1. SYNOPSIS
PANIC ALARM CIRCUIT
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of degree
Bachelor ofTechnology
In
Electrical Engineering
Submitted to: Submitted by :
Mr. Surendra Kumar Pal Tushar Singh
Ms.Lipika Dutta (1900970200052)
ShubhangTripathi
(19000970200045)
Galgotias College Of EngineeringAndTechnology 1,
Knowledge Park -II, Greater Noida – 201306
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul KalamTechnical University , Lucknow, U.P
Batch:( 2019- 2023)
2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Main aim of the project
• Justification of the project
• Working methodology
• Circuit diagram
• Details of hardware used
• Limitation of the project proposed
• Specifying the contribution that this project would make
• Future scope of this project
3. INTRODUCTION
A panic alarm is an electronic device designed to assist in alerting somebody in emergency
situations where a threat to persons or property exists.
A panic alarm is frequently but not always controlled by a concealed panic alarm button.
These buttons can be connected to a monitoring center or locally via a silent alarm or an
audible bell/siren.The alarm can be used to request emergency assistance from
local security, police or emergency services. Some systems can also activate closed-circuit
television to record or assess the event.
It is composed of a panic button and a communications system, panic alarms send a signal
to emergency personnel once activated.They can be set to either blare a loud, intimidating
alarm or to silently alert the police to your emergency in situations of duress.They aware
the people about your emergencies without you having to physically call for help, which is
especially useful in situations when it could be unsafe to call the police. Overall, they are a
quick and efficient way to summon help. The panic alarm circuit is simple and can be
assembled on any general-purpose PCB with readily available components. Basically, it is
a transistorized timer using the charging/discharging property of a capacitor to give the
time delay.
4. Main aim of the project
The purpose of a panic alarm is to allow a person under duress to quickly and silently call
for help in the event of an emergency.The main aim of this project is to create a portable
and a handy panic alarm which can be easily be carried away by someone or can be
placed in some places where its reachability to the user remains feasible. It can be can
also be placed in several crowded places such as malls, bus stops ,metro stations, and
many other so that in catches more attention if a person is really in a dangerous
situation or if there is suddenly an uncomfortable or unsafe circumstances just to aware
people to escape to safer place.
5. JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
This is handy and portable panic alarm and can be of great importance
• A panic button promotes workplace safety. Safety of workers is the prime duty of any
company or factory.Thus panic button here plays a crucial role.
• A panic button is cost effective. Organization spend outrageous amounts of money
on ineffective tools to promote workplace security. Moreover, purchased with good
intentions, the realization that threats can come from any direction significantly
minimizes the effectiveness of the product.
• A panic button has undeniable versatility. Using buzz-in systems and high-tech
camera systems are good for monitoring. However, a threat can just as easily come
from within. If we take a good and efficient incident response plan and mix it with an
innovating panic button system, we can have the formula to handle any threat that
comes our way.The method can potentially interrupt a threat at its inception.
7. 1.IntiallyTRIGGER pin 2 and RESET pin 4 are pulled up using resistors R1 and R2. On
pressing the set button the trigger pin 2 goes low (<Vcc/3) making the output of lower
comparator inside 555 to go high for an instant .This sets the flip-flop and the OUTPUT
pin goes high and remains in this state until an external reset is given.
2.The process of resetting the 555 is done by pressing the RESET button.This makes the
RESET pin go 4 low (<Vcc/3) for an instant which is connected directly to flip-flop through
transistor. Hence the flip- flop is reset and the output becomes low and stays in the state
until next trigger is given.
3.The output signal reaches the base terminal of BC547 and the transistor turns ON. Now
the buzzer and the led connected to the transistor also turns ON.The NPN transistor is a
current controlled device.
8. 4.The NPN transistor is used as a control switch whose control signal is provided by
the 555 IC . Based on the control signal to base terminal the current flow from
collector terminal to emitter terminal occurs.
5.The transistor control or relay control will be reliable choice for a control switch.
9. wORKING
• The IC 555 is used in the Astable mode with the frequency depending on the values of
resistors R2, R3 and C2.The values of R2 = 100KΩ, R3 = 22KΩ and C2 = 10µF.
• By substituting the given parameters in the respective formulas for IC 555 in astable
mode, we get the following values.The frequency of operation of the circuit is
calculated to be 1 Hz. By finding the time period of the circuit by using the frequency
information, we get the time period of the circuit as 1 second.This means the circuit
has a on -off repeating time period of about 1 second.
• After analyzing the ON and OFF time period of the panic alarm circuit given above, we
find that the circuit will remain on for about 0.845 seconds and off for about 0.152
seconds.
• The circuit is in the disabled mode when the button is not pressed and hence the alarm
will not function when the button is not pressed. Although the power supply will be
supplied to the IC 555 all the time, the circuit will operate in the astable mode only
when the IC is enabled.The IC is in the enable mode only when pin 4 of the 555 IC is
given a high voltage.
11. DETAILS OF HARDWARE USED
Very basic electrical components are used in making a simple panic alarm which is quite easy
to access and do not need much assembling
• 555 IC
• Resistor – 1KΩ
• Resistor – 22KΩ
• Resistor – 100KΩ
• Capacitor – 10µF
• 9V Battery
• Push Button
• Mini Buzzer
• Breadboard
• ConnectingWires
12. LIMITATION OF PROJECT PROPOSED
Considering the size of our object that we are proposing, the durability and impact
bearable capacities of the object could be compromised.
13. SPECIFYING THE CONTRIBUTION THAT THIS
PROJECT WOULD MAKE
• After the completion of the project,
• It will make the security system more effective and on addition of sensors like IR
sensor can prevent security breaches.
• It can be life- saving in most of the time.
14. FUTURE SCOPE OF THIS PROJECT
• Panic alarm have been for many years been widely used for a range of security risks
across a variety of industries.Traditionally panic button are fixed devices either liked
to monitoring stations or emergency services, but the functionality, flexibility and
mobility can be enhanced.
• Smart panic alarm system can be worn discreetly, making them fully mobile.They can
include GPS tracking technology allowing ‘arrived safety’ messages to be sent in a
single click. If an arrival notification is not received at the expected time an alert is
sent to the pre-assigned contact.They can also be used to trigger flashlights, open or
close curtains or blinds, can lock exit doors. So any safety measures like this can be
integrated with the smart panic alarm system.
