBMITTED BY:
MOHD. DANISH,
VAISHALI