1. 1
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
PROJECT CLAID (Contextualized and Localized Activities Intended for Distance Learning)
Name : ___________________Date:____________Score:__________
SCIENCE 10
Quarter 3 Week 2
Competency:
ü Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female
reproductive system (e.g., menstrual cycle) (S10LT-lllc-35)
ü Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback
mechanisms to maintain homeostasis (S10LT-lllc-36)
LESSON: Feedback Mechanisms Involved
in Menstrual Cycle & Nervous System
Objective/s:
1. Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female
reproductive system using diagram
2. Describe the divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system
3. Distinguish the major functions of the nervous system: sensation, integration, and
response
4. Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback
mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.
KEY CONCEPT
• The menstrual cycle is controlled by negative and positive feedback mechanisms
involving the ovarian and pituitary hormones.
• Ovarian hormones (estrogen and progesterone) are released from the ovaries and act
on the uterus to prepare for pregnancy. Pituitary hormones (Follicle-Stimulating
Hormone or FSH and Luteinizing Hormone or LH are released from the pituitary gland
and act on the ovaries to develop follicles.
• The secretion of female sex hormones begins in the hypothalamus which releases
GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone). GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to
release FSH and LH.
• FSH stimulates the development of follicle (contains the egg). LH stimulates the ovaries
to produce estrogen.
• Estrogen repairs, thickens and maintains the uterus lining. Estrogen stops FSH being
produced so that only one egg matures in the cycle (Follicular Phase)
• With high enough level of estrogen, it causes a surge in LH which causes ovulation
where an egg is released from the follicle (Day 14 of the cycle)
• The follicle becomes corpus luteum and produces estrogen and progesterone which
inhibit FSH and LH (this is negative feedback). Progesterone maintains the uterus
lining, preparing for pregnancy. (Luteal Phase)
• If the egg has not been fertilized, the corpus luteum dies and progesterone levels drop.
This causes menstruation, where the uterus lining breaks down.
2. 2
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
MARK THE CALENDAR
Directions:
The calendar below shows the menstrual cycle of a girl who has 30-day menstrual
cycle. The 1st day of menstruation marks the beginning of the menstrual cycle which
starts on March 2. Note: The average menstrual cycle is about 25-30 days, but it can be as short as 21 days or longer
than 35 — it is different from person to person.
Using the calendar shown above, describe what happens to the ovary, follicle, uterus
and hormones in every phase for items 3-5. Then for item 1-2 fill them with the correct
phases. Based your answer from the key concepts above.
Phase Description
Menstruation
(3)
Follicular Phase
(4)
(1)
(5)
(2)
The uterine lining gets thicker and
thicker. If the egg does not meet the
sperm, the corpus luteum degenerates.
The concentration of estrogen and
progesterone in the blood fall, and
menstruation occurs.
ACTIVITY NO.1
3. 3
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
Guide Questions
1. How many days do the menses of the girl lasted as shown in the calendar?
______________________________________________________________
2. Based on menstrual cycle given, what day in the calendar does ovulation
occur. ________________________________________________________
3. What will happen to the egg and uterus if fertilization occurs?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4. Site a positive feedback mechanism involved in the menstrual cycle.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5. What is an example of a negative feedback loop in the menstrual cycle?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6. Why is it important to study the menstrual cycle?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
NERVOUS SYSTEM
KEY CONCEPT
• The human nervous system has two main divisions: the Central Nervous
System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
• The CNS consists of highly developed brain that is continuous with the spinal
cord. Serving as central control, these organs integrate incoming information an
determine appropriate responses. The brain
• The brain has three main parts namely cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.
• The PNS is made up of the sensory receptors and the nerves, which are the
communication lines. PNS connects the central nervous system to the organs
and limbs.
• PNS has two main divisions: Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous
System
• Somatic Nervous system is associated with the voluntary control of the body
movements. It has two main parts: Spinal nerves and Cranial nerves.
• Autonomic Nervous System is associated with the involuntary control of the
body. It has two divisions: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
• Sympathetic is activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress
(increased heart rate and breathing, dilation of pupil, sweating etc)
• Parasympathetic maintains body functions and restores the body to normal or
relaxed mode.
4. 4
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
BREAK IT DOWN!
Directions:
Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts to complete the entire
concept showing the divisions and subdivisions of nervous system.
Guide Questions:
1. How will you differentiate the Central Nervous System and Peripheral
Nervous system based on their functions?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. How might happen to the human body if one part of nervous system fails to
carry out its functions properly?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY NO.2
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
(1) (2)
Main Components Main Divisions
(3) Brain
Main Parts
(5) (6) (7)
Somatic
Nervous
System
(4)
Subdivision
s
Main Parts
(9)
(8) (10)
Sympathetic
5. 5
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
INPUT, PROCESS, OUTPUT!
Directions:
Given the illustration below, distinguish what function (sensation, integration,
response) of nervous system is portrayed. Identify the stimulus and the reaction is
shown in the situation.
ACTIVITY NO.3
KEY CONCEPT
• The nervous system has three main functions: sensation, integration and response
o Sensation – the nervous system uses sensors to gather information from
inside and outside of the body.
o Integration – the nervous system transmits the information over a network of
specialized nerve cells to processing areas such as the brain.
o Response – the nervous system processes the information into a possible
response. The response is sent back through network of nerve cells to the
muscles, glands and other parts of the human body.
1) Stimulus: _______
(2)
(3)
(4)
5) Reaction: _________
6. 6
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
Guide Questions:
1. How does the brain receive the information from the receptor?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. What does the brain do as it receives the information?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. How is the message from the brain sent in response to the stimuli?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
KEY CONCEPT
• The nervous system regulates the feedback mechanism by prompting signal that
will either inhibit or release hormones.
• All of the organ systems of the body work together to maintain homeostasis or stability
of the organism like a well-oiled machine.
• The process in which organ systems work to maintain a stable internal environment is
called homeostasis. Keeping a stable internal environment requires constant
adjustments. If homeostasis fails or disrupted, death or disease may result.
• Here are ways that human organ systems help the body maintain homeostasis as
triggered by the nervous system:
o The digestive system maintains homeostasis by maintaining consistent
intestinal flora, as well as by keeping pH levels where they need to be.
o Respiratory system: A high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood
triggers faster breathing. The lungs exhale more frequently, which removes
carbon dioxide from the body more quickly.
o Excretory system: A low level of water in the blood triggers retention of water
by the kidneys. The kidneys produce more concentrated urine, so less water is
lost from the body.
o Endocrine system: A high concentration of sugar in the blood triggers secretion
of insulin by an endocrine gland called the pancreas. Insulin is a hormone that
helps cells absorb sugar from the blood.
o When body temperature rises, receptors in the skin and the brain sense the
temperature change. The temperature change triggers a command from the
brain. This command can cause several responses. If you are too hot, the skin
makes sweat and blood vessels near the skin surface dilate. This response
helps decrease body temperature.
7. 7
Quarter 2 : Week 2-3 | Competency Code: S10LT-lllc-35 and S10LT-lllc-36
Compentency: Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the female reproductive system (e.g.,
menstrual cycle; Describe how the nervous system coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis
HOW MY BODY MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS?
Directions:
Read the incomplete statement below, then choose the correct word/group of words that
may correctly tell the feedback to each situation.
1. When I feel hot, ________ comes out from my skin.
2. When I feel cold, I __________,
3. When there is a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood, I ___________.
4. When you are infected with bacteria or virus, I usually have a _____
5. When I have high sodium levels also known as hypernatremia, I will be ___________
6. When you are dehydrated, the kidney produces ______________
7. When I take acidic drinks, the digestive system maintains the _____
8. Whenever I take food with high concentration of sugar, the blood secrets ___
REFERENCES:
Department of Education. Science Grade 10 Module . Philippines, 2014.
Strauss, Eric, and Marilyn Lisowski. Biology The Web of Life. Jurong, Singapore: Pearson Education
(Asia) Pte Ltd, 2003.
Menstrual Cycle accessed from https://ib.bioninja.com.au/standard-level/topic-6-human-
physiology/66-hormones-homeostasis-and/menstrual-cycle.html
Hormones in Human reproduction accessed from https://www.bbc.co.uk
Images:
The Nervous system (2006) Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ovulation picture accessed from https://penandpaperfertility.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/The-
moment-of-ovulation.jpg
Menstrual cycle picture accessed from
http://histocutup.co.uk/Gynaecology/GynaecologyImages/Menstrual-Cycle1.png
Prepared by:
JULIE ANN P. RUIZ
Mataas na Paaralang Neptali A. Gonzales
SDO Mandaluyong
Editors:
Dr. Marlowe Louis F. Fabunan Dr. Marlowe Louis F. Fabunan Maribel D. Ganeb
Content Language Layout
Approved:
Roxane S. Villanueva
Education Program Supervisor (Science)
ACTIVITY NO.4
pH level shiver dehydrated
more concentrated urine fever breath faster
sweat insulin
