2. Applied Physics, Credit Hours: (3+0)
Catalog Description
Measurement, Motion Along a Straight Line, Vectors, Motion in Two and Three
Dimensions, Force and Motion, Kinetic Energy and Work, Potential Energy and
Conservation of Energy, Center of Mass and Linear Momentum, Rotation, Torque
and Angular Momentum, Equilibrium and Elasticity, Gravitation. Fluids,
Oscillations, Waves, First Law of Thermodynamics, Entropy and the Second Law
of Thermodynamics, Electric charge, Electric Fields, Gauss’ Law, Electric
Potential, Capacitance, Current and Resistance, Circuits, Magnetic Fields,
Magnetic Fields Due to Currents, Induction and Inductance, Electromagnetic
Oscillations and Alternating Current, Maxwell’s Equations.
Textbook: Halliday, Resnick and walker “Fundamentals of Physics” 10th
Edition.
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3. Course Learning Outcomes (CLO’s)
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be
able to:
CLO 1. Define the basic terminologies and fundamental laws of
applied physics relevant to the engineering sciences.
CLO 2. Apply knowledge of basic physical laws to solve various
problems of applied physics.
4. Program Learning Outcomes (PLO’s)
This course is designed in conjunction with the following PLOs:
PLO-1: Engineering Knowledge: An ability to apply knowledge of
mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an engineering
specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
5. Mapping of CLO’s to PLO’s
Program Learning
Outcome
Course Learning
Outcome
Learning Domain
PLO-1 CLO-1 Cognitive 1
PLO-1 CLO-2 Cognitive 3
6. Chapter 1. Measurement
1.WHAT IS PHYSICS?
2. MEASURING THINGS
3. THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
4. LENGTH
5. TIME
6. MASS
7. CHANGING UNITS
8.CALCULATIONS WITH UNCERTAIN QUANTITIES
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7. What Is Physics?
Physics is the study of the basic components of the universe and their
interactions. Theories of physics have to be verified by the experimental
measurements.
Science and engineering are based on measurements and comparisons.
Need of rules about how things are measured and compared
we need experiments to establish the units for those measurements and
comparisons.
Example:
For example, physicists strive to develop clocks of extreme accuracy so that any
time or time interval can be precisely determined and compared (GPS System)
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8. Measurements
A scientific measurement requires:
The definition of the physical quantity
The units.
The value of a physical quantity is actually the product of a number
and a unit .
We measure each physical quantity in its own units, by comparison
with a standard.
The unit is a unique name we assign to measures of that quantity—
for example, meter (m) for the quantity length. The standard
corresponds to exactly 1.0 unit of the quantity.
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9. Base and Derived Quantities
Base standards must be both accessible
and invariable.
If we define the length standard as the
distance between one’s nose and the
index finger on an outstretched arm, we
certainly have an accessible standard—
but it will, of course, vary from person to
person.
The demand for precision in science and
engineering pushes us to aim first for
invariability.
We then exert great effort to make
duplicates of the base standards that are
accessible to those who need them.
The International System of Units
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10. Scientific Notation
To express the very large and very small quantities,
we use scientific notation
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4700000
0.0000065
11. Changing Units
In chain-link conversion, we multiply the original
measurement by one or more conversion factors.
A conversion factor is defined as a ratio of units
that is equal to 1.
For example, because 1 mile and 1.61 kilometers are
identical distances, we have:
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• Convert 2Mints into Seconds
12. Basic Measurements in the Study of Motion
Length: Our “How far?” question involves
being able to measure the distance
between two points.
• Time: To answer the question, “How
long did it take?”
• Mass: Mass is a measure of “amount
of stuff.”
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13. Length
Definition 1:The meter came to be defined as the distance between
two fine lines engraved near the ends of a platinum–iridium bar, the
standard meter bar, which was kept at the International Bureau of
Weights and Measures near Paris.
Definition 2: In 1960, a new standard for the meter, based on the
wavelength of light, was adopted. Specifically, the standard for the
meter was redefined to be 1 650 763.73 wavelengths of a particular
orange-red light emitted by atoms of krypton-86 (a particular
isotope, or type, of krypton) in a gas discharge tube that can be set
up anywhere in the world.
Definition 3: The meter is the length of the path travelled by light in a
vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second.
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14. Time
The quartz clock keeps better time than the best mechanical
clocks. It contains a specially cut quartz crystal that vibrates at a
particular frequency when voltage is applied. The vibrations can be
sustained in an electrical circuit and will generate a signal of
constant frequency that can be used to keep time.
SI Definition:
One second is the time taken by 9 192 631 770 oscillations of the
light (of a specified wavelength) emitted by a cesium-133 atom or
One second is the duration of 9.192631770 × 109 periods of the
radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine
levels of the ground state of the cesium-133 atom.
This definition is based on the operation of a caesium atomic clock.
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15. Mass
Mass: One kilogram is the mass of this thing
(a platinum-iridium cylinder of height=diameter=39 mm)
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