it is about introduction to Tourism for the grade 10th. it basically outline and define what Tourism to the learners and it is involved in tourism as a subject not and industry.
2. OBJECTIVES
After reading and studying this you should be able
to:
Describe the evolution of tourism
Define the scope and importance of tourism, both for the
U.S. economy and internationally
Explain why tourism is described by Gunn and Leiper as
a system
3. Introduction
• We can approach tourism from multiple viewpoints
•
•
Areas are interrelated
Industry experts recommend a systems approach
•
If something happens in one area, it will likely cause an effect in another
4. DEFINITION OF TOURISM
United Nations W
orld Tourism Organization (UNW
TO)
definition:
Activities of persons traveling to, and staying in places outside their
usual environment.
Not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other
purposes
5. DEFINITION OF
TOURISM (CONT’D.)
Important terms:
Demand side
Tourists’ motivations
Supply side
Sectors that satisfy tourist needs
Infrastructure
Components that an area’s residents rely
on
Superstructure
Facilities built to accommodate tourist
needs
6. PERSPECTIVES OF TOURISM
We can study tourism from several
perspectives
Holistic interdisciplinary approach
oIncludes all elements of Figure 1–2
o Also
includes several other elements (e.g.,
geography, motivation, marketing, economics,
policy, agriculture, etc.)
7. THE TOURISM PRODUCT
• Narrow sense
•
Consists of what the tourist buys
• Wider sense
•
Combination of what the tourist does at the destination
and services used
8. THE TOURISM PRODUCT
(CONT’D.)
Characteristics of a tourism product:
Service, which is intangible (e.g., cannot be
inspected physically)
Psychological in attraction
Varies in quality and standards
Supply side is fixed (e.g., more hotel rooms
cannot be instantly created to meet demand).
9. CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
Major types:
Internal tourism
Residents of a country visiting other parts of their own
country
Domestic tourism
Inbound tourism plus internal tourism
11. CHARACTERISTICS (CONT’D.)
Characteristics:
Combination of phenomena and relationships
Dynamic elements (the journey) and static elements (the stay)
Movement to destinations is temporary
Not connected with paid work
Tourist goes to the product
13. TOURISM INDUSTRY SECTORS
Several interacting industries make up the tourism
system, including:
I. Transportation
II. Lodging
III. Attractions
IV. Foodservice
14. TOURISM PAST
• Preindustrial age
Cruises on the Nile
Wealthy Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans
Olympics
The wheel and roads
Trade
The Grand Tour
15. TOURISM PAST
(CONT’D.)
• Trains
Steam power gave birth to rail travel
Causes of increased growth:
Need to move goods
Politics, immigrants, and labor
Travel and tourism
Causes of decline:
New modes of transportation (e.g., bus, car, and
airplanes)
Great Depression
16. TOURISM PAST (CONT’D.)
• CRUISINg
•
UNTIl 1830, TRAvEl bY ShIP wAS PRIMITIvE
•
•
MOSTlY USED fOR DISCOvERY, TRADINg, OR MIgRATION
ThE PENINSUlA AND ORIENT (P&O) COMPANY
•
fIRST TO OffER CRUISES bETwEEN bRITAIN, SPAIN, AND
PORTUgAl
17. TOURISM PAST (CONT’D.)
Automobile travel
Internal combustion engine automobile
Emerged from steam engines
Henry Ford
Automobile assembly line
Model-T Ford
Increased leisure travel
18. TOURISM PAST (CONT’D.)
• Air travel
•
•
•
Wright brothers
1935 commercial flights became feasible
World War II
•
•
Pressed planes into military service
1950 commercial jet airplanes
•
Boeing 700 series
20. TOURISM PRESENT (CONT’D.)
Jafar Jafari’s platforms:
Advocacy platform
• Many were advocating for tourism development
Cautionary platform
• Studies that argued tourism is not all benefits
Adaptancy platform
• Favoring one alternative over another
Knowledge based platform
• Combined the platforms
21. TOURISM PRESENT
(CONT’D.)
Scope of travel and tourism
Mass travel and tourism
After World War II superhighways, commercial jets, and
disposable income made it possible
Travel flows change continuously
Depend on economic conditions
Includes exchange rates, political factors, and business
conditions
Business power of Japan, China, and India
22. TOURISM PRESENT
(CONT’D.)
• Business travel
• Meetings, conferences, seminars, workshops,
and training sessions
• Incentive travel
• Normal business travel
•
• May be a combination of first two
Research and teaching travel
23. DOMESTIC TRAvEl AND
TOURISM
• Domestic leisure travel
•
Large and growing sector
•
Includes travel for recreation, visiting friends and relatives,
history and culture, attractions, entertainment, cruising, and
sightseeing
• Domestic business travel
•
Includes all forms that are work related
•
MICE (meetings, incentives, conferences, exhibitions)
24.
25. DIFFERENT TYPE OF TOURISM
Adventure
Cultural
tourism
tourism
Conference
Wild
tourism
life tourism
26. IMPACT OF TOURISM
Living
standard
Employment
Transportation
Health
facility
31. A Choice Between
Two Categories of Tourism:
MASS TOURISM V.S. ALTERNATIVE
Mass Tourism:
The organized movement of large groups of people to
specialized tourist locations.
A consequence of the increase of people traveling for pleasure;
developed to cater to huge numbers of tourists.
Examples: whole resort towns, theme parks, tourism business
districts, cruises, packaged vacations, all-inclusive resorts, etc.
33. A Choice Between
Two Categories of Tourism:
MASS TOURISM V.S. ALTERNATIVE
Alternative Tourism:
Individually planned activities to gain and experience
first-hand knowledge about local cultures and
environments.
Focus on secluded areas, occur during non-peak
travelling times, can include arranging own flights
and accommodations.
Example: a self-planned biking trip through Vermont,
while camping or arranging accommodations “as
you go.”
35. A Quick Comparison between Mass
and Alternative Tourism
Mass Tourism
Alternative Tourism
large groups
traditional
fixed program
focus on “sights”
little or no background research
desire for souvenirs
purchase items while there
may involve loud social activities
snapshots and postcards
no language preparation
singles, families, friends
recent trend
spontaneous decisions
focus on “experiences”
careful preparation and research
desire for memories / knowledge
bring items to give away
quiet, low impact
photography and painting
learn local language
36. Pleasure Tourism
To
improve the physical or spiritual condition of an
individual .
Examples: yoga workshops, detoxification clinics,
spas, etc.
44. Health / Medical Tourism
•
To improve one’s health, such as a visit to a health
resort or weight-loss camp.
45. *Adventure Tourism
•
Involves challenges and adventure, such as trekking
through a tropical rainforest or rock climbing.
* Types of Sustainable Tourism, a movement, which started around
2000.
46. *Wilderness Tourism
•
To experience something very different from everyday life in
remote wilderness areas.
* Types of Sustainable Tourism, a movement, which started around 2000.