This ppt covers importance of forest,its utilization and commercial aspects.

1. Government Science
College
Gadchiroli
Department Of Botany
M.Sc 2nd year sem 4
Presentation Topic :- Forest Utilization and its
commercial aspects
Student Name :- Tukaram L. Borkar
Session 2018-2019

2. Introduction
Importance Of Forest
Forest Utilization
Commercial Aspects Of Forest
Overview

3. Importance Of Forest
Direct Use
Timber, Non-timber forest products, recreation
Indirect Use
Erosion control, water quality, animal habitat
Option and Existence
Existence of trees, existence of wildlife, cultural uses

4. FOREST UTILIZATION
It is defined as the process of harvesting,
conversion and disposal of forest produce.
 It deals with the felling of forest crops,
transportation to the market, their processing into
various usable commodities and distribution to their
ultimate use.
It scopes covers not only ―Major Forest Produce,
i.e., timber and fuel, but also all other forest products
termed as ―Non Timber Forest Produce like
grasses, bamboos, fruits, leaves, barks, animals,
vegetables and minerals.

5. Main branches of Utilization
i. Production of logs that is harvesting and
conversion including transportation.
ii. Storage and marketing including seasoning
and preserving.
iii. Properties of wood that is wood structure,
physical and chemical properties, moisture
contents etc.
iv. Uses of timber and non timber forest
produces including defects, derived
products, improved uses etc

6. FOREST PRODUCES
 Medicinal and Aromatic plants
 Gums and Resin
 Bamboo and cane products
 Lac, silk and bee keeping
 Tans and dyes
 Fiber and flosses.
 Oil seeds.
 Distillation and extraction products,
 Animal, minerals and miscellaneous products

7. Bamboo belongs to grass family but grows like a
tree. It is woody, perennial and tall. It may attain a
height of as much as 30 metres.
the most significant commercial use of the bamboo
is for making pulp for the production of paper and
newsprint.
Of the total bamboo consumed in India, 32 per
cent is for construction, 30 per cent for rural use, 17
per cent for making paper pulp, 7 per cent for
packaging and the remaining 14 per cent for other
purposes.
Bamboos

8. • Thousands of drugs are obtained from fruits,
flowers, roots, stems and leaves of different types
of trees, plants and herbs. Quinine is the most
important drug obtained from the Indian forests.
• Spices are used to add aroma or pungency to
food to flavour certain dishes. The important
spices are galangal, cinnamon or Dalchini, lesser
cardamom (Chhoti Ilayachi), greater cardamom
(Badi Ilayachi), etc.
• Indian forests produce some poisonous
substances which can act as good medicines
when taken in small, regular doses. Some
outstanding poisons are strychnine, aconite,
datura, ganja etc.
Drugs, Spices and
Poisons

9. Tans and Dyes
• Tannins are secretion products of plant tissues.
Tanning materials are used in leather industry.
The most commonly used tanning materials are
mangrove, amla, oak, hemlock.
• Some of the important dyes are obtained from red
sander (bright red), khair (chocolate), flowers of
Palas, fruits of Mallotus phillipensis, bark of wattle
and roots of Morinda tinctoria. About two lakh
tonnes of tans and dyes are produced every year
in India.

10. • Fruits, flowers, leave or roots of various species
provide edible products. Mango, bel, ber, jamun,
khirni, phalsa, sitaphal, etc. are important fruits
obtained from the forests. Among the kernels
cashewnut, akhrot or walnut, achar, chilgoza and
kimal are important.
• Amla, anar, imli, karaunda, munga, kachnar, kaith,
mushroom, zimikand, guchchi, etc. are important
products used as pickles or vegetables. Palmyrah,
palm, mahua, corolla are used to obtain liquor and
their seeds are eaten. Tejpata, used for flavouring
curries are leaves of a small evergreen tree.
Edible Products

11. Oils
• A large number of plants and trees which
grow in Indian forests contain several
types of oils which are used to
manufacture soaps, cosmetics,
confectionary, pharmaceutical
preparations and many more things.
Commercially important oils are those
obtained from sandalwood, lemon grass,
khus and euclyptus globulus.

12. Gums
• Gums are exuded from the stems or other
parts of different trees
• The most important gum is Karaya
obtained from Sterculia urens or S. villosa
trees of dry deciduous forests.
• It is mainly used in textiles, cosmetics,
confectionery, medicines, inks, pastes,
cigar, etc. Madhya Pradesh is the largest
producer of gums in India.

13. Commercial aspects of
forest
• Forests provide a wide range of economic and
social benefits to humankind. These include
contributions to the overall economy – for
example through employment, processing and
trade of forest products and energy – and
investments in the forest sector.
• They also include the hosting and protection of
sites and landscapes of high cultural, spiritual or
recreational value.
•

14. Employment
forest-based industries provide nearly 23.5
million jobs across over 300 thousand
companies, most of which are small and
medium-sized or micro enterprises. Raw
material used by the forest-based industries
provides income to around 16 million forest
owners in the asia

15. Rubber Goods Industry
• Rubber goods are manufactured using natural
rubber, synthetic rubber and reclaimed rubber.
Rubber has been gaining increasing importance
in every aspect of life
• At present the rubber goods industry comprises
32 tyre units, 220-medium scale units, and 5,500
small-scale units. It offers direct employment to
nearly 4 lakh people. The major rubber goods
produced by the industry are tyres and tubes of
all kinds, surgical gloves, conveyor and vee
belts, sports goods etc. Tyres and tubes
constitute the most important segment of this

16. Pulp and Paper Industries
• The pulp and paper industry is one of the key industries in
India and it is highly fragmented. Today, there are about
700 paper mills in India with 33 in the large scale sector.
During 1990s, the per capita consumption of paper was
3.3 kg which has now escalated to 8 kg, but still lower
compared to the global average of 47.7 kg. The current
production of raw material for pulp and paper production
is 2.76 million tons as against the demand of 5.04 million
tonnes. The shortfall is as high as 45 per cent.

17. Plywood Industries:
• One of the fastest growing in India is the plywood industry.
The industrialization and urbanization and the increased
interest on interior decorations have made great usage of
plywood in the country. Wide range of species have been
found amenable for making face, core and inner veneers
resulted in establishment of more than 2,000 small scale
industries involved in plywood manufacture.
• The liberalization and privatization policy of government of
India also significantly contributed towards establishment
of new rural industries. These industries also depend
heavily on various species which thereby attracted large
scale promotion of plywood based industrial wood
plantations.

18. Timber and Sawn Wood
Industries:
• The rapid population growth, urbanization and
industrialization resulted in greater usage of wood in
furniture, housing and construction material. During, 2010-
2012 more than 500 million square feet of space is
estimated to be built in urban areas of the country and the
wood products were valued around US Dollar 3 billion.
• With greater usage wood as a predominant material for
housing and construction material in urban and semi urban
areas there is going to be a great demand for timber and
other sawn wood requirement. The Indian furniture market
is estimated at 8 billion US Dollar and in most cases raw
materials are imported from various countries

19. Thank you