2. Definition of creativity :
Mental process involving the generation of new ideas or concepts, or new associations
between existing ideas or concepts.
Process of creating something that is original and worthwhile.
May refer to;
i. The product
ii. The personpersonality creating the product
iii. The process
iv. Steps followed to create the product
v. The environment
vi. A synthesis of all of the above
3. Today it is accepted that creativity is a combination of cognitive, conative and emotional factors
which interact with the environment dynamically.
All of these factors are present in human beings and all these variables affects us to a certain degree,
it can be argued that a specific combination of them results in creativity.
In the historical research of creativity, several researchers tried to investigate the nature of creativity
through the eyes of the aforementioned factors.
The 4P framework (process, person, product, press) proposed by Rhodes [23] is a widely accepted
categorization in psychometric study of creativity.
4. 1. Fluidity/Fluency (number of ideas)
– Ideation: listing red round objects
– Association: Fog is … like a sponge
– Expression: listing words ending with -ism
2. Flexibility (number of content categories / shifts)
– Spontaneous: listing uses of a pencil
– Adaptive: What would happen if nobody could or would like to sleep
anymore?
3. Originality (ideas just mentioned by one participant)
4. Elaboration ( Talking more in detail about the idea )
5. Based on his factor analytic model of the structure-of-intellect (SI), .
Of the 13 tests in this battery, 9 require verbal (semantic) responses and 4 employ figural content.
The 9 verbal response tests are:
(1) Word Fluency; (2) Ideational Fluency; (3) Association Fluency; (4) Expressional Fluency; (5)
Alternate Uses; (6) Simile Interpretations; (7) Plot Titles; (8) Consequences; and (9) Possible Jobs.
The four figural tests are:
(1) Making Objects; (2) Sketches; (3) Match Problems; and (4) Decorations.
6. Creativity is Assessed on the basis of :
Fluency
Flexibility
Originality
Elaboration
Resistance to premature closure
7. Subtests are scored on the basis of fluency, flexibility, and originality (with a score on elaboration as
optional),
i. Picture Construction (from a marked cue),
ii. Picture Completion (again with cues),
iii. Parallel Lines.
The first of these subtests is scored on originality and elaboration while the remainder are scored on
fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Totals are then accumulated across subtests to provide
overall scores for Figural fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration.
i. Asking,
ii. Guessing Causes,
iii. Guessing Consequences,
iv. Product Improvement,
v. Unusual Uses,
vi. Unusual Questions,
vii. Just Suppose.