MAJOR CROPS -CBSE GRADE 8

2. MOST OF THE CROPS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO
THE FOLLOWING CATEGORIES—
---FOOD CROPS---
RICE,WHEAT,MAIZE,MILLETS.
---COMMERCIAL CROPS---FRUITS,SPICES AND
SUGAR
CANE.
---BEVERAGE CROPS---TEA,COFFEE AND
COCOA.
---FIBRE CROPS---COTTON AND JUTE.

3. FOOD CROPS

4. 1- RICE
IT IS CULTIVATED IN HOT
AND HUMID REGIONS.ASIA
IS THE LARGEST
PRODUCER OF RICE WITH
90% OF THE TOTAL RICE
PRODUCTION OF THE
WORLD.IT IS GROWN IN
THE KHARIF SEASON(rainy
season).IT NEEDS ABOUT
150cm OF RAINFALL AND A
TEMPRATURE OF 25°C.IT
GROWS IN CLAYEY SOIL
AND REQUIRES STAGNANT
WATER.CHINA IS THE
LARGEST PRODUCER OF
RICE IN THE WORLD.

5. 2- WHEAT
IT IS THE MOST
WIDELY
CULTIVATED CROP
IN
THE WORLD AND
REQUIRES A
TEMPRATURE OF
ABOUT 15°C AND
75cm OF
RAINFALL..IT
GROWS WELL IN
LOAMY AND
BLACK SOIL.
USA IS THE
LARGEST
CULTIVATOR OF
WHEAT IN THE
WORLD.

6. 3- MILLETS
MILLETS INCLUDE
RAGI,JOWAR AND
BAJRA.
THEY GROW IN LESS
FERTILE SOIL LIKE
SANDY SOIL.IT
REQUIRES LOW
RAINFALL AND HIGH
TEMPRATURE TO
GROW.
THEY ARE USED NOT
ONLY FOR FOOD BUT
ALSO FODDER.INDIA IS
THE LARGEST
PRODUCER OF MILLETS
IN THE WORLD.

7. 4- MAIZE
MAIZE IS ALSO
KNOWN AS CORN IN
USA(which is more
familiar)AND MAKKA
IN INDIA.IT IS
ORIGINATED IN
LATIN AMERICA AND
USA IS THE LARGEST
PRODUCER OF
MAIZE.IT REQUIRES
A TEMPRATURE OF
ABOUT 20°C
AND 50 TO 75cm OF
RAINFALL.

8. QUICK SUMMARY
 RICE IS A KHARIF CROP.
 RICE NEEDS 150cm OF RAINFALL AND A TEMPRATURE OF
25°C.
 CHINA IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF RICE.
 WHEAT IS THE MOST WIDELY CULTIVATED CROP IN THE
WORLD.
 IT REQUIRES 75cm OF RAINFALL AND A TEMPRATURE OF
15°C.
 USA IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF WHEAT.
 MILLETS GROW IN SANDY SOIL.
 THEY REQUIRE LOW RAINFALL AND HIGH TEMPRATURE.
 I NDIA IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF MILLETS IN THE
WORLD.
 MAIZE IS ALSO KNOWN AS CORN.
 MAIZE IS ORIGINATED IN LATIN AMERICA.
 IT REQUIRES A TEMPRATURE OF 20°C AND 50-75cm OF
RAINFALL.
 USA IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF MAIZE.

9. COMMERCIAL
CROPS

10. SUGARCANE
SUGAR CANE IS A
MAJOR SOURCE OF
SUGAR.IT GROWS
TO A HEIGHT OF 2-
3 METRES AND
GROWS IN LOAMY
SOIL.IT NEEDS A
TEMPRATURE OF
25°C AND ABOUT
150cm OF
RAINFALL.THE
MAIN SUGARCANE
PRODUCERS OF
SUGARCANE ARE
MEXICO,BRAZIL,CU
BA AND INDIA.

11. -SUGARCANE NEEDS A
RAINFALL OF 150cm
AND A TEMPRATURE
OF 25°C.
-IT GROWS IN LOAMY
SOIL.
QUICK SUMMARY

12. BEVERAGE
CROPS

13. 1- TEA

14. 1- TEA
. IT IS THE MOST
POPULAR
BEVERAGE
CROP.IT NEEDS
250CM OF
RAINFALL AND
ABOUT 25°C OF
TEMPRATURE.TEA
IS MAINLY GROWN
IN CHIN A,INDIA,
JAPAN AND
BANGLADESH

15. 2- COFFEE
THE NAME COFFEE IS
DERIVED FROM
KAFFIA,A DISTRICT IN
ETHIOPIA.IT IS
OBTAINED FROM THE
BEANS OF THE
PLANT.IT NEEDS 150-
250cm OF RAINFALL
AND A TEMPRATURE
OF 22°C.BRAZIL IS
THE LARGEST
PRODUCER AND
EXPORTER OF
COFFEE.BRAZIL IS
ALSO KNOWN AS THE
COFFEE POT OF THE
WORLD.

16. -TEA IS THE MOST POPULAR
BEVERAGE CROP.
-IT NEEDS A RAINFALL OF ABOUT
250cm AND 25°C OF TEMPRATURE.
-COFFEE IS OBTAINED FROM THE
BEANS OF THE PLANT.
-IT NEEDS 150-250cm OF RAINFALL
AND 22°C OF TEMPRATURE.
-IT GROWS IN LOAMY SOIL.
QUICK SUMMARY

17. FIBRE
CROPS

18. 1- COTTON
IT IS THE MOST
IMPORTANT FIBRE.IT
IS ORIGINATED IN
INDIA.
IT NEEDS 80-120cm OF
RAINFALL AND 20°C.IT
GROWS IN ALLUVIAL
AND BLACK LAVA
SOIL.THE MAIN
COTTON PRODUCERS
ARE USA
,INDIA,PAKISTAN AND
CHINA.

19. 2- JUTE
IT IS ALSO
KNOWN AS
GOLDEN FIBRE
AND THE
SECOND MOST
IMPORTANT
FIBRE.IT NEEDS
150-200cm OF
RAINFALL AND
30°C OF
TEMPRATURE.B
ANGLADESH
AND INDIA ARE
THE LARGEST
PRODUCERS OF
JUTE IN THE
WORLD.

20. -COTTON IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FIBRE IN
THE WORLD.
-IT REQUIRES A TEMPRATURE OF 20°C AND A
RAINFALL OF 80-150cm OF RAINFALL.
-IT IS GROWN IN ALLUVIAL SOIL.
-JUTE IS THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT
FIBRE IN THE WORLD.
-IT REQUIRES A RAINFALL OF 150-250cm AND
A TEMPRATURE OF 30°C.
-IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS GOLDEN FIBRE.
-BANGLADESH AND INDIA ARE THE LARGEST
PRODUCERS OF JUTE.
QUICK SUMMARY

21. OVER THE LAST 30 YEARS THE AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT AHS INCREASED IN A HIGH RATE.USAGE OF
MACHINES AND CHEMICAL FERTILISERS INCREASED.AFTER
GREEN REVOLUTION IN THE 1960s IN INDIA,ALL THE
EFFORTS LED TO INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY AND MADE
INDIA SELF
SUFFICIENT IN FOOD GRAINS.
LETS SEE THE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN A
DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRY-USA AND INDIA
RESPECTIVELY.
AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT

22. -LAND IS ABUNDANT AND CHEAP.
-AGRICULTURE IS CARRIED OUT IN A LARGE SCALE.
-COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE IS PRACTICED.
-MODERN MACHINES ARE USED.
-DRY OR IRRIGATED FARMING IS PRACTISED.
-MODERN METHODS OF FARMING ARE IMPLEMENTED.
-THE MODE OF FARMING IS MIXED.
-FARMERS ARE EDUCATED AND WELL AWARE.
-SCIENTIFIC METHODS ARE USED.
-GOOD STORAGE FACILITIES ARE AVAILABLE.
-PRODUCTION IS LARGE DUE TO LARGE LAND HOLDING.
-
USA

23. -FARMS ARE VERY SMALL IN SIZE.
-LAND HOLDINGS ARE CONSOLIDATEDTHROUGH CO-
ORPERATIVE FARMING.
-FARMERS ARE POOR AND UNABLE TO AFFORD COSTLY
MACHINES.
-MODERN METHODS OF FARMING ARE NOT USED.
-AGRICULURE IS MAINLY DEPENDENT ON THE MONSOON.
-MIXED FARMING AND PASTORAL FARMING IS NOT
PRACTICED.
-MOST OF THE FARMERS ARE ILLITERATE.
-STORAGE FARM PRODUCTS ARE EXPENSIVE AND
DIFFICULT.
-BANKS GIVE LOANS TO FARMERS.
-LAND HOLDINGS ARE SMALL,SO YIELD IS SMALL.
INDIA