Sattalite and Remote sensing

1. FUTURE US LAND IMAGING
Jeffrey Masek, NASA GSFC
NASA Agency Update – CEOS LSI-VC-2
July 20-22, 2016
Dave Jarrett, NASA HQ
Jeff Masek, NASA GSFC

2. Landsat 9
PACE
NI-SAR
SWOT
TEMPO
JPSS-2 (NOAA)
RBI, OMPS-Limb
GRACE-FO (2)
ICESat-2
CYGNSS
ISS
SORCE,
TCTE (NOAA)
NISTAR, EPIC
(NOAA’S DSCOVR)
QuikSCAT
EO-1
Landsat 7
(USGS)
Terra
Aqua
CloudSat
CALIPSO
Aura
SMAP
Suomi NPP
(NOAA)
Landsat 8
(USGS)
GPM
OCO-2
GRACE (2)
OSTM/Jason 2
(NOAA)
Formulation
Implementation
Primary Ops
Extended Ops
Earth Science Instruments on ISS:
RapidScat, CATS,
LIS, SAGE III (on ISS), TSIS-1, OCO-3,
ECOSTRESS,
GEDI, CLARREO-PF
Moderate Resolution Land Imaging
Sentinel-6A/B
NASA Earth Science Missions

3. Mission Objectives
• Provide continuity in the multi-decadal Landsat land
surface observations to study, predict, and understand
the consequences of land surface dynamics
• Land cover/use change
• Ecosystem dynamics
• Landscape scale carbon stocks
• Resource management/societal needs
• Core Component of Sustainable Land Imaging Program
Increase in pivot irrigation in Saudi Arabia from 1987 to 2012 as
recorded by Landsat. The increase in irrigated land correlates with
declining groundwater levels measured from GRACE (courtesy M.
Rodell, GSFC)
Instruments
• Operational Land Imager 2 (Ball Aerospace)
• Reflective-band push-broom imager (15-30m res)
• 9 spectral bands at 15 - 30m
• Retrieves data on surface properties, land cover, and vegetation condition
• Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (NASA GSFC)
• Thermal infrared (TIR) push-broom imager
• 2 TIR bands @ 120m resolution
• Retrieves surface temperature, supporting agricultural and climate
applications, including monitoring evapotranspiration
Spacecraft & Observatory I&T
• Competitively Procured: TBD
Launch Services
• Competitively Procured: TBD
Mission Parameters
• Single Satellite, Mission Category 1, Risk Class B
• 5-year design life after on-orbit checkout
• At least 10 years of consumables
• Sun-synchronous orbit, 705 km at equator, 98°inclination
• 16-day global land revisit
• Partnership: NASA & United States Geological Survey (USGS)
• NASA: Flight segment & checkout
• USGS: Ground system and operations
• Launch: FY2021 (Targeting December 15, 2020), Category 3 Vehicle
Mission Team
• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)
• USGS Earth Resources Observation & Science (EROS) Center
• NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC)
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4. • Landsat 9 will rebuild Landsat 8, but with upgraded TIRS
– Capitalizes on design heritage and minimizes time to next mission
– TIRS-2 upgraded to Class B
• Stray light issue in TIRS Band 11 corrected
• TIRS scene select mirror encoder electronics fixed
• Additional redundancy to provide 5-year instrument design life
• Partnership between NASA and USGS with same roles as Landsat 8
• Launch targeted for December 2020
• Current status:
– System Requirements Review (SRR)/Mission Definition Review (MDR) successfully
completed in June 2016;
– Key Decision Point B (KDP-B) in August 2016
– OLI-2 under contract to Ball Aerospace
– TIRS-2 underway as in-house GSFC build
– Spacecraft procurement ongoing
4

5. • Sustainable Land Imaging (SLI)
A multi-component program, with the essential investments in technology and
observational innovation to ensure a world class, sustainable, and responsible
land imaging program through 2035
• USGS assessing user needs for SLI
– Requirements Capabilities & Analysis for Earth Observations (RCA-EO)
– Additional input from Landsat Science Team and User Workshops
• NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) managing technology
development for SLI
– Reduce the risk, cost, size, volume, mass, and development time for the next generation
SLI instruments, while still meeting or exceeding the current land imaging program
capabilities.
– NASA ROSES proposal selections pending
• RESTORE-L
– The FY 2016 Appropriations provides funding for satellite servicing to continue the
pathfinder mission [RESTORE–L] to refuel Landsat 7 or another U.S. Government-owned
satellite in low-Earth orbit, potentially extending Landsat 7 life.

6. • Recommended by the NRC’s 2007 Earth Science
Decadal Survey, Earth Science and Applications
from Space, as a combined mission for Solid Earth,
Ecosystem Structure and Cryospheric sciences.
• The objective of the NISAR mission is to understand:
 The response of ice sheets to climate change and the
interaction of sea ice and climate
 The dynamics of carbon storage and uptake in wooded,
agricultural, wetland, and permafrost systems
 The likelihood of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and
landslides
• Supports NASA’s 2014 Strategic Plan to “advance
knowledge of Earth as a system to meet the
challenges of environmental change, and to improve
life on our planet”.
2007 Decadal Survey

7. • NISAR is a dual frequency (L+S band)
Synthetic Aperture Radar Mission to be
launched in late 2020/ 2021 consistent with
the budget profile supported by NASA/ESD.
• NISAR is a Category 2 project (NPR
7120.5E) & payload risk class C (NPR
8705.4)
• Orbit: 747km altitude circular, 98o
inclination, sun-synchronous, dawn-dusk (6
AM – 6 PM); 12-day repeat cycle.
• Primary mission operation is planned for 3
years with consumable up to 5 years.
• NISAR is in Phase B now.
• NISAR successfully completed PDR June
21-23, 2016.

8. • NISAR is a Directed mission for implementation by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
in partnership with Indian Space research Organisation (ISRO).
• NISAR is managed through the Earth Systematic Missions Program Office.
• Work-share between NASA and ISRO has been finalized in coordination with the
technical organizations from both agencies during Phase A. Details to be
codified in the Cooperative Project Plan (CPP) during Phase B.
– The Implementing Arrangement (IA) between NASA and ISRO was finalized and coordinated on a fast track through the
US Department of State and the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) in India, and was signed on Sept 30, 2014.
• All data will be made available freely and openly, consistent with the long-
standing NASA Earth Science open data policy.