Kansallinen resurssiviisaus -foorumi 4.12.2013:
World Resources Forumin perustaja ja presidentti Xaver Edelmann: "Maailma muuttuu resurssiviisaaksi" /
"Resource efficiency and scarce natural resources"
Kansallinen resurssiviisaus -foorumi: Xaver Edelmann
1. Resource efficiency and scarce natural resources
X. Edelmann, President World Resources Forum, Switzerland
National Resource Wisdom Forum 4.12.2013 Finlandia House, Helsinki
2. Resource efficiency and scarce natural resources
• Global Resource Use
• UNEP Decoupling Reports
– Decoupling natural resource use and environmental impacts from economic growth
– City-level decoupling - urban resource flows and the governance of infrastructure transitions
• Sustainable Development in the City of St.Gallen, Switzerland
• World Resources Forum 2011 in Davos
• World Resources Forum in Beijing 2012
– Cities and Life Workshops in Hyderabat and at WRF 2012 In Beijing
– Resource Efficiency through Using Wood in Austrian Architecture
• World Resources Forum 2013 in Davos
– Urban Mining
– Koli Forum Workshop TOWARDS RESOURCE WISDOM
• World Resources Forum 2014 in Arequippa, Peru
2
3. Global resource use 1980-2020
90
Other minerals
R
3
70
Metal ores
Metalores
Chart Title
BRIICS
38%
5.8 billion tonnes
RoW
Biomass
+81%
50
Fossil energy
carriers
Energy carriers
5.8
Metal ores
10.6
3.7
40
8.2
BRIICS
35%
14.8
10.6 billion tonnes
30
+68%
16.4
20
1980
b
10
38%
+114%
0
1980
2002
2020
Source: Measuring Materials Flows and Resource Productivity, OECD 2008
16.4
billion tonnes
20
Energy carriers
5.8
Metal ores
10.6
2002
15.6
Chart Title
12.2
R
29%
BRIICS
35.1
14.8
15.6
20.5
2020RoW
19%
3.7
8.2
OECD
33%
Other minerals
Biomass
Biomass
22.9
14
20.5
11.2
12.2
38%
RoW
Chart Title
15.6
11
OECD
11.227%
Other minerals
60
30%
32%
Energy carriers
+200%
OECD
RoW
Biomass
80
billion tonnes
Chart Title
Non-metallic
Other minerals
mineralsc
22.9
Biomass
BRIICS
26%
OECD
55%
B
11.2
35.1
22.9
billion tonnes
35
14.8
Energy carriers
5.8
(a) Crude oil, coal, natural gas, peat; (b) Harvests from agriculture and forestry, marine catches, grazing; (c) Indust
1980
2002
2020
20.5
(d) Constant 1995 USD. * BRIICS = Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China ores
Metal and South Africa; RoW = Rest of the wo
10.6
Source: OECD, based on SERI (2006), MOSUS MFA database, Sustainable Europe Research Institute, Vienna, http://www.materialf
3.7
Notes:
4. World population 1400-2050
5231
3672
727
691
547
2050
9.2
1403
448
1950
314
172
2000 2050
Europe
1998
1950 2000 2050
North America
794
1950
729
2000
Asia
6.1
2050
227
1950
167
1987
5
519
2000 2050
Africa
13
31
51
4
1950 2000 2050
Southeast Asia
1950 2000 2050
South America
2000
2
3
1974
1960
1927
1
1804
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
Source: Population Reference Bureau, World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Highlights. New York: United Nations.
1800
1850
1900
1950
2000
2050
5. Resources are getting scarce
• Physical limits
• Political risks
• Prices
• Environmental and health challenges
• Social limits
See Resource Snapshots at http://www.worldresourcesforum.org/resource-snapshots
8. The global interrelation between
resource use and income (2000)
Brasil
UNEP (2011),
International Resource Panel:
Decoupling natural resource use
and environmental impacts from
economic growth
Lead Authors: Marina Fischer-Kowalski and Mark
Swilling
DR Congo
France
USA
South Africa
China
India
Finland
Switzerland
10. Cities and natural resource use
• 80% of global GDP produced
on just 2% of the land surface.
• 60-80 % of global energy
consumption
• 75 % of carbon emissions
• More than 75 % of the world’s
natural resources
• Cities mainly depend on the
import of finite material
resources from outside their
boundaries.
A Sustainable economic development will depend
on DECOUPLING growth from escalating
resource use and ensuring equitable distribution
of the resulting benefits
12. Energy Future St.Gallen
• What do we have to do to live up to the needs of the
population in the year 2050? How can we satisfy the
needs in the fields electricity, heating and mobility in
a sustainable way?
• Howe do we reach the 2000 Watt society (today we
need 6000 Watt/person )?
• Were are the borders of efficiency? Where starts
sufficiency?
13. Objectives for 2050
•
•
•
•
•
80 percent of the buildings will be partially or totally energetically renewed
Oil and gas for electricity production instead of heating
Geothermal plant and long-distance heating
No more nuclear power by 2030
Photovoltaic, small hydropower plants (renewable energies) and waste
incineraton power plants
• Modal split moves towards more public and slow transport (by bike and on
foot)
• Private cars will be largely powered by hybrid and electrical motors
14. 2011
WRF 2011: Questions dealt with:
- What Do We Need to Achieve?
- Should We Limit the Use of Resources?
- How Can International and National
Policies Establish a Resource Efficient
Green Economy?
- What Are Industry Solutions to Achieve a
Resource Efficient Green Economy?
- Where Do We All Go from Here?
15. Chairman’s statement WRF 2011 (Davos)
• Double resource productivity by 2020 and reach
fivefold increase by 2050
• Tax resources and pollution
• Support innovation
• Develop partnerships
• Implement performance measurement
• Safeguard transparency
• Explore driving forces of consumption
17. Workshops on Urban Eco-Efficiency and Biodiversity
Cities for Life Congress, Hyderabad, India, October 15, 2012
WRF 2012 Beijng, October, 21-23
Xaver Edelmann, World Resources Forum
Simian, an eco-city in China
Rui Zhang, China, Oliver Hillel, CBD
Sophia Picarelli, ICLEI , Sibylle Rock, José Bernal, Mexico City
Main Findings
City planning and management
Practical solutions
Make urban eco-efficiency measurable
Standardized sustainability indices
Sustainable production and consumption
Adequate communication
Cooperation between initiatives
18.
19. Overall Conclusion WRF 2012, Beijing
Scarcity of resources, increasing prices,
and unsustainable use of resources
hinder economic development, lead to poverty and
social unrest and
pose risks for global stability.
20.
21. Urban mining at WRF 2013
A ton of ore from a gold mine yields 5 grams of gold
A ton of cell phones can yield up to 150 grams of gold
22. TOWARDS RESOURCE WISDOM
-Conflict prevention, Bioeconomy growth, Governance –
World Resources Forum WS14
08.10.2013
KOLI FORUM – Forests and Water – the key resources for a sustainable and competitive
bioeconomy. Dr Liisa Tahvanainen, Secretary General, Koli Forum
Innovation to face climate change challenges:
North Karelia – Fossil Oil Free Region in 2030. Dr Pauliina Korhonen, Senior Coordinator, Koli Forum
Towards Resource Wisdom. Dr Jukka Noponen, Director, Finnish Innovation Fund SITRA
Discussion
23. Chairman’s Statements WRF 2013 in Davos
Annual report on resource efficiency by countries;
Urgent boost of investments in resource productivity,
alternative materials substituting fossil fuels, metals and
minerals;
Tax non-renewables;
Social sciences and humanities have an important role to play;
Empowering young consumers through formal and informal
education.
24. WRF Outlook
• Next flagship event in Arequipa, Peru October 19 – 22, 2014
• Key Topics
Decoupling Economic Growth & Natural
Resources Use
Innovative Resource Efficiency
Policies & Stakeholders Participation
Low Carbon Industries & Cities
Measuring Progress – Targets and
Indicators for Resource Efficiency