3. DEFINITION of HISTORY
Traditional Definition Modern Definition
• History is the record of the past.
• History is a record of the human
past from the time written records
began to appear.
• History is the interpretative and
imaginative study of surviving
records of the past, either written
or unwritten, in order to determine
the meaning and scope of human
existence.
4. USES/IMPORTANCE of HISTORY
A.Bridging the gap between the present and the past
B.Explaining causes of things and events
C.Projecting the future
D.Interpreting conditions of a given space and time
E.Promoting Nationalism and Patriotism
5. SOURCES OF HISTORY
A. Written or Inscribed Sources
Letter and diaries, Local Newspaper, School Records etc.,
B. Graphic/ Visual materials and Artifacts
Photographs, arts and crafts, buried artifacts etc.,
C. Folklore/Oral Literature
D. Oral History
E. Interview
6. PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES IN
THE WRITING AND STUDY OF
HISTORY
A.Scarcity of written materials, specially in the local level
B.Problems of translation with regard to documents written in
Spanish and other foreign languages
C.Biases and prejudices on the part of foreign writers
D.The lack of representative materials for the whole country
E.Lack of trained historians
7. MAJOR VIEWS OR
PHILOSOPHIES IN THE STUDY
OF HISTORY
A.Cyclical View
B.Providential View
C.Progressive View or Linear View
D.The Marxist or Leftist-Socialist View
E.Relativist View
8. REASONS FOR INTERPRETING PHILIPPINE
HISTORY FROM A NATIONALIST FILIPINO POINT
OF VIEW
A.Foreign Interpretation is Biased and Prejudiced
B.Filipinos have greater familiarity with and understanding
their own culture and history
C.The Filipino point of view can help promote Nationalism
and patriotism
9. HISTORY AS A TOOL IN UNDERSTANDING
NATIONAL IDENTITY
A.It helps in tracing the roots of the Filipino people
and the struggle they underwent to attain unity and
independence.
B.It serves as a tool in identifying commonalities in
their culture and experiences.
C.It points out the need for nationalism in nation
building.
11. Activity 1
Read and understand the following and try to answer it by
making an explanation. A concise answer will be more
appreciated.
1.Explain why knowledge of History is important.
2.In the absence of documents, point out other sources of
historical information that can be tapped.
3.Explain why there is a need to interpret Philippine history
form a Filipino point of view. How would this approach help
in understanding one’s national identity.
