Combination fungicides in india and their uses

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Combination / Pre - mix Fungicides
Registered in India and their Uses against
Plant Pathogen
Subhomay Sinha, WBAS (Administration)
M.Sc (IARI), PhD (IARI)

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Combination / Pre - mix Fungicides
“Combination products”, are the products that contain two or more active ingredients in a
single formulation. Different compatible active ingredients of diverse mode of action are
combined together and used against target fungus.
There are some real advantages for using combination products. In combination
products, due to presence of more than one active ingredient, more than one “target” inside
pathogen cells are disrupted, thereby increasing the potency of the fungicide. Besides more
no. of plant diseases can be tackled by using a same formulation. Furthermore, chance of
resistance development by fungi is less in combination product. Some examples of
combination fungicide formulation that are registered in India are illustrated herewith.
1. Azoxytrobin 11% + Tebuconazole-18.3% SC formulation.
Azoxystrobin inhibit mitochondrial respiration and Tebuconazole inhibits sterol production
at different sites of fungi, which effects cell membrane structure and function.
Both are Systemic with acropetal movement and translaminar action, having broad
spectrum fungicide action with preventive control. Formulation has a dual mode of action,
hence it works at multiple stages of fungal development. It is available in SC formulation.
This formulation impacts positively on the physiological activity of the crop by improving the
yield & quality of the produce thus fetching better price.
Some examples of Azoxytrobin 11% + Tebuconazole-18.3% SC formulation

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Name of plant diseases that can be controlled by Azoxytrobin 11% +
Tebuconazole-18.3% SC formulation.
Name of the plant disease Symptoms
Fruit rot of Chilli
Die back of chilli
Effective against Fruit rot, Powdery mildew and
Die back of Chilli and Sheath Blight of Rice

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Sheath blight of rice
2. Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w + Difenoconazole 11.4% w/w SC
This is a combination of two fungicides with different mode of action. It has a DMI fungicide -
a new ingredient called difenoconazole, combined with the broad spectrum fungicide
azoxystrobin, that work together towards effective disease control wit reducing the risk of
harmful side effects.
Azoxystrobin provides health benefits of plant such as enhanced root development, leaf
color and retention, improved shade tolerance, and reduced water loss. Briskway Fungicide
is capable for use on creeping bentgrass, Poa annua, bermudagrass, and Kentucky
bluegrass. Other benefits include low use rates, rapid uptake into leaf tissue and great rain
fastness.

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Name of plant diseases that can be controlled by Azoxystrobin 18.2% w/w +
Difenoconazole 11.4% SC formulation
Name of the plant disease Symptom
Anthracnose of chilli
Powdery mildew of chilli
Sheath blight of paddy
3. Boscalid 25.2% + Pyraclostrobin 12.8% WG
Boscalid is a systemic fungicide: it is absorbed through the leaves and inhibits the activity of
the enzyme succinate-ubiquinone reductase, in fungal cell , and thus disturbs the energy
production in the fungi. They are no longer able to convert the nutrients into energy and die
off.

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Pyraclostrobin is a fast-acting, broad-spectrum fungicide with a high-level of activity on major
diseases. .Pyraclostrobin provide excellent disease control and stress tolerance in plants, it
promotes growth efficiency through better use of nitrogen fertilizer. This means it offers
healthier plants and higher yield potential.
Boscalid Pyraclostrobin
This is a new generation innovative fungicide mixture for the simultaneous management of
Powdery Mildew and Downy Mildew of Grapes. This combination formulation kills the fungus
by inhibiting the cellular respiration in the mitochondria of the cell. The active ingredients
disrupt the electron transport chain in the fungal cell, thus killing the fungus.
This fungicide contains two different active ingredients with different modes of action on
most major diseases and is effective against pathogens resistant to other fungicides. It
inhibits spore germination, mycelial growth and sporulation of the fungus on the leaf surface.
Optimum disease control is achieved when this fungicide is applied on a regular schedule is
used in a rotation with other fungicides of a different mode of action.
The technicals has got an excellent distribution profile on the plant surface, with having both
translaminar and locally systemic properties. It quickly gets adhered to the leaf surface, thus
starts protection of the crop immediately after application
Commercial formulation of Boscalid 25.2% +
Pyraclostrobin 12.8% WG

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List of plant diseases that can be controlled by Boscalid 25.2% +
Pyraclostrobin 12.8% WG formulation
Powdery Mildew of Grape
Downy mildew of Grapes
4. Ametoctradin 27 % + Dimethomorph 20.27% w/w SC
Ametoctradin represents a new class of chemistry (triazolopyrimidine) and is a strong
inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration in Oomycetes fungi. Ametoctradin is a post emergence
fungicide used to control major plant pathogens belonging to class Oomycete, specifically
causing downy mildews and Phytophthora species on brassica, bulb vegetables, cucurbit,
grapes, hops, lettuce (head and leaf), and potato.
Dimethomorph is a fungicide with high activity against Peronosporomycetes plant
pathogens. Dimethomorph is effective on controlling the oomycete fungal pathogen causing
Downy mildew on cucumber and Late blight of potato.
Ametoctradin has a unique mode of action that disrupts energy production within the
mitochondria of fungal cells. it rapidly and tightly binds to the plants’ waxy cuticle, giving
rapidly rainfast protection. Dimethomorph (Group 40) controls disease by rupturing fungal
cell walls. Two different modes of action of this formulation combine to form a powerful
fungicide with systemic, translaminar, preventative and anti-sporulant control of Downy
mildew and Late blight in key horticultural crops. So, it gives preventative and anti-sporulant
control combined with contact, translaminar and systemic activity,

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List of plant diseases that can be controlled by Ametoctradin + Dimethomorph
20.27% SC formulation.
Name of the Plant
Disease
Symptom
Downy mildew of
cucurbits
Commercial formulation of Ametoctradin +
Dimethomorph 20.27% w/w SC

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Late blight of potato
Downy mildew of grapes
5. Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP
It is a unique combination of contact & systemic mode of action. It is a combination
fungicide based on Hexaconazole 5% and Captan 70% as active ingredients in WP
formulation. It has good protective, curative, eradicant and anti sporulant mode of action. It
is a broad spectrum fungicide highly useful for management of Powdery mildew,
anthracnose, late blight, early blight, downy mildew & grey mildew diseases on fruits &
vegetables and various other crops. This fungicide is well suited for soil and seed borne
disease too.
Commercial formulation of Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP

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Name of plant diseases that can be controlled by Captan 70% + Hexaconazole
5% WP formulation
Fruit rot of Chilli

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Early blight of Potato
Late blight of Potato
6. Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP
This formulation is a scientific combination of Mancozeb which is a contact fungicide
of dithicarbamate group and Carbendazim, a systemic fungicide of Benzimidazole
carbamate group.
it effectively controls the fungal diseases by its systemic and contact action. Also
helps in increasing the production of field crops and vegetables; Provides
Manganese and Zinc nutrition to crops, there by keeps plant greener and healthy. It
is a suitable fungicide for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as it is compatible with
commonly used insecticides and fungicides.
Formulation can be used as seed treatment, nursery / soil drenching, fruit/ rhizome/
tuber dip and foliar sprays.

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Name of plant diseases that can be controlled by Carbendazim 12% +
Mancozeb 63% WP formulation
Blast of ground nut
Leaf spot of ground nut
Early blight of potato

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Black scurf of potato
Grey blight of tea
Powdery mildew of mango

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Anthracnose of mango
7. Carbendazim 25%+ Mancozeb 50% WS formulation
This formulation is a fungicide mixture belonging to Ethelene bis-dithiocarbamate and
benzimidazole for the control of seed and early soil borne diseases of crops caused by
Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Imperfect fungi and Oomycetes group of fungi.
It is a combination of contact and systemic fungicides, having both curative and
preventive activity. Mancozeb is a contact and
preventive fungicide with multisite mode of action. It
remains on the seed surface in treated seeds. It is
fungitoxic when exposed to air, converted into
isothiocynate, which inactivates the sulphahydral group
of enzymes in fungi, causing disturbance in fungal
enzyme and eventual death of fungus. The other
mixture Carbendazim is systemic in action acts as
preventive and curative. It acts by disrupting the
spindle formation during cell division in fungi.
It is used as seed treatment agent as well as potato cut
tuber dipping treatment. Prepare formulation solution
@ 300gm in 100 lt water. Dip seed tubers for 20 – 25
minutes. Maximum 1 qt. of seed can be dipped at once.
It gives excellent control against Late blight of potato.
Paddy, groundnut and wheat seed treatment can be
done with this formulation (wet seed treatment)
Comemrcial formulation of Carbendazim 25%+ Mancozeb 50% WS
Target diseases are same as of Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP formulation

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8. Carbendazim 25 %+ Flusilazole 12.5% SE formulation
A broad spectrum systemic combination fungicide, provides
excellent protection against diseases of paddy and chilli.
List of plant diseases that can be cured by Carbendazim 25 %+ Flusilazole 12.5% SE
formulation
Name of the plant disease symptoms
Early leaf spot of ground nut
Late leaf spot of ground nut
Commercial formulation of Carbendazim 25 %+
Flusilazole 12.5% SE formulation

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9. Carboxin 17.5% + Thiram 17.5% FF formulation
It is a dual action (Systemic & Contact), liquid seed treatment fungicide in the country. It is a
broad spectrum systemic (Carboxin) and contact (Thiram) fungicide for the control of both
seed and soil borne diseases in a flowable formulation. It spreads rapidly and due to its
adhesive quality gives uniform long lasting coating to the seed. It does not separate from the
treated seed while handling and at the time of sowing.
This combination fungicide encourages early germination and uniform growth of seedlings
and results in more and deeper roots. It stimulates germination even under adverse
conditions (low and heavy rains, shallow and deep sowing, etc.). Treated seeds can be
stored for a longer period.
This dual fungicide formulation is Suitable crops for seed treatment – Wheat / Barley, Gram,
Soybean and Pea. Dry seed treatment method is followed with this formulation.

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List of plant disease that can be cured by applying Carboxin 17.5% + Thiram 17.5% FF
formulation (by seed treatment)
Loose smut of wheat
10. Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% DS formulation
It is a broad spectrum dual action (systemic and contact)
fungicide for the control of seed and soil borne diseases,
and also as plant growth stimulant. It is a specialized
seed treatment fungicide for effective control and
prevention of diseases present externally and within the
seeds, with increased level of disease control.
List of plant disease that can be cured by applying Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% DS
formulation
Name of the plant
disease
symptoms
Loose smut of wheat

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Charcoal rot of soybean
Bacterial blight of cotton
Collar rot of ground nut
Root rot of pigeon pea

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Fusarium wilt of pigeon
pea
Black scurf of potato
11. Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP formulation
A specialty fungicide mixture, best for controlling resistant fungal population. This formulation
is effective against diseases caused by Phytophthora and other downy mildew fungi. It is
best for controlling Downy mildew of Grapes, Late blight of Potato and Late blight of Tomato.
It is mixture of two fungicides- Mancozeb and Cymoxanil. Mancozeb acts by its contact
action. Mancozeb is fungitoxic when exposed to air. It is converted to an isothiocyanate,
which inactivates the Sulphahydral (SH) groups in enzymes of fungi, thus causing
disturbance in fungal enzyme functioning. Other partner Cymoxanil has contact and locally
systemic action, which inhibits sporulation in fungi, i.e. it inhibits spore germination, reduce
spore viability and inhibits spores production, thereby controls spreading of diseases.
It has Good kick-back action – Controls fungi even after 2 days of infection. Specialty
fungicide to control diseases caused by oomycetes fungi. (Downy mildew, late blight, etc.)
has rapid uptake and trans-location in plant body. Due to this reason, it can be applied late
blight infected potato field. It should not be used when the temperatures are above 28 –
30°C.
It's curative action stops the development of the pathogen, on a particular crop, during
incubation. It's locally systemic action supplements the effectiveness of companion
fungicides, especially during periods of intensive disease pressure.

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List of plant diseases that can be cured by applying Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64%
WP formulation
Late blight of tomato
Downy mildew of cucurbits

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Some commercial formulations of Cymoxanil 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP
12. Famoxadone 16.6% + Cymoxanil 22.1% SC formulation
Famoxadone 16.6% + cymoxanil 22.1% SC fungicide is a systemic and contact action
fungicide, respectively. Famoxadone is an oxazolidinedione fungicide used to protect
agricultural products against various fungal diseases on fruiting vegetables, tomatoes,
potatoes, curcurbits, lettuce and grapes. It is used in combination with Cymoxanil.
This fungicide mixture is one of the most preferred fungicides among vegetables and fruits
farmers because of its unmatched efficacy against crop diseases and other attributes
contributing towards production of quality produce. It controls diseases completely and its
anti-sporulent and spore killing activity also checks further disease spread. It gives dual
protection to the crops as it rapidly penetrates into foliage and helps to resist wash-off and
weatherability to ensure healthy and quality produce.

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Name of plant diseases that can be cured by applying Famoxadone 16.6% +
Cymoxanil 22.1% SC formulation
Late Blight of potato
Commercial formulation of Famoxadone 16.6% +
Cymoxanil 22.1% SC

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Downy mildew of Gherkin
Early blight of tomato
Late blight of tomato

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12. Fenamidone 4.44% + Fosetyl AL 66.7% WG formulation
Fungicide combination for the control of downy
mildew on Cucumbrs, Melons, Watermelons,
Tobacco, Lettuce and Grapes.
A fungicide with systemic effect for preventive
and intervention in the protection of
ornamental plants (phytophthora, downy
mildew) and vegetable (mildew, potato blight,
alternariosis) against fungal diseases.
Name of the plant disease
Controlled by Fenamidone
4.44% + Fosetyl AL 66.7% WG
Symptoms
13. Fenamidone 10% + Mancozeb 50% WG formulation
It is a protectant and curative fungicide. This 60 % WG formulation is a combination
fungicide containing Fenamidone and Mancozeb, thereby giving dual contact and systemic
activity against Phycomycetes diseases, late blight of potato and tomato, downy mildew of
grapes and vegetables and against Pythium spp, causing damping off. It also controls
nonphycomycetes leaf spot diseases like Alternaria and Mycosphaerella.
Fenamidone is a foliar fungicide used on grapes, ornamentals, potatoes, tobacco, and
vegetables. Fenamidone inhibits mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transport. Its
good preventative efficacy gives satisfactory control of downy mildew of grapes and late
blight of potatoes and tomatoes. Fenamidone has curative and antisporulant effects as well
as a secondary effect on the first stages of development of the fungal mycelium.

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Fenamidone inhibits mitochondrial respiration,
while Mancozeb acts as non-specific thiol
reactant, inhibiting respiration.
Name of the plant disease controlled
by Fenamidone 10% + Mancozeb 50%
WG formulation
Symptoms
Fenamidone
Commercial formulation of Fenamidone 10% +
Mancozeb 50% WG

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Downy mildew of grape
14. Fluopicolide 4.44% + Fosetyle aluminium 66.67% WG formulation.
It is a new combination fungicide containing Fluopicolide and Fosetyl for controlling Downy
Mildew disease in Grapes. It provides longer duration control with its unique and new mode
of action.
Fluopicolide is a fungicide used in agriculture to control diseases caused by oomycetes
such as late blight of potato. It has some systemic activity as it moves through the xylem
towards the tips of stems, but does not get transported to the roots.[2]
It affects the motility of
zoospores, the germination of cysts, the growth of the mycelium and sporulation
Fosetyle aluminium is a systemic fungicide effective against Oomcytes fungi like downy
mildew diseases of grapes ; damping off and Azhukal diseases of cardamom. Despite its
extensive use since 1978, there is no report of
resistance development in fungus. True systemic
action of this molecule makes it the best
prophylactic solution for downy mildew control in
grape. It is rapidly absorbed through the plant
leaves or roots, with translocation both acropetally
and basipetally.
Commercial formulation of Fluopicolide
4.44% + Fosetyle aluminium 66.67% WG

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Advantages of this formulation
 Long-duration disease control and extremely fast action on downy mildew fungus.
 Direct and indirect effect with stimulation of natural defense system and provides
immunity to plants to fight with diseases
 Provides excellent protection of new leaves and hidden bunches.
 A new mode of action and hence minimum risk of resistance development.
 Outstanding protection during the sensitive flowering stage.
Name of the plant disease
controlled by Fluopicolide
4.44% + Fosetyle aluminium
66.67% WG
Symptoms
15. Fluopyram 17.7% + Tebconazole 17.7% SC
Fluopyram 17.7% w/w + Tebuconazole 17.7% w/w SC is a broad-spectrum fungicide with
preventative, systemic and curative properties, recommended for the control of powdery
mildew and Anthracnose diseases in grape and shall be sprayed as soon as the signs of
disease are noticed. It offers a new way to protect plants against diseases which jeopardize
the quality of the harvest. It has very low residue problem, so produces are fit for export. This
pre – mix fungicide is a combination of Fluopyram and Tubaconazole and offers two different
modes of action.
Fluopyram belongs to a new chemical class
discovered by Bayer. It belongs to a new chemical
class known as Pyridinyl Ethylbenzamides — shows
very high effective at low application rates, both on its
own and in combination Its mode of action is Succinate
Dehydrogenase Inhibitor (SDHI) which means it breaks the respiration chain in the
Mitochondria of the fungus cell by blocking its energy production.
Mode of Action of Tebuconazole is demethylation inhibitor (DMI). It interferes in the process
of building structure of fungal cell wall. Finally it inhibits the reproduction and further growth
of fungus.

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Anthracnose of grapes
Powdery mildew of grapes
Commercial formulation of Fluopyram 17.7% +
Tebconazole 17.7% SC

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16. Hexaconzole 4% + Zineb 68% WP formulation
It is a unique combination of Contact and systemic fungicide. Its contact part is Zineb which
is a broad-spectrum fungicide with protective action. It is fungitoxic when exposed to air and
is converted to an isothiocyanate, which inactivates the sulphahydral (SH) groups in
enzymes of fungi. Other partner in this combination is Hexaconazole which is a highly
systemic triazole fungicide, acting as protective, curative and eradicant with strong
antisporulant and translaminar action.
This is a specific fungicide for the control of all types of sheath blight, blast, brown leaf spot
and grain discoloration diseases of cereals. Gives excellent control of Ascomycetes,
Basidiomycetes and Deutromycetes fungi. Best molecule for Alternaria diseases and soil
borne fungi especially Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Sclerotium etc in many crops. Its sprays
results in dark green coloured healthy leaves & ultimately increase in crop yield, which is
attributed to the presence of Zinc molecule in it. This formulation should be applied
prophylactically or just at the initiation of the disease, as Prevention is always better than
Cure.
Name of the plant disease that can be
controlled by Hexaconzole 4% + Zineb
68% WP formulation
Symptoms
Brown spot disease of rice
Grain discoloration of paddy

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Collar blast of paddy
Grey blight of tea
Commercial formulation of Hexaconzole 4% + Zineb 68% WP

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17. Iprodione 25% + Carbendazim 25% WP formulation
Carbendazim is systemic in nature with curative and protectant activity. It acts through Inhibition of
mitosis and cell division of fungi, while Iprodione inhibits lipid and membrane synthesis.
Name of the plant disease that
can be controlled by Iprodione
25% + Carbendazim 25% WP
Symptoms
Blast of rice
Commercial formulation of Iprodione 25% + Carbendazim 25% WP

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18. Metalaxyl M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WP formulation
This combination controls soil and leaf diseases in a number of crops including vegetables,
grapes, citrus, potatoes, ornamentals, tobacco and cotton. It is a highly effective fungicide
for the control of Oomycete fungi (causing late blight in potato, tomato and Downy mildew in
grapes).
It has systemic and protective properties. Metalaxyl-M is a systemic fungicide which is
rapidly taken up by the green plant part ( within 30 min.) transported upwards in the sap
stream and is distributed thus provides control of fungi from within the plant. Mancozeb
provides a protective film over plant surfaces hence inhibits germination of the spores..
Name of the plant disease cured by
of Metalaxyl M 4% + Mancozeb 64% WP
Symptoms
Downy mildew of mustard
Commercial formulation of Metalaxyl M 4% +
Mancozeb 64% WP

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Phytophthora foot rot of black peepar
19. Metalaxyl M 3.3% + Chlorothalonil 33.1% SC
formulation
It is a combination fungicide with systemic and protectant properties for
use on outdoor crops for control of foliar diseases on Brussels sprouts,
cauliflower and broad bean. It is primarily used against Phytopthora
spp. It provides preventive and curative action. Its dual action gives
more effective & long lasting control against diseases. It improves crop
health & helps in developing crop stand.
Commercial formulation of Metalaxyl M 3.3% +
Chlorothalonil 33.1% SC

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Name of the plant disease Metalaxyl M
3.3% + Chlorothalonil 33.1% SC
Symptoms
Potato late blight
Potato early blight
Tomato late blight
20. Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP
It is a Dual action, broad spectrum fungicide which controls diseases by its preventive as
well as curative action. It is mixture of two fungicides – Mancozeb and Metalaxyl. Mancozeb
acts by its contact action. Mancozeb is fungitoxic when exposed to air. It is converted to
isothiocyanate, which inactivates the sulphahydral (SH) groups of fungal enzyme system.
Metalaxyl inhibits protein synthesis, growth and reproduction in fungi.

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It is a Specialty combination fungicide to control foliar as well as soil borne diseases caused
by oomycetes fungi – Downy mildew, late blight, damping off, Phytophthora rots etc. Can be
used as seed treatment, foliar spray, nursery drench and in pre harvest sprays to manage
post - harvest diseases. Its rapid uptake and translocation towards growing tips helps to
protect the plant from oomycetes diseases for longer period of approximately 14 days.
Benefits:
 Being systemic and contact fungicide it provides double protection (Inside Metalaxyl
& Outside Mancozeb).
 It remains effective for longer time and prevents & Cures the diseases effectively.
Reduces the number of spray.
 Metalaxyl is rapidly absorbed (30 min) and therefore not washed away by rains.
 It effectively controls phytopthora rot and increase the yield due to effective control of
destructive diseases like Late blight, phytopthora rot etc.

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Name of the plant disease that
can be controlled by Metalaxyl
8% + Mancozeb 64% WP
Symptoms
Black Shan of tobacco

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Phytophthora foot rot of black
peeper
White rust of mustard
Downy mildew of pearl millet

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21. Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WG formulation
It is a very effective Combination fungicide with active ingredients Pyraclostrobin & Metiram,
which is used to control Early blight disease in Tomato, Late blight disease in Potato and
Downy mildew disease in Grapes.
Pyraclostrobin- systemic in nature. It blocks the mitochondrial electron transport
and thus inhibits the fungus energy supply and the target fungus dies.
Metiram- contact and protective fungicide with Prophylactic effect. Prevents
germination of spores and interferes with the development of the germ tubes.
The characteristics of this combination fungicide is as follows:
 Pyraclostrobin is an excellent inhibitor of spore germination owing to its protectant
activity.
 It has translaminar activity wherein it penetrates the leaves minutes after application
and diffuses over short distances within the leaf tissues and deposits.
 It even reaches in the areas of epicuticular waxy layer that has not been treated.
 It controls fungi from many clases by blocking the mitochondrial electron transport
and thus inhibiting the fungus energy supply as a result of which the fungus dies.
 Metiram is contact fungicide with preventive action. It prevents germination of spores
and interferes with the development of germ tubes of fungi.
Some commercial formulation of Metiram 55% + Pyraclostrobin 5% WG formulation

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Name of the plant disease that can
be controlled by of Metiram 55% +
Pyraclostrobin 5% WG formulation
Symptoms
Early blight of potato
Purple blotch of onion

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Cercospora spot of green gram
Fruit spot of pome granate.
22. Propiconazole 13.9% + Difenoconazole 13.9% EC formulation
It is a mixture of two triazole fungicides. This formulation is recommended to control of
Sheath blight and dirty panicle disease in paddy. Its ability to fight disease leading to better
disease management and healthy flag leaf hence gives better yield. This combination
product gives healthy & productive tillers, setting maximum yield potential.

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List of plant disease that can be controlled by using Propiconazole 13.9% +
Difenoconazole 13.9% EC formulation
Dirty panicle disease of paddy
23. Tebuconazole 10%WP + Sulphur 65%WG
formulation
It is a broad spectrum premix fungicide that contains tebuconazole,
a Triazole group systemic fungicide that is absorbed and trans-
located, and sulphur, a non-systemic fungicide that works through
contact and vapor action.
It is a fungicide with preventive, curative and eradicative action on
various crop pathogens. Hence control the diseases at all stages.
The product has very quick efficacy and long persistence.
Tebuconazole 10%WP + Sulphur 65%WG
formulation

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List of plant disease that can be controlled by using Tebuconazole 10%WP + Sulphur
65%WG formulation
Leaf spot of soybean
Pod and stem blight of soybean
Powdery mildew of chilli
Fruit rot of Chilli / Capsicum

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24. Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG formulation
This is a combination of two modern systemic broad-spectrum fungicide with protective and
curative action which offers not only a disease control but also improves quality and yield of
crop. Two fungicides has different modes of action - Excellent protective and curative activity
due to Tebuconazole & protective action due to
Trifloxystrobin. In rice, it improves the yield quality by
reducing incidence of dirty panicle in later crop stages.
Tebuconazole is dimethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicide -
interferes in process of building the structure of fungal
cell wall. Finally it inhibits the reproduction and further
growth of fungus.
Trifloxystrobin interferes with respiration in plant
pathogenic fungi. It is a respiration inhibitor of fungi,
acts by blocking the electron transfer at fungal
mitochondrial membrane.
It has a disadvantage that it is very toxic to aquatic
organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment.
List of plant diseases that can be cured by using Tebuconazole 50% +
Trifloxystrobin 25% WG formulation.
Name of the plant
disease
symptoms
Commercial Tebuconazole 50%
+ Trifloxystrobin 25% WG
formulation

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Rice blast
Glume discoloration of
rice
False smut of rice
Wheat blast

47 | P a g e
25. Iprovalicarb 5.5% + Propineb 61.25% w/w WP formulation
Iprovalicarb is a protective, curative and antisporulant fungicide with translaminar and
acropetal mode of action. It gets distributed evenly in plants. It is an inhibitor of phospholipid
biosynthesis and cell wall synthesis. Propineb is a non-specific, multi-site fungicide with
protective action against germinating conidia. It works as a good curative and anti-sporulant
on disease causing pathogens.
The characteristics of this combination fungicide
is as follows:
 it is very effective against Downy mildew in Grapes
and Late blight in Potato. In potato first spray should be
given as soon as late blight symptoms appear on the
leaves and one or two sprays, depending on the disease
intensity.
 This formulation is highly efficient – antisporulant,
protective and eradicative in action.
 Gives good protection of young developing leaves and
shoots; also improves quality and disease free produce at
harvest.
 it has better resistance management, because of
synergistic combination of two active ingredients.

48 | P a g e
26. Pyraclostrobin 133g / L + Epoxiconaxole 50g / L SE formulation
It is a suspo-emulsion fungicide combination, with contact and translaminar properties, for
the preventive control of plant diseases.
The active ingredients in this fungicide combination affect different processes in fungal
development and provide an excellent anti-resistance strategy. Epoxiconazole is a
demethylation inhibitor (DMI), belonging to Triazole group of fungicide, whose mode of
action involves disruption of the biosynthesis of ergosterol, an essential component for
fungal cell membrane. Epoxiconazole provides curative and protectant activity against a
variety of cereal pathogens. The key advantage of epoxiconazole lies with the slow
movement of this active into the leaf tissue which therefore provides longer residual control
when compared with other triazoles.
Pyraclostrobin, belonging to strobilurin group of fungicide, blocks energy production in fungal
cells by interfering with the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This interference inhibits a range
of essential key fungal development processes like spore germination, germ tube growth,
appressorium development and mycelial growth. Although pyraclostrobin has been shown to
provide some curative activity against specific pathogens, it’s generally most effective when
utilised in a protectant, i.e. being applied before disease inoculum is present.
The time of action of these two fungicides could be visualized from the diagram shown below
:
Example of commercial formulation of
Pyraclostrobin 133g / L + Epoxiconaxole 50g / L
SE formulation

49 | P a g e
Name of the plant diseases that can be controlled by applying Pyraclostrobin 133g / L +
Epoxiconaxole 50g / L SE formulation
Name of the plant diseases Symptoms
Cercospora Leaf spot of maize
Rust of wheat

Combination fungicides in india and their uses

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