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1. CLASS VIII
CIVICS
CHAPTER 25 - THE INDIAN CONSTITUION AND THE NEED FOR LAWS

2. THE CONSTITUTION
 The word ‘ constitution’ comes from the Latin word ‘constituio’ which
refers to regulations and orders.
 A constitution is a set of fundamental laws and basic principles
according to which a state or country is governed.
 When these principles are put together in a written form, it becomes a
written constitution.

3. INDIAN CONSTITUTION
 Our Constitution declares the Union Of India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular ,Democratic Republic.
SOVEREIGN
Independent supreme authority
SOCIALIST
It believe that everything in society
is made by cooperative efforts of
the people.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
Form of government operating on
principles adopted from republic and
a democracy
 Our Constitution assures its citizens of justice, equality and liberty and endeavours to promote fraternity
among them all.
SECULAR
All religion are equal & no official
religion

5. THE IMPORTANCE OF LAWS IN OUR LIFE
 We all need rules and regulations in our lives. If there were no laws ,the rich and powerful would
dominate society.
 Laws are essentials as they ensure a safe and fair environment.
 Although laws are broken, the presence of laws ensures that these violations do not go unpunished.

6. Click on the below link to view the video about the Indian Constitution
 Introduction to Indian Constitution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e7EpTGD1sdo&feature=yout
u.be
 Making of Indian Constitution
https://youtu.be/UQLPat5oaN8
 Important facts of Indian constitution
https://youtu.be/9TSpMHDMAe4

7. CASE STUDY - DOWRY
 WHAT IS DOWRY ?
Dowry refers to gifts , money and other material goods are given
given by the bride’s family to the groom at the time of the
marriage.
The inability of bride’s family to pay dowry often leads to
harassment and torture of the bride by grooms family.

8. Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961.
According to this Act, offering and receiving dowry is a
crime. Anyone who is found guilty will be fined and
imprisoned for a period of no less than five years.

9. Click on the below link to view the video on dowry system in India.
 Dowry system in India
 https://youtu.be/P1bmCekeZgw

10. The constitution and legality of laws
 The constitution provides legality to the laws of the country.
 This proves beneficial as it does not let the government cross the boundaries by
enacting any new law which would jeopardize the rights of the citizens.
 All the laws made in the country has to be in accordance with the basic principles of
the constitution, if a law is against the principles of the constitution or opposes the
spirit of the constitution, it is declared null and void.
 Most constitutions in the world are given supremacy over ordinary statute law.
In India, the SUPREME COURT has the
right to determine the constitutional
validity of a law.

11. LAW AND DISSENT
 Dissent means to disagree or to oppose.
 Sometimes people protest against laws which violate their freedom or their
rights.
 Examples- Salt Satyagraha in British period and protest against Citizenship
Amendment Act during recent times.

12. THE SALT SATYAGRAHA
 In 1930, Gandhiji launched the Civil Disobedience Movement by protesting against the salt
tax which was imposed by the British.
 The Salt Law gave the British the monopoly to manufacture salt and collect tax on it.
 Gandhiji decided to violate this law through his symbolic Salt March- On 12 March 1930,
Gandhiji with 78 of his followers, marched from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a small village
on the coast of Gujarat. On reaching the coast, he picked up a handful of salt, saying “With
this, I am shaking the foundation of the British empire”.
Click on links to know more about the famous Salt Satyagraha
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oY0aACSyW2Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WW3uk95VGes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1_Dm1ZjRAM

13. THANKYOU