Comparative Study On Tall Structures With Softstorey Openings and Shearwalls Using Etabs
1. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TALL
STRUCTURES WITH
SOFTSTOREY OPENINGS
AND SHEARWALLS
Submitted by
Name: SHREEHARI KULKARNI
USN.: SG21SEC017
Under the Guidance of
Asst. Prof. RISHIKESH
2. SHARNBASVA UNIVERSITY KALBURGI
PROJECT
ON
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TALL STRUCTURES WITH
SOFTSTOREY OPENINGS
AND SHEARWALLS
Submitted by
Name: SHREEHARI KULKARNI
USN.: SG21SEC017
Under the Guidance of
Asst. Prof. RISHIKESH
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Structural Engineering
Sharnbasva University
Kalaburagi-585103
3. Table of Contents
• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Aim and Objective
• Methodology
• Results and Discussions
• Conclusions
• References
4. INTRODUCTION
• Modern architecture has evolved significantly, driven by
creativity and expertise.
• Building tall structures capable of withstanding seismic
forces is a key challenge.
• Two primary design approaches: shear walls distributed
throughout the building vs. shear walls reinforcing soft
stories.
• Comparison of various tall skyscraper design techniques.
• Rigorous examination of seismic responses using
computational tools like ETABS.
• Objective: Understand how shear wall design influences
earthquake resilience in tall structures.
5. Literature Review
• Mahendra Kumar conducted the study titled "Seismic Behavior Of Buildings With Shear
Wall." In this research:
• Seismic performance of a five-story structure was analyzed.
• Shear walls were strategically integrated into the structure.
• Various shear wall configurations were examined.
• Parameters such as storey displacement, storey drift, and base shear were evaluated.
• In accordance with Indian Seismic Resistant Design Standards, the research was carried out in
Zone V.
• ETABS software was used for modeling and analysis.
• Five structural models were studied: no shear walls, shear walls at the center on each side,
alternate sides, corners on each side, and inner-side center.
• Building 4 showcased improved stability with minimal top displacement.
• A trade-off was observed, resulting in increased base shear and storey acceleration due to
the enhanced stiffness provided by shear walls.
6. • The research project, titled "Comparing the Effect of Earthquake on Shear
Wall Building and Non-Shear Wall Building - A Review," is conducted under
the supervision of Mr. Alokkumar A. Mondal, Mrs. Gitadevi B. Bhaskar, and
Miss. Deepa Telang.
• Examination of seismic properties in shear wall and non-shear wall
developments in light of a broad writing survey.
• According to the literature analysis, shears walls are identified as key
elements for strengthening structural stability in the event of an
earthquake.
• Shear walls can effectively reduce lateral loads caused by earthquakes.
• The complex relationship between shear wall placement and force
distribution is explored, including challenges associated with shear wall
perforations.
7. • Akansha Dwivedi and B.S. Tyagi conduct a comparative seismic evaluation of structures with
and without shear walls, focusing on RCC structures and those with composite columns.
• The study involved response spectrum analysis and static analysis techniques to assess
seismic behavior in various structural configurations.
• Four different models are created in Etabs software for analysis, all located in the IV seismic
zone.
• A 20-story skyscraper is modeled, with each level having a height of 3 meters. The models
comply with IS 456 and IS 1893 standards for the IV seismic zone.
• The columns are arranged in a square layout with a 4-meter spacing, chosen for their seismic
resilience.
• Comparable structure arrangements and examines the presence and absence of shear walls
in composite and RCC column configurations.
• Key parameters analyzed in the study include storey displacement, drift, stiffness, lateral
force, and base shear to assess the seismic performance of the structures.
8. • Together, Dr. Patil S.S. and Mr. Sagare S.D. are doing study on the many attributes of skyscrapers,
which are distinguished by delicate storytelling.
• Assessing the impact of shear walls on the seismic performance of these buildings, particularly in
mitigating brittle failure modes associated with soft stories.
• Four distinct models are examined to explore the effects of different configurations:
1. Model 1: An RC frame without shear walls, representing a vulnerable condition.
2. Model 2: A structure with a soft story and brick infill on the top floor.
3. Model 3: Brick infill at the corner of the first floor to enhance its stiffness.
4. Model 4: An L-shaped arrangement of shear walls extending from the ground to the roof.
• The research employs 3D modeling techniques and leverages data from the Bhuj earthquake of
January 26, 2001.
• The investigation utilizes both direct time history testing and computational analysis using SAP 2000
V14 software.
9. • A research project by Professors Patil S.S. and Sagare S.D. addresses the unique nature of
buildings in the sky with soft stories.
• The main purpose of this study shall be to assess the seismic behaviour of reinforced
concreteRCC structures with soft stories at different levels. These buildings are in particular
at risk of a collapse caused by earthquakes.
• By specializing in multistory structures with open ground floors, which are
becoming increasingly common in nations that are developing, the studies wants to react to
cultural and architectural preferences.
• Existing structural models, including buildings with steel stiffeners on high floors and soft
story layouts supported by shearwalls, are used in the research.
• A study of ten-story structures which takes into account relationships between soil and
structure in a variety of soil conditions is included in the review's scope.
• The base floor, which is often exposed yet more stiff than the upper levels due to certain
limitations, is the subject of this study.
• It calls reference to the regular occurrence of soft stories in modern Indian urban
architecture and discusses the need to add this kind of development in seismic design.
• Particularly, in countries which do not have industrialised industries and where these designs
are common despite their propensity to collapse during earthquakes.
10. • The research is conducted by S. Arunkumar and Dr. G.
Nandini Devi.
• The study investigates three distinct structural models,
namely, the infilled frame with a soft storey (IFSS),
infilled frame with shear wall in a soft storey (IFSW),
and infilled frame with cross bracing (IFCB).
• Effectiveness of shear walls as reinforcement
measures, as they play a crucial role in significantly
reducing inter-story drift and increasing storey forces in
these structural configurations.
11. • The collaborative research is conducted by Miss Aadishri D Kadam
and Dr. P.S. Pajgade.
• It looks at the manner in which soft storey effects are planned and
implemented in reinforced concrete (RC) constructions.
• The study places particular emphasis on the application of seismic
codes IS-1893(Part I)-2016 and IS-13920-2016.
• The learn applies seismic codes and uses ETABS software.
• A comparative assessment of multi-storey building behaviors is
carried out, considering structural configurations both with and
without shear walls and struts.
• It uses a G+15 story building model, whose is looked at in many
different kinds of applications, including bare frames, shear walls,
struts, and infill walls.
12. • The study, conducted by Abdul Rauf Muqeeb, Md Faisaluddin, and Shaik Abdulla,
primarily aims to investigate the impact of soft storeys in the seismic-resistant
analysis of RC (Reinforced Concrete) framed buildings.
• Mathematical modeling involves ten different models, each designed to explore
specific configurations.
• These variants include those with and without shear walls, soft floors at various
levels, infill brickwork, and other structural components.
• The seismic analysis approach includes linear static analysis, linear dynamic
analysis, and non-linear static analysis (push-over).
• In the study, performance point attributes such spectral acceleration, spectral
displacement, base shear, and roof displacement that are derived from pushover
analysis are evaluated.
• Additional results encompass basic natural time intervals, storey drifts, storey
displacements, and design seismic base shear.
• The importance of soft levels and their role in enhancing structural strength and
reducing damage appear by the essential part that infill walls play in avoiding drift
and displacement.
13. • To investigate wall frameworks, Youssef I. Agag, Mohamed E. El Madawy, and Raghda I.
Halima employed Direct Equivalent Static Load and Response Spectrum analysis.Within eight
different models, they sought to pinpoint the shear walls' ideal arrangement.
• The study focused on a twenty-story structure modeled with ETABS v.16.2 software. Various
models featured shear walls placed centrally, at corners, along the exterior perimeter, and in
various combinations.
• Conclusions on the behavior of structures affected by shear walls were drawn from the
analysis. Importantly, the provision of shear walls in both directions of the structural layout
enhances the primary behavior.
• Findings indicate that shear walls at the exterior perimeter or central core improve seismic
performance by reducing displacements and story drift compared to models without shear
walls.
• The research emphasizes compliance with allowable limits for story drift as stipulated by the
code (ECL 201/2012) for both Equivalent Static Load and Response Spectrum Analysis
methods.
• Notably, the Response Spectrum Analysis method exhibits a more accurate representation of
structural response than the Equivalent Static Load approach, yielding more effective base
shear values.
14. • Amitkumar Yadav, Dr. Vikram Patil, and Somanagouda
Takkalaki conducted research focusing on dynamic wind
forces as the primary lateral load.
• In the studies they conducted, they considered elements
such as the bending moment, shear force, and deflection.
• It centered primarily on the influence of soft floor openings
and shear wall corners in two different creation types.
• Wider openings in structures resulted in greater
deflection, bending moment, and shear force.
• Comparing the maximum drift of a tall structure with a soft
story opening and a shear wall corner under seismic
stresses was the study's major goal.
15. Chapter 3
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
• Comparing the behavior of multi-story structures with
soft floors constructed with and without shear walls
• Analyze and design multi-story structures with soft
floors using the response spectrum analysis method.
• Figuring out boundary conditions like drift, shear, and
storey displacement.
• Comparing where a shear wall is placed: at a corner vs
on the other side
• Comparing the structures of 15, 20, and 25 storeys.
16. CHAPTER 4
METHODOLOGY
• METHODS: For the comparison, two distinct
models were examined. While the second
model depicts a tall structure with a shear wall
corner, the first model depicts a tall structure
with a soft story opening in one of its levels.
Simulated seismic excitations simulating an
earthquake of a similar magnitude were
applied to both models.
42. RESULTS
Graphs that interpret the structural geste of all the various structural
models in terms of Storey Shear, Storey Deportations, and Storey
Drift are used to graphically portray the study's conclusions.
1. When comparing the soft storey structure to other structural
models, a very advanced relegation was found.
2. The Shear wall model showed lower demotion, showing that it is a
more efficient and secure option in a comparison with the
softstorey.
3. The storey drift in the soft storey model was dramatically increased.
According to this identifying, comparable buildings may experience
major side displacement during seismic happenings.
4. The shear wall model has the highest storey stiffness, according to a
comparison of stiffness in buildings.
43. DISCUSSIONS
SOFT STOREY AND SHEAR WALL ARE DISCUSSED
1. Soft storeys behave quite differently during earthquakes, and this
results in structural damage and greater expenditures. It's
necessary that people stay away of soft story designs as much as
possible in earthquake-prone areas. From the design stage by
means of occupation, earthquake-resistant measures should be put
into effect as essential.
2. Soft story buildings that are already in place should be carefully
analyzed and reinforced as necessary.
3. Soft storey variations should be rectified; SS > 0.8–0.9 and R > 1.5
ratios should be used as references.
4. To achieve compliance, clear criteria for soft story abnormalities
should be created.
44. • Based on collapse durability curves and story drift criteria, the
results of the seismic assessment are presented. With their
fundamental susceptibility to earthquake-induced collapse, multi-
story buildings with open ground levels are a common architectural
type in developing nations because of economic and sociological
requirements. Different building models, including those with soft
floors and shear walls together with steel stiffeners on the first
floor, are used in the analysis. Although soft-storey structures are
prone to collapsing, they are commonly constructed in developing
nations like India. Regulations cause the first floor to be typically
weaker and stiffer compared to the other stories. investigations on
the response to earthquakes of soft-storey structures.
45. Modern urban architecture in India has grown to be distinguished by research on seismic behavior in
structures with soft stories.
1) Due to the lower concentration of bending moments, buildings with shear walls at the corners have
the lowest story displacement compared to other models. When shear walls are present, the storey
displacement is also reduced, although less than at the corners.
2) For structures with soft storeys, the height of the soft storey is where the greatest storey
displacement occurs. Due to the resistive effect of shear walls, the model with shear walls at the
corners has the least drift compared to other structures. Although to a lesser extent, shear walls at
the periphery also prevent drift.
3) The corner position of shear walls results in the highest base shears in both X and Y directions
compared to other models. The position of shear walls affects the force distribution.
4) The installation of shear walls at the corners increases the stiffness of the storey, especially as the
building height increases. This transformation of the soft storey into a regular storey is due to
increased horizontal stiffness and structural stability.
5) Shear walls at the corners lead to a reduction in the time the building stands during strong seismic
events.
46. Chapter 6
CONCLUSION
The key role of structural fundamentals in influencing seismic performance is shown by a comparison of
altitudinous buildings with soft story openings and shear wall corners. Shear walls substantially
contribute difference to overall stability and the amount of dropping down, whereas soft story
openings are less resistant to localized damage and collapse. The problems with the study allow us
to make the following important the conclusion:
1. The soft storey structure significantly surpassed comparable designs relegation, showing the
vulnerable nature of structures of the same type in regions prone to earthquakes.
2. Shear wall models displayed lower relegation, indicating their more excellent improved safeguarding
and cost-effectiveness in seismic incidents.
3. The soft storey model showed a significant increase in storey drift, indicating an implied loss of
structural integrity during earthquakes.
4. When storey stiffness was compared, it was determined that shear wall models showed the highest
stiffness, which meant that they proved more resilient overall and more resistive to seismic
forces.structural geniuses can help build a more durable and earthquake-resistant municipal
construction by incorporating shear walls into appropriate seismic-resistant designs.
47. REFERENCES
Akshay S. Paidalwar and G.D. Awchat., “ Seismic Analysis of Open Ground Storey Building”,
International Journal of Civil Engineering Research.
Amitkumar Yadav, Dr. Vikram Patil, Somanagouda Takkalaki., “Analysis of Tall Structures with and Without Openings
in Shear Walls”, Ijiset - International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering & Technology, Vol. 6 Issue 5, May
2019.
Mahendra Kumar, “Seismic Behavior of Buildings with Shear Wall” International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology (Ijert).
Alhat Sneha Dnyaneshwar, D. N. Mandlik, V. P. Bhusare and N.V.Khadake., “A Review On Seismic Analysis Of RCC
Building With Soft Storey At Different Level”, International Journal Of Research In Engineering, Science And
Management.
Prof. Patil S.S. and Sagare S.D., “Dynamic Analysis of Soft Story-High Rise Building
With Shear Wall”, International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science
(IJLTEMAS).
Akansha Dwivedi and B.S Tyagi, “Seismic Analysis of Building with and Without Shear Wall for Building with Rcc and
Composite Column”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (Ijert).
