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HTAV 2022 Cuban Missile Crisis.pptx
- 2. One Minute to Midnight KENNEDY *** KHRUSHCHEV *** CASTRO Cuban Missile Crisis HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – STEPHEN WHITE – OXLEY CHRISTIAN COLLEGE
- 3. THIS SESSION BACKGROUND TO THE CRISIS 01 Cold War 1945-1961 02 KEY KNOWLEDGE CAUSES/CONSEQUENCES 03 LEARNING ACTIVITIES Teaching the Crisis 04 ASSESSMENT IDEAS Build your own SAC HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 5. BACKGROUND TO THE CRISIS The Cold War so far 1945-61 01 HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 13. BERLIN WALL 1961
- 14. KEY KNOWLEDGE CAUSES/CONSEQUENCES 02 HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 16. CAUSES - CUBA • Cuban Revolution 1959 • Castro was an anti-US nationalist • Angered by US economic blockade • Signed pact with USSR in 1960 • Cut diplomatic ties with US in 1961 • Demanded USSR military support HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 17. CAUSES - USSR • Emboldened by ‘weak’ Kennedy • Prestige • Base for spread of socialism • Send messages to China & US • Catch up in the arms race • Operation Anadyr HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 18. OPERATION ANADYR • A plan to balance nuclear power • By 25 Sept 1962 in Cuba: • 40+ nuclear ballistic missiles • 80+ fighter jets & bombers • Tank battalions/anti-aircraft • 40,000+ combat troops & more HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 19. CAUSES - USA • Missiles in Turkey • Policy of containment • Bay of Pigs Invasion/fiasco • Operation Mongoose • Ongoing economic blockade • Military exercises in Puerto Rico HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 20. OPERATION MONGOOSE • Continued economic blockade • Ban on Cuban imports • Ban on US travel to Cuba • Acts of sabotage • War games in Puerto Rico HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 21. US OPTIONS • Do nothing • A blockade/quarantine • Limited bombing of nuclear sites • Expanded bombing of military sites • Full invasion of Cuba • Negotiate an end to the crisis HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 22. THIRTEEN DAYS • Tues 16 Nov – Sun 28 Oct • The world sits on a knife’s edge • ExComm supports air strikes • Military urges air strikes • Quarantine of Cuba authorised • Diplomatic meetings take place HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 23. THIRTEEN DAYS • US placed on DEFCON 2 • US Bombers prepared to attack • Kennedy & Khrushchev communicate • U2 spy plane shot down/pilot killed • Top secret negotiations • Khrushchev accepts US terms HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 24. CONSEQUENCES – MISSILES • Cuban missiles withdrawn by USSR • US promised not to invade Cuba • Castro discouraged from spreading socialism by USSR • US withdrew missiles from Turkey • US concessions were secret HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 25. CONSEQUENCES - LEADERS • Kennedy – increased in popularity but assassinated in 1963 • Khrushchev – ousted in 1964 for a variety of reasons incl. Cuba • Castro – remained president until 2008 HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 26. CONSEQUENCES – COLD WAR • Pentagon/Kremlin hotline • Brinkmanship condemned due to concept of MAD • Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty signed in 1963 • Beginning of period of détente HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 27. LEARNING ACTIVITIES TEACHING THE CRISIS 03 HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 28. CARTOON ANALYSIS • Use a variety of cartoons to test student knowledge of the crisis & to apply analytical skills • ‘Let’s get a lock on this thing’ • ‘Okay Mr President, let’s talk’ • ‘Backdown at Castro Gulch’ • ‘This hurts me more than it hurts you’ HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 30. TIMELINE • Create a digital timeline of the causes, the crisis and the aftermath. Include a relevant image, facts and a quote • Consider using Sutori, a digital canvas well-suited to timeline building • Claire's Cuban Missile Crisis timeline HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 31. ARMAGEDDON LETTERS • Use the resources at The Armageddon Letters • Primary sources – Castro, Kennedy & Khrushchev letters & telegrams • Videos – Be Kennedy, Be Castro, Be Khrushchev – complete the video organiser to understand the key leaders • Links to other materials • Buy the book HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 32. BE KENNEDY HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 34. BE CASTRO HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 36. BE KHRUSHCHEV HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 38. ASSESSMENT IDEAS BUILD YOUR OWN SAC 04 HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 39. BUILD YOUR OWN SAC • Use the sources provided to create a SAC • 25 marks – 3+3+5+5+9 • Lower-order questions - identify/outline/describe • Higher-order questions - explain/analyse/evaluate • Work by yourself or with others to select 3-4 of the sources available to write questions • Click on the PADLET LINK to add your questions to the relevant command word boxes – share your ideas HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
- 40. SAC COMMAND WORDS - EXAMPLES HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS IDENTIFY Name the things the question asks for DESCRIBE Outline main features COMPARE Establish points of similarity EXPLAIN Establish relationship e.g. cause/effect ANALYSE Break into components and explain them EVALUATE Make a judgement about importance
- 41. SOURCES/RESOURCES BOOK ● Blight James G. & Lang janet M. The Armageddon Letters (2015) ● Cashman Luke et al Modern History 2 (2021) p.86-111 ● Malone Richard Analysing Modern History (2021) P.238-263 WEB ● The Armageddon Letters ● Cuban Missile Crisis - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum ● The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: A Political Perspective After 40 Years ● Cuban Missile Crisis explained in 20 minutes ● History of the Cuban Missile Crisis PODCAST ● Everything you ever wanted to know about the CMM (but were afraid to ask) ● Short History of... the Cuban Missile Crisis HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE MINUTE TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS 041
- 42. CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon and infographics & images by Freepik THANKS! swhite@oxley.vic.edu.au VCE Modern History network DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS? HTAV ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2022 – ONE SECOND TO MIDNIGHT – CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS