1) The document discusses key terms related to the diagnosis of disease according to Ayurveda. It defines terms like nidana (etiology), purvarupa (premonitory symptoms), rupa (symptoms), upashaya (exploratory therapy), and samprapti (pathogenesis). 2) It explains that nidana is the causal factor of a disease. Due to nidana, the manifestation of a disease occurs. Nidana then progresses further through specific samprapti, leading to purvarupa and rupa. The disease is fully formed upon the expression of symptoms. 3) It provides synonyms and definitions for each term based on classical Ayurvedic texts like

1. 1
ABBREVIATION / xÉÇͤÉmiÉ
 A.WØû.ÌlÉ :- A¹É…¡û WØûSrÉ ÌlÉSÉlÉxjÉÉlÉ
 A.WØû.xÉÔ :- A¹É…¡ûû WØûSrÉ xÉÔ§ÉxjÉÉlÉ
 aÉÇaÉÉ :- aÉÇaÉÉkÉU
 cÉ¢ü :- cÉ¢ümÉÉÍhÉ
 cÉ.xÉÇ.ÌlÉ :- cÉUMü xÉÇÌWûiÉÉ ÌlÉSÉlÉxjÉÉlÉ
 cÉ.xÉÇ.xÉÔ :- cÉUM üxÉÇÌWûiÉÉ xÉÔ§ÉxjÉÉlÉ
 cÉ.xÉÇ.ÌuÉ :- cÉUM üxÉÇÌWûiÉÉ ÌuÉqÉÉlÉxjÉÉlÉ
 qÉÉ.ÌlÉ :- qÉÉkÉuÉ ÌlÉSÉlÉ
 zÉ.Mü.SìÓ :- zÉoS MüsmÉ SìÓqÉ

2. 2
INTRODUCTION / ÌuÉwÉrÉ mÉëuÉåzÉ
“आयुर्वेद” the science of life, considered to be one of the उपर्वेद, has been serving
the man kind since time immemorial and still survives just because of its sheer
therapeutic value. There has been many literatures related to आयुर्वेद, prominent
among them are बृहत्रयय and लघुत्रयय. चरकसंहहता is one among the बृहत्रयय.
चरकसंहहता represent the preaching of Lord पुनर्ववसु आत्रेय to his disciples.
Documented by his disciples अग्ननर्वेश. This was later redacted by आचायव चरक
and SØRûoÉsÉ and came to be called चरकसंहहता.
There is a cause behind every effect. Similarly there is a cause behind every
disease. It is called यनदान. Why, where and how the रोग are explained by using
यनदानपञ्चक which paves the way for prefect diagnosis and proper treatment.
“तस्योपलग्धियनवदानपूर्ववरूपÍsÉ…¡ûÉååपशयसंप्राग्तततः।।”
(च.सं.यन1/6)1
व्याधि can be diagnosed by study of
 यनदान (Etiology)
 पूर्ववरूप (Premonitory symptoms)
 लल…¡û (symptoms)
 उपशय (Exploratory therapy)
 संप्राग्तत (Pathogenesis)
यनदान is the cause of a disease. Due to यनदान. व्याधि उत्पत्ति occur. यनदान
proceeds further producing particular संप्राग्तत leading to पूर्ववरूप and रूप. व्याधि
is completely formed with expression of symptoms. There it is from यनदान
where other elements of यनदानपञ्चक are progressed.

3. 3
DERIVATION/निरुक्ति
 यनदान:- “यनदानंत्र्वाहदकारणम ्।।”
(zÉ.Mü.SìÓ)2
 पूर्ववरूप:- “पूर्ववरूपलमयत पूर्ववलक्षणं।।”
(zÉ.Mü.SìÓ)3
 रूप:- “व्यािेः स्र्वरूपम ् यत् व्य£Çüतद्रूपं इयत।।”
(zÉ.Mü.SìÓ)4
 उपशय:- “यनदानपञ्चकान्तगवतरोगज्ञानजनकः।।”
(zÉ.Mü.SìÓ)5
 संप्राग्तत:- “ संप्राग्ततः इयत सम्यकप्रापणम ्।।”
(zÉ.Mü.SìÓ)6

4. 4
DEFINITION/परिभाषा
1. यनदान:-
“तत्र यनदानं कारणलमत्युक्तं।।”
(च.सं.यन 1/7)7
यनदान is defined to be causative factors of व्याधि.
2. पूर्ववरूप:-
“पूर्ववरूपं प्रागुत्पत्ति लक्षणं व्यािेः।।”
(च.सं.यन 1/8)8
Symptoms which manifest themselves before the appearance of the disease are
known as पूर्ववरूप.
“व्यािेरुत्पिेः पूर्वव यल्लक्षणं तत् पूर्ववरूपं व्यािेः।।”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन 1/8)9
Manifestation of symptoms before the actual manifestation of disease is called
पूर्ववरूप.
“एतेन उत्प¨ÉåÈपूर्ववयद्भत्तर्वष्यद्व्यािे लक्षणं।।”
(चक्र on च.सं.यन 1/8)
Indication of forthcoming disease is called पूर्ववरूप.
3. रूप:-
“प्रादुभूवत लक्षणंपुनललव…¡ûम ्।।”
(च.सं.यन 1/9)10
Complete manifestation of symptoms is called लल…¡û.

5. 5
“व्यािेः स्र्वरूपं यल्लक्षणं तथात्तपलल…¡û॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन1/9)11
Fully manifested stage of disease with prominent clinical features is called रूप.
“अनेनचव्याधिप्रयतयनयतं लल…¡û॥”
(चक्र on च.सं.यन 1/9)
Main features of the disease are completely observed.
4. उपशय:-
“उपशयः पुनहेतुव्याधित्तर्वपरीतानांत्तर्वपरीताथवकाररणां
चौषिाहार त्तर्वहारणामुपयोगः सुखानुबन्िः॥”
(च.सं.यन 1/10)12
उपशय means which gives pleasure to the person by the use of औषि(medicine),
आहार(food) and त्तर्वहार (Physical activity). Their action may directly against the
cause or the disease itself or to the both.
“सुखानुबन्िइयतसुखरूपोऽनुबन्िः।
अनुबन्िश्च सुखकरणालमत्यथवः॥”
(चक्र on च.सं.यन 1/10)13
उपशय means which brings about feeling of happiness. Factors which creates
environment for happiness are called उपशय. It is helpful in detecting the cases
where difficulty arised due to similarities in symptomatology in such
circumstances उपशय helps to diagnose the case accurately.

6. 6
5. संप्राग्तत:-
“अत्रैक
ै व्याधिजन्ममात्रमlirÉकारणव्यापारजन्यंसंप्राग्ततमाहुः।।”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन 1/11)14
Factors which finally determines the manifestation of a disease is called
संप्राग्तत.
“तस्माद्व्याधिजनक दोषव्यापार त्तर्वशेषयु£üÇव्याधिजन्मेह संप्राग्ततः॥”
(चक्र on च.सं.यन 1/11)15
Disease manifest due to specific action of the दोष and understanding of such
event is called संप्राग्तत.

7. 7
SYNONYMS/ पर्ाार्
1) यनदान:-
“इह खलु हेतु यनवलमिायतनं कतावकरणंप्रत्ययःसमुत्थान यनदानलमत्यनथावन्तरम ्॥
(च.सं.यन.1/3)16
The पयावय’s of यनदान are
 “तत्र प्रयोजकस्य हेतुसंज्ञत्र्वेन प्रयोजककन्तावरर चाथे हेतु शधदः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)17
It performs multidimensional action in the initiation of दोष.
 “शक
ु नादौ च यनलमि शधदः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Certain signs manifest in the body act as causative factor for disease.
 “आयतन शधदःस्थाने॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Place of origin of disease.
 “क्रक्रयायनलमिेषु स्र्वतन्त्रे कतुव शधदः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Main culprit to bring in equilibrium state of दोष दूष्य for व्याधि.
 “क्रक्रयाहेतुव्यापारे कारण शधदः”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Disease producing agent.

8. 8
 “सग्ततडाहदषु प्रयत्न शधदः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Faith in certain objects.
 “उªÉमाहदषु उत्थानस्थान शधदः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/3)
Fundamental factor for initiation of disease process.
2) रूप:-
“तत्र लल…¡ûमाकृ यतलवक्षण धच»ÇûÇû संस्थान व्यञ्जन रूपलमत्यथावन्तरम ्॥”
(च.सं. यन 1/9)18
The पयावय’s of रूप are लल…¡û, आकृ यत, लक्षणं,धच», संस्थान, व्यञ्जन,रूप
 “लल…¡ûयते प्रादुभूवतो भार्वः स्र्वरूपतो ज्ञायते अनेनेयत लल…¡ûम ्॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)19
Any morbid phenomenon experienced by the patient which is in the form of
symptoms indicative of disease is called लल…¡û.
 एर्वम ् आक्रक्रयते ज्ञायते अनेनेत्याकृ यतः॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
Any manifestation of symptoms consciously experienced by the patient is called
आकृ यत.
 “लक्ष्यते ज्ञायतेऽनेनेयत लक्षणं॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
Subjective evidence of disease/ patient condition experienced by the patient in
the form of symptoms which designate towards disease is called लक्षणं.

9. 9
 “धच»ûते ज्ञायतेऽनेनेयत धच»Çû॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
Which is an indication of the existence of something and it is perceptible to the
examining physician.
 “संस्थीयते ज्ञायतेऽनेनेयत संस्थान॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
An objective finding detected by the physician which indicates disease is called
संस्थान.
 “व्यज्यते ज्ञायतेऽनेनेयत व्यञ्जन॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
Manifestation of symptoms that is almost universally associated with particular
disease.
 “रूतयते ज्ञायतेऽनेनेयत रूपम ्॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/9)
Appearance of noticeable change in the patient's body condition/ mental state.
3) संप्राग्तत:-
“संप्राग्ततजावयतरागयतररत्यनथावन्तरंव्यािेः॥”
(च.सं. यन 1/11)20
The पयावय’s of संप्राग्तत are,
जायत and आगयत
According to चक्रपाणण
जायत, आगयत, यनर्वृÌ¨É and यनष्प̨É.

10. 10
REFERENCE IN संहििा
पञ्चयनदान concept is explained by आचायव चरक in यनदानस्थान 1st
chapter that is in ज्र्वरयनदान chapter.

11. 11
निदािस्थाि
परिभाषा
यनदान स्थान---: यनदान+स्थान
यनदान- “ तत्रयनदानं कारणलमत्युक्तमग्रे”
That which cause for the origin of disease.
स्थान- means division
It is the division which explains about the factor of disease.
IMPORTANCE OF निदािस्थाि
 After describing the cause and features of disease briefly in सूत्रस्थान,
etiology and symptomatology of diseases have been explained in
यनदानस्थान.
 It is proposed to describe them in greater detail in the present section for the
treatment of disease is effective only when their etiology and
symptomatology are ascertained in advance.
 यनदान स्थान mainly deals with the diagnosis of disease.
 The etiological and symptomatological studies are intended to guide the line
of treatment.
 In यनदानस्थान 8 chapters are explained.
 In order to break the pathogenesis of disease the knowledge of यनदानस्थान is
very important.

12. 12
TOTAL NUMBER OF श्लोक in निदािस्थाि
CHAPTER NO.
AkrÉÉrÉ TOTAL NO OF श्लोक
1 ज्र्वर यनदान 44
2 रक्तत्तप¨É यनदान 29
3 गुल्म यनदान 18
4 प्रमेह यनदान 55
5 क
ु ष्ठ यनदान 16
6 शोष यनदान 17
7 उन्माद यनदान 24
8 अपस्मार यनदान 44
Total 247

13. 13
IMPORTANCE OF पञ्चनिदाि IN निदािस्थाि
 Treatment is not possible without the ज्ञान of the रोग. Hence पञ्चयनदान
is very important in यनदानस्थान.
 अष्टस्थान, त्रत्रत्तर्विपररक्ष,दशत्तर्वि पररक्ष is also important for diagnosis of
disease but using any one among these does not give complete picture of
रोग and sometimes may give wrong diagnosis. Hence ज्ञान regarding
पञ्चयनदान is very much important here.
 It helps in रोगपरीक्ष.
 पञ्चयनदान gives idea about existence of disease, helps to diagnose the
contributory factor of the disease, in turn indicates the name of the
disease, helps in diagnosis of complicated and untraced disease.

14. 14
निदािपञ्चक
यनदानपञ्चक’s are
1) हेतु
2) पूर्ववरूप
3) रूप
4) उपशय
5) संप्राग्तत
1) िेिु
“तग्त्त्रत्तर्विं-असात्म्येग्न्द्रयाथवसंयोगप्रज्ञापरािःपररणामश्चेयत॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/3)21
The causative factor of यनदान are
 असात्म्येग्न्द्रयाथवसंयोग
 प्रज्ञापरािः
 पररणाम
असात्म्येग्न्द्रयाथवसंयोग:-
Excessive utilization or non utilization or improper utilization of sense objects
is called असात्म्येग्न्द्रयाथवसंयोग.
“सोऽयमनुपशयात् पञ्चत्तर्विग्स्त्रत्तर्वित्तर्वकल्पो भर्वत्यसात्मेग्न्द्रयाथव संयोगः”
(च.सं.सू.11/38)22
The object of sense faculties is of 5 types and further subdivided each into 3 that
is अयतयोग, अयोग, लमथ्ययोग.
So totally 15 varieties of unwholesome conjunction of sense organ observed and
it is the root cause for the manifestation of diseases

15. 15
चक्षुरेग्न्द्रय
श्रर्वणेग्न्द्रय › अयतयोग
घ्राणेग्न्द्रय › अयोग
रसनेग्न्द्रय › लमथ्ययोग
स्पशवनेग्न्द्रय
प्रज्ञापरािः :-
प्रज्ञापराि means wrong utilization of र्वाक्, काय and मन. Some says sinful act
also responsible for intellectual blasphemy.
“कमव र्वाड़्मनः शरीरप्रर्वृत्तिः तत्र र्वाड़्मन शरीरयतप्रर्वृत्तिरयतयोग॥”
(च.सं.सू.11/39)23
That is, शरीर लमथ्ययोग
र्वाग्क्मथ्ययोग
मानस लमथ्ययोग
पररणाम:-
“कालःपुनःपररणाम उच्यते॥”
(च.सं.सू.11/42)24
काल is known as transforming/ consequence. Hence काल comprises of ऋतु’s
काल अयतयोग
काल अयोग
काल लमथ्ययोग. These are the causes.

16. 16
2) पूर्ारूप
“तच्च पूर्ववरूपं ̲त्तर्विं एक
ं भात्तर्वष्याध्यव्यक्तलल…¡ûम ्
̲तीयन्तु दोषदूष्यसम्मूच््वनाजन्यमव्यक्तलल…¡ûम्दन्यदेर्व॥”
(च क्र on च.सं.यन. 1/8)25
पूर्ववरूप is of 2 types
 One which indicates the forth coming disease but sometimes symptoms
may not be seen or if seen they are poorly manifested with less
symptoms. Example: र्वातव्याधि.
 Second type of पूर्ववरूप manifest after दोष दूष्य समूच््वन with prominent
symptoms. Example: ज्र्वरपूर्ववरूप.
“̲त्तर्विंपूर्ववरूपं व्याचक्षते सामान्यपूर्ववरूपं त्तर्वलशष्ट पूर्ववरूपgcÉ॥”
(गंगा on च.सं.यन.1/8)26
पूर्ववरूपis of 2 types according to गंगािर टीका they are,
 सामान्य पूर्ववरूप
 त्तर्वशेष पूर्ववरूप
सामान्य पूर्ववरूप is general symptoms of disease manifest before the
manifestation of disease but does not specify the involvement of दोष.
त्तर्वशेष पूर्ववरूपis appearance of premonitory symptoms observed specifically by
specific दोष.

17. 17
3) रूप
“उत्पन्नव्यािे स्र्वरूपं तथा र्वाता±Éमपक्र्वाहद त्तर्वशेषण त्तर्वलशष्टं व्याधि यनदानोपशय
संप्राग्ततव्ययतररक्तं यद्यत्तप बोिययत तग्ल्ल…¡ûम ्॥”
(चक्र on च.सं.यन.1/9)27
It is the stage in which complete appearance of specific symptoms of the disease
is seen. The stage indicate the र्वाताहददोष’s and stages of the disease. That is
आम stage or पक्र्व stage or advanced stage of the disease. This stage does not
include यनदान, उपशय, संप्राग्तत.
4) उपशर्
It can be classified into 18 types
त्तर्वपरीत हेतु ओषि
व्याधि आहार
त्तर्वपरीताथवकाररण हेतु-व्याधि त्तर्वहार
उपशय means getting comfort by use of औषि,आहार and त्तर्वहार which is either
त्तर्वपरीत or त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर of the etiology of the disease itself or to the both.
“त्तर्वपरीताथवकाररतद्उच्यतेयत्ऽपाततः प्रतीयमानं
त्तर्वपरीतस्यअथव प्रशमलक्षणकरोयत॥”
The word त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर that which though not opposite but still produced the
effect of the opposite and gives comfort.

18. 18
According to आचायव चक्रपाणण (च.सं.यन.1/10)
Types ofउपशर् व्र्ाधि उपशर्
हेतु त्तर्वपरीत औषि शीतकफज्र्वर शुग्ठठ
हेतु त्तर्वपरीत अन्न र्वातज्र्वर and श्रम रसौदनः
हेतु त्तर्वपरीत त्तर्वहार हदर्वास्र्वतन रात्रत्रजागरण
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीत औषि अयतसार पाठा
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीत अन्न अयतसार मसूर
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीत त्तर्वहार उदार्वतव प्रर्वहण
हेतु-व्यधि त्तर्वपरीत औषि र्वातज शोथ दशमूल क्र्वाथ
हेतु-व्याधि त्तर्वपरीत अन्न शीत and ज्र्वर यर्वागु
हेतु-व्याधि त्तर्वपरीत त्तर्वहार ग्स्ननि हदर्वास्र्वmlÉजlrÉÉ
तन्द्राया
रूक्षं तन्द्रात्तर्वपरीतं
रात्रत्रजागरणं
हेतु त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
औषि
पcrÉमाlÉå शोjÉå त्तपिकर ऊष्णउपनाह
हेतुत्तर्वपरीताथवकारर अन्न पcrÉमाlÉå शोjÉå त्तर्वदाहहअन्न
हेतु त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर त्तर्वहार र्वातज उन्माद त्रास
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
औषि
्हदव मदनफल
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
अन्न
अयतसार क्षीर
व्याधि त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
त्तर्वहार
्हदव प्रर्वहण
हेतु –व्याधि
त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर औषि
अग्नननातलु¹å अगरु लेप
हेतु-व्याधि त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
अन्न
qɱmÉÉlÉ मदकारक
ं म±qÉç
हेतु-व्याधि त्तर्वपरीताथवकारर
त्तर्वहार
र्वातव्याधि जलप्रतरणाहदरूपो
व्यायाम

19. 19
5) संप्राक्ति
“सा संख्याप्रार्विान्य त्तर्वधित्तर्वकल्प बलकालत्तर्वशेषैलभवध्यते॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/11)28
संप्राक्ति is classified depending upon certain specific characteristics like the
संख्या,प्रािान्य,त्तर्वधि,त्तर्वकल्प, बलकाल.
संख्यासंप्राग्तत:-
“संख्या तार्वध्यथा अष्टौज्र्वराः।पञ्चःगुल्माः सततक
ु ष्ठान्येर्वमाहद॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/11/2)
The number of the disease is responsible for the variation of the संप्राग्तत like
ज्र्वर is of 8 types, गुल्म is of 5 types, क
ु ष्ठ is of 7 types.
प्रािान्यसंप्राग्तत:-
“प्रािान्यं पुनदोषाणां तरतमाभ्यामुपलभ्यतेतत्र ²योस्तरः त्रत्रषुतमइयत”
(च.सं.यन1/11/3)
It helps for the identification of dominance of दोष in case of 2 or more दोष’s are
involved.
In case of 2 दोष the word तर is used
In case of 3 दोष the word तम is used.

20. 20
त्तर्वधिसंप्राग्तत:-
“त्तर्वधिनावम ̲त्तर्विा व्याियोयनजागन्तुभेदेन,त्रत्रत्तर्विग्स्त्रदोष भेदेन, चतुत्तर्वविा
साध्यासाध्यमृदुदारूणभेदेन॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/11/4)
त्तर्वधि means variety of disease like 2 varieties of disease that is यनज and
अगंन्तुज.3 varieties of दोष based on their variation. 4 varieties of diseases
based on prognosis of disease. That is curable, incurable, mild and acute.
त्तर्वकल्पसंप्राग्तत
“समर्वेतानां पुनदोषाणामंशांशबलत्तर्वकल्पो त्तर्वकल्पोऽग्स्मन्नथे॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/11/5)
This indicates the proportional analysis of the qualities of दोष’s involved.
बलकालसंप्राग्तत:-
“बलकाल त्तर्वशेषः पुनव्याविीनामृत्र्वहोरात्राहारकाल त्तर्वधित्तर्वयनयतो भर्वयत॥”
(च.सं.यन.1/12)29
This indicates the time of aggravation of दोष’s in relation to season various
timing of the day, night and intake of food.

21. 21
APPLICATION
न्र्ार्:-
गोबललर्विवन्याय is the न्याय of the cow and the bull. गो means cow and बललर्विव
means the ox. Commonly accepted thing is not always that it actually denotes.
So as per this न्याय hidden meaning or relative meaning as per context has to be
considered.
While explaining the त्तर्वधिसंप्राग्तत the संख्यासंप्राग्तत etc the भेद’s of संप्राग्तत
include त्तर्वधिसंप्राग्तत also. By गोबललर्विवन्याय the left व्याधिप्रकार is considered
under त्तर्वि which is not told by the संख्याहद.
These mainly quoted by commentators to explain the complicated श्लोक and
convey the hidden meaning easily.
धचक्रकत्सा:-
 On doubt of two disease यनदान is required for the proper diagnosis.
 पूर्ववरूप helps in व्याधि त्तर्वयनश्चय. That is in MüÉमल by seeing the yellowish
discoloration of त्र्वचा and मल we can come to conclude about the
disease.
 By seeing the particular symptoms we can get knowledge about the
particular disease. For examples by the लक्षण’s like संताप, स्र्वेदार्वरोि and
सर्ववऽगंग्रहण we can say that it is the symptoms of ज्र्वर.
 उपशय helps as धचक्रकत्स मागवदशवक. In doubt of जीणवज्र्वर and राजयक्ष्म,
यतक्तघृत is given. It reduces जीणवज्र्वर not the राजयक्ष्म.
 संप्राग्तत helps in knowing the pathogenesis of the disease. If स्रोतोदुग्ष्ट is
present in संप्राग्तत, स्रोतोत्तर्वशोिन in ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ is done.

22. 22
CROSS REFERENCE
In तन्त्रान्तर
 In अ.हृ.यन.1st
chapter explained about यनदानपञ्चक
 In qÉÉ.यन.1st
chapter.

23. 23
CONCLUSION
यनदान is the best tool for the diagnosis of disease. यनदानपञ्चक helps the
physician to treat or cure the रोग.
In पूर्ववरूप stage only if identification of the disease can be done before it’s fully
manifested which helps in to cure or diagnose the disease easily.
In रूप stage where the particular sign and symptoms are seen, plan for the
treatment of disease is done and all the लक्षण will be व्यक्त in रूपार्वस्त.
उपशय and धचक्रकत्सा are both different thing and should not get confused with
both of these. Because selection of औषि, आहार, त्तर्वहार will be in random
which is not ideal. In उपशय one of the 3 will be adopted and complete
procedure will not have to be adopted. Hence उपशय is defined that which is
nearer or resembles the धचक्रकत्सा but not considered as complete धचक्रकत्सा
संप्राग्तत tells about the process of development of disease in the body.
Thus it can be concluded that पञ्चयनदान’s are the main 5 things which are
required for the proper diagnosis and treatment of the disease. If one among
them is not identified correctly then there may be some complications in the
disease and it will affect the patients recovery . So पञ्चयनदान has to be assessed
thoroughly.

24. 24
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