it shows major features of indus valley civilisation like features of cities,granary and agriculture, trade, handicrafts and occupational groups, beliefs system .

1. INDUS VALLEY
CIVILIZATION

2. Features of cities
Granary and Agriculture
Trade
Handicrafts and Occupational groups
Belief Systems
The fall of Indus civilization
MAJOR FEATURES:

3. The most interesting urban feature of Harappa
civilizations is it is Town planning, Almost all the major cities are
divided into two parts:
Citadel :On higher mound on the western side
Lower town: on the eastern side of the settlement.
The citadel contain large structures which might have
functioned as administrative or ritual centres,The residential
buildings are built in the lower town.
FEATURES OF CITIES

4. Granaries are significant among the ruins discovered
from Harappa. They were big buildings with the facility to dry
and store grains.
The remains of wheat,barley,milet,sesame,pulses,etc.have been
found here. Evidence of rice cultivation have been uncovered
from Rangpur and Lothal in Gujarath.Cotton was also cultivated.
The urban folk depended on the villages for food and work. The
villages were the major market for the urban products.
Granary And Agriculture

5. TRADE
The agricultural progress led to surplus production and
storage of grains. The inscriptions discovered from Mesopotamia
mention their trade relation with Meluha.The clay models of
sailing ships obtained also prove their maritime trade link. The
seals widely found from the Indus valley sites were probably
used for the purpose of trade.

6. HANDICRAFTS AND OCCUPATIONAL
GROUPS
The seals, clay figures,utensils,ornaments,etc dug
out from Harappa bear witness their craftsmanship. Animal
figures were molded from clay. Figures of man,women,and
carts have also been uncovered from here. The artistic skill
of the Harappa's is reflected in the seals they made. The
seals were made from clay and stones. The statute of the
dancing girl found from Mohenjo-Daro is also an example
for their artistic skill.

7. BELIEF SYSTEMS
The seals found from Harappa provide information about
the belief systems. clay figures of women have widely been
discovered .They prove the existence of worshipping the
mother godess.such worship existed in connection with
fertility of the soil. The people also worshipped trees and
animals.

8. THE FALL OF INDUS CIVILIZATION
Flood
External invasions
Deforestation
Decline of agricultural sector
Epidemics

9. THANKYOU
TERLY MATHEW VU
SOCIAL SCIENCE
ROLL NO:50