2. About the Presenter
● Dr.Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a passionate Professor and
Researcher from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
● At present he is Heading the department of Psychology, The
American College, Madurai and Adjunct Professor of School of
Behavioural Sciences and Education at TAU
● He is very keen in learning new research studies in behavioural
Sciences and open to learn.
● His ultimate aim is to make impression in the field of Knowledge
● His area of specializations are Psychometry, Positive
Psychotherapy and Cyber Psychology
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3. Disclaimer
● This presentation is prepared for learning
purpose only and all the images and pictures
used in this presentation are taken from google
image search.
● Due recognition was given to all the material
collected from the various sources.
● Any name or reference is missed kindly bring it to
the notice of the presenter for inclusion.
● Email - sureshkumar800@yahoo.com Thank you
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4. Introduction ● Kids have more information at their fingertips than any
generation before.
● Tablets, laptops, and smartphones are common at school
and at home, including for virtual learning.
● The devices aren’t going away anytime soon, which is why
families should have conversations about cyber safety.
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5. Cyber Safety ● The internet and cyberspace has information that can
enrich our lives.
● It also can harm us and the people we love.
● Actually we want our children to have access to it, but also
want them to be safe online.
● How can we get both things?
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6. Cyber Safety ● How can we safe in online?
● This is the challenge of living in a connected world.
● The bad guys may be smart, but we can be smarter by
teaching the cyber safety in the beginning itself.
8. Cyber Safety
● Cyber safety is the act of staying safer in
online.
● It includes being aware of the risks
associated with our online activity and
employing a few strategies to prevent or
avoid these risks.
● Cyber safety is also sometimes referred to as
○ online safety,
○ internet safety, or
○ e-safety.
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10. Dangers of the
internet
● One of the prevalent dangers of the internet is
cybercriminals and the ever evolving cyber crimes they
create.
● Because so many cyber crimes are launched to target any
internet user, it's likely that no family member is exempt of
such attacks, either.
● There are many threats children face online, as well as
adults and teens.
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11. Dangers of the internet
Educating the whole family on how to identify and avoid each cyber
threat is an important part of internet safety. Here are at least 10
risks or dangers of the internet to know, but be aware that new
cyber threats are constantly evolving.
● Identity theft
● Cyberbullying
● Online predators
● Faulty privacy setting
● Phishing
● Online scams
● Malware
● Inappropriate content
● Bait and switch
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12. Time To Act
No matter how prepared weare, sometimes, bad things happen to careful people. If any of these things
have happened, it might be time to take a stand:
● Having a friend pass on a private online conversation to someone else without your permission
● Being harassed via messages, Facebook, Twitter, email or in-game chat
● Being tricked into giving out a secret online
● Having an embarrassing picture of you posted or sent around online
● Being signed up to receive unwanted e-mails, like pornography, by someone else
● Having someone break into your account or steal your password
● Finding out that the person you're emailing, texting or messaging isn't the person you thought they
were
● Having someone pretend to be you online
● Being entered in an online poll or contest without your knowledge
● Having someone post nasty comments on your guestbook, blog, or on a discussion board
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14. Types of cyber
threats
The threats countered by cyber-security are
three-fold:
1. Cybercrime includes single actors or
groups targeting systems for financial
gain or to cause disruption.
2. Cyber-attack often involves politically
motivated information gathering.
3. Cyberterrorism is intended to
undermine electronic systems to cause
panic or fear.
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16. Malware
● Malware means malicious software.
● One of the most common cyber threats, malware is
software that a cybercriminal or hacker has created
to disrupt or damage a legitimate user’s computer.
● Often spread via an unsolicited email attachment or
legitimate-looking download
● Malware may be used by cybercriminals to make
money or in politically motivated cyber-attacks.
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17. There are a number of different types
of malware, including:
● Virus
● Trojans
● Spyware
● Ransomware
● Adware
● Botnets
● SQL injection
● Phishing
● Man-in-the-middle attack
● Denial-of-service attack
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18. Virus
A self-replicating program that attaches itself to clean file and spreads
throughout a computer system, infecting files with malicious code.
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19. Trojans
A type of malware that is disguised as legitimate software. Cybercriminals trick
users into uploading Trojans onto their computer where they cause damage or
collect data.
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20. Spyware
A program that secretly records what a user does, so that cybercriminals can
make use of this information. For example, spyware could capture credit card
details.
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21. Ransomware
Malware which locks down a user’s files and data, with the threat of erasing it
unless a ransom is paid.
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23. Botnets
Networks of malware infected computers which cybercriminals use to perform
tasks online without the user’s permission.
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24. SQL injection
● An SQL (structured language query) injection is a type of cyber-
attack used to take control of and steal data from a database.
● Cybercriminals exploit vulnerabilities in data-driven applications to
insert malicious code into a database via a malicious SQL
statement.
● This gives them access to the sensitive information contained in
the database.
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25. Phishing
● Phishing is when cybercriminals target victims with emails that appear to be from a legitimate company
asking for sensitive information.
● Phishing attacks are often used to dupe people into handing over credit card data and other personal
information.
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26. Man-in-the-middle attack
● A man-in-the-middle attack is a type of cyber threat where a cybercriminal intercepts communication
between two individuals in order to steal data.
● For example, on an unsecure WiFi network, an attacker could intercept data being passed from the
victim’s device and the network.
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27. Denial-of-service attack
A denial-of-service attack is where cybercriminals prevent a computer system
from fulfilling legitimate requests by overwhelming the networks and servers
with traffic. This renders the system unusable, preventing an organization from
carrying out vital functions.
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29. Latest cyber threats
Some of the most recent cyber threats that the U.K., U.S.,
and Australian governments have reported on.
● Dridex malware
● Romance scams
● Emotet malware
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30. Dridex malware
● In December 2019, the U.S. Department of Justice (DoJ)
charged the leader of an organized cyber-criminal group for
their part in a global Dridex malware attack. This malicious
campaign affected the public, government, infrastructure and
business worldwide.
● Dridex is a financial trojan with a range of capabilities.
Affecting victims since 2014, it infects computers though
phishing emails or existing malware. Capable of stealing
passwords, banking details and personal data which can be
used in fraudulent transactions, it has caused massive
financial losses amounting to hundreds of millions.
● In response to the Dridex attacks, the U.K.’s National Cyber
Security Centre advises the public to “ensure devices are
patched, antivirus is turned on and up to date and files are
backed up”.
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31. Romance scams
● In February 2020, the FBI warned U.S. citizens to be
aware of confidence fraud that cyber criminals
commit using dating sites, chat rooms and apps.
● Perpetrators take advantage of people seeking new
partners, duping victims into giving away personal
data.
● The FBI reports that romance cyber threats affected
114 victims in New Mexico in 2019, with financial
losses amounting to $1.6 million.
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32. Emotet malware ● In late 2019, The Australian Cyber Security Centre warned
national organizations about a widespread global cyber
threat from Emotet malware.
● Emotet is a sophisticated trojan that can steal data and
also load other malware. Emotet thrives on unsophisticated
password: a reminder of the importance of creating a
secure password to guard against cyber threats.
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34. Cyber safety tips
How can businesses and individuals guard against cyber threats? Here are
our top cyber safety tips:
1. Update your software and operating system: This means you
benefit from the latest security patches.
2. Use anti-virus software: Security solutions like Total Security will
detect and removes threats. Keep your software updated for the best
level of protection.
3. Use strong passwords: Ensure passwords are not easily guessable.
4. Do not open email attachments from unknown senders: These
could be infected with malware.
5. Do not click on links in emails from unknown senders or
unfamiliar websites:This is a common way that malware is spread.
6. Avoid using unsecured WiFi networks in public places: Unsecure
networks leave you vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks.
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36. Internet safety tips for
kids
Whether they’re learning virtually, watching YouTube, or
playing games, kids are becoming digital citizens at young
age. So, it’s never too early to acquaint them with some
internet safety tips.
● Tip #1: Know the dangers of the internet
● Tip #2: Remember your identity is important
● Tip #3: Beware of strangers
● Tip #4: Watch out for phishing
● Tip #5: Choose strong passwords
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37. Tip #1: Know the
dangers of the internet
● When it comes to cybersecurity, kids are often one
of our family’s weakest links — and that can be for
lack of knowing the dangers of the internet.
● Teach kids about suspicious activity online and
encourage them to ask for help if something seems
unusual.
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38. Tip #2: Remember your
identity is important
● Sometimes kids make themselves vulnerable to identity
theft by disclosing personal information online
because they believe they have nothing to lose.
● A child’s identity can have as much value as an adult’s
identity, if not more. Scammers can trick kids into
disclosing their Aadhar number and other details that
can be used to commit identity theft.
● Remind children not to reveal too much information
about themselves.
● Their date of birth, address, and Aadhar are all
examples of personal information, and they shouldn’t
share them freely.
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39. Tip #3: Beware of strangers
● Offline, you’ve probably already introduced the idea
to your kids that all strangers can be potentially
dangerous.
● Remind them this also applies to their online
activities and strangers are on the internet.
● While teens may be more prone to advances from
online predators, kids can be targeted, as well.
● It’s important to teach them at a young age to be
cautious online and tell an adult if someone they
don’t know communicates with them or makes them
uncomfortable.
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40. Tip #4: Watch
out for phishing
● You may be sophisticated enough to know not to click on a
URL that’s supposedly from your bank or a friend, but does
everyone in your household know that?
● Teach your kids about phishing scams and warn them not
to click on URLs in an email or social network message.
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41. Tip #5: Choose strong
passwords
● Passwords are the primary defense against hackers.
● Many people reuse the same password for multiple
accounts and use passwords that are easy to guess,
because they’re also easy to remember.
● Teach your kids to create a hack-proof password by
selecting a combination of uppercase and lowercase
letters, numbers, and symbols, and make sure it's at
least 12 characters long.
● Never use common words, phrases, or personal
information like a phone number or family members’
names.
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44. Internet safety
tips for teens
Some teens are often more tech savvy than their parents, but
that doesn’t mean they have a strong sense of judgment or have
access to all of the tools that can help protect them online.
Help keep your tweens and teens cyber safe by introducing them
to the internet safety tips.
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45. Tip #6: Use a
password
management
system
● Bolster your password protection with a password
management programme, which can remember unique
passwords for all your accounts.
● Best of all, with a password manager, we only need to
remember one password.
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46. Tip #7: Keep your social
media accounts secure
● There’s a good chance someone in your house is on
a social network. But social media can also attract
cyber snoops and identity thieves.
● Keep a close eye on your social accounts. If
someone messages you who hasn’t done so in a
while, be suspicious. Your friend’s account may
have been hacked.
● Parents should remind teens to also never meet in
person with someone they met online and tell an
adult if a stranger is messaging them.
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47. Tip #8: Be careful what
you post
● It’s important for children, teens, and family
members to know how much information is too much
information.
● In their excitement to share milestones, teens may
sometimes post their personal information online.
● For example, a driver’s license or a travel itinerary
shared online could be valuable information for
identity thieves or burglars.
● Also personal or inappropriate photos can attract
online predators, or could affect future educational
or employment opportunities.
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48. Tip #9: Shop online only
from secure sites
● Whether teens are allowed to shop online is up to their
parents. Whether teens will listen is another story.
● Teach yours how to shop safely online by acquainting
them with some indicators of a secure website.
● One of the best indicators is whether a site is running on
HTTPS, which means the site has a security certificate
that safeguards visitors’ personal information by
encrypting their data.
● You can verify if a site runs on HTTPS by double-
checking the beginning of a URL in the address bar and
also confirming if there’s a padlock next to it.
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50. Tip #10: Keep privacy
settings on
● Web browsers, mobile operations systems, and
social media channels all have settings in place to
protect your privacy, and it’s up to you to adjust
them.
● Keeping them turned off means your information
might be shared with marketers to help your
browsing experience, but it also could be intercepted
by hackers.
● Play it safe and keep your privacy settings on.
Parents should adjust kids’ devices accordingly and
teach teens how to keep the settings on themselves.
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52. Internet safety
tips for parents
● There are some computer safety tools and best practices
that your kids simply don’t need to worry about.
● Parents, reference these housekeeping tips to ensure your
home is cyber safe.
53. Tip #11: Understand
privacy policies ...
● … and know that privacy policies may not be private.
● With more websites and applications collecting information
and using it for advertising and marketing purposes, make
sure your family knows the value of online privacy.
● Many apps have privacy policies that disclose that the apps
collect and share their users’ information.
● Kids and many adults often accept these policies without
reading them.
● Even if your settings are set to private, remember nothing is
private.
● Even the so-called private browser is not private.
● Law enforcement, website administrators, and hackers could
have access to your so-called private information.
54. Tip #12: Backup
data regularly
● A type of malware, ransomware is popular among
cybercriminals who can lock your computer so you can’t
access your valuable files, like your private photos or tax
information.
● One of the best ways to combat the threat of ransomware
is to backup your data regularly.
● Backup your kids’ devices, too, and teach your teens to do
the same.
55. Tip #13: Keep your internet
connection secure
● Almost every member of the family might access your
internet connection, and each person may have devices
also vying for your Wi-Fi's attention.
● It should come as no surprise that hackers also want to
use your home Wi-Fi network.
● Cybercriminals can hack home routers and gain access
to various internet-connected devices like home security
systems and smart doorbells.
● Make sure your home Wi-Fi system has a hard-to-crack
password and consider cybersecurity software that
identifies “intruders” on your network.
● Finally, a VPN is one of the best ways to ensure your
internet connection is secure.
57. Tip #14: Monitor online
activities
● Monitoring your kids offline is enough stress.
● Thankfully, there’s some cybersecurity tools to help
you monitor their online activities.
● Install a cybersecurity software with parental
controls on your kids' devices to block certain
features on games, track kids' location, backup their
data, and manage their screen time.
58. Tip #15: Install a
comprehensive
cybersecurity suite
● To help every family member from clicking on the
wrong links and visiting the wrong sites, install a
comprehensive cyber safety solution that provides
protection for all your family members and their
devices.
● Your smartphone and tablet need as much
protection as your computer and laptops.
● So do your thermostat, smart doorbell, home
security system, and other internet-connected
devices.
59. Tip #16: When in doubt,
call support
● The best security software programmes offer 24x7
support.
● If you have any suspicion you’ve been hacked, call
for help.
● If you think your device is under malware, spyware,
or ransomware attack, call for help.
● A good security suite will have experts to help you
resolve your problem.
61. Internet safety tips for
the whole family
● It takes a whole family to make a home more cyber
safe.
● The internet safety tips apply to everyone under
roof.
62. Tip #17: Be careful what
you download
● There are more than 1.8 billion websites worldwide, and it's
no secret that some of them have malicious intent.
● A malicious website is a site that attempts to install malware
on your device, meaning anything that will disrupt computer
operation, gather your personal information, or allow
unauthorized access to your machine.
● This usually requires some action on your part, but there are
also drive-by downloads, whereby a website will attempt to
install software on your computer without asking for
permission first.
● Downloading and running security software can help defend
against these threats, but it's also worth knowing how to
diagnose if your computer has malware so you can remove
malware.
63. Tip #18: Go private on
public Wi-Fi
● There are a lot of risks of connecting to public Wi-Fi
networks.
● In addition to keeping your kids and teens attuned to
them, it’s important for parents to remind themselves
that hackers and cybercriminals consider public Wi-
Fi, such as in malls and coffee shops, an easy
access point to getting hold of your data.
● For this reason, always use a VPN when connecting
to public Wi-Fi.
● Don’t have a VPN? Consider if you can hold off on
internet browsing until you are home.
64. Tip #19: Close unused
accounts
● Unused accounts can be a rich source of personal
information for cybercriminals. Sometimes kids
create an account with their first and last name or
their birthday in the username.
● Cybercriminals can patch these data points together
and steal information from other sites that the
individual uses.
● If you think you won’t be revisiting the site, it’s best
to close the account.
65. Tip #20: Spend time
online together
● A good way to keep your home more cyber safe?
● Hold all of the family members accountable for their
internet safety practices and support one another
when someone faces a precarious online situation.
● As parents, that means monitoring your kids’
behaviors but also showing an interest in the sites
they’re visiting and games they’re playing so that
you can educate them on whether they’re safe.
● Keep things transparent by keeping desktop
computers in a common area and discouraging kids
from playing with tablets just in their rooms.
● Bonus tip: Spend time online together by having an
online family game night.
